Quy hoch

trc giao cp 2

NI DUNG

1.Cc phng n cu trc c tm

2.Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
- Xt nh hng ca k yu t vo thng s ti u ca y.
- Phng trnh hi qui bc 2 c dng:

- S h s trong a thc bc 2 c xc nh theo cng

thc:

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
- Vi, C2K: t hp chp 2 t k yu t bng s hiu ng
tng tc i.
- xc nh cc h s trong PTHQ s th nghim N
khng nh hn s h s cn xc nh trong
phng trnh. V th, c lng tt c cc h s
ca a thc bc hai, mi yu t trong phng n c s
mc khng nh hn 3.
- Khi dng TYT 3k ta phi thc hin s th nghim kh
ln, ln hn nhiu so vi h s cn xc nh khi k > 2.

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
* Gi s c k yu t th s TN: N = 3k s h s m c
cho trong bng:

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
* gim s th nghim ta dng phng n cu trc c tm
ca Box v Wilson ra: bng cch thm mt s im vo
nhn, nhn l mt phng n tuyn tnh.
- Khi k < 5 nhn l phng n TYT 2k
- Khi k 5 nhn l phng n TYT 2k-1
* Khi PTHQ tuyn tnh khng tng thch vi thc nghim
th cn:
(1) B sung 2k im sao (*) nm trn trc ta ca khng
gian yu t. Cc ta im sao (*): (,0,,0); (0,
,...,0); (0,,0,), gi l cnh tay n sao.

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
(2) Lm thm no th nghim tm phng n.
x2
x2

(-1, 1)

*
(-1,-1)

(0,0)

* (0, ,0)
(1, 1)

x1

(1,-1)

x3

*(,0,0)
* x

(0,0,)

(-,0,0)

*
*
(0,0,-)
*

(0,-,0)

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
- S th nghim ca phng n cu trc c tm cp 2 vi
k yu t c tnh:
N = 2k + 2k + no , vi k < 5
N = 2k-1 + 2k + no
, vi k 5
- Chn cnh tay n (*) v s th nghim no tm c
chn ph thuc vo tiu chun ti u.*

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
Ma trn qui hoch cu trc c tm cp 2, hai yu t
(N=2k, vi k=2 => s TN 22=4 , cc im sao 2.k=4)

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
Ma trn thng tin XTX ng qui hoch trn c dng:

X TX =

=> Nhng phng n cu trc c tm khng trc giao.

1. Cc phng n cu trc c tm
Phng n cu trc c tm khng trc giao v xo lun
bng 1 v xji2 >0 nn :
N

x
i 1

oi

x 0;

j 1: k

x 0;

l , j 1: k

2
ji

2 2
ji li

(1)
(2)

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

-

u im ca phng n trc giao: khi lng tnh ton t, do mi

h s hi quy c xc nh c lp vi nhau.
trc giao ha nhng phng n cu trc c tm th cn phi
bin i cc ct ma trn, thay xj2 (x12, x22, ) bng bin mi xj
N
(x1 , x2 , ).
2

x 'j x 2j x j2 x 2j

x
i 1

ji

N
(1) xoi x 'ji x 2ji Nx 2j 0

- Mc ch p dng phng n ny :
Xy dng PTHQ cp 2.
Kim tra s tng thch vi thc nghim.
=> Cn thc hin cc bc sau:

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

1. Xy dng PTHQ cp 2:
Bc 1. Vit PTHQ cp 2 y theo dng:

VD: PTHQ cp 2 y vi k = 4:
= b0 + b1x1 + b2x2 + b3x3 + b4x4 + b12x1x2 + b13x1x3 +
b14x1x4 + b23x2x3 + b24x2x4 + b34x3x4 + b11x12 + b22x22 +
b33x32 + b44x42

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

- Xc nh s cc TN cn lm cc in nt :
+ Nhn phng n TYT 2k ; V d 2k = 24 = 16
+ Cc im sao (*) = 2.k; V d 2.k = 2.4 = 8
+ im tm phng n: n0 = 1
=> Tng s cc TN cn lm (STT):
- Vi k<5: S th nghim: N= 2k + 2.k + n0 V d = 25
- Vi k5: S th nghim: N= 2k-1 + 2.k + n0

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Bc 2. Lp bng phng n trc giao bc 2 vi
k yu t v tm phng n n0 = 1.
Bc 3. Tnh cc gi tr 2 v da vo biu
thc (vi k yu t v n0 =1):
4 + 2k 2 2k-1 (k + 0,5 no) = 0 , khi k < 5
4 + 2k-1 2 2k-2 (k + 0,5 no) = 0 , khi k 5
=> Ghi gi tr (+) v (-) va tnh c vo
bng.

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Ghi ch: chun ha ngta a ra bng tnh sn nh
sau: cc gi tr 2 i vi s yu t v s TN khc nhau
tm phng n

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Bc 4. Tnh cc gi tr xj2 (x12, x22, ) tc l i tnh cc gi
tr xj (x1, x2, ):
- trc giao ha nhng phng n cu trc c tm th
cn phi bin i cc ct ma trn, thay xj2 (x12, x22, )
bng bin mi xj (x1 , x2 , ).
- Lc ny, tnh cc gi tr xj2 (x12, x22, ) tc l ta i tnh
cc gi tr xj (x1 , x2 , ).

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

theo cng thc:

VD: k = 2 , 2 = 1 , N = 9 th:
x1 = x12 (22 + 2.1)/9 = x12 2/3.

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Ma trn qui hoch trc giao cp hai, 2 yu t

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Bc 5. Tnh cc h s bj (b1, b2,..) ; bjl (b12, b13,) v bjj
(b11, b22, ) theo cng thc:

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Bc 6. Kim nh tnh ngha ca cc h s PTHQ b j (b1,
b2,..); bjl (b12, b13) v bjj (b11, b22) da vo tiu chun t:
(1)Tnh cc gi tr tj (t0, t1, t2, t3, t12, t13, t23) theo c.thc:

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Hay tnh theo cng thc:

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

V cng thc
sb jl

sth

sb jj

sth

sb jj

sth

k 1

; khi

k 5

2 (1 x ) 2( x ) (2k 2 no )( x )
k

k 1

2 2
j

2 2
j

2 2
j

(1 x ) 2( x ) (2k 2 no )( x )
2 2
j

2 2
j

2 2
j

; khi
; khi

k 5
k 5

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

(2) Tra bng phn b Student xc nh gi

tr tp(f) , vi p=0,05 v f = u 1.
(3) So snh cc gi tr tj (t0, t1, t2, t3, t12, t13, t23)
va tnh vi gi tr tp(f): Nu tj < tp(f) : loi b h
s bj ra khi PTHQ
Vit li PTHQ ng (sau khi loi b cc h
s bj khng c ngha).

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

Bc 7. Tnh cc gi tr thc i (1, 2, ,
8) ca cc nhn t nghin cu da vo
PTHQ ng v du cc gi tr x1, x2
=> Sau a cc gi tr j vo bng
tnh ton cc gi tr (Yi i)2 trong bng.

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

2. Kim nh s tng thch ca PTHQ so vi thc nghim. =>
ta dng chun Fisher.
B1. Tnh gi tr F thc nghim bng cng thc:

Trong : N l s th nghim.
l: h s c ngha trong PTHQ (h s cn li trong PTHQ
ng, sau khi loi b cc h s khng c ngha).

2. Nhng phng n trc giao cp hai

B2. Tra bng phn b Fisher xc nh gi tr
Fp (f1,f2)
Vi: p=0,05 ; f1 = N-l; f2 = u 1 (u: s TN
tm).
B3. So snh gi tr F tnh v Fp (f1,f2):
=> Nu: F < Fp (f1,f2) th PTHQ tng thch vi
thc nghim, ngha l: PTHQ xy dng ph
hp vi cc s liu thc nghim.

V d
Xy dng m t ton hc cho qu trnh phn hy brt bng hn
hp cc acid sulfuric v phosphoric. Cc yu t nh hng n
mc phn hy c xc nh nh sau:
Z1: nhit phn ng (oC)
Z2: thi gian phn ng (pht)
Z3: nh mc acid phosphoric (%)
Z4: nng acid (%)

Z1

Z2

Z3

Z4

Z jo

55

37,5

80

32,8

Zj

25

22,5

20

18,8

V d
STT

xo

x1

x2

x3

x4

x1

x2

x3

x4

x1x2

x1x3

x1x4

x2x3

x2x4

x3x4

86,
9

40.
0

66.
0

34.
4

76.
6

55.
7

91.
0

47.
6

74.
1

10

52.
0

11

74.

V d
STT

xo

x1

x2

17

18

+1,
414

95,
4

19

1,4
14

41,
7

20

1,4
14

79,
0

21

1,4
14

42,
4

22

1,4
14

77,
6

23

1,4
14

58,
0

24

1,4
14

45,
6

25

1,4
14

52,
3

x3

x4

x1

x2

x3

x4

x1x2

x1x3

x1x4

x2x3

x2x4

x3x4

y
61,
8

V d 2
Tiu chun ISO 12944 xut rt nhiu h sn cho nh thit k tham kho, la chn
ng vi cc tiu ch khc nhau cho trc, Sn Atex ca Hn Quc c chn nghin
cu tnh nng chng n mn cho kt cu thp trong iu kin kh quyn bin Vit Nam.
Khong bin thin ca cc bin trong quy hoch thc nghim nh sau:
- Lp sn lt epoxy giu km chiu dy L = 120 -160(m), tm l LO = 140m, L =
11,76m;
- Lp sn trung gian epoxy chiu dy T =100 140(m), tm l To = 120m, T =
11,76m;
- Lp sn ph polyurethane chiu dy P = 80 -100(m), tm l P = 90 m, P = 5,88 m.

Xc nh m t ton hc ca thm thu ion clorua qua lp sn

ST
T

x1

x2

x3

4
5

+
-

[Cl-]
10-3
mol/l
0,004
6
0,006
6
0,007
8
0,009
0,004
2
0,006
9

STT

x1

x2

x3

10
11
12
13
14

+
-
0
0
0

0
0
+
-
0

15
16
17
18

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
+

-
0
0
0

[Cl-]
10-3
mol/l
0,0043
0,0087
0,0040
0,0077
0,0059
0,0063
0,0079
0,0078
0,0075