FELTTELES MONDATOK (Conditionals)

ltalnos tudnivalk:
Az angolban s a magyarban is varilhat a f- s mellkmondat helye: mindkett llhat
ell s htul is.
A)
Ha ltom, beszlek vele.
If I see him, I will talk to him.
mellkmondat

fmondat

mellkmondat

fmondat

Ilyenkor (ha elbb a mellkmondatot (if) mondjuk), az angolban is vessz van a tagmondatok
kztt.

B)

Beszlek vele, ha ltom.

fmondat

mellkmondat

I will talk to him if I see him.

fmondat

mellkmondat

Ilyenkor (ha ell a fmondat ll), az angolban nincs vessz a tagmondatok kztt.

A magyar ha idnknt nem felttel kifejezsre szolgl, hanem idhatrozsra (=

amikor). Ilyenkor gyelnnk kell, mert az angolban nem if, hanem when a ktsz!
pl. Ha (= amikor) elkszlsz, szlj nekem. = When you are ready, tell me.
A feltteles mondatoknak 3 alaptpusa van:
1. Relis/jv idej felttel ebben a feltteles mellkmondat (ha) egy a jvre
vonatkoz felttelt szab meg, melynek teljeslse esetn rvnyeslni fognak a
fmondatban elmondottak.
pl. Ha el fogsz jnni, tncolni fogunk.
2. Lehetsges/jelen idej felttel ebben a feltteles mellkmondat (ha) arrl beszl,
hogy ha a jelenben trtnne valami (ami bekvetkezhet, teht elmletileg lehetsges),
akkor a fmondatban elmondottak is teljeslnnek.
pl. Ha eljnnl, tncolnnk.
3. Lehetetlen/mlt idej felttel ebben a feltteles mellkmondat (ha) arrl beszl,
hogy ha a mltban megtrtnt volna valami (ami egybknt nem trtnt meg, teht
mr nem lehetsges), akkor a fmondatban elmondottak is teljesltek volna.
pl. Ha eljttl volna, tncoltunk volna.

RELIS / JV IDEJ FELTTEL

(I. tpus)
A magyarban 4 fle mdon tudjuk kifejezni:
1. mellkmondat (ha): jv id
fmondat: jv id
Ha el fogsz jnni,
tncolni fogunk.
2.

mellkmondat (ha): jelen id

Ha eljssz,

fmondat: jv id
tncolni fogunk.

3.

mellkmondat (ha): jv id
Ha el fogsz jnni,

fmondat: jelen id
tncolunk.

4.

mellkmondat (ha): jelen id

Ha eljssz,

fmondat: jelen id
tncolunk.

Az angolban viszont ez csak egyetlen mdon lehetsges:

mellkmondat (if): jelen id
(Present Simple)
If you come,

fmondat: jv id
(Future Simple)
we will dance.
IF do will do

Megjegyzs:
Mindkt tagmondatban hasznlhat a CAN segdige (-hat/-het, tud ni)
pl. If you can come, we will dance. (Ha el tudsz jnni, tncolni fogunk.)
If you come, we can dance. (Ha el tudsz jnni, tncolni fogunk.)
If you can come, we can dance. (Ha el tudsz jnni, tncolni fogunk.)
Bizonyos esetekben az ige folyamatos alakja is hasznlhat (az if-es tagmondatban Present Continuous, a
fmondatban will + be + ing
pl. If you are sleeping all day, I will be angry. (Ha egsz nap aludni fogsz, mrges leszek.)
If I have a lot of free time, I will be sleeping all day. (Ha sok szabadidm lesz, egsz nap aludni fogok.)

1) Complete the sentences by the rules of the first conditional.

1. What will you do if the boss _____ (give) you the yearly bonus?
2. Where _____ you _____ (go) if you lose your map?
3. If you _____ (spend) all your money on sweets, you won't be able to buy that car.
4. If we _____ (catch) the 9.45 train, we'll be in Budapest by midnight.
5. I'll tell you the truth if you _____ (not tell) my father.
6. If they _____ (work) like this for two more weeks, they'll finish it on time
7. If she _____ (not / hurry), we will be late!
8. If Mark _____ (pass) his exam, he will go on holiday.
9. If you stay awake all night, you _____ (be) very tired tomorrow.
10. If Tina eats too much chocolate She _____ ( become ) very fat.

11. We _____ (not / go ) to that restaurant if its so expensive.

2) Rewrite the sentences using the first conditional.
e.g. Call him and hell come. > Hell come if you call him.
Go away or Ill be angry. > If you dont go away, Ill be angry.
1. Take a taxi and youll catch the train.
2. Come early or you dont get anything to eat.
3. Go inside and youll get a surprise.
4. Be ambitious or you wont achieve anything.
5. Visit your grandfather and youll receive a present from him.
6. Hurry up or youll miss the train.
7. Dont eat too much. Youll be fat.
8. Dont raise your voice. Ill be angry.
9. Dont go near the window. The policeman will see you.
10. Go to parties. Youll have fun.
11. Be polite or your friends wont like you.
12. Be tidy or your house will be a mess.
13. I wont let you go. You dont tell me the truth.
14. Dont touch that wire. You may get an electric shock.
3) Choose the correct answer.
1. Johana is such a hard-working student. If she studies hard, she...
a. will to pass all her school exams.
b. will passed all her school exams.
c. will pass all her school exams.
2. If Jane passes her exams, her mother...
a. won't be happy.
b. will be happy.
c. will to be happy.
3. If Johana becomes lazy at school, her mother...
a. will be happy.
b. may be happy.
c. will to be happy.
d. won't be happy.
4. If it rains tomorrow morning, we...
a. will to take our umbrellas.
b. won't take our umbrellas.
c. will take our umbrellas.
5. If you eat too much junk food, you ...
a. will become thinner.
b. will become fatter.
c. will to become fatter.
6. If you don't finish your homework, your teacher...
a. won't be happy.
b. will be happy.
c. will to be angry.

7. I'll come to the cinema,..

a. after I finish my homework.
b. when I'm finishing my homework.
c. after I don't finish my homework.
8. Kisi won't come to the party, ...
a. if you invite him.
b. if you don't invite him.
c. if you to invite him.
9. If you don't work hard at school,...
a. your mother will buy you a present.
b. your mother won't buy you a present.
c. your mother may buy you a present.
10. You won't get paid,...
a. if you go to work.
b. unless you go to work.
c. if not you go to work.
4) You are going on holiday with your friends. Write questions with the words given.
e.g. What/do/miss/plane/? What will you do if you miss the plane?
1. What/do/plane/late/?
2. Where/stay/hotels/full/?
3. What/do/not like the food/?
4. Where/go/beaches/crowded/?
5. What/do/get sunburnt/?
6. What/do/spend all the money/?
5) Now match the questions with the correct answers.
a, We'll just eat bread cheese and fruit.
b, We won't sunbathe for a few days.
c, We'll rent a room then in a private house.
d, We'll visit the town or go to the countryside.
e, We'll wait for the plane at the airport.
f, We'll come back earlier
6) Choose the correct answer.
1. If we don't protect the elephant, it ________ extinct.
a)
becomes
b)
will become
2. You'll pay higher insurance if you ________ a sports car.
a)
will buy
b)
buy
3. If you don't put so much sugar in your coffee, you ________ so much weight!
a)
don't put on
b)
won't put on
4. You won't pass the course if you ________.
a)
won't study
b)
don't study

5.

If I ________ some eggs, how many ________?

a)
cook / will you eat
b)
will cook / do you eat
6. She ________ completely different if she has her hair cut.
a)
will look
b)
looks
7. You ________ better if you turn on the lamp.
a)
will be able to see
b)
are able to see
8. If you ________ an apple every day, you'll be very healthy.
a)
eat
b)
will eat
9. You ________ heart disease if you eat too much meat.
a)
get
b)
will get
10. If a deer ________ into your garden, it ________ all your plants.
a)
will get / eats
b)
gets / will eat
7) Use the 1st conditional form of each verb in brackets.
1. If you _____ (not study), you _____ (fail) the test.
2. We _____ (die) if we _____ (not get) help soon!
3. If you _____ (look) in the fridge, you _____ (find) some cold drinks.
4. If there _____ (be) no oil in the engine, the car _____ (break) down.
5. I _____ (lend) you my umbrella if you _____ (need) it.
6. The sea level _____ (rise) if the planet _____ (get) hotter.
7. If you _____ (eat) your sandwiches now, you _____ (not have) anything for lunch!
8. If he _____ (save) all his money, he _____ (be able to go) on holiday to Canada.
9. I _____ (not come) with you if you _____ (not bring) John!
10. If Mark _____ (fail) his exam, he _____ (have to) stay at home.
11. You _____ (not /win) the lottery if you _____ (not /buy) a ticket.
12. If Tim _____ (drive) too fast he _____ (have) an accident.
8) Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Ha nem fogtok szorgalmasan tanulni, meg fogtok bukni a vizsgn.
2. Nem segtek, ha nem krsz meg.
3. Ha a htvgn j lesz az id, elmegynk kirndulni.
4. Nem fognak beengedni, ha nincs jegyed.
5. Ha elksel, nem fogunk megvrni.
6. Ha lesz sok pnzem, adok neked is.
7. Nagyon szerencssek lesznk, ha Mary nem tudja meg az igazsgot.
8. Ha nem vigyzunk, betegek lesznk.
9. Odaadom ezt az almt, ha kifizeted.
10. Hol fogtok lakni, ha felesgl msz Bobhoz?
11. Ha megtallja a kulcsot, ide fogja adni neknk.
12. Ha ezt megteszed, sosem bocstom meg neked.

IF > WHEN
9) Complete the sentences with if or when.
1. I'll tell them _________ they arrive home.
2. _________ you leave me, I'll kill myself.
3. _________ she arrives home, she'll probably be very tired.
4. I'll turn it down _________ this song is over.
5. _________ you don't lock it, somebody will steal it!
6. _________ it doesn't rain, we'll probably go for a walk.
7. _________ you can't do this exercise, ask for help.
8. I'll pay you back_________ I next see you.
9. They'll go to bed_________ the programme ends.
10. _________ anyone calls me, tell them I'm not at home.
11. Come on! _________ we hurry, we will catch the train.
12. _________ I play chess with him, he always wins
13. Shops are full of things _________ Christmas is near.
14. _________ you have a problem with this exercise, let me know.
15. _________ I'm older, I'll stay out late.
16. You'll be late for school _________ you don't hurry up.
17. _________ I've finished my homework we can go out.
18. _________ I ever finish this homework, we can go out
19. _________ I see you doing that again, I'll tell it to your parents.
20. _________ I get home from work, I always have a cup of coffee.
21. _________ I leave school, I want to be a lawyer.
22. You'll get a bad mark in your next English test _________ you don't study hard.
23. _________ you go out of the house, close the door behind you, please.
24. Let's go to the cinema _________ I can get a ticket.
25. _________ my mum gets home from work, she is tired.
26. _________ I go to bed, I usually read a good book.
10) Translate the following sentences being aware of the conjunction (if or when)
1. Krlek hvj fel, ha hazarsz.
2. Ha Londonban jrsz, ltogass meg!
3. Ha eltrd a kedvenc vzmat, nagyon mrges leszek!
4. Ha kifogy a benzinnk, bajban lesznk.
5. Ha sietnk, elrjk a vonatot.
6. Ha ma este esik, tvt nznk.
7. Ha megtallod a knyvemet, vidd vissza a knyvtrba.
8. Ha lefekszel, oltsd el a villanyt.
9. Ha majd csenget valaki, nyisd ki az ajtt.
10. Ha hangversenyen vagyok, mindig ugyanazokkal az emberekkel tallkozom.
11. rtests, ha megkaptad a szmlt.
12. Ha elveszted az rt, nagyon szomor leszek.
13. Ha elolvastam ezt a knyvet, odaadom neked.
14. Ha Susie nem hv fel tged, n sem fogok vele beszlni.
15. Ha a hz ksz lesz, segtek neked bekltzni.

KEY:
1)
1. gives
2. will you go
3. spend

7. doesnt hurry
8. passes
9. will be

4. catch
5. dont tell
6. work

10. will become

11. wont go

2)
A megoldsokban a tagmondatokat ms sorrendben is mondhatjuk!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

If you take a taxi, youll catch the train.

If you dont come early, you wont get anything to eat.
Youll get a surprise if you go inside.
If you arent ambitious, you wont achieve anything.
If you visit your grandfather, youll receive a present from him.
If you dont hurry, youll miss the train.
If you eat too much, youll be fat.
If you raise your voice, Ill be angry.
If you go near the window, the policeman will see you.
Youll have fun if you go to parties.
If you arent polite, your friends wont like you.
If you arent tidy, your house will be a mess.
I wont let you go if you dont tell me the truth. / I will let you go if you tell me the truth.
You may get an electric shock if you touch that wire.

3)
1. c
2. b
3. d

4. c
5. b
6. a

7. a
8. b
9. b

10. b

4)
1. What will you do if the plane is late?
2. Where will you stay if the hotels are full?
3. What will you do if you dont like the food?
4. Where will you go if the beaches are crowded?
5. What will you do if you get sunburnt?
6. What will you do if you spend all your money?
5)
a, - 3.
b, - 5.

c, - 2.
d, - 4.

6)
1. b
2. b
3. b

4.
5.
6.

b
a
a

e, - 1.
f, - 6.

7.
8.
9.

a
a
b

10. b

7)
1. If you dont study, you will fail the test.
2. We will die if we dont get help soon!
3. If you look in the fridge, you will find some cold drinks.
4. If there is no oil in the engine, the car will break down.
5. I will lend you my umbrella if you need it.
6. The sea level will rise if the planet gets hotter.
7. If you eat your sandwiches now, you wont have anything for lunch!
8. If he saves all his money, he will be able to go on holiday to Canada.
9. I wont come with you if you dont bring John!
10. If Mark fails his exam, he will have to stay at home.

11. You dont win the lottery if you dont buy a ticket.
12. If Tim drives too fast he will have an accident.
8)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

If you dont study hard, you will fail the exam.

I wont help you if you dont ask me.
If it the weather is nice at the weekend, well go on a trip.
They wont let you in (/You wont be let in ) if you dont have a ticket.
If you are late, we wont wait for you.
If I have a lot of money, I will give you too.
We will be very lucky if Mary doesnt learn the truth.
If we arent careful, well be sick (/ill).
I will give you this apple if you pay for it.
Where will you live if you marry Bob?
If he finds the key, he will give it to us.
If you do this I will never forgive you.

9)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

when
if
when
when
if
if
if

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

when
when
if
if
when
when
if

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

when
if
when
if
if
when
when

10) Translate the following sentences.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

Please, call me when you arrive home.

When you are in London, visit me.
If you break my favourite vase, Ill be very angry!
If we run out of petrol, well be in trouble.
If we hurry, well catch the train.
If it is raining tonight, well be watching TV.
If you find my book, return it to the library.
When you go to bed, switch off the lights.
When someone rings, open the door.
When I am at a concert, I always meet the same people.
Inform me when you get the bill.
If you lose the watch, Ill be very sad.
When I have read this book, Ill give it to you.
If Susie doesnt phone you, I wont talk to her, either.
When the house is ready, Ill help you move in.

22.
23.
24.
25.
26.

if
when
if
when
when