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Fitness and Exercise Spaces PDF
Fitness and Exercise Spaces PDF
Guidance Note
Updated
2008
Guidance
Fitness and
Exercise
Spaces
March Revision 002
Design
Guidance Note
1.0 Introduction
The concept of providing purpose designed
indoor spaces for fitness and exercise, is
widespread in England. Perhaps a modern day
response to the sedentary lifestyle and time
pressures that our technological age has
created, such facilities enjoy a strong market that
seems to be constantly developing and
diversifying. The forms and designs can be
extremely varied and are often enhanced with
strong branding with the addition of music and
plasma screens.
Design
Guidance Note
4.3 Studios
Contents
1.0
Introduction
2.0
General
3.0
Spinning
Pilates
Yoga
Kickboxing
Dance Aerobics
4.0
5.0
Vibration training
PC/Games Console linked equipment
Group cross-training
Personal trainers
Stretch and conditioning
Elite training
Children and youth gyms
Youth zones
Mobile gyms
Appendix 1
Environmental Requirements
Audio, Visual and Electrical Equipment
Lighting
Glossary of Terms
Facility Planning
Building Services
6.0
Studio Formats
o
Multi-purpose exercise studios
o
Dance studios
o
Spinning studios
o
Yoga and Pilates studios
o
Martial Arts studios
Studio Shape
Typical Usage
Storage Allocation
Studio Design and Finishes
o
Daylight and views
o
Floors
o
Walls
o
Mirrors
o
Ceilings
o
Acoustics
Aerobics
Cardiovascular
Cross training
Fitness Gym
Fitness program
Free weights
Health and Fitness Suite
Pilates
Resistance
Group exercise bikes
Strength and Conditioning
Stretching area
Studios
Design
Guidance Note
2.0 General
Location and Site Planning
Prior to designing a health & fitness facility, the
proposed site location and development should
be assessed in terms of catchment area,
potential market and target user demographics.
Design
Guidance Note
Accommodation
facility
Crche
Squash courts
Tennis courts
Reception
Office
Changing Rooms
accessible facilities)
Fitness Gym
Studio(s)
Plant Room
Storage
&
Toilets
(including
Design
Guidance Note
Design
Guidance Note
Design
Guidance Note
Staff Training
Marketing
Policies and Procedures
Sport England and the IFI has been working in
partnership with a number of fitness equipment
manufacturers for more than five years to ensure
that the equipment available on the market is as
inclusive as current technology and development
will permit.
Facility Accessibility
Fitness Equipment Specification
tender
Design
Guidance Note
An aerobics class
Consideration should be
given to whether each new
trend is likely to last long
enough to be worth the
investment.
Design
Guidance Note
Elite training
Professional sportsmen & athletes may
require dedicated specialist gyms during
training. These may be linked to specific
sports clubs or university facilities.
In addition to typical fitness gyms, more
specialised facilities are available offering
medical and training support to national and
international athletes.
Force plates may be used to test various
aspects of an athletes performance. The
force plates are set into the floor, and the
athlete performs various activities with the
results analysed by computer.
The results of the testing can be utilised to
design specific training programs tailored for
each athletes specific needs and subsequent
monitoring and performance testing.
Design
Guidance Note
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Design
Guidance Note
Youth Zones
Mobile Gyms
As a new way of bringing fitness to all, mobile
gyms have been introduced to the market. A
large mobile articulated trailer is set up
internally as a mobile fitness gym delivering,
in many cases, a free gym experience to
more inaccessible and under provided areas.
The trailers hold enough cardio vascular and
resistance equipment for a basic work out
and remain in one place for a period of time
attracting new fitness gym users, GP
referrals, and those who cannot reach a
regular club
Throwing
balls
at,
or
hitting
electronically sensitive panels and lights
creating sounds, visual effects and
scores. This can be done on an
individual level, beating the previous
score, or in teams against others.
PC/Games Console
vascular equipment.
linked
cardio-
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Design
Guidance Note
12
4.0
Facility Planning
4.1
General Areas
Design
Guidance Note
Electronic tills.
Telecoms/Fax equipment
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Design
Guidance Note
Caf or Lounge
Changing Rooms
Changing room capacities and sizes need to be
calculated to meet the likely normal maximum
occupancy level and patterns of use. The centre
operator may also hold historic data on typical
club usage which can be utilised. Each facility
will require an individual assessment of capacity
and layout, however as a guide the following
assumptions may be considered:
Fitness gym:
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Design
Guidance Note
Changing areas
Toilets
Shower areas
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Design
Guidance Note
Record
card
storage
(manual
or
computerised systems are used). The cards
record each users fitness program and
should be accessible directly by both user
and trainer.
Storage for
literature.
promotional
or
information
Space Allocation
Adequate space allocation is important to
ensure the required range of equipment and
facilities is accommodated. Calculation of the
total area and capacity of the fitness gym
should be based upon a floor area of 5m2 per
piece of equipment. This includes an allowance
for circulation space around the equipment.
The equipment mix will depend upon the target
market.
Information Area
Assessment Rooms
Telecom/computer equipment
Information board
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Design
Guidance Note
Cardiovascular area
Stretch Area
(Refer to glossary for definition)
The stretch area should be the first and last area
to be used, for warming up and stretching limbs
before moving onto other equipment, and
warming down afterwards. It should be located
near to the fitness gym entrance to promote its
use.
The stretch area should be supplied with vinyl
covered padded floor matting and wall mounted
mirrors.
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Cross trainers
Bicycles
Step machines
Rowing machines
Design
Guidance Note
All upright
accredited
and
recumbent
cycles
IFI
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Design
Guidance Note
Power &
data
required
Rowers
Yes
Recumbent bikes
Yes
Upright bikes
Yes
Treadmills
Yes
Yes
Steppers
Yes
Spinning bikes
No
Chest press
Resistance Area
Shoulder press
Seated row
Resistance Area
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Design
Guidance Note
Part 2: 2003
Part 4:1996
Part 5:1996
Part 6:2001
Part:7:1998
Part 8:1998
Part 9:2003.
Part 10:2005.
Part 1: 2005
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The
equipment,
the
supplier
and
manufacturer should be well known and
recognised in the fitness industry, with a good
reputation for reliability, life of equipment,
maintenance and suitability for intended use.
Consider also the period that the
manufacturer has been established.
Design
Guidance Note
and warnings.
Space Requirements
Type of Space
Circulation
Resistance area
2m/machine
1.5m/machine
2.0m/machine
2.5m/machine
3.5m/machine
2 x machine footprint
Stretch Area
2.0m/person
2.5 m/person
N/A
Spinning Room
1.0m/machine
1.5m/machine
Circulation includes the area immediately around the machine and the minimum aisle width to access the machine, but does
not include the general circulation of the room.
Type of Space
Storage Details
Area
Critical Height
Fitness gym
Equipment spares
20 m minimum
2 m minimum
5 m preferred
N/A
Machines awaiting
repair
Tools & cleaning
equipment
Promotional materials
Small valuables e.g.
stopwatch
Spinning room
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Design
Guidance Note
22
Design
Guidance Note
Floors
The floor structure must be able to resist high
dead loads imposed by the equipment, along
with the potential for high live loads from:
Users
Drink spillage.
leaking
from
exercise
Walls
Finishes should take account of the ease of
cleaning and maintenance. Scuffing of walls by
moving equipment and users may be a
particular issue.
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Design
Guidance Note
Mirrors
Mirrors can serve to create the illusion of space
and reflect natural light back into the space.
Continuous mirrors should be provided in
required zones.
The mirrors should be a
minimum of 2m high and meet with British
Standard BS 6262. Mirrors should be securely
fixed above skirting level, to avoid impact from
loose weights or cleaning equipment.
Large continuous mirrors should not be directly
fixed to walls but be fixed onto a rigid plywood
backing board to avoid distortion. Point fixing
mirrors should be avoided; stress points can
cause failure of the glass. Mirrors should be
bonded to their backing board or mounted onto
a metal carrier frame.
design
4.3 Studios
The number of studios and the size of each
studio required will be determined by:
Ceilings
Fitness gym ceilings can substantially contribute
to the appearance and atmosphere of the fitness
gym. The ceiling can be a combination of the
following:
Studio Formats
Multi-Purpose Exercise Studios
Studios will be required to include for movement
& exercise activities e.g.: aerobics, keep fit,
circuit training, yoga, Pilates and boxing
aerobics.
The following table gives minimum dimensions
and heights for a range of exercise types.
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Exercise Type
Dimensions
LxWxH
Movement
(Small Groups)
12 x 9.1 x 4.5m
Rhythmic
Gymnastics
14 x 14 x 9 - 15m
Movement
(Average Groups)
12 - 15 x 12 x 4.5m
Movement
(Large Groups)
21 - 24 x 12 x 6.1m
Design
Guidance Note
exercises
Spinning Studios
Spinning classes generate substantial noise and
activity disruptive to other users.
Spinning
should therefore be separated from the main
gym and held in a separate studio.
Dance Studios
The following table gives minimum dimensions
and heights for a range of dance types.
Dance Type
Dimensions
LxWxH
9 x 9 x 3.5 - 4.5m
12 - 15 x 12 15 x
4.5m
15 x 17 x 5m
21 - 24 x 12 x 6.1m
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Dimmable lighting
Design
Guidance Note
privacy.
Martial Arts
Major clubs and training for national competition
may require a dedicated martial arts facility,
designed to meet the particular needs of the
relevant martial arts governing body. These
facilities are beyond the range of this guide.
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Design
Guidance Note
Area/Mat size
Dimensions
Safety Zone
Aikido
9m x 9m
11m x 12m
3m high
14m x 8m x 3m high
Judo
6m x 6m (junior)
3m on all sides
10m-12m x
10m-12m
4m high
8m x 8m (senior)
3m on all sides
12m-14m x
12m-14m
4m high
Jujitsu
18.4 - 20m x
18.4 -2 0m
3m high
Karate
10m x 10m
12m x 13m
3.5m high
Kendo
9 x 9 m - 11m x 11m
(no matting)
16m x 17m
4.5m high
Taekwondo
8m x 8m
2m on each side
10m x 10m
3.5m high
Tang Soo Do
8m x 8m combat area,
10m x 10m total mat area
3 4m on each side
14-16m x 14-16m
3.5m
Typical Usage
Studio classes may be booked as:
Per session.
Studio Shape
The studio should preferably be square, or
rectangular with a length to width ratio of
approximately 3:2. Instructors generally stand
facing the users on the long side of the studio.
Columns, projections and splayed walls should
be avoided for safety. Recessed areas can be
utilised
for
audio
equipment,
musical
accompaniment or spectator viewing if required.
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Design
Guidance Note
Type of Space
Storage Details
Area
Critical Height
Studios
15 m minimum
10% floor area preferred
2 m minimum
N/A
5 m preferred
Space required for storage of equipment (studios)
Floors
The floor structure must be able to resist any
dead loads imposed along with the potential for
high live loads from:
Users.
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Design
Guidance Note
Mirrors
Mirrors serve to create an illusion of space and
reflect natural light back into the space.
Continuous mirrors should be provided on at
least one side of each studio. Providing some
manifestation markings on them can help the
visually impaired.
Walls
Finishes should take account of the ease of
cleaning and maintenance. Scuffing by moving
equipment and users may be a particular issue.
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Design
Guidance Note
When
establishing
the
ceiling
height,
consideration should be given to activities that
may use equipment to raise the user closer to the
ceiling (e.g. step classes), or the need to swing
equipment (e.g. Kendo). The recommended
minimum headroom varies, but for flexibility, the
ceiling height should be at least 4.5m. The
increased headroom enhances the studio space,
increases flexibility and widens the range of
activities that can be accommodated.
Acoustics
Acoustic performance of a studio is critical due
to the need for:
Large continuous mirrors should not be directly
fixed to walls but be fixed onto a rigid plywood
backing board to avoid distortion. Point fixing
mirrors should be avoided; stress points can
cause failure of the glass. Mirrors should be
bonded to their backing board or fitted to a
metal carrier frame.
design
Ceilings
An acoustic consultant
should be consulted to
consider specific proposals
and give project specific
advice.
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Design
Guidance Note
Recommendations
16 -18C. A rise in temperature may be acceptable in summer, however, comfort cooling
will be essential in most cases as heat gain is likely to be significant and strict
temperature control is needed. The controls must be capable of wide variation and have
the capacity to react swiftly.
Humidity
Preferably below 60%. Humidity control is not essential provided good fresh air rates and
comfort cooling is provided.
Ventilation
A minimum of 20 litres/sec/person fresh air based on peak occupancy. The systems air
quantity will be determined by room loading and will include provision for free cooling.
The system must be able to cope with heat loads, body odours and humidity. Heat
recovery should be incorporated to reduce energy loads and running costs.
Artificial lighting
200-300 lux with a good uniformity ratio. Free weight areas require an overall minimum
average of 300 lux. Any signs, wall charts need to be clearly visible. Lighting can be
used to create mood, if required. Indirect or direct lighting schemes can create a softer
and warmer atmosphere. An emergency lighting system will be required.
Natural lighting
Recommended with views to the outside. Windows may need blinds to filter light and
provide privacy. Glare from windows or roof lights should be controlled
Noise levels
Studios
Air temperature
Humidity
Preferably below 60%. Humidity control is not essential provided good fresh air rates and
comfort cooling is provided. The controls must be capable of wider variation than normal
and have the capacity to react swiftly.
Ventilation
A minimum of 20 litres/sec/person fresh air based on peak occupancy. The systems air
quantity will be determined by room loading and will include provision for free cooling.
The system must be able to cope with heat loads, body odours and humidity. Heat
recovery should be incorporated to reduce energy loads and running costs.
Artificial lighting
200-300 lux with a good uniformity ratio. Any signs, wall charts need to be clearly
visible. Lighting can be used to create moods if required. Indirect and direct lighting
schemes can be designed to complement the space and create a feeling of wellbeing.
Lighting should be separated or zoned according to type or location, each zone
separately dimmable to create different effects appropriate for the use; high energy, low
impact and stretching routines.
Natural lighting
Preferable, with views to the outside. Windows may need blinds to filter light and provide
privacy. Glare from windows or roof lights should be controlled.
Noise levels
Noise rating of NR40 acceptable for dance activity, but NR35 recommended for Yoga
and similar use.
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Design
Guidance Note
Lighting
Gym
Studios
Each studio will require its own sound system
with controls accessible to the class tutor. If a
member of staff needs access to the system
many times in a class, it may be worth providing
a sound system that can easily be moved in a
position near to them. Consideration needs to be
given to the positioning of the power and feed to
both speakers & any other screen. Wall sockets
should also be provided throughout the fitness
gym area for cleaning equipment.
Some classes such as spinning have additional
power requirements such as projectors, screens
and lighting effects, and these need to be
established and catered for.
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Design
Guidance Note
6.0 Appendix
33
Design
Guidance Note
Exercise
Arts
Social activities
34
Design
Guidance Note
Acknowledgements:
Sport England is indebted to the many individuals and organisations who have contributed to this update
with excellent advice, information and photographic material. In particular Van Zyl & de Villiers Consulting
Engineers Limited, Mission; Active Future, Technogym, Inclusive Fitness Initiative, SHOKK Ltd, Wear
Valley Council's Wellness On Wheels, S&P Architects and Charlotte Woods Photography.
Disclaimer
Amendments, alterations and updates to this document may take place from time to time. When using
Sport England Design Guidance you should always download the documents at the time of use in order to
ensure that you are referring to the most up-to-date information. The term Design Guidance should be
taken to imply the minimum standards required to produce best practice solutions acceptable to Sport
England.
This document is for information only. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this
Design Guidance Note and all information contained herein, Sport England, or its agents, shall not be held
responsible or liable to any party in respect of any loss, damage or costs of any nature arising directly or
indirectly from reliance placed on this information. The views expressed are not intended to take away or
diminish the responsibility of the user to comply with current or future legislation and if there are any
conflicts between the views expressed in this document and legislation, the latter takes precedence.
Issue Tracker
002 Updated and Amended Publication: March 2008.
001 Initial Publication: April 1996.
Sport England
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Tel +44 (0)8458 508 508
Fax: +44 (0)20 7383 5740
Email: info@sportengland.org
Web: http://www.sportengland.org/
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