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Iasbaba'S Ilp: Value Add-Acids and Bases
Iasbaba'S Ilp: Value Add-Acids and Bases
ACIDS
BASES
Sour in taste
Bitter in taste
Donates a proton
Accepts a proton
INDICATORS
INDICATORS
ORIGINAL COLOUR
COLOUR CHANGE
WITH ACIDS
COLOUR CHANGE
WITH BASES
Red Litmus
Blue Litmus
Phenolphthalein
Red
Blue
Colourless
No change
Red
No change
Blue
No change
Pink
Methyl Orange
Turmeric
China rose water
Orange
Yellow
Yellow
Reddish brown
Pink
Red
No change
Dark pink
(Magenta)
Red cabbage
juice
Onion
Purple
Red
Greenish yellow
No change
Smell vanishes
No change
Smell vanishes
Vanilla
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Green
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pH SCALE
Potential of Hydrogen
Negative logarithm(base 10) of concentration of H+
An increase or decrease of an integer value changes the concentration
tenfold
A pH of 3 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 4
A pH of 3 is one hundred times more acidic than a pH of 5
A pH of 11 is ten times more basic than a pH of 10.
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pH 7 Distilled water
o It is neutral
o Neither acidic nor basic
pH less than 7 Acidic
pH more than 7 Basic
pH can be determined to the accuracy of 0.5 through pH paper having
four strips
pH meters can measure to an accuracy of 0.001
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NEUTRALISATION REACTION
Acids and bases react with each other to produce salt and water
Neutral salt: Strong acid and strong base make neutral salt. pH value is 7
Acidic salt: Formed by strong acid and weak base. pH value is less than 7
Basic salt: Formed by weak acid and strong base. pH value is more than 7
Neutralization reaction are usually exothermic
COMPOUND
Common Salt
Bleaching
Powder
Baking Soda
Washing Soda
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CHEMICAL
FORMULA
NaCl
USES
Important material for making
Sodium Hydroxide,
Baking Soda,
Washing Soda,
Bleaching Powder etc.
CaOCl2
NaHCO3
Used as antacid,
Making baking powder,
As fire extinguisher
Na2CO3.10H2O
Bleaching cotton,
linen,
wood pulp,
Disinfecting drinking water,
Oxidising agent in industries
Cleansing agent,
Removes permanent hardness of
water,
Making glass, soap and paper
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Plaster of Paris
CaSO4H2O
USE
EXPLANATION
To treat acidic
effluents
AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRIES
HEALTH
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To prevent
coagulation of Latex
To treat gastric
patients
To prevent tooth
decay
MISCELLANEOUS
Shampoo
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