ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS

MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS

PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
(Cholinergic Blockers)
Antimuscarinic drugs

Ganglion Blocking drugs

Neuromuscular blockers

Natural anticholinergics
Atropine (Dose: 0.5 to 3 mg)
Hysocine (Dose: 0.3 to 0.6 mg)
Semisynthetic and synthetic
Quaternary ammonium derivatives: Atropine
methonitrate, Propantheline bromide, Ipratropium
bromide
Tertiary amines: Dicyclomine HCl, Homeatropine
hydrobromide, Cyclopentolate HCl, Eucatropine
HCl, Tropicamide
SOURCE
Atropa Belladonna
Datura Stramonium (Thorn Apple)
Hyoscyamus Niger
Scopolia Cariolica

CHEMISTRY
Tertiary amine alkaloids esters of tropic
acid
Organic acid + Base
esterification
Tropic acid + tropine
Atropine
Tropic acid + scopine
Scopolamine (Hyoscine)
Mandelic acid + Tropine
Homatropine
Mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetic

PHARMACOLOGICAL
ACTIONS

Eye
GIT
Urinary System
CVS
Respiratory tract
Secretions
CNS

Therapeutic Uses

Ophthalmic
Preanesthetic medication
Antispasmodic
Antisecretory
Antidote: Mushroom poisoning
Cholinergic agonists
Nocturnal Enuresis
Motion sickness
CNS
CVS
GIT

Untoward Effects
GIT
Eye
Skin
CVS
Urinary System
CNS

Treatment of toxicity

Gastric Lavage
Physostigmine
Diazepam
Artificial respiration
Cold sponging

THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION OF
ANTICHOLINERGICS
MYDRIATICS
Tertiary amines: Homatropine hydrobromide (2%),
cyclopentolate (1%), tropicamide (0.5%)
eucatropine (5-10%)
ANTI SPASMODIC
Quaternary ammonium compounds: Atropine
methonitrate, Propantheline, Hysocine
Methobromide (methscopolamine), Hyoscine
butylbromide, glycopyrrolate
Tertiary amines: Dicyclomine,

ANTI-PARKINSONIAN AGENT
These are tertiary amines, e.g. benztropine, biperidine,
procyclidine

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Ipratropium
puffs
Oxitropium

(Dose: 18 to 36 mcg: 1 to 2 puffs upto 72 mcg : 4

Relives bronchospasm in asthma/COPD

Treatment of Over active Urinary Bladder

Oxybutynin
Tolterodine
Trospium chloride
Solifenacin
Darifenacin
Fesoterodine

1. Relieves bladder spasm after surgery

2. Urteral spasm due to colic
3. Cystitis

Peptic Ulcer
Pirenzepine (Dose: 50 mg BD)
Telenzepine
Pre anesthetic medication
Glycopyrronium (Dose: 0.1mg I/V)