( , : , , :

, " ")
- [note 1] [2]
[3]

"[8] "" "()"

" "
""
"" (" , , ") "" ;
" "

,
2
, [4]

-

[5]
- -
(
) [6] , ,

, , -

- -

[9] - (
) [10]

-
, ,
- [11] - , - - , -
[12]

- " ", " ", ""

""[7] ;
" , ,

,
,

- ,
( ) - , , , [17]

, , () ,
: (-,
[14]
), ( ), ( , ) (, ) , ( , . )


[13]

" " ,

-

21

,
[18] ""
""
() : [19]
Both died slowly, and earliest as a vehicle
of literary expression, while much longer
retaining signicance for learned discourse
with its universalist claims.
Both were
subject to periodic renewals or forced rebirths,
sometimes in connection with a politics of
translocal aspiration At the same time
both came to be ever more exclusively
associated with narrow forms of religion and
priestcraft, despite centuries of a secular
aesthetic.

, ""
,
,
,

,

22

2 3

, , - [15]


, - ,
[16]
()

3
[1] Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit

4
[1] Comparative speakers strength of scheduled languages
1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 Census of India, 2001
Oce of the Registrar and Census Commissioner, India
31 December 2009
[2] Indian Constitution Art.344(1) & Art.345
[3] Sanskrit is second ocial language in Uttarakhand - The
Hindustan Times
[4]
[5] Macdonell (2004:?)
[6] Burrow (2001:?)

3
[7] spokensanskrit.de dictionary, using or
samskRta as input, see nouns
[8] Monier-Williams (1898:1120)
[9] Masica, p. 32
[10] Masica, p. 33
[11] Masica, pp. 3637
[12] Masica, p. 38
[13]

Meier-Brgger, Michael; Matthias Fritz, Manfred

Mayrhofer, Charles Gertmenian (trans.) (2003),
Indo-European Linguistics, Berlin; New York:
Walter de Gruyter, :
20,
3110174332 |coauthors= ,
()

[14] Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1993), A history of Sanskrit

literature, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, : 4,
8120809793

Read online Sanskrit text (PDF) of Mahabharata,

Srimad Bhagavat, Upanishada, Bhagavad-Gita,
Yoga-Sutra, Chandi Path etc. as well as SanskritEnglish spiritual Dictionary; Also listen online four
vedas
Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon
GRETIL: Gttingen Register of Electronic Texts
in Indian Languages, a cumulative register of the
numerous download sites for electronic texts in
Indian languages.
Gaudiya Grantha Mandira - A Sanskrit Text
Repository.
This site also provides encoding
converter.
Sanskrit texts at Sacred Text Archive
Clay Sanskrit Library publishes Sanskrit literature
with facing-page text and translation.
for texts and word-to-word translations

[15] Pollock (2001:393)

for ageold publications

[16] Oberlies (2003:xxvii-xxix)

for similar old publications

[17] Edgerton (1953:?)

[18] Hock, H. Language death phenomena in Sanskrit
in Studies in the Linguistic Sciences v.13 no.2 1983
Dept. of Linguistics, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign Dept. of Linguistics
[19] Pollock (2001:415)

Samskrita Bharati
Transliterator from romanized to Unicode Sanskrit
Sanskrit Voice: Learn, read and promote Sanskrit
Sanskrit transliterator with font conversion to Latin
and other Indian Languages
Sanskrit Alphabet in Devanagari, Gujarati, Bengali,
and Thai scripts with an extensive list of
Devanagari, Gujarati, and Bengali conjuncts
Academic Courses on Sanskrit Around The World

Sanskrit Documents: Documents in ITX format of
Upanishads, Stotras etc. and a metasite with links to
translations, dictionaries, tutorials, tools and other
Sanskrit resources.

Sanskrit Self Study by Chitrapur Math
Discover Sanskrit A concise study of the Sanskrit
language
A Practical Sanskrit Introductory by Charles
Wikner.
A Sanskrit Tutor
Ancient Sanskrit Online from the University of
Texas at Austin

An Analytical Cross Referenced Sanskrit Grammar

By Lennart Warnemyr.

6 , ,

, ,

61

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62

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Sanskrit_MS_Nepal_11c.jpg :
Public domain :
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