Fracture mechanics

Course work 1 problem: Classic strength theories

Using given stress tensor:
1) Define the invariants of stress state
2) Define the stress tensor eigenvalues these are the principal stresses
3) Define the stress state principal directions
4) Check principal directions orthogonality
5) Define the equivalent stresses for 1- 4 strength theories
Initial data is given below.
1.variant

2.variant

3.variant

238 25 -76
T = 25 -166 12
-76
12 55

648 27 -84
T = 27 164 -12
-84 -12 75

735
T = 25
-76

4.variant

5.variant

6.variant

-936 125 -76

T = 125 -465 114
-76 114 755

444 -2.27 -88

T = -227 861 232
-88 232 -375

535
T = 25
-175

7.variant

8.variant

9.variant

338 125 176

T = 1.25 -166
15
176
15 -255

943
67 -184
T = 67 262 -133
-184 -133 -375

635 -125
76
T = -125 458 -172
76 -172 -455

10.variant

11.variant

12.variant

-535 125 -79

T = 125 -865 144
-79
144 955

454 -227 -87

T = -227 962 132
-87 132 -475

T =

13.variant

14.variant

15.variant

140 35 -80
T = 35 -286 102
-80 102 505

242 27 -34
T = 27 354 -22
-34 -22 15

534
T = 25
-62

16.variant

17.variant

18.variant

-936 125 -76

T = 125 -465 114
-76 114 755

444 -2.27 -88

T = -227 861 232
-88 232 -375

535
T = 25
-175

25 -76
458 -112
-112 -355

25 -175
158 -117
-117 -385

395
28 -175
28 -158 117
-175 117 -385

25 -62
450 -10
-10 -155

25 -175
158 -117
-117 -385

19.variant

20.variant

21.variant

338 125 176

T = 1.25 -166
15
176
15 -255

943
67 -184
T = 67 262 -133
-184 -133 -375

635 -125
76
T = -125 458 -172
76 -172 -455

22.variant

23.variant

24.variant

-535 125 -79

T = 125 -865 144
-79
144 955

454 -227 -87

T = -227 962 132
-87 132 -475

T =

395
28 -175
28 -158 117
-175 117 -385

The guidance of the work fulfillment:

1) Define the invariants of stress state
I1 = x + y + z
2
I 2 = x y + y z + x z xy
yz2 xz2
2
I 3 = x y z + x z + 2 xy yz xz x yz2 y xz2 z xy

2) Define the stress tensor eigenvalues these are the principal stresses
They are the roots of follow cubic equation

3 I 1 2 + I 2 I 3 = 0
The most efficient way: it can be found by the iteration method in EXCEL computer program
and using the principal stresses of extreme property: 1 principal stress is at a maximum, but 1
principal stress is minimal.
3) Define the stress state principal directions. They are the single vectors
 , where
  1, 2, 3 is the number of principal stress.

The single vectors
 can be obtained by the follow way:

 , which coincide with the direction of vector
 . For this, one of the
At first, find another vector

vector components can be select freely, for example accept

  1
The other two components should be defined from the system of equations

   
  
  


     
  

 normalising
Finally, define
 by vector

 |  
   
   1
|


 

 

 


 |
|


 |
|

1
 |
|

4)

Check the principal vectors of the stress state of mutual perpendicularity

(orthogonality condition)
It should be satisfied


 

 

  0,   ! 
5) Define the equivalent stresses for 1- 4 strength theories
1 strength theory
"#$  %
2 strength theory
"#$  %  &  ' ,
there was accepted that Poisson ratio is equal to 0.25.
3 strength theory
"#$  %  ' ,
4 strength theory
1
"#$  ( )%  '     '%   '  %  *,
2