BETTIS THEOREM* (RECIPROCITY THEOREM

Bettis theorem, discovered by Enrico Betti in 1872

states that for all linear elastic structures subject to
two sets of forces Pi and Qi, the work done by the
set P though the displacement produced by set Q is
equal to the work done by the set Q through
.displacements produced by set P
Bettis theorem example
Consider a beam on which two points 1 and 2 have
been defined. First we apply force P at point 1 and
measure the vertical displacement of point 2. Then
we remove force P and apply force Q at point 2.
:Bettis reciprocity theorem states that

MaxwellBetti Reciprocal theorem

Consider a simply supported beam of span L as
shown in Fig. Let forces P1 P2
can be loaded
by two systems of forces
.separately as shown in the figure

Let u21 be the deflection below the load point P2

when only load P1 is acting. Similarly let u 12 be the
deflection below load P1, when only load P2 is acting
.on the beam
B & M reciprocal Theorem Continued

Reciprocal theorem
The reciprocal theorem states that the work done
by forces acting through displacement of the
second system is the same as the work done by the
second system of forces acting through the
displacements of the first system. Hence, according
,to reciprocal theorem

Reciprocal theorem for System of forces

Summary

The Castiglione's first theorem has been stated .1

and proved. For statically determinate structure,
the partial derivative of strain energy with respect
to external force is equal to the displacement in the
direction of that load at the point of application of
the load. This theorem when applied to the
statically indeterminate structure results in the
theorem of Least work. the theorem of Least Work
.has been stated and proved
The celebrated theorem of Maxwell-Bettis .2
.reciprocal theorem has been sated and proved