W

????

WK

K K

K
K

KW
W
W

K J

K J

K J

W

W
K

--

W E

K
K W

W
K
K

KE F

W E
WaK

K( a = dv/dt )

<

>

--

WL E
amF

WL
F = m. a = m dv/dt
W E

v = vo + a .t
1
a .t 2
2
2
2
v = v o + 2 . a .s

s = vo .t +
P = F. v
F = m. a
W =F . s

W
v

vo

LKZ

LKKZ

KZKZ

W
G = m.g

LKKZ

g = 9.81

W E
G = m.g
Ft =

F1 = m.g

Ff =

EF

--

dv
dt

Ft = F1 + Ff + m

K
WKW

Ft = F1+ Ff
EF E
W E

WK(= 2)

( = 3.14 rad.) ( = 180 )

(= /t = /t = d/dt) W E
K/

( = d/dt )W E
/

W E
= o + . t
1
.t 2
2
2 = o2 + 2 . . s
= o . t +

P = . T
T = F. r = J .
W = T.

--

LKKZ

KZKKK

= v/r= 2N/60

T
J=GD2/4g=m.r2

r=D/2

W E
Tm =
T1 = EF
Tf =
J =

d
dt

Tm = T1 + Tf + J

Tm = T1 + Tf
W

WEF E
Ft > F1 + Ff

Tm > T1 + Tf

dv
>0
dt
d
>0
dt

--

WEF E
Ft < F1 + Ff

Tm < T1 + Tf

dv
<0
dt
d
<0
dt

WEF E
Ft = F1 + Ff

Tm = T1 + Tf

dv
=0
dt
d
=0
dt

(s = v. t) t s

W( = 2)(s = 2.r)

s = v. t
s = 2 . r = . r
EFEFZEF
W

v = r
EFELFZELF

n = /2 ELFn
= 2.n
= 2.N/60 ELFN

--

50 cmW 1-1
W

K EiF
K EiiF
K EiiiF
K EivF
n =4

n
rev / sec .

i) = 2 n = 2 4 = 25.12

rad / sec .

ii) v = . r = 25.12 0.5 = 12.56

iii) = . t = 25.12 5
= 125.6

m / sec .
rad.

iv) s = v .t = 12.56 5

= 62.8

W
W J
W J
W J

W J
KW
W J
60 cmW J
W

--

fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff

W
K

W
W
K J
K J
K J
K J
K J
W
W
K

--

W W

Compressors

Blowers

Pumps

K
K

--

:
WE JF

(T 1/) WA

K( Pm = T )

WB K

K( Pm )

( T = To+K) WC
K

KKTo

WD
K

2
(T = K )
WE
K
K

- -

K
W

E JF
E JF K

- -

KE JF
W

W J

P1 = EF
Pm =EF
Nm =ELF
m=ELF
c=

F1 = EF
v =ELF

- -

P1 =
Pm =

Tm =
Tm =
Pm =

F1 . v
= c . Pm
1000
F1 . v
1000 c
P m 1000
9550 P m
=
m
Nm
9 . 55 F v
c N m
Tm . N m
9550

KW
KW
N.m.
N.m.
KW

W J
= Nm/N

N =
Nm =
=
s
t =

N
Nm
N
N
N
1 2 s = m
N1
N2
N3
N
N

t = 1 2 3 s
T1
Tm =
t t
T .N
P1 = 1
9550
P
T1 . N
Pm = 1 =
t
9550 t

N.m.
KW
KW
K ( T1)

- -

W E

Pm =

F1 v
2 1000

KW
W E

Pm =

Q . .g .h

KW

Q = ELF
=E LF
g = ELF

h = EFH
W E

Q = ELF
p = ELZF

Pm =

Q p
1000

KW

W
1710380-V W J

78% 1410K 78

W 82%75%

- -

The output power of the motor

T1 N
78 1410
Pm =
=
= 14 .76
9550
9550 0 .78
T1
78
Tm =
=
= 82 .5
1710

0 .78
1410
P
14 .76
The input power to the motor Pin = m =
= 19 .635
m
0 .75
Pin = 3 V I cos
19635
I =
= 36 .5
3 380 0 .82

KW

N.m.
KW

Amp.

85% 82% 380-V W J

30 m. 5000 Kg. 48%

s
30
=
= 1 .0
t
0 . 5 60
F1 . v
5000 9 . 81 1 . 0
Pm =
= 51 . 1
=
2 1000
2000 0 . 48
P
Pin = m = 3 V I cos
m
51 . 1 1000
I =
= 111 . 5
3 380 0 . 85 0 . 82
v =

m/sec.
KW
KW
Amp.

- -

88% 220-V W J

18 1575%
K85%

Q g h
15 9 . 81 1 18
= 1 . 155
=
60 60 (0 . 85 0 . 75 )
t
P
1 . 155
Pin = m =
= 1 . 312
m
0 . 88
1 . 312 1000
The motor current I =
= 5 . 96
220
Pm =

KW

KW
Amp.

80% 85% 380-V W J

25 10065%
W80

Q p
100 25
=
= 0 . 065
1000
60 1000 0 . 65
P
0 . 065
Pin = m =
= 0 . 0765
m
0 . 85
Pm
0 . 0765 1000
I =
=
= 0 . 145
3 V cos
3 380 0 . 8
Pm =

KW
KW
Amp.

K
- -

:
v (m/sec.) W

KE JF
Z
EJd=F
1
1
1
1
1
J d 2m = J m 2m + J 1 12 + J 2 22 + m v 2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Jd = Jm
where

v
J
J

+ 12 + 22 + m
1
2

1 = m
2 = m
,
1
2

(Jdm2/2)
2

(GD ) K

K K

E JF

G(Jmm2/2)
KmD
En
- -

1
m v
=
2

1
=
2

1
G
D N
=

2
g
60

2
m

1
J
=
2

2 N

60

GD2 = 4 g Jm

(G D )
2

Jd =

4g

(G D )
2

J1 =

4g

Jm =
J2 =

(G D )
2

4g

(G D )
2

4g

WGD2W

1
1
J 2m =
m v2
2
2
2
1 (GD ) 2
1 W
m =
v2
2 4g
2 g
W v2
W v2
(GD ) = 4 2 = 4
2
m
2N m

60
W v2
2
(GD ) = 365 2
Nm
2

(GD )
2

= (GD

(
W v 2 (GD 2 )1
GD 2 )2
+
+
+ 365
N 2m
12
22

- -

100050 KWW J

(GD )
2

Jm =

4 g
2 Nm
m =
60
1
En =
J m 2m
2

10 Kg.m2

10
= 0 . 2548
4 9 . 81
2 1000
= 104 . 72
=
60
1
2
=
0 . 2548 (104 . 72 ) = 1396
2

E n = 1396 9 . 81 = 13695

Kg.m.sec.2
rad/sec.
Kg.m
Joules=
watt .sec.

82%60 Hz3000-V W J
K1.5 m/sec. 6000 Kg.

80%

Ns =

60 f
60 60
=
= 1200
p
3

The motor torque = Tm = 9 . 55

r.p.m.
F1 v
c N m

6000 9 . 81 1 . 5
= 878 . 33
0 . 8 1200
2 Nm
2 1200
Pm = m T m =
878 . 33 = 110370
Tm =
60
60
Pm
110370
The line current = I L =
=
= 25 . 9
3 V cos
3 3000 0 . 82
I
25 . 9
= 15
The phase current = I ph = L =
3
3
= 9 . 55

N.m.
W
Amp.
Amp.

3 W J

W K0.9m/sec.
- -

720 K 60 K 10
K1.0

2 N 1
2 N 1 D1
r=

60
60
2
60 v 1
60 0 . 9
N1 =
=
= 17 . 18
D1
1 .0
N
720
1 = m =
= 41 . 9
N 1 17 . 18

(
W v2
GD 2 )1
2
2
(GD )d = (GD )m + 365 2 +
Nm
12

v1 = r =

3000 (0 . 9 )
= 1 . 1 10 + 365
+
(720 )2
= 11 + 1 . 71 + 0 . 034 = 12 . 744
2

rpm

60
(41 . 9 )2

Kg.m2

WK

Tst=EKF

T1= EKF
Nm=EF
tst=EF

9 . 81 GD 2 N
m

d
t =
st
375 T T
st
1

sec.

- -

tst12

:N2N1

9.81 GD 2 (N 2 N 1 )

d
t
=
sec.
st12

375 T T
1
st

Pm
m =

(GD )
2

36 . 5

. m
2

1
N mo

Pm
100

sec.

KNmo
26 30 39 W J

700100

12
K

v 69 = ( 30 + 39 ) W
W 100
2

100
69000

W v2
60
2

(GD )L = 365 2 = 365

= 142 . 4
(700 )2
Nm
(GD 2 )d = (GD 2 )m + (GD 2 )L
= 1 . 1 12 + 142 . 5 = 155 . 6
T Nm
Pm = 26 KW = m
9550
9550 26
= 355
Tm =
700
- -

Kg.m2

Kg.m2

N.m.

9 . 81 (GD 2 )d N m
9 . 81 155 . 6 700
t st =
=
= 8 . 02
375 ( Tst T1 )
375 (710 355 )
Tst = 2 355 = 710

Sec.
N.m.

700 8.02

(100/60)

(50/60)

h = 8 . 02

50
= 6 .7
60

m.

KZ
W
W J
KW J
W J
W J

KW

KW J
W J
W J
W J
KW J
1728380-V W J

75% 1440 K 90

W80%85%

- -

80% 85% 420-V W J

25 m. 4000 Kg. 52%

30

KK

88% 230-V W J

15 18 72%
K80%

5 W J

W K1.2m/sec.

720 K 80 K 12
K0.8

30 40 35 W J
720 90

1.8K

12

- -

KW

W
W

K J

K J
K J

W

W

W
K

--

W
W

W .

W .
W

W .

W E

K
K

--

W E
W

W E

E JF

N2 N1K

E JFT2T1

K
K

E JF

K T2 T1
K

--

W E

N
N

1
and T I a2
Ia
1
T

The power output T . N T .

(3 =1.73)

W E

W E
K

W E

W E
K

W E

K
K
--

W E

W (

W K

KKKKKKKKKKKK

K
K

--

K J

K
K

--

W
W J
KW J

W J
KW J
WKKKKKKKKKKKW J

--

KW

W
W
K J
K J

W

W
K

--

W
K

W K
K

KK

W(T/Ia) E
( Ia) K( T Ia. )
(T Ia2)

KE JF OA

E JFAB(T Ia) K
--

W(N/Ia) E

N E/

E = V - Ia( Ra+Rse)
EEFE

N 1/ 1/Ia
K

KE JF

W(T/N) E
K E JF

K
K

E JF

W
K

--

K
K
K

W K

K
K(t = sh + se)

(t = sh + se)(TIa .t)W(T/Ia) (

KE JF

(t = sh + se) (N E/t) W(N/Ia) E

WKE JF

K
--

W(T/N) E
KE JF

K
K

E JF

WEF

(t = sh - se)

W(T/Ia) E

KE JF

W(N/Ia) E
E JF

--

KE JFW(T/N) E
K

KW

E JF

W E
K

K
--

KE JF

E JF

10%

K 90%

E
W

V = E + Ia (Ra+Rse)
E = K . . N

KN K
K

KEF

--

K E

KK

(Compensating Winding)K

KEF

K
K

--

(300 to 400-V)

25Hz 16Hz

K K

E F (E=0)

K

W E

W
T =

K .s. R 2
W
2
R + (sX 2 )
2
2

KK X2R2s
E JF

--

(s=0)

R 22 (sX2)2

(T s) R2 T = K

s
R2

K

s =

R2

X2

K
R 22 (sX2)2

R2

1
2
T (sX2) R 22
s

--

W J

K 50-Km/h 20000-N
80%500-V

Power required P (W ) = F ( N ) v (m / sec . )

50 1000
1
P = 20000

= 277 . 8
60 60
1000
P
277 . 8
Pin = o =
= 347 . 2

0 .8
P
347 . 2 1000
The motor current = in =
= 694 . 4
Volt
500

KW
KW
Amp.

4000-KgW J

K5000-Kg50-km/h
W
K
P = 4000 9 . 81

50 1000
1

= 545
60 60
1000

545 1000
= 730 . 6
746
In the case of DC series motor

P =

KW
H.P.

P T
5000
= 816 . 8
The power required = 730 . 6
4000
In the case of 3 phase induction motor P T
5000
= 925
The power required = 730 . 6
4000

H.P.

H.P.

K
W
--

W J
W J
W J
W J
W J
LW J

33800-N W J

K
53400-N48.3-km/h
K
JK JW

--

W
W

K J
K J

K J
K J

K J
W
W
K

--

K

K

--

K
W
K

W
K

K
K

--

700 V600 VW E

3000 V1500 V

(Trolleybus) K
K10%

50 40 5 3
K

K132110

161511W E
K25
6050

F
KE

400 300
K

25 16

K 8050
K

W E
16Hz 3.3KV

KK
--

Ft
Ft

Ft = Fa + Fr

Ft = Fa + FrFg

Fa
Fr
Fg

W
WmFa

Fa = m . a= (W/g). aNewton

20% 10% me KKK

Fa = me . a= (We/g). aNewton
L

WLL

Fa = ( 1000 me ) x ( 1000/3600 ) = 277.8me. a Newton

--

W
W

KKK

KK

(N/t)Lr

Fr = m (tones) x r (Newton/tones) = m . r

Newton

Fg = W sin = m .g . sin

E JF C
C% =( Y/X). 100 = 100 sin
Fg = 1000 m .g. C/100 = 98.1 m. C

Km

E JF

:
Ft = Fa + FrFg
Ft = 277.8me. aH m. r 98.1 m. C

--

CLL

KLr
Fg = 0.0

Lv

Po = Ft . v

watt

Po = Ft . (1000/3600) v = Ft . v /3600
k watt

Pm = Po/= Ft . v/ 3600
k watt

L 2 1: 250 240W J

KL60L
50N/t K
a = 2 Km / h / sec .
m e = 1 . 1 240 = 264

K10%

m = 240 tonne

tonne

1
100 = 0 . 4 %
250
The tractive effort required for train
Ft = 277 . 8 m e . a + m . r + 98 . 1 m . C
Ft = 277 . 8 264 2 + 240 50 + 98 . 1 240 0 . 4 = 168096
The tractive power required for train
F .v
168096 60
Po = t
=
= 2802
3600
3600
r = 50 N / t

C =

N
KW

--

K Tm

WKLNNm

TmEKF
T
F1
Ft
Nm
N

d2/d1
d1, d2 L

E JF

--

d1
2 Tm
or
F1 =
2
d1
D
d
2 T
2T
T = Ft = F1 2 or Ft =
and F1 =
2
2
D
d2
d
Ft = F1 2
D
2 Tm d 2
T
d
Ft = F1 2 =
=2 m
d1
D
D
D

Tm = F1

Ft =a. W

W a

KZ
Ft =a. W= a . m . g

Ft =1000 9.81 a . m = 9810 a . m

Newton

250W J

KL 42 20 1: 80
40N/t 92% 3.5

KK9210%

v
42
=
= 2 .1
t
20
m e = 1 .1 250 = 275
1
C = 100 = 1 .25 %
80
Ft = 277 .8 m e . a + m . r + 98 .1 m . C
Ft = 277 .8 275 2 .1 + 250 40 + 98 .1 250 1 .25 = 201054 .5
T
F D 201054 .5 0 .92
Ft = 2 m
or Tm = t
=
= 28722
D
2
2 0 .92 3 .5
Torque / motor = 28722 / 4 = 7180
a =

Km/h/sec.
tonne

N
N.m.
N.m.

--

8000 250W J
30: 1000

10% 50N/t 90% 3.5

80 K 90

85%3000-VL
K

Ft = 2

Tm
8000 4
= 2 0 .9 3 .5
= 224000
D
0 .9

30
100 = 3 %
1000
Ft = Fa + Fr + Fg
Ft = Fa + m . r + 98 .1 m . C
224000 = Fa + 250 50 + 98 .1 250 3 = Fa + 86075
Fa = 224000 86075 = 137925
Fa = 277 .8 m e a = 137925
137925
137925
a=
=
= 1 .8
277 .8 m e 277 .8 1.1 250
Time taken to achieve a speed of 80 Km / h.
v 80
t = =
= 44 .44
a 1 .8
1000
Ft v

3600

Power taken by motors =

=

C=

1000 80
= 224000
= 5856

3600 0.85
5856000
Total current taken =
= 1952
3000
Current / motor = 1952 / 4 = 488

--

N
N
N
Km/h/sec.

sec.

KW

Amp.
Amp.

W
W

F
K

5 3W

KW

K 4030
K

KLL

L K
W

EF

K
L

KE JF

--

OA W(0 to t1) K
K

ABW(t1 to t2) K
K

W(t2 to t3) K
BC

W(t3 to t4) K

CD
EF

EF W(t4 to t5) EF K
DE

E JF

--

L E JF

L E JF
K

L J

EFKEF

WL
K:(crest speed)

Z :(average speed)

:(schedule speed)

KL

KEHFLZ

--

L
L

E JF

WE JFK

L
LL a t1

b EF t3

S2 Vm W t2

KS1LVm
KS3 LL

{t2 = T - ( t1+ t3 )} t2 T

a =

Vm
t1

or

t1 =

Vm
a

and

S1 =

1
t1
Vm
2
3600

Km

b =

Vm
t3

or

t3 =

Vm
b

and

S3 =

1
t3
Vm
2
3600

Km

KSE JFOABC

--

S = area OABC
S = area OAD + area ABED + area BCE
S = S1 + S 2 + S 3
t
1
t
t
1
S = Vm 1 + Vm 2 + Vm 3
2
3600
3600 2
3600
t
1
t
V
1
S = Vm 1 + m [T (t 1 + t 3 )] + Vm 3
2
3600 3600
2
3600
t V
V t
1

= m 1 + T t 1 t 3 + 3 = m T ( t 1 + t 3 )
3600 2
2 3600
2

V 1 1
V
S = m T m +
2 a b
3600
1 1 1 a + b
Let K = + =
2 a b 2a b
V
or 3600 S = Vm (T K . Vm )
S = m (T K . Vm )
3600
K . Vm2 Vm . T + 3600 . S = 0
T
T 2 4 K 3600 S
Vm =
2 K
Taking the nagative sign only
T
T 2 4 K 3600 S
Vm =
2 K
1
Vm =
T
T 2 14400 K . S
2K

Km.
Km.

Km/h

Km/h
Km/h

2 L 36 W J
LL 1.8K25

KEFLL 3.6

L
S = area OABC

KK

--

Va = 36
a = 1 .8

b = 3 .6
distance between stops
average speed =
actual time of run
2
2
36 =
or T =
= 0 .0555 Hr = 0 .0555 3600 = 200
T
36
a + b
1 .8 + 3 .6
K=
= 0 .4167
=
2 . a . b 2 1 .8 3 .6
1
T T 2 14400 K S
Vm =
2.K
1
2
200 (200 ) 14400 0 .4167 2 = 39 .6
Vm =
2 0 .4167
distance between stops
Schedule speed =
actual time of run + stop time
2
=
= 32
( 200 + 25 ) / 3600
and

Km/h
Km/h/sec.

sec.

Km/h

Km/h

2.5L 40 W J
LL 2.2K 25

KEFLL 3.5

L
a = 2 . 2 Km / h / sec

Schedule

speed

KKK

and
b = 3 . 5 Km / h / sec .
distance
between
stops
=
actual time of run + stop time

2 .5
T + t
2 .5
T+t=
= 0 . 0626
40
T = 225 25 = 200
40 =

Hr = 0 . 0625 3600 = 225

sec.
sec.

--

a + b
2 .2 + 3 .5
=
= 0 . 37
2 .a .b
2 2 .2 3 .5
1
Vm =
T T 2 14400 K S
2.K
1
2
Vm =
200 (200 ) 14400 0 . 37 2 .5 = 49 . 3
2 0 .37
To draw the speed time curve , find :
V
49 .3
t1 = m =
= 22 .4
a
2 .2
49 .3
V
= 14 .1
t3 = m =
b
3 .5
t 2 = T ( t 1 + t 3 ) = 200 ( 22 .4 14 .1 ) = 163 . 5
distance between stops (Km)
average speed =
actual time of run (Hr)
2 .5
=
= 45
200 / 3600
K =

--

Km/h

sec.
sec.
sec.

Km/h

W K

K K

K K
K K
K K

W K

K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL K

K K

K K
K K

K K

KKKKKKKKKKKKKK K

K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKL90 490 K
KLKKKKKKK

K 25 &50000 K
K 25&490000 K

--

K25&490 K

K324& 50 K

WL K
K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKK K
K K

K K
K K
K K

K K

KKKKKKKKK K
K K

K K

K K
K K

--

W
W J
K W J
L W J
K W
W J
K

WW J
L 1.8 1 : 200 260W J

KL70L
50N/tK

K 15%

1: 100 250W J

3.2 KL 45 20

10% 40N/t92%
K K92

L 0.8 1:100 400 W J

KK0.25KL

K 10%60N/t

2 L 40 W J
LL1.8K 30

KEFLL 3.5

K K

--

KEFW
W
W

K J
K J

K J
K J
W

W
K

--

(Potential Energy) K

(Kinetic Energy)

EF

WEF

KEF
KEF

WEF
K

E
F
K

--

W
K K

K K

K K

K
KW
Regenerative Braking

W K

E F

F
KE

--

215-V 220-V W J
0.04 1150-rpm.

K( 19 Kg.m2 )
K

K( 19 Kg.m2 )

E1 N1
=
where 1 for the motor case , 2 for the generator case
E2 N2
E .I
E .I
T = 1 a1 = 2 a 2
1
2
2 N1 1

I a 2 = T 2 = T 1 = 19 9 . 81

E2
E1
60
E1
2 1150
1
I a 2 = 19 9 . 81

= 104 . 4
60
215
E 2 = V + I a 2 R a = 220 + 104 . 4 0 . 04 = 224 . 17
E
224 . 17
N 2 = N 1 2 = 1150
= 1200
E1
215

Dynamic Braking

N.m.
Amp.
Amp.
Volt
rpm

W K

E JFK

--

E JF

0.38 230-V15W J

K 54 Amp.

1.750.9
K

The back e.m.f. = 0 .9 230 = 207

The maximum braking current = 1 .75 54 = 94 .5
207
The total resistance = R a + R =
= 2 .19
94 .5
The additional resistance = 2 .19 0 .38 = 1 .81

Volt
Amp.

E JF K
(a)

(C)(b)

--

E JF

K
Reverse Current Braking or Plugging W K

E F

--

E JF

EFEF

E JF
18.4 220 W J

EF600

WK0.195

K130

T I
Full load torque
Initial braking Torque

Full load current

Initial braking current
--

2N
2 600
=
= 62 . 8
60
60

rad/sec.

P
18 .4 1000
=
= 293
62 .8

130
The initial braking torque = 293
= 401
95
E b = V I a . R a = 220 95 0 .1 = 210 .5
The voltage across the armature at the instant
of braking = V + E b
= 220 + 210 .5 = 430 .5
The resistance required in the armature circuit to limit the
430 .5
= 3 .312
current to 130 ampere =
130

The full load torque =

N.m.

Volt

Volt

When the speed has fallen to its full load value, the back e.m.f. also
210 . 5
Volt
= 105 . 25
Falls to half of its original value i.e. =
2
220 + 105 . 25
= 98 . 2
The Current =
Amp.
3.3123
The electric braking Torque at half full speed
98 . 2
N.m.
= 293
= 302 N .m
95

200 400 W J

600 0.1

WEF

K300

--

K
The full load current = I a = 200
Amp.
The terminal Voltage = V = 220
Volt
E b = V I a . R a = 400 200 0 .1 = 380
Volt
The volage across the armatrue at the instant of
Volt
braking = V + E b = 400 + 380 = 780

The rasistance required in the armature to limit the current to 300

780
ampere =
= 2 .6
300
The external resistance required in the armature
circuit = 2 .6 0 .1 = 2 .5
T Ia
Full load torque
Full load current
=
Initial braking Torque
Initial braking current
2N
=
= 62 . 8
60
P E b . I a 380 200
The full load torque =
=
=
= 1209 . 2

62 . 8

300
The initial braking torque = 1209 . 2
= 1815 . 3
200
When the speed has fallen to half of its initial value, the back e.m.f.
380
= 190
also falls to half of its original value i.e. =
2
4 00 + 190
The current =
= 226 . 92
2.6
The electric braking torque at half full load
226 . 92
speed = 1209 . 2
= 1371 . 96
200

--

rad/sec.
N.m.
N.m.
Volt
Amp.
N.m.

KW
Regenerative BrakingW

EF

Rheostatic orDC Dynamic Braking W

--

Reverse Current Braking or PluggingW

KE JF

BCK ( 2 p.u. ) ( Ns + N 2Ns )

AC

E JF

--

W
KEFW J
W W J

W J

KW

W J

W J
K

0.38 240-V 25W J

K 90 amp.

1.6 0.95

( Ans. Rad = 1.2 )K

0.2 400 25 W J

74.6%450

WEF

Ei

(Ans. 6.1)K
(Ans. 1028 N.m.)K Eii
(Ans. 522 N.m.)K Eiii

--

245-V 250-V W J

200 0.05 1200-rpm.

KN.m

(Ans. Nb= 1250 r.p.m.)K

--

KW
W

W

K J

K J
K J
K J

W
W
K

- -

K
K
K

K
K

W E
K K
K
KKKKK

K K
K K
K K

- -

W E
K K
K K
K K
K K
W E
K K
K K
W E
K K

- -

W E

K
W E

W E

W
K

: W E
K

W K
K

- -

Ei

W Eii
K

W E
W

Ei

K
K

W Eii

WV Eiii
V
K

W Eiv

W Ev

- -

WW E
K
K
K

K
W E

W E

W E

KE JF

- -

W E

E F

E JF

W E

EF

( To )K

( Ta ) ( Ts )

K ( Ta = To + Ts min. )

( To/Ts )

KE JF

W E

KE JF

W E
K( JF

- -

- -

W
W
Ei
K

K Eii

K
W E
K
W

K Ei
W

- -

Eii

W
W J
KW J
JW J
W J
W J
W J
W J
W J

- -

KK
KKK

KKK
K

Electric Motors and Drives Fundamentals, A. Hughes, Heinemann Newnes, 1990.

Electric Drives: Concepts and Applications, V. Subrahmanyam, McGraw-Hill, 1990.
Utilisation of Electric Power & Electric Traction, G. C. Garg, KHANNA
PUBLISHERS DELHI, 1988.

..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
- -................................................................................................................. W
- -.................................................................................................................
- -.......................................................................................................................................... 1)
- -...............................................................................................................................W E
- -................................................................................................................................................ W E

- -................................................................................................... WL E
- -........................................................................................ W E
- -..................................................................................................... W E
- -................................................................................................................. EF 2)

- -.............................................................................................................................. W
- -...............................................................................................................WEF E
- -.............................................................................................................. WEF E
- -...................................................... WEF E
- -....................................................................................................... W
- -..................................................................................................................................... W
- -....................................................................................................... W
- - ................................................................................................................................ :
- - ..................................................................................................... W
- - .................................................................................................. W
- - ...................................................................................... W
- - ....................................................................................... W E
- - ............................................................................................ W E
- - ....................................................................................... W E
- - .................................................................................................. W
. ! ......................................................... :
- - ............................................................................................................... W
- - .................................................................................................................................. W
.................................................................................................W
.............................................................................................. W
.............................................................................................................................. W 1.
...................................................................................................................................... W 2.

................................................................................................................................... W 3.
.................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................ W
................................................................................................................................................. W
................................................................................................ W
...............................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. W 1.
............................................................................................................................... W 2.
.........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................... W 2)
....................................................................................................................................... W
............................................................................................................................... W
..........................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................. Ft
.............................................................................................................................. W

............................................................................................ W

..............................................................................................W
...............................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................... L
...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... W
................................................................................................................... W
......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................... KW
.......................................................................................... Regenerative BrakingW 1.

................................................................................................... Dynamic BrakingW 2.

........................................ Reverse Current Braking or Plugging W 3.

............................................................................................................... KW
........................................................................................ Regenerative BrakingW

.................................... Rheostatic orDC Dynamic Braking W

............................................. Reverse Current Braking or PluggingW

. ! .......................... W
....................................................................................................................................... W

- - ..................................................................................................... W
- - ............................................................................................
- - ............................................................................................................................. W 1)
- - ........................................................................................................................... W 2)
- - ............................................................................................................ W 3)

- - ...................................................................................................................................... W 4)

- - ................................................................................................................................. W 1)
- - ............................................................................................................................. W 2)
- - ....................................................................................................................... W 3)
- - .......................................................................... W E
- - .............................................................................. W E

- - ......................................................................................................................................... W 4)
- - ............................................................................................................................................ W
.............................................................................................................................................................