1.

Faculty : Civil And Environment

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Department : Structure And Material

Engineering
Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

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OBJECTIVE
1.1 To examine how bending moment varies with an increasing point load.
1.2 To examine how bending moment varies at the cut position of the beam for various
loading condition.

2.0

LEARNING OUTCOME
2.1 The application the engineering knowledge in practical application.
2.2 To enhance technical competency in structural engineering through laboratory
application.
2.3 To communicate effectively in group.
2.4 To identify problem, solving and finding out appropriate solution through
laboratory application.

3.0

THEORY

Moment at the cut section, Mc = Wa (L a) ................equation 1

L

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Part 2:
Use this statement :
The bendimg moment at the cut is equal to the algebraic sum of the force acting to the
left or right of the cut
4.0

PROCEDURES
Part 1
1.
2.
3.
4.

Check the Digital Force Display meter reads zero with no load.
Place a hanger with a 100g mass to the left of the cut.
Record the Digital Force Display reading in Table 1. Repeat using any masses
between 200g and 500g.
Convert the mass into a load in Newton ( multiply by 9.81 ) and the force reading
into a bending moment (Nm) using the following expression :
Bending moment at the cut (Nm) = Displayed Force x 0.125
Calculate the theoretical bending moment at the cut and complete Table 1.

Part 2
1. Check the Digital Force Display meter zero with no load.
2. Carefully load the beam with the hangers in a positions and loads as example in
Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 and complete Table 2.
3. Convert the force reading into bending moment (Nm) using :
Bending moment at the cut (Nm) = Displayed Force x 0.125
4. Calculate the support reaction (RA and RB) and calculated the theoretical bending
moment at the cut.

Figure 2

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Figure 3

Figure 4

5.0

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Department : Structure And Material

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

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RESULT

Mass
*(g)

Load
(N)

Force
(N)

0
0
0
0.2
0.981
0.6
0.25
1.962
0.7
0.3
2.943
0.8
0.35
3.924
1.0
0.4
4.905
1.1
*Use any mass between 200g and 500g.

Experimental
Bending Moment
(Nm)
0
0.0750
0.0875
0.1000
0.1250
0.1375
Table 1

Theoretical Bending
Moment
(Nm)
0
0.1712
0.2230
0.2568
0.2997
0.3425

No

W1
(N)

W2
(N)

Force
(N)

1
2.453
2.453

3.924
3.434
3.434

3.5
2.2

-1.4
0.4375
0.2750

Experimental
Bending
Moment (N)
-1.4
2.631
1.427
Table 2

RA (N)

RB (N)

5.167
3.256
4.460

-1.247
0.456
0.214

Theoretical
Bending
Moment
0.175
2.453
2.453

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BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

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5.0 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Part 1
1.

Derive equation 1
W

RA

RB

a
L

RA
RC
a

Momen at the cut section Mc = Wa (L a)

L
Mb = 0
-W (L-a) + Ra ( L ) = 0
Ra = W (L a)
L
-Mc + Ra ( a ) = 0
Ra ( a ) = Mc

( 1 )

( 2 )

14/01/2009

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

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Masukan pers. ( 1 ) dalam ( 2 )

=W(La)a
L

= Mc

=W(La)a
L

= Mc

= Equation theorical can be proved.

2. Plot a graph, which compare your experimental result to those you calculated using
theory.
3.

Comment on the shape of the graph. What does it tell you about how
Shear Force varies due to an increased load?
From the graph, we can see the bending moment will increased due to the increasing
of the load that we provide to the beam. From the graph, the line that we get is linear
that is positive

4.

Does the equation you used accurately predict the behaviors of the
beam?
Yes, we can predict the behavior of the beam. The reason of this statement can be
approved and calculated the bending moment by mc = Wa ( L-a) / L ( theoritical ) and
the result of this experiment show in the graph. Compare the theoretical and
experimental force, it give the similarity result.

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6.0 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Part 2
1.

Comment on how the results of the experiments compare with those

calculated using the theory.
If we compare those calculated using the theory and the experiment, we can
comment that less different between it. It can be shown in table 2 and in the
graph that we get from the experiment.

2. Does the experiment proof that the shear force at the cut is equal to the algebraic
sum of the forces acting to the left or right of the cut. If not, why?
Not even the result at experimental bending momen is the same. This situation was
accured because load has used is different mass as well as the distance of the load is
different.
3.

Plot the moment force diagram for load cases in Figure 2, 3 and 4
Refer to the graph.

4.

Comment on the shape of the graph. What does it tell you about how
Shear Force varies due to various loading condition?
We can conclude that the graph is rapidly increased. The bending moment is
increase directly, propotionally due to an increased load of beam.

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM
FIGURE 1

1) 0.2 Kg
Mc = 1.962 ( 0.12 ) ( 0.44 0.12 )
0.44
= 0.1712 N / m
2) 0.25 Kg
Mc = 2.4525 ( 0.12 ) ( 0.44 0.12 )
0.44
= 0.2230 N / m

3) 0.3 Kg
Mc = 2.943 ( 0.12 ) ( 0.44 0.12 )
0.44
= 0.2568 N / m

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BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

4) 0.35 Kg
Mc = 3.4335 ( 0.12 ) ( 0.44 0.12 )
0.44
= 0.2997 N / m

5) 0.4 Kg
Mc = 3.924 ( 0.12 ) ( 0.44 0.12 )
0.44
= 0.342 N / m
FIGURE 2

M = 0
RB (440) = 3.92 (140) = 0
=

548.8
440

RB = -1.247 N

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

RA + RB = -3.92
RA + (-1.247) = -3.92 + 1.247
RA = 5.167 N

GDR
RD = -3.92 KN
RA = -3.92 + 5.17 = 1.25 KN
RB = 1.25 1.25 = 0

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

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GML
RD = 0
RA = -3.92(0.14) = 0.55 Nm
RB = -3.92 (0.58) + 5.17(0.44) = 0
0.55 RC
=
0.44 0.14
RC = 0.175
FIGURE 3

M = 0
2.453(0.22) + 3.434(0.26) = RB(0.44)
0.5397+0.8928
0.44

= RB

RB = 3.256 N

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Department : Structure And Material

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM

Fy = Fy
RA + 3.256 = 5.887
RA = 2.631 N
GDR
RA = 2.631 N
RD = 2.631 2.453 = 0.178 N
RE = 0.178 3.434 = -3.256N
RB = -3.256 + 3.256 = 0
GML
RA = 0
RD = 2.631(0.22) = 0.579 Nm
RE = 2.631(0.26) 2.453(0.04) = 0.586 Nm
RB = 2.631(0.44) 2.453(0.22) 3.434(0.18) = 0
0.586
0.18

RC
0.14

RC = 0.456 N

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BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM
FIGURE 4

M = 0
2.453(0.24) + 3.434(0.4) = RB(0.4)
0.58872+1.3736
0.4

= RB

RB = 4.460 N
Fy = Fy
RA + 4.460 = 5.886
RA = 1.427 N
GDR
RA = 1.427 N
RD = 1.427 2.453 = - 1.026 N
RE = - 1.026 - 3.434 = - 4.46 N
RB = - 4.460 + 4.460

=0

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Title :
BENDING MOMENT IN A BEAM
GML
RA = 0
RD = 1.427(0.24) = 0.342 Nm
RE = 1.427 (0.40) 2.453(0.16) = 0.184 Nm
RB = 1.427(0.44) 2.453 (0.20) 3.434(0.04) = 0

0.342
0.16

RC
0.1

RC = 0.2138 N

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Title :
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