FDMA

TDMA
CDMA
OFDMA
D=DIVISION
F=FRECUENCIA
T=TIEMPO
C=CODIGO
O=ORTOGONAL
A=ACCESO
GSM ASIGNACION DE FRECUENCIA
******************************************
multiple-accessprotocols
random access protocols
-aloha
-csma
-csma/cd
-csma/ca
controlled-accessprotocols
-reservation
-polling-token oassing
channelization protocols
-fdma
-tdma
-cdma
******************************************
CDMA
hat tres tipos
>point- to -point (single wire, e.g. ppp, SLIP)
>broadcast(shared wire or medium)
>
cuales con los componetes basicos de una red de telecomunicaciones?
[equipo terminal]<tv,readio,etc>
|
[red de acceso]
|
[nodo]
|
[red de acceso]
|
[nodo]
|
[equipo terminal]

*************************************
claude shannon:
c=B log2[1+s/N]
b=bandwidth in herz
c=chanel capacity in bist/second
s=signsl power
N=noise power
******************************************************************
ejercicio:
en un canal telefonico se tranmite a una velocidad de 9600 bit/seg,
cuanto equivale la relacion seal a ruido?
RTA:
c=9600 bit/seg
B=4khz
C=B log2[1+s/N]
:::propiedad
::: logb A=X
b^x= A
C/B=log2[1+s/N]
S/N=2^(9600/4k)-1
S/N=4.27
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cdma esta basado spread spectrum signals
1. to provide resistence to "jamming"
2. lpi-low probability of intercept
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spread spectrum systems
1.
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tipos de cdma
1.frequency-hopping (salto en frecuecia) FHSS
each users narrowband signal hops among discrete frequences, and the receiver

follows in sequence
2.direct sequence DSSS
>narrowaband input from a user is coded("spread") by a user-unique broadband c
ode,then trasmitted
>broadband signal is recaibet; receiver knows, applies users code recovers user
data
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voice

A/D conversor

vocoder

encoder y

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estandares inalambricosa
ieee 802.11 wifi
bloetooth
rfid
zigbee