Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hunting horn
Less complex tubing and a smaller flared bell
Changing of pitch was controlled by air and embouchure
Only notes in the harmonic series because there were no valves
Natural horn
created with more tubing but still had no valves
could be tuned to different keys by adding different tubing
played by air, embouchure, and placing your hand in the bell
Crooks were different lengths of tubing that could be added to the horn
Around 1818 in Germany, rotary valves were added to the horn
This was added so that players did not have to change the different crooks
Also allowed for chromatic notes for the first time on the horn
Piston valves were also added to the horn in France around the same time
Bb Trumpet for
Comparison
STOPPED HORN
Stopped Horn technique is the act of fully closing off the bell of the instrument with the
either the right hand, or a special mute that assists with the stopping of the note. The
results of this produce a sort of nasally tone. The notation for stopped horn is usually
indicated by a + above the note that is to be played, and then an 0 for notes that
are to be played open. For passages that require a longer set of stopped notes the
words stopped horn is written out in the music.
The pitch of the stopped note lowers when the hand is placed in the bell. For example,
when playing a middle C (F-horn open) the pitch will raise the pitch by a whole step.
Stopped horn originated in classical music, with pieces requiring the use of this
technique to lower the pitch accordingly.
Mozarts Four Horn Concertos, Concert Rondo, and Morceau de Concert were written
with this technique in mind.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=MiS47axhbKE (c. 1:30)