..

Mean Mode Median S.D.

(
)



Ho Null Hypothesis

=
Ha Alternative Hypothesis

> <

Ha

(


)

t-test

30

(
)

 t-test
One sample t-test

TOEFL

Independent-Samples t-test


Paired-samples t-test

F-test (One-Way Analysis of

Variance)

3
3 treatment 2
treatment 1

3

Post-Hoc test

Multivariate Analysis:
(1) ANCOVA
ANOVA Univariate

CO Covariance
Covariate Variable

dummy variable
(1,0 = 1
= 0
)

(2) MANOVA
ANOVA Multivariate

M Multivariate
1


3

(3) MANCOVA
MANOVA

( )


ANCOVA

Chi-squared Test




5

n cell 5

(Association)
Contingency Coefficient: C)

Pearson Correlation

-1 1

t

Partial correlation
Collinearity
Multicollinearity Multiple Regression
(Cut point 0.5 0.65 0.75)

Factors Analysis, Discriminant Analysis

Inferential Statistics

PATH ANALYSIS
(SEM)

Simple Regression Analysis

Causal Relationships
-Positivism
Cause----- Consequence
Cause--- Effect
-

(Basic Econometrics)

 n 30


True Direct Real Effect


dummy variable
F, R-squared
1

Multiple Regression
Analysis: MRA
Causal Relationships


when everything being equals

dummy
variable
Basic assumption (
)
PRF SRF
1 30

Constrained Model Unconstrained Model (F-Ratio test)
R-squared Change

MRA: Method

Enter
Forward
Backward
Remove
Stepwise
?

Logistic Regression Analysis

Causal Relationship

1= 0=
Binomial Bi = nominal
Dichotomous outcome variable

Non-linear probability model
Linear probability model
Chi-squared test, Model Chi-squared
Restricted Model Unrestricted Model
Log likelihood Ratio test: LR test
Adjusted Proportional Probabilities
computer