SEMINAR

2005

ECO

phile

Ex-situ :
on-site :
off-site :

In-situ :

Biological / Physical-chemical / Thermal

: .
: .
: , .

In-situ

Ex-situ

In-situ

Ex-situ

Biological

Bioventing, Biodegradation, Natural attenuation,

Phytoremeadiation, White rot fungus

Physicalchemical

Soil vapor extraction, Soil flushing,

Solidfication/Stabilization, Pneumatic fracturing

Thermal

Thermally enhanced SVE, Vitrification

Biological

Composting, Landfarming,
Slurry phase biological treatment,
Controlled solid phase biological treatment,

Physicalchemical

Soil washing, Soil vapor extraction,

Solidification/Stabilization, solvent extraction,
Chemical reduction/Oxidation, Dehalogenation,
Excavation, Retrieval, Off-site disposal

Thermal

Incineration, Thermal desorption, Pyrolysis,

Vitrification

1. Biodegradation
2. Bioventing

In-situ

3.
4.
5.
6.

white Rot Fungus

Pneumatic Fracturing
Soil Flushing
Soil Vapor Extraction

7. Solidification/Stabilization
8. Thermally Enhanced SVE
9. Vitrification
10. Natural Attenuation

Ex-situ

VOCs

Semi-VOCs

Fuels

Inorganics

Explosive
s

11.
12.
13.
14.

Compost
Controlled Soil Phase Biological Treatment
Landfarming
Slurry Phase Biological Treatment

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

Chemical Reduction/Oxidation
Dehalogenation(BCD)
Dehalogenation(Glycolate)
Soil Washing
Soil Vapor Extraction

20.
21.
22.
23.

Solidification/Stabilization
Solvent Extraction (Chemical Extraction)
High Temperature Thermal Desorption
Hot Gas Decontamination

24.
25.
26.
27.

Incineration
Low Temperature Thermal Desorption
Open Burn/Open Detonation
Pyrolysis

28. Vitrification
29. Extraction, Retrieval, and Off-Site Disposal

1.
2.
3.
4.

, ,

, ,
, ,


Bioremediation((
))
Bioremediation

, , pH,

C,N,P

( - In Situ)

In-situBiodegradation
Biodegradation
In-situ

Schematic Diagram Df Typical In-Situ Bioremediation System using Infiltration Gallery

-

-
- ,

Water Supply
(If Necessary)

Slotted PVC
Piping
Infiltration
Gallery

Filter
Nutrient
Aeration

Water Treatment
(If Necessary)
Discharge

Transfer
Pump
Vapor Phase

Reintroduced Former
LUST Location
Water

- 10-3 cm/ sec

Adsorbed Phase
Dissolved Phase

-
-Clay
- , , ,

Monitering
Wells

Groundwater
Flow Direction
Groundwater
Extraction Well

( - In Situ)

Bioventing(BioSlurping
(BioSlurping

))
Bioventing

-SVE Biodegradation
- VOC

-

- SVE

-

-
- ( : 10-5 cm/ sec)
- (40% ) => ,

( - In Situ)

AirSparging
Sparging(BioSlurping
(BioSlurping

))
Air

-BV Biodegradation
- SVE/BV/Air Sparging/Soil Flushing
, .
- VOC

-

-
-

( - In Situ)

Phytoremediation
Phytoremediation

-
- , ,
: ,

:

:

-
-
-

( - In Situ)

NaturalAttenuation
Attenuation
Natural

- ( , , , )


-

-

- 2

-

( - Ex Situ)

Bio-pile
Bio-pile

-Biopile

-Piles heaping , ,

-Biopile landfarming
,

-Landfarming
Biopile pile

- 95% 0.1ppm
.
- 50,000ppm
-2,500ppm
-
-Landfarming ,
.
- .


Bio-pile
Bio-pile

( - Ex Situ)

( - Ex Situ)

Landfarming((
))
Landfarming

-

-
.
( , , )
pH

- ( )
-
-
-
- .
-

-
-

( - Ex Situ)

Composting((
))
Composting

- 50 - 55
,
- bulking agent
- , , , windrow,
aerated static pile, in-vessel composting, anaerobic processing
Windrow: pile , .

Aerated Static Pile:
.
In-vessel Composting: , , vessel

.
Anaerobic Processing: .

- => ,

-
-
- Ex-Situ VOC

( - In Situ)

SVE(Soil
(SoilVapor
VaporExtraction)
Extraction)
SVE

-

-

-
- Henrys > 0.01, > 0.5mmHg

-
- VOC

( - In Situ)

SoilFlushing
Flushing((
))
Soil

-

- In-Situ: Soil Flushing
Ex-Situ: Soil Washing
-

-
-
-
- ,

-

( - In Situ)

SoilFlushing
Flushing((
))
Soil

Surfactant NaCl Alcohol

Solution
Mixing
Tank

Tank for recycle

n
To injectio
wells

Ultra-filtration Air stripping Oil/water separator

( - In/Ex Situ)

Electrokinetics((

,,Soil
SoilFlushing
Flushing
))
Electrokinetics

- In-situ remediation ( , )
- ( , , ..)

Purging
electrolyte

DC power supply

Effluent
processing

-
(Clay )
- In situ Bioremediation NAPLs
Seeding
Nutrient Feeding

cathode-

+anode

- In-situ Bioremediation

EO

- ,

H+

M+

-
-
- ,

X-

OH-

( - In/Ex Situ)

( - In/Ex Situ)

Solidification/Stabilization((
//

))
Solidification/Stabilization

-

Solidification:

Stabilization:

: ,

-
-
2
-In-Situ

( - Ex Situ)

SoilWashing
Washing((
))
Soil

-



-
,



- /
,
-

- ( Silt, Clay)
.
- ( )
.
-
.
- 2

( - In Situ)

Vitrification((
))
Vitrification

( - Ex Situ)

ThermalDesorption
Desorption((

))
Thermal

- ,
,
- ,

- (incineration)
-
-
- (LTTD): 90-320 .
- ,

- (HTTD): 320-560

LTTD: Non-halogenated VOCs, SVOCs, Fuel

-HTTD: SVOCs, PAHs, PCBs, , (Hg,Cd ),
Coal
tar

-

- (humic)

-
-PCBs Dioxins
- ,

( - Ex Situ)

Incineration((

))
Incineration

-

-870 1,200 CO2,
H2S,
-

- , , ,

: , , PCBs, Dioxins

-
-
-
- ,

-

-