CONGENITAL DEFECTS IN

STRUCTURES
Dr.P.Rathish Kumar
Department of Civil Engineering
NIT Warangal

CHAJJAS

Simplest structure-First to deteriorate and rebars corrode

first
Lack of compaction and supervisors attention-Cantilever
steel at the bottom-Free end of the bar to be bent in LShape
Micro-cracks develop at A and B due to the absence of
steel, cantilever moment and bad compaction
No provision of drip mould-corrosion of rebarsparticularly when steel goes to the bottom
Less longitudinal steel provision and cantilever moment
unchecked

SLENDER COLUMN

Areas of seismicity or coastal areas-Lateral forces

induce high flexural stresses-Lead to
microcracking.
Depth of carbonation about 25mm common
Core minimum 200mm to cater for flexural and
torsional stresses
Stability and durability to withstand weathering
action

SLENDER COLUMN

FLAT/HIDDEN BEAMS

Not following structural grid-Location of line

load-may be due to partition wall
Provision of hidden beam providing additional
reinforcement other than slab reinforcement
Presumption is slab will carry line load in elastoplastic state
Increased ductility in narrow width-More
deflection locally
Result-cracks parallel to the strip due to load
Cosmetic repairs-to cover cracks

IMPERFECT FRAMES

High rise structures-better grid module

Idea will be to provide largest built up area within FSI
Column 6D omitted for access to balcony-thrust on 6D
5D-7D suffer flexural, shear, torsion and Horz,lateral
thrust
Balcony slab connection-Torsion on beam across
Crack between beam and wall on exterior side over the
balcony
Development length of reinforcement of balcony slab

TORSIONAL DISTRESS

Idea will be to cater to maximum floor space

at every level
Properly designed-Expensive
CG and CR does not coincide
Outer columns-subjected to torsional stress
3D-analysis is important

CONCLUSIONS

Birth of healthy structures to prevent uneconomic

and premature repair within its useful life
Original planning and design-built in durability
Financial consequences.

THANK YOU