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CU TRC CU TING ANH

I. Cu khng nh
Ch ng + V ng + Tn ng/ B ng.
Subject + Verb + Object/Complement.
Examples:
1.
2.

A dog bites me. (Mt con ch cn ti).

My beautiful girlfriend gives me a birthday card. (Bn gi xinh p ca ti
tng ti mt tm thip sinh nht).
3.
She is beautiful.
phn tch cc thnh phn cu.

Ch ng l danh t ( A dog), cm danh t (my beautiful girlfriend), hoc

i t (She).
Ch ng : gy ra hnh ng, trng thi, s vic (v ng). Nh trong nhng v d
trn: A dog gy ra vic bite; My beautiful girlfriend c hnh ng give.

V ng l ng t. Trong ting Anh, c mt iu d, ch ng t lm v

ng.

Tn ng l thnh phn c v ng tc ng ti. Nh trong v d, me

khng gy ra vic bite m b tc ng bi bite; me khng c hnh
ng give m l nhn t c give.
B ng: l thnh phn b ngha, lm r cho ch ng. Trong v d She is
beautiful., beautiful l b ng, n lm r hn cho ch ng She.
II. Cu ph nh v cu hi
Trong cu ph nh v cu hi ca ting Anh, chng ta dng tr ng t
h tr cho ng t chnh.
1. Cu ph nh:
Dng tr ng t v NOT sau ch ng.
Subject + Auxiliary (tr ng t) + NOT + verb.
V d: A dog DOES NOT bite me.
My beautiful girlfriend DOESNT give me a birthday card.

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She is NOT beautiful.

2. Cu hi:
Dng tr ng t trc ch ng.

Cu hi nghi vn:
Auxiliary + Subject + verb?
V d:

DOES a dog bite you?

DOES your beautiful girlfriend give you a birthday card?

IS she beautiful?

Cu hi c t hi:
Wh. + auxiliary + subject + verb? **
V d:

Who DOES a dog bite?

Who DOES your beautiful girlfriend give a birthday card?

Who is beautiful?

Tn ng (complement / object) v cc vn lin

quan trong ting Anh
ng t dng lm tn ng
Khng phi bt c ng t no trong ting Anh cng u i hi tn ng ng
sau n l mt danh t. Mt s cc ng t li i hi tn ng sau n phi l m
t ng t khc. ng t dng lm tn ng c chia lm hai loi:
Loi 1: ng t nguyn th lm tn ng (to + verb)
Bng di y l nhng ng t i hi tn ng sau n l mt ng t nguyn
th khc.

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John expects to begin studying law next semester.

Mary learned to swim when she was very young.
The committee decided to postpone the meeting.
The president will attempt to reduce inflation rate.
Trong cu ph nh, thm not vo trc ng t lm tn ng:
John decided not to buy the car.
Loi 2: ng t Verb-ing dng lm tn ng
Bng di y l nhng ng t i hi tn ng theo sau n phi l mt Verbing

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John admitted stealing the jewels.

We enoved seeing them again after so many years.
You shouldnt risk entering that building in its present condition.
He was considering buying a new car until the prices went up.
The Coast Guard has reported seeing another ship in the Florida Straits.
Trong cu ph nh, thm not vo trc Verb-ing.
John regretted not buying the car.
Lu rng trong bng ny c mu ng t can't help doing/ but do smt c
ngha khng th ng c phi lm g
With such good oranges, we can't help buying two kilos at a time.

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Bng di y l nhng ng t m tn ng sau n c th l mt ng

t nguyn th hoc mt verb-ing m ng ngha khng thay i.

He started to study after dinner = he started studying after dinner.

Lu rng trong bng ny c mt ng t can't stand to do/doing smt: khng
th chu ng c khi phi lm g.
He can't stand to wait (waiting) such a long time.
Bn ng t c bit
l nhng ng t m ng ngha ca chng s i khc hon ton khi tn
ng sau n l mt ng t nguyn th hoc verb-ing.
1a)

Stop to do smt: dng li lm g

He stoped to smoke = Anh ta dng li ht thu c.

1b)

Stop doing smt: dng lm vic g

He stoped smoking = Anh ta b thuc.

2a) Remember to do smt: Nh s phi lm g
Remember to send this letter. = Hy nh gi bc th ny nh.
2b) Remember doing smt: Nh l lm g
I remember locking the door before leaving, but now I can't find the key.
c bit n thng c dng vi mu cu: S + still remember + V-ing : Vn
cn nh l ...

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I still remember buying the first motorbike 3a) Forget to do smt: qun s phi
lm g
I forgot to pickup my child after school = Ti qun khng n con.
3b) Forget doing smt: (qun l lm g). c bit n thng c dng vi
mu cu S + will never forget + V-ing: s khng bao gi qun c l ...
She will never forget meeting the Queen = C y khng bao gi qun ln gp
N hong 4a) Regret to do smt: Ly lm tic v phi lm g (thng dng khi
bo tin xu)
We regret to inform the passengers that the flight for Washington DC was
canceled because of the bad weather.
4b) Regret doing smt: Ly lm tic v lm g
He regrets leaving school early. It's the biggest mistake in his life.
ng t ng sau gii t
Tt c cc ng t ng ngay sau gii t u phi dng V-ing.
Verb + preposition + verb-ing
Sau y l bng cc ng t c gii t theo sau, v vy cc ng t khc i sau
ng t ny phi dng dng verb-ing.

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John gave up smoking because of his doctors advice.

He insisted on taking the bus instead of the plane.
Hery is thinking of going to France next year.
Fred confessed to stealing the jewels
Ch rng 3 ng t cui cng trong bng trn, c gii t to i sau ng t.
l gii t ch khng phi l to trong ng t nguyn th (to do st), nn theo
sau n phi l mt verb-ing ch khng phi l mt verb nguyn th.
We are not looking forward to going back to school.
Jill objected to receiving the new position.
He confessed to causing the fire.
Adjective + preposition + verb-ing

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Mitch is afraid of getting married now.

We are accustomed to sleeping late on weekends. I am fond of dancing.
We are interested in seeing this film.
Noun + preposition + verb-ing

There is no reason for leaving this early.

George has no excuse for droping out of school.
There is a possibility of acquiring this property at a good price.
He has developed a method for evaluating this problem.
Cc trng hp khc
Trong cc trng hp khc, ng t i sau gii t cng phi dng verb-ing.
After leaving the party, he drove home.
He should have stayed in New York instead of moving to Maine.
ng t i sau tnh t
Ni chung, nu ng t i ngay sau tnh t (khng c gii t) th c dng
dng nguyn th. Nhng tnh t bao gm.

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It is dangerous to drive in this weather.

Mike is anxious to see his family.
We are ready to leave now.
It is difficult to pass this test.
Ch
able v capable c ngha nh nhau nhng cch dng khc nhau:
(able/ unable) to do smt = (capable/ incapable) of doing smt.
i t ng trc ng t nguyn th hoc V-ing trong tn ng
Trng hp tn ng l ng t nguyn th
Trong trng hp tn ng l ng t nguyn th (loi 1) th bt c danh t hay
i t no trc tip ng trc n cng phi dng tn ng (complement
form).
Joe asked her to call him.
S + V + {pronoun/ noun in complement form} + [to + verb] ...
Sau y l mt s ng t i hi tn ng l mt ng t nguyn th c i t
lm tn ng gin tip.

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We ordered him to appear in court.

I urge you to reconsider your decision.
They were trying to persuade him to change his mind.
The teacher permitted them to turn their assignments in late.
You should prepare your son to take this examination.
Trng hp tn ng l V-ing
Subject + verb + {pronoun/ noun}(possessive form) + verbing...
Trong trng hp tn ng l mt V- ing th i t/danh t phi dng s hu.
We understand your not being able to stay longer.
We object to their calling at this hour.
He regrets her leaving.
We are looking forward to their coming next year.
We dont approve of Johns buying this house.
We resent the teachers not announcing the test sooner.

Read more: http://www.dieutri.vn/english/2-11-2014/S5525/Tan-ngu-

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