Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(Ove r View )
Ta ble of Conte nts
GL Overview
Sub Processes
Master Data
Transaction Processing
Account Analysis / Reconciliation
Periodic Processing
Reporting
Financial Accounting / Controlling
Financial Accounting
• Legal / Statutory Accounts
• Standard Ledgers
• Master Data Integrates with Controlling
Controlling
• Management Accounts
• Manage Budget Expenditure
General Ledger - Integration
The general ledger holds all accounts for balance sheet and income
(profit and loss) statements.
The general ledger contains a number of sub ledgers:
Accounts Payable records all accounting transactions for dealings
with suppliers. Much of its data is obtained from procurement
(Materials Management).
Accounts Receivable records all accounting transactions for
dealings with customers. Much of its data is obtained from Sales
and Distribution.
Asset Accounting records all accounting transactions relating to the
management of assets.
Bank ledger supports the posting of cash flows.
All general ledger account postings that post to business expense
accounts automatically send the expenses as costs to Controlling. The
balances of general ledger accounts are used to calculate financial
statements.
A Group Hierarchical Structure
Company A Group
A Grp Common
Chart of Accounts Chart of Accounts
)YCCA(
Financial
Accounting
General
Ledger
Account Groups
GL Account Master Record
GL MASTER
t :
gm up
l M ro
ia g
er nt
Chart Of Accounts Company Code
at ou
c
SEGMENT SEGMENT
Ac
M
da l r
e ro e b
nc n m
re co u
ta
fe g t n
t
re tin n u
er os o
th P cc
O t. a
•Account number •Account currency
Au ank
•GL description •Field Status group
B
Bl ocki ng of G/L Accounts
NOTE: You can set or cancel the posting indicator at any time
Ma rk G/L Accounts fo r D eletio n
Financial
Accounting
General
Ledger
Holding an incomplete
document
Simulate No
(Enough Info
to Complete Posting?)
Create/Display a Parked
Document
Yes
Debit Credit
1,000,000
800,000 Line items
200,000
Dates:
• Document Date,
• Posting Date,
• Translation Date,
• Entry Date (automatic),
• Period.
Document Type
Company Code
Currency
Additional information:
• Reference,
• Short text.
Line items
Document entered
correctly
Posting functions
2.
3.
Line Items:
PK Account Amount
40 123000 5000
50 345560 2000
50 907902 3000
Document # 2:
Line Items:
PK Account Amount
40 123000 5000
50 345560 2000
50 907902 3000
Mass Reversal
Procedure
Financial
Accounting
General
Ledger
Account balance
Account Balances display
• Opening Balance (Carry forward Balance from previous year)
• Totals of all transactions for each posting period broken down for
• Debits and Credits
From these figures the system calculates the following for the
account balance function
• Balance per posting period
• Accumulated balance for the account
Account: balance and line items
Line items
Functions supporting
account analysis are
grouped on the
“Application toolbar”
Open Item cl eari ng
Reversal of clearing
Financial
Accounting
General
Ledger
Calendar Year
Year 2003
Properties Periods
FY Variants R1 FY Variants R1
Calendar Year Mo. Day Period Year
Year-Dependent C 01 31 10 -1
No. of Post. Per. 12 02 28 11 -1
No. of Special Per. 2 03 31 12 -1
04 30 01
:
12 31 09
Accounts
xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Automatic clearing
program
Deferrals & Accruals
Accruals and deferrals can be handled automatically by the SAP R/3
system
Accrual/Deferral Documents are created on a monthly basis to record
expenses/income which were anticipated but not yet realized
Once a transaction has been approved, it can be set up and run
automatically each month.
The recurring entry program helps to maintain Accruals / Deferrals
postings
• Standard Journal Posting
• Has a reversing date
• Reversal Date can be any date in the future
• Monthly job is scheduled to reverse all Accrual/Deferral Documents automatically
Recurring Entry Document
Document ‘s
Header
Line items
General Ledger Process Overview
Financial
Accounting
General
Ledger
Balance Cash
Sheet Flow FI
Income
External Reporting Statement
CO
Internal Reporting
Product
Cost Profit
Cost
Center Center
Financial Statement Version
Financial Statement Versions are set up to represent the balance
sheet and P+L statement according to your own specific requirements
• Can be created for different legal entities
• Can be created in different Languages
• Are executed in desired currency i.e. Local, Group
SAP Menu
Transaction SA38
SAP Menu
Transaction SA38
Report Execution