ing what to we by write, pre hes statment 0 uin, usta vague roton of what woud mater, mogal. fe wing” HOW es fit a eee wn een rg on Dis youattend other coleges before attending the one st 19 the one at high youre usng this cok Vilareva dete the terre between hy communes lege othe Ur vey of Wasingon os sehooe hatte es. 521) youve atended eat eeu and Fryar eee oo ya ate den hoo br of pls nth ce lant aks ot jist bos 21" ut about outhet whove ideas about ming and teaching wing raped eur ting Applying and Exploring Ides ork te ani acl icayearston aaa te hing ele because of hs writing Carer wate you rst ee beng pa ctsne th aot her agit rt hese ed bt aces toe 1 hereon of : creeds) tha? res ovo rngun oie rae se Fa 2. alae vitanunas pee hae using Band natn of tracy pono, What tte os se ili tart oy sistas you can | Wht these spon alow i? # Dozzne Roles Decne Ani wo cle ch sh aches ote ‘cotcatos? Deo talepetatnsih ta torte pes sn goe ark barlesof what each pete. look up ntormation about bert Kapa’ “ontie eto" Wit two treepoe explanation desrBing conasve eta a ert hy right k hove ped dene Vilrwee mle ese oon exec clas ake serse Ns on expences Fea ‘Meta Moment Learning to Read MALCOLM X 1X; Maleokn. The Autobiognepy of Maleoor XE Alex Haley. New York Ballantine 1965. Prin Froming the Reading acim Xws bor Makln Ute ia Osh, Neato 1825 Esenily omar 353 rhe ean a ste fess names becare vein china acy, and onDed eaertchol ir ehth ade afer» tocer tld im is ace woud prevent hr fem feiag yen 1845, Mewar seed to prio, whee ed veraccuy Aer Renton of ton, he cerged Meat nate 0," exlnng in is eutboaanhy Peay place ie ite severest are of ite” A tong advocate fer the vats of ican arias alec care an lant ack nthe Natio of lam tlc the ergnaaton 964, bacon 2 Sune Rim and founding ncrunaation Th tis Gopterne exept 9 pce Hor The Acogaay of Makokn % which be road 10 len tay shorty before hs eat, dese Mak Xs acount 3: een ising mary of he pce ha Deborah Beret nods n “Spor of Ute Pe ay) forename ace Xs account ot how be cae to read emake (Peston eat shows the ele of etna ir Marae 2d ingen He had tora, he tad a reading fel ctv To ead fre Mieco 30 Clourbncts thy cn have ae wel 5 Row rary Spanos a the Ke oe De cnart hat ending Maco X exten neon wedging up your un oitestge nour te, wh roy kr abon what wrayer er ie yousces tad hehe ee re wert hi 0 toad bs erie ice We tek ol fod ararmpaion of Getting Ready to Read Before yoo ed, 6 twat neo the loving ates «bo sore ang arin about Maeolm Xan Homaphy males about hater and ho, "Howie powFOR BEDFORD/ST. MARTIN'S. Publisher for Composition: Leasa Burton ‘Executive Editor: John E, Sullivan IL ‘Senior Production Editor: Bridget Leaby “Assistant Production Manager: Joe Ford Marketing Manager: Emily Rowin Editorial Assistant: Rachel Greenhaes Copy Editor: Steve Patterson Indexer: Leoni Z. MeVey Photo Researcher: Christine End Senior Art Director: Anna Palehile “Text Design: Brian Salisbury Cover Design: Marine Miller ‘Composition: Cenveo Publisher Services Printing and Binding: RR Donnelley and Sons President, Bedford/St. Martin's: Denise B. Wydra Editorial Director, English and Music: Karen S. Henry Director of Marketing: Karen R. Socltz Production Director: Sosan W. Brown. Director of Rights and Permissions: Wilary Newman. Copyright © 2014, 2011 by Bedford/St. Martin's ‘Al aghtsreseeved. No part ofthis book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sy5- fem, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, phovocopy- Ing, recording or otherwise, except as may be expressly permitted by the applicable copyright statutes or in writing by the Publisher “Manufactured in the United States of America. For information, write: BedfordiSt. Martin's, 75 Arlington Street, Boston, MA 02116 (617-399-4000) ISBN; 978-1-4576.3694-3, ‘Acknowledgments ‘Acknowledginents and copyrights can be found at the back of the book on pages 805-09, which constitute an extension of the copyright page. Tr is a violation of the law to reproduce these selections by any means whatsoever ‘without the written permission of the copyright holder. pps eeeow aan ben ets as nines bn + ow ios Moki Mercy neste enonde ith if expres. “ee age eign tere are ow oo Mek Xs ry Hera) ‘1 oi ray experince an teac snr corge 1 wae acne of my Kereta Scouts some kindof «homemade cvstion eee Tscame sessnaly fisted at nx being able to capes whet | seed enn) i er hat toot, especially those to ME ish Meliommad. she serce, ten the mou stilate lr ont there had commanded steton when sid something. Bot mom, © tryin timp Eagle I fincional. How would 1 Sind writing slong she way 1 ang th ay would i sreting sah 3 Ie ae el ee aap ee TER eed eae cee Maay who today hen ne somewhere in \ : who read something esd wl hin {went shoal fe Beyond the eg tre Timon eee yp Preteens i el eae ds Le leben ey Seki eed Au aracay hea menen Oa eeal shod might el ae Ce Wh ped ae rds, of course, [really ended up with little idea of what the book said. Sc ‘ motions, Prey soon, I would hive uit even these epotone, eles Thad re «ceived the motivation that Idi ewes roe some word Inky a eo ao tt anship. Tt was sad. T could elie Inne my reves wre srg Ine eager that moved ne to equet ad some tablets and pencils from the Norfolk Prison Ce ere I spent ese days just riff Sin ee Uncen through the tionary’ pages. : 7 monica dn inc which wont ied ln: Fly pr tr foes FEL eect, Lomeaneoar og ed my slow painstaking, cagged hans copied into my abet eer sh pied on that Gast page, down tot punetuation mas EE Dok me a day Then, ald, {rend back, ro mpsel exerting ravinin on the tablet, Over and over alow, co mel | rend my own handwetng nate. ext morning inking abou those words— immer proud > “otk ae or only had wren so mach atone cme, Put Td writ co scl ere ew were inthe werd: orev, with i lfor 1 ao word ba inber what man ofthese worden Tried the words won could seme rermeribe Fun thing fo he desonary fest pase ihe sane pean aprings to my mind The Goma hada pe of re ong ac ureoving Anan mammal whi vs fermen aoe aickng us tongte as am anteater dos fr a5 ugh yc tha | went ont caped the dcionarys next page And ee stance came when I studed that With evry succeeding pty aoe cat people and places and evens rom hitory Actaly he dco ae eae Torre encyclopedia ee cionary's A section ad fled Se rand {went oma he R.That waste way Tate copying aoe came the etre dictionary. went lt faster afer so much a ip meek up handing spec: Beceen what wre my rats eran eres, ting te est of my mein prison T woul guess terote a million words Meera wan neitable that at ry worse broadened, tcl for iene Hap a book and read and now begin to understand what the Ao rg: Anvone wh hat ead great deal can imagine the new word Ta eect me el you something: fom then un ef shat pion it sha ope Tee Thad iT was not fading mse Hira Twas eadng O° ere ou cult have gorten me out of books witha wedge Beween noma teachings, ny coreapondenc, my vsvors—asully Ella and Me Mane reading of books, ont ase without my even inking Basin ame peed face, up to hen Hee? Hal Lnen go rly Foe i my life 1 oxfolk Prison Colon’ brary wasinthe schoo! building A variety of 12 Cee ee eg chee by intact: who cane from such places a» Harvard last a css," weekly debates between inmate teams were aso aa oo or ulin, You would be astonished to knove how worked up a and audiences woud yet over subjet like “Should Babies Be Fed Mille” 1 con the prison ibrar’ shelves were books onjust about every gen 19 er ea Mucha the big private collection cat Pakharst had wiles othe crn si filin ceates and bones the back fhe Rear ehowsands of old prison was herooked ancient: cavers fade, ome parchment ooking ron pau, Ce mentioned, seemed o have ben principally nested aire areyeligon, He had the money andthe spec interest co bave ¢ i hor amar yu onl’ ave n general ciculation. Any college brary ‘Mould have been icky o get that collection Z| ay 4 | | auBeep pce daee Ste Noein ek ay preferred reading in the total isolation of my own ee ‘Whe ad progres oly seins eager ge nat, L would be outraged with the “lights out.” leaf Dacre aa Sui UAMN Chemcahiog aiietaie See ee four hoors of sleep a night was enough for me fee os of ep igh forme. Often in the year inthe seers ee en ric bei the pie ioee ‘simply had been = eines svenil-piade United Stats hirory back In Mason, he the Nero had ben covered one prota he cher bad sorter a big laugh with his joke," Negros fet hey eiteuae emai ee eee “This on reno why Me Mohammad teachin over the Untied Ses among ll Nevo wheter ar hey Beane lowers of Mr. Muhammad, The teaching ring tue-—to every Neg eae Sar tow mee Hck ln Ancor hone fv at wh kn ow te tory Bok anni tht abo ek tran Took speci pans o unt in he bear ar aks hae won inf ene the ieary for books that woud nou an remember sccurtly the very Bt eof book Pre Gest ef ok hat lly mpresed 21 ie ave re ova a sk dare name yee 5 they grow up. I's called Wonders ofthe Worl. ls fll of pituces of ‘chelopal ny tos dency wll non European pean found bokslike Wil Durst’ Stor of Ciztion. Lead H.G. Wells Ow itr. Sn of Black Fo by WEB, Dy Bis gave mea gins me tne Apert hisory befor they eae his country. Cats ©. Wonssoes Cae amy opened ny eer abut black npr befor the lack save was ae the United Sats and th early Negro struggle fo feedom. mu ser tec volume of Sex and Race tol about cessing fore 2 cor pour Acsop ting black man who tld fables bout Eevee eu the erent Coptic Chrsian Empires about Fale, the Phacaoi ominous cvizaton, 0 China i te oes entinuons ulation, ilizaerammatl’s teaching bout how the white man had been cened ed 34 een igs a Genetics ty Gregor Mend The dcioncy’sGseton wat ad Kamed what generis” ment) {really ued this Book hy the wee pesnks ening over and ove especialy cereainstvons, helped Ata a ht You seced witha black man, a whit man cold De acs bur ang wh white ma, you aver could produ OC Pe eee whe gee recrsie And since noone dxpaes that there an one Oxginl Man the conclusion is lear. to ar year arson the Naw York Times, Arnold Toynbee wsed 2 et acribiagehe white man, (His words were: “White Mi pel human begs of North Earopeas origi...) Toynbee also dae ee European grographic aca as ony a peinsls of Asta. He said refered ech ting et Europe. And if you lok. a the globe, you wil = shee hat Armetca only an extension of Asia Buta the same te (Lang tose who have beled to bleach story He has rien that Terns “ibe only content that prodaced no history. He won wrt that fat Every day nov he teh is coming 0 fight.) ai, Ever or ow shocked | was when I began reading about slavery’ 26 oe ae such an impact upon me that it ater became one of my ta) ote eE et when I foeame a minister of Mr. Muaramad’s. The world’s favor obi Wie, he nn andthe bod onthe White mans Bands = a aan eiblcto beer, Books ike the one by Frederick Olmstead opened are Pine ortrs sure when the save was landed nthe Unite Snes. re opcan wornan Fase Kinkall, who had maida Southern whit save aan rerreaibed how human beings were degraded, Of conre I read Unc rt ere fact believe thats tbe only novel Ihave ever sead since T seamed serious reading 1 i ect ale contained rome bound pamphlets ofthe Abol > Fata ary Society of New England ead deserptions of atrocities, Honig Apt oratone of black slave women ted up and flogged with whips: av nos hors watching their babies being dragged of, never robe seen by Seat eens of dogs after slaves and ofthe Tage save eatehers a a a eetK whe and cubs and chains and guns. ead about the SECTS er Nat Tune, ho put he fea of Godino the whit slaverase sere ert going around preaching piz-inthe-sky and “nor-silent”freeiom forthe black man. Therein Virginia one night in 1831, Nat and seven ‘other slaves stated outa is masts hone and through she sgh hey vent from one plantation "big house” eo she next, killing, ust by te next moons ing $7 white people were dead and Nat had ahout 70 slaves following inn ‘White people, ertifed for ther ives, fled fom tir homes, lacked emacs ‘up in pole buildings, hid inthe woods, and some even Tet the states Asal army of soles rook ewo months to catch and hang Net Timer Somchere have read where Nat Turner's example i said to ve inspired [ol to invade Virginia and attack Harper’ Ferry nearly tiny yes thirteen white men and five Negeoes Sn Brown Itt with 1 read Herodotus, "the father of Hintory or rates, | read about him, 2 ‘And I read the histories of various nation, which opened ny eyen gradually then wider and wider, o how the whole wurlt'’ white men ha indeed act like devits, pillaging and raping and bleeding and draining the whole worlds ‘non-white people. I remember, for instance, book such as Will Durancé story ‘f Oriental citation, and Mahatma G driv the Btsh cut of indi Book after book showed me how the white man had brought upon the 2° world’s blac, brown, red, and yellow peoples evry varity ofthe sierngs ‘of exploitation. saw how since the sixteenth century the so-called “Chretien trader” white man began to py the sess in his lst or Asan and Asan eun, Pires, and plunder and power I ead, saw, how the white men nevee has gone among the non-white peoples bearing the Cros in thet (of Christ's teachings—meek, humble, and Chrisie, Tperecived as Iread, how the collective white man had been actally noching. 30 bu apiratcal oppormnist who used Fassion machinations to make his owe ‘Christianity his intial wedge in criminal conquests. Fst, aways “religiously he branded “heathen” and “pagan” labels upon ancient non-nhiecultare ad ivizations. The sage thus he thea tuned upon his non white veins hs weapons of wat 1 read ow; cntvingIalie—tall« bition deeply eigous brown people— 51 ‘the Brish white man, by 1759, through promise, trickery and manipulations controled much of India ehrongh Great Britains East India Company, The Parastcal Brith administaion kept tentacling out to half ofthe subeone, nent In 1857, some ofthe desperate people of Ind finally musinied and, excepting the African slave trade, notwhere his history recorded any more lunneeessary bestal and rules hurnan carnage than rhe Beith supyrerion oF the non-white Indian people Over 145 milion Aftican blacks—close o the 1930s population of the s2 Uniced States—were murdered or enslaved during the slave wade, And I reed how when the slave market was glutted, the cannibalistic white powers of Eu rope next carved up, as ther coloncy, the richest areas ofthe blk comnene And Europe's chanelle forthe next century played a chess game of raked ‘exploitation and power from Cape Horn to Cae, Ten guards and the warden coulda’t have orn me out of those books, Not +3 ‘ven Eliak Muhammad could have been more eloquent tha those hooks were randhi's accounts of the struggle fue manner ane spirit ig roving i Perch se ers cole Tonite der Ten today tthe radio, nd watch an re coflecve whe ran fea and nso neofesses ignorance aboot why the Chines np fang ack to what Fee eae ens sume wate man oped Cia 3 Fa oe ny sho pan fhe Cer eres St Hs or goverment Sin or War was promptly declaredby the white man, Imagine! De white man had acted Uke a jam, and read the headlines a concerning China. When the ite irae, my mind n prison, abour how the blood atime when China as ste suo Chins ml thousand chess of opium, The sobre to being narctied! The Chinese were severly rar apon someone who ob Ceceee ath Chinesesnvented gunpowder white man for the “fee Trenty of Nanking made China pay the British wh Teed open Chin's major Sina sandon Hons Kong: aed ches crn ae son oded i aig Chis ort to Betis trades freed xport tariffs so Love that heap, Psindustnil development resp Opium Wat, the Tinta Teaties legalized the ayagiog 35 oP Chine ie! delaying that Tess a buened ret ane foreign white devist” was the 1901 Chinese war ery the Boxer Jc egulized a Beitsh-French-American contol of China’ cus, cations Poking was looted and king choke ebllon Lanny again, this time the Chinese were driven from Pei Searcar The visions, arogant white man pat ‘re doge not allowed tp the famout signs, "Chinese sen white worl 57 Sorte riea after World War Il close its doors ro the Western. hi Maire Chinese arti, sient, and ind fusca efor are described i & ire ae a een! ‘a hate-white campaign as tt ee fie Cay iS esi ean inch Uni Nos any wor shal arg clr inesan alae mong non-white masons Pad isencngaedonB280 ucts nuclear tt aes population. And it seems re roost, with China’ recent la oder being 8 United anne” was Being payed Me 35 right. He was facing eat. Daan game” is being payed. But Ambassador St James accusing the marsbl of earring gu. evenson eounded like Tee Because mlo inthe wood his ‘eer eras played a worse “skin game” than the white mam sing dy do deaf whacs new 3 a ee ccuk ay ear to document ee cae csp tem as sito touch all the Imdmatks of pilo- 4 be old philosophers, Occidentalsnd Oriental, The Oriental philosopher were the ones T came o prefer finaly, iy impression was tht most Occidental philosophy had largely been erowed from the Oriemal thinkers, Socrates, for instance, traveled in Eaype Some Sources even say that Socrates was inte into same ol the Egypan moves ‘Obviowsy Socrates gor some af hie wisdom among the Eats ele anor ‘have often reflected upon che new visa that reading opened tones knew ‘ight herein prison tha ceading hed changed forever the courc of my lie Ae "see oday the ably to cead awoke inde me some long dormant caving to be mentally alive; certainly wasn’t serking any degree the way a college confers stats symbol upon its student, My homemade edeation gave ey with every additonal book that I reat ive bit more semi tote dee. ness, duumbness, and blindness that as alitng the blac race Sn Ammeie, Notlong ago, an English write telephoned me from London asking querton, ‘One was, "Whats your alma mater?" [old him, “Books.” You will ver atch ‘me with ee fifteen minutes in which I'm not studying someting fs! might beable help the black man, Yesterday Tspoke in Londoa, nd both ways onthe plane across the Atlantic {was studying a document about how the United Natons proposes o insure the human ight f the oppressed minorie ofthe world. The American Blackman isthe world's mos sbamefal case of minonty oppression. What makes the Hack ‘man shink of himself s only en iaternal United Sats ase ist a catch phrase two words, “ii rights” How isthe black man going to get“ gin before firs he wins his buna rights? Ifthe American back man wl start thinking bout his human sights, and then sare thinking of himself a part of one ofthe Worl’ gree peoples, he wil sce he has a cose forthe United Nations. ean’ think of Better case! Four hundred yeas of black blood and sweat invested here in America, and the white man sil has the Black man beseing for what every immigrant fresh off the ship can take fr granted ehe minas he walks down the gangplank, Buc 'm digressing, I old che Enlishman tha my alma mate wae books ‘ova Iibrary. Everytime I catch a plane, (have with me s hook tht T want to ead—and that's lotof books these days fT weren't out here everyday bt ling the white man, I soul spend ee rest of my life racing, ow eateying oy euriosiey—becsuse you can hardly mention aything I'm not curious abt don't thnk anybody ever got mote out of ging to prison chan {di In fac, prison enabled me to study fa more icessively that T would have if my he had gone differently and T had atended some college. imagine that on of the bigest roubles with colleges is there are roo many eistaetons, eo mach pent raiding, fraternities, and boola-boola and al ofthat. Where ce bet in 8 prison could Ihave attacked my ignorance by being able rosy intensely Sometimes as mach as Biteen hours 8 day? 1s for Discussion and Journsling uesto 1 omens Xen aes How youth 3 jw des akon Xtina? How ces hs define car theo ted ere? cape ros crion iw spon 5 may aan yucan oan et sonor dnt eto Pepe re) roo eutins which can oth ry wel 2s ode) Tionor ine resin? hat wre hr motor 1 ran exis tht poole fe uber or misppeprite the nents of hel Saraoe we pp #6 36-57 pare. 7 04271 Was sees the cate wth Naki ees dha reference work the a che ee antes gusset bea Bn a Tain re fat home eye eve undetahiso Ot eS tara re any ge sen spar Pca ne tion helped you Bactde wht, oF how much, ¥o read? 4. ates ptr wg a sels X aces nh coum They edeaton? Hew do you tine hepa hi eed? Can you thek of ay that tert pd ou become beter eit? ‘nye atte etna gets san act bas er FO teva pucn ery edd oe privy cue wou use 0 rea peniigt aly pin rena wea oop tent et beet ape er eaane” How woul ou adhe yo tn wad ap en? Maran cher might ays the mast mertant idea in the Mako X joe, odo you reeset open anna ros nt es