HUAWEI GSM Base Station Subsystem BSS Fe

HUAWEI GSM Base Station Subsystem
GBSS8.1
BSS Feature Parameter Description

Issue
01
Date
20090430
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2010. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address:
Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
Issue 01 (20090430)
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

About This Document
About This Document
Purpose
BSS features consist of basic BSS features and optional BSS features. This document describes
the following aspects of the BSS features:
l
Change History
Overview
Technical Description
Engineering Guidelines
Maintenance Information
Reference Documents
Product Version
The following table lists the product versions related to this document.
Product Name
Product Model
Product Version
BSC
BSC6000
Refer to the version information in each feature.
BTS
BTS3012
BTS3012AE
BTS3006C
BTS3002E
BTS3900 GSM
BTS3900A GSM
DBS3900 GSM
Issue 01 (20090430)

iii

About This Document
Target Groups
This document is intended for people who have:
l
Basic GSM knowledge
Working experience on GSM
Organization
1 Handover
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not
avoided,will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which
if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not
avoided,could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save
time.
Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement
important points of the main text.
General Conventions
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
iv
Convention
Description
Times New Roman
Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Boldface
Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.
Italic
Book titles are in italics.
Courier New
Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.

Issue 01 (20090430)

About This Document
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic
Command arguments are in italics.
[]
Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.
{ x | y | ... }
Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected.
[ x | y | ... ]
Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.
{ x | y | ... }*
Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all
items can be selected.
[ x | y | ... ]*
Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.
GUI Conventions
The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

are in boldface. For example, click OK.
>
Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.
Keyboard Operations
The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Format
Description
Key
Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2
Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt

+A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.
Key 1, Key 2
Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means

the two keys should be pressed in turn.
Issue 01 (20090430)


About This Document
Mouse Operations
The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
vi
Action
Description
Click
Select and release the primary mouse button without moving

the pointer.
Double-click
Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

quickly without moving the pointer.
Drag
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
pointer to a certain position.

Issue 01 (20090430)

Contents
Contents
About This Document...................................................................................................................iii
1 Handover......................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Change History................................................................................................................................................1-2
1.2 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................1-6
1.3 Technical Description.....................................................................................................................................1-9
1.3.1 Overview................................................................................................................................................1-9
1.3.2 Measurement Report Processing..........................................................................................................1-15
1.3.3 Handover Preprocessing.......................................................................................................................1-17
1.3.4 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I..........................................................................1-20
1.3.5 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II.........................................................................1-37
1.4 Maintenance Information..............................................................................................................................1-54
1.5 Reference Documents...................................................................................................................................1-86
Index.................................................................................................................................................i-1
Issue 01 (20090430)

vii

Figures
Figures
Figure 1-1 Procedure for performing Huawei handover algorithms....................................................................1-9
Figure 1-2 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I......................................................1-11
Figure 1-3 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm I.........................................................................1-13
Figure 1-4 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II....................................................1-14
Figure 1-5 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm II.......................................................................1-15
Figure 1-6 Load handover between cells............................................................................................................1-30
Figure 1-7 Load handover..................................................................................................................................1-31
Figure 1-8 Edge handover..................................................................................................................................1-32
Figure 1-9 Fast-moving micro cell handover.....................................................................................................1-33
Figure 1-10 Cell layers.......................................................................................................................................1-34
Figure 1-11 Handovers with high priority..........................................................................................................1-38
Figure 1-12 Handovers with normal priority.....................................................................................................1-39
Figure 1-13 Edge handover................................................................................................................................1-48
Figure 1-14 Fast-moving micro cell handover...................................................................................................1-49
Figure 1-15 Cell layers.......................................................................................................................................1-51
Issue 01 (20090430)

ix

Tables
Tables
Table 1-1 NEs involved in handover....................................................................................................................1-9
Table 1-2 Parameters related to the number of measurement reports................................................................1-17
Table 1-3 Parameters related to handover penalty.............................................................................................1-18
Table 1-4 Parameters related to handover..........................................................................................................1-54
Table 1-5 Counters related to handover.............................................................................................................1-60
Issue 01 (20090430)

xi

1 Handover
Handover
About This Chapter

1.1 Change History
1.2 Overview
1.3 Technical Description
1.4 Maintenance Information
1.5 Reference Documents
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-1

1 Handover
1.1 Change History

The change history provides information on the changes in different document versions.
Document and Product Versions

Document
Version
BSS Version
BSC Version
BTS Version
01(2009-04-30)
8.1
V900R008C12
V300R008
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:

l
Feature change
Feature change refers to the change in the Handover feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change
Editorial change refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was
not described in the earlier version.
01(2009-04-30)
This is the first commercial release of BSS8.1.
Compared with issue 02 (2008-06-30) of BSS8.0,issue 01 (2009-04-30) of BSS8.1 incorporates
the changes described in the following table.
Change
Type
Change Description
Parameter Change
Feature
change
The following contents are

updated and added:
The added parameter is listed as

follows:
1.3.3 Handover
Preprocessing
Enhanced Dual-Band
Network Handover
Handover algorithm II is added,

and the original handover
algorithm is called handover
algorithm I.
1-2
Penalty Time after AMR TCHF-H HO

Fail(s)
The added parameter is listed as

follows:
HO Control Switch

Issue 01 (20090430)

Change
Type
1 Handover
Change Description
Parameter Change
Compared with handover

algorithm I, handover algorithm
II provides great change in
handover decision procedure and
classification. The details are as
follows:
The added parameters are listed as

follows:
The handover penalty is

performed after the network
characteristics adjustment and
before the emergency
handover decision.
The network characteristics
adjustment is performed (for
some factors) before the
emergency handover decision
procedure is initiated. The
network characteristics
adjustment is performed again
(for all factors) after the load
handover decision is made.
The comprehensive handover

decision is made and the
candidate neighboring cells are
determined.
The classification of handover

decision is changed.
The conditions for triggering

the handovers and for selecting
the target cell are changed. The
handovers are listed as follows:
Penalty Time on Load HO
Penalty Value on Load HO
Penalty Time on Interfere HO
TA HO Watch Time
TA HO Valid Time
BQ HO Watch Time
BQ HO Valid Time
Interfere HO Static Time
Interfere HO Valid Time
UL BQ HO Static Time
UL BQ HO Last Time
HCS HO Watch Time
HCS HO Valid Time
TA Handover, BQ
Handover, Interference
Handover, No Downlink
Measurement Report
Handover, Enhanced DualBand Network Handover,
Load Handover, and FastMoving Micro Cell
Handover.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-3

1 Handover
Change
Type
1-4
Change Description
Parameter Change
The following handover decisions

are not contained in handover
algorithm II:
None.
Rapid Level Drop Handover
Independent load handover
PBGT Handover
Inter-Layer Handover
Handover due to MS
movement to the border of the
overlaid cell

Issue 01 (20090430)

Change
Type
Issue 01 (20090430)
1 Handover
Change Description
Parameter Change
The following handover decisions

are added to handover algorithm
II:
The added parameters are listed as

follows:
Better Cell Handover
Handover Between a FullRate TCH and a Half-Rate

TCH
Better Cell Handover Enable
Better Cell HO Watch Time
Better Cell HO Valid Time
Pathloss Ho. Enable
IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho

Allowed

Pathloss Threshold

ATCB Threshold

Qual. Threshold
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Stat

Time(s)
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Last

Time(s)
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH

Ho Allowed

Ho Pathloss Threshold

Ho ATCB Threshold

Ho Qual. Threshold
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Stat

Time(s)
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Last

Time(s)
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Qual

Ho Allowed
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho

Pathloss Threshold

ATCB Threshold

Qual. Threshold
IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Stat

Time(s)
IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Last

Time(s)

1-5

1 Handover
Change
Type
Editorial
change
Change Description
Parameter Change
l
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF

Qual. Ho Allowed

Ho Pathloss Threshold

Ho ATCB Threshold

Ho Qual. Threshold
Descriptions of handover
algorithm II are added to 1.3.2
Measurement Report
Processing.
None.
The structure of the document is

optimized.
None.
The following contents are

updated and added:
None.
The definition of ATCB is

added to 1.2 Overview.
1.3.3 Handover
Preprocessing is divided into
1.3.2 Measurement Report
Processing and 1.3.3
Handover Preprocessing to
improve the readability.
In TA Handover, the
description of handover
penalty is moved to
Limitations in TA Handover.
In BQ Handover, the
description of handover
penalty is moved to
Limitations in BQ Handover.
1.2 Overview
Introduction
The GSM network comprises several cells with continuous coverage. The handover technique
is introduced into the GSM system to enable the users who are in motion to continue with the
current call without interruption, thus optimizing the network performance.
During a handover, the MS and BTS in service measure the conditions of uplink and downlink
radio links respectively, record the measurement results into measurement reports (MRs), and
1-6

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
then send the MRs to the BSC. The BSC determines whether to trigger a handover based on the
MRs and the actual conditions of the radio network.
Target Groups
This document is intended for people who have:
l
Basic GSM knowledge
Working experience on GSM
Terms
Term
Definition
Ping-pong
handover
Ping-pong handover refers to the condition in which an MS is handed over back

and forth between two cells because of the changes in signal quality or the
improper settings of parameters.
Co-site
neighbori
ng cells
Neighboring cells in the same BTS.
Raileigh
fading
Raileigh fading is related to frequency. In radio propagation, signals inevitably

undergo short-period amplitude changes. In other words, signal fading is
frequency-specific.
Chain
neighbori
ng cell
Chain neighboring cell is one of the configuration properties for a neighboring

cell. During a quick handover, an MS is handed over to only the chain
neighboring cells of the serving cell. Generally, the neighboring cells of the
serving cell in the fast-moving direction of the MS are configured as chain
neighboring cells. The configurations depend on the actual conditions.
ATCB
ATCB specifies how close the MS is to the cell center. If the ATCB is greater,
the MS is closer to the cell center.
ATCB
handover
ATCB handover is a special method of determining the border between an

overlaid cell and an underlaid cell in the enhanced dual-band network. The
coverage area of the overlaid cell is determined by ATCB_THRD,
ATCB_HYST, and the signal strength difference between serving cell and
neighboring cell.
Frequency
offset
When the transmit source of the radio wave is far from the receiving party, the
wavelength is long and the frequency is low. When the transmit source is close
to the receiving party, the wavelength is short and the frequency is high. The
BTS of the serving cell can calculate the frequency offset (indicated by f)
through the signals transmitted by the moving MS. If the absolute value of f
is great, you can infer that the MS moves at a high speed. If f is a positive
number, you can infer that the MS is moving towards the BTS. If f is a negative
number, you can infer that the MS is moving away from the BTS.
Different
frequencie
s set
In FH mode, the different frequencies set refers to a certain FH group. In nonFH mode, the different frequencies set refers to a certain frequency.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-7

1 Handover
Term
Definition
Enhanced
measurem
ent report
The enhanced measurement report is a new downlink measurement report that

is provided by the MS. Compared with the normal measurement report, the
enhanced measurement report is added with new contents, such as BER and
FER. The enhanced measurement report provides the measurement information
of up to 15 neighboring GSM/WCDMA cells, whereas the normal measurement
report provides the measurement information of 6 neighboring GSM cells at
most.
FULL
SET
The FULL SET specifies the receive level and signal quality measured on TCH
when the BTS transmits signals at full power.
SUB SET
The SUB SET specifies the receive level and signal quality measured on TCH
when the DTX function is enabled.
Ec/No
Ec/No means Signal Noise Ratio in WCDMA. It maps with C/I in GSM.
Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronym and
Abbreviation
Expansion
MS
Mobile Station
BSC
Base Station Controller
MR
Measurement Report
BQ
Bad Quality
TA
Timing Advance
BSIC
Base Station Identity Code
BER
Bit Error Ratio
BCCH
Broadcast Control Channel
AMR
Adaptive Multi Rate
ATCB
Adapter distance To Cell Border
RQI
Radio Quality Indication
RSCP
Received Signal Code Power
CPICH
Common PIlot CHannel
PBGT
Power BudGet Handover
Network Elements Involved

Table 1-1 lists the network elements (NEs) involved in handover.
1-8

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Table 1-1 NEs involved in handover

MS
BTS
BSC
MSC
MGW
SGSN
GGSN
HLR
NOTE
l -: not involved
l : involved
1.3 Technical Description

1.3.1 Overview
Huawei handover algorithms (handover algorithm I and handover algorithm II) involve
measurement and MR reporting, MR processing, handover decision, and handover execution.
NOTE
Huawei handover algorithms apply to the handovers on TCHs as well as the handovers on SDCCHs.
You can determine the handover algorithm used in a cell through HO Control Switch.
Figure 1-1 shows the procedure for performing Huawei handover algorithms (including
handover algorithm I and handover algorithm II).
Figure 1-1 Procedure for performing Huawei handover algorithms
Start
MS in connection state
MS performs measurement
and MR reporting
BSS performs MR processing
Handover decision based on
handover algorithm
Handover execution
End
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-9

1 Handover
Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I

Figure 1-2 shows the procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I.
1-10

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Figure 1-2 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I
Start
No downlink measurement report
handover decision
MS starts minimum interval
protection
No
Whether minimum interval

protection of consecutive
handovers times out?
Yes
Handover preprocessing
Handover penalty
Basic queuing
Network characteristics adjustment
Forced handover
Quick handover
No

protection of handover times
out?
Yes
Other handover decisions
Determines target cell according to
2G/3G priority selection conditions
and corresponding thresholds
Starts minimum interval protection
of consecutive handovers
End
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-11

1 Handover
In handover algorithm I, five types of handover decisions are defined:

l
Quick handover (including quick PBGT handover and frequency offset handover). Good
and stable services can be provided when the voice quality deteriorates during the fast
movement of an MS. Quick handover is mainly applicable in the railway scenario.
Emergency handover. Emergency handover can ensure the call continuity when the radio
environment severely deteriorates. Theoretically, the emergency handover has a bigger
deviation than other handovers in terms of the selection of the target cell. In a normal cell,
frequent emergency handovers should be avoided.
Enhanced dual-band network handover. In an enhanced dual-band network, the resources

in the overlaid DCS1800 cell and underlaid GSM900 cell can be shared during the
assignment and handover procedures. That is, the calls in the high-traffic GSM900 cell can
be handed over to the low-traffic DCS1800 cell to balance traffic.
Load handover. Load handover enables the system load to be balanced among multiple
cells so that the system performance can be ensured.
Normal handover. Normal handover ensures good services when an MS is moving.
Figure 1-3 shows the handovers provided in Figure 1-2 and their priorities in handover
algorithm I.
1-12

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Figure 1-3 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm I
Emergency handover
TA handover
Interference handover
Rapid level drop handover
BQ handover
Starts protection timer after
emergency handover is
triggered.
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Load handover
Normal handover
Edge handover
Fast-moving micro cell
handover
Inter-layer handover
PBGT handover
Concentric cell handover
AMR handover
3G better cell handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II

Figure 1-4 shows the procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-13

1 Handover
Figure 1-4 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II

Start
No downlink measurement report
handover decision
MS starts minimum interval
protection

No
Handover preprocessing
Yes
Basic queuing
(some factors)
Forced handover
Handover penalty
Quick handover (emergency
handover)
No

Yes
Emergency handover (not including
quick handover)
Load handover decision
(all factors)
Other handover decisions
Performs comprehensive decision of
handover result and determines
candidate neighbor cell
Starts minimum interval protection
of consecutive handovers
End
1-14

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
In handover algorithm II, three types of handover decisions are defined, as shown in Figure
1-5.
Figure 1-5 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm II
Emergency handover
Quick handover
Intra-cell handover
Interference handover
TA handover
BQ handover
AMR handover
Edge handover
Handover between a fullrate TCH and a half-rate

TCH
Inter-cell handover
handover
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Better cell handover
3G better cell handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
Handover Execution
The parameter Power boost before HO enabled or not determines whether the BTS of the
serving cell transmits signals at the maximum power during a handover. If Power boost before
HO enabled or not is set to StartUp, the BSC maximizes the transmit power of the BTS before
sending a handover command to the MS. The BSC does not adjust the BTS power during the
handover to ensure the success of the handover.
1.3.2 Measurement Report Processing

Measurement report processing involves measurement report interpolation and filtering.
NE Selection for Measurement Report Processing

The processing can be performed either on the BSC side or on the BTS side.
l
If MR.Preprocessing is set to No, then the processing is performed on the BSC side.
If MR.Preprocessing is set to Yes, then the processing is performed on the BTS side. By
setting the parameters Transfer Original MR, Transfer BS/MS Power Class, and Sent
Freq.of Preprocessed MR, you can specify the contents of the MRs to be provided and
the period during which the MRs are provided. This decreases the signaling traffic on the
Abis interface and the traffic volume processed by the BSC.
Data Selection for Measurement Report

The MR can be classified into enhanced MR and normal MR. The parameter Report Type
determines the type to be used.
In the MR, the TCH measurement of the serving cell is classified into FULL SET and SUB SET.
The MRs from the MS and BTS specify whether the DTX is adopted.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-15

1 Handover
l
DtxMeasUsed is set to Open.
If the MR specifies that the DTX is used, the SUB SET value should be selected.
If the MR specifies that the DTX is not used, the FULL SET value should be selected.
DtxMeasUsed is set to Close.
If the MR specifies that the DTX is not used, the FULL SET value should be selected.
If the MR specifies that the DTX is used, the SUB SET value should be selected. The
SUB SET value should be used regardless of the usage state of the DTX that the MR
specifies.
Measurement Report Interpolation

The neighboring cell indexes are found on the basis of the BCCH frequencies and BSICs
provided by the MS. Then, the uplink and downlink measurement results are obtained from the
measurement reports.
l
If measurement reports are issued continuously, they are directly added to the measurement
report list.
If measurement reports are not issued continuously and the number of lost measurement
reports is smaller than the value of Allowed M.R Number Lost, the system performs
operations as follows:
For the serving cell, the handover algorithm I performs the linear interpolation for the
MRs. The lowest values are applied to the interpolation of MRs by the handover
algorithm II according to the protocols; that is, level 0 (-110 dBm) and quality 7 are
applied in the interpolation.
For the neighboring cell, the lowest value is applied to the lost level value according to
the protocols; that is, level 0 (-110 dBm) is applied in the interpolation.
NOTE
If no MR is reported because the RX level in the neighboring cell is too low, level 0 (-110 dBm)
is applied in the interpolation.
l
If measurement reports are not issued continuously and the number of lost measurement
reports is greater than the value of Allowed M.R Number Lost, the previous measurement
reports are discarded. When new measurement reports are issued, calculation is done again.
Measurement Report Filtering

Filtering is performed on measurement reports obtained continuously from the measurement
report list. Averaging is performed on uplink/downlink RX level, uplink/downlink RX quality,
TA, RQI, BTS power, 2G neighboring cell level, and the CPICH, RSCP, and Ec/No of
neighboring 3G cell. The averaging minimizes the effect on the result of handover decision due
to sudden changes in the measurement values.
Power control compensation needs to be performed for the downlink RX level of the serving
cell by the handover algorithm II. If you compare the RX level of the serving cell after the power
control with that of all BCCH TRXs of the neighboring cell, there is no mapping between them.
In situations where the cells overlap severely, the handover is easily triggered, thus causing the
ping-pong handover. After the power control compensation is performed, the RX level of the
serving cell can reflect the coverage condition of the BCCH TRX of the serving cell. The power
control compensation of the serving cell is performed after the interpolation processing and
before the filtering processing. In general, the compensation of power control is calculated by
adding the downlink RX level of the serving cell and twice the current downlink transmit Power
Level of the BTS.
1-16

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
The number of consecutive measurement reports required for filtering is determined by the
measurement object and channel type. See Table 1-2 for details.
Table 1-2 Parameters related to the number of measurement reports
Measurement
Object
Channel Type
Parameter
Receive level of the

serving cell
SDCCH
Filter Length for SDCCH Level
TCH
Filter Length for TCH Level
Quality of the serving

cell
SDCCH
Filter Length for SDCCH Qual
TCH
Filter Length for TCH Qual
TA of the serving cell
TCH
Filter Length for TA
SDCCH
TA Filter Length for SDCCH Level
Receive level of the

neighboring cell
BCCH
Filter Length for Ncell RX_LEV
SDCCH
NCell Filter Length for SDCCH Level
Power of the BTS in

the serving cell
TCH
Filter Length for TCH Level
RQI
TCH
If consecutive measurement reports are insufficient, the filtering fails. The handover decision is
not performed.
1.3.3 Handover Preprocessing

Handover Penalty
According to the neighboring cell information in the measurement report and the parameters,
the system performs handover preprocessing and adjusts the priorities of the neighboring cells.
The handover penalty is performed after successful fast-moving micro cell handover, TA
handover, BQ handover, fast-moving micro cell handover, OL subcell to UL subcell handover
within an enhanced concentric cell, and after the handover failures.
In handover algorithm II, in addition to the situations mentioned above, the handover penalty is
also performed after successful or failed load handover and interference handover.
NOTE
In handover decision procedure of handover algorithm II, the handover penalty is performed after the
network characteristics adjustment and before the emergency handover decision.
l
Issue 01 (20090430)
After the quick handover, TA handover, BQ handover, or load handover (in handover
algorithm II) is successfully performed, the penalty level is subtracted from the actual RX
level of the original cell during the penalty period. Table 1-3 lists the parameters related
to handover penalty.
1-17

1 Handover
Table 1-3 Parameters related to handover penalty

Handover
Parameter
Quick
handover
Quick Handover Punish Time(s)
TA Handover
Penalty Level after TA HO
Quick Handover Punish Value(dB)
Penalty Time after TA HO(s)

BQ Handover
Penalty Level after BQ HO

Penalty Time after BQ HO(s)
Load
handover
(handover
algorithm II)

After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successfully performed, penalty is performed
on all the neighboring cells of the micro cell. Related parameters are Penalty on Fast
Moving Handover and Penalty Time on Fast Moving HO(s).
If an MS fails to initiate an intra-cell AMR TCHF to TCHH handover, it cannot initiate

another intra-cell AMR TCHF to TCHH handover within Penalty Time after AMR
TCHF-H HO Fail(s).
In handover algorithm II, after the interference handover is initiated, this handover is not
allowed to be initiated again within Penalty Time on Interfere HO regardless of whether
the handover is successful or not.
After the OL subcell to UL subcell handover within an enhanced concentric cell is

successful, the handover from UL subcell to OL subcell is not allowed within Penalty Time
of UtoO HO(s).
After the OL cell to UL cell handover in the enhanced dual-band network is successful, the
handover from UL cell to OL cell is not allowed within Inter UL And OL Subcells HO
Penalty Time(s).
After the handover fails, different penalties are performed on the target cell based on the
causes:
If the handover to a neighboring 2G or 3G cell fails, the actual RX level of the target
cell is subtracted by Penalty Level after HO Fail for neighboring cell ranking during
the penalty.
NOTE
Based on the handover failure cause, the penalty time could be UmPenaltyTimer,
RscPenaltyTimer, or CfgPenaltyTimer.
1-18
If the OL subcell to UL subcell handover within a concentric cell fails, the handover
from OL subcell to UL subcell is not allowed within Penalty Time after OtoU HO
Fail(s).
If the UL subcell to OL subcell handover within a concentric cell fails, the handover
from UL subcell to OL subcell is not allowed within Penalty Time after UtoO HO
Fail(s).

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Basic Ranking
Basic ranking is performed after handover penalty to generate a candidate cell list in descending
order taking the following information into account: RX levels of the serving cell and
neighboring cells carried in the MRs, hysteresis, usage of TCHs in the neighboring cells, and so
on.
l
In the case of non-directed retry, if an MS in an external BSC cell occupies an SDCCH and
Inter-BSC SDCCH HO ALLowed is set to No, then this cell should be removed from the
candidate cell list. In other words, the handover to this external BSC cell is prohibited.
If a neighboring 2G cell and the serving cell are controlled by the same BSC and the TCH
usage of the neighboring cell is 100%, then the neighboring cell should be removed from
the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If the downlink RX level of a neighboring 2G cell is lower than the sum of Min DL Power
on HO Candidate Cell and Min Access Level Offset, then the neighboring cell should be
removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this neighboring cell is
prohibited.
If the uplink RX level of a neighboring 2G cell is lower than the sum of Min UP Power
on HO Candidate Cell and Min Access Level Offset, then the neighboring cell should be
removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this neighboring cell is
prohibited.
If a neighboring 3G cell is an FDD cell, the cell is processed according to FDD REP
QUANT:
If FDD REP QUANT is set to Ec/N0, and the Ec/N0 of a neighboring cell is lower
than Min Ec/No Threshold, the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate
cell list; that is, the handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If FDD REP QUANT is set to RSCP, and the RSCP of a neighboring cell is lower than
Min RSCP Threshold, the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell
list; that is, the handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If a neighboring 3G cell is a TDD cell and the RSCP after penalty is lower than the Min
RSCP Threshold, the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that
is, the handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
Calculate the difference between the downlink RX level of the neighboring cells and the
downlink RX level of the serving cell. Based on the difference, rank the neighboring cells
in descending order.
Network Characteristics Adjustment

Network characteristics adjustment is a process in which the position of each cell in the candidate
cell list is determined based on the related network information. Network characteristics
adjustment provides the final candidate cell list for handover decision.
After the network characteristics adjustment, the final candidate cell list (including neighboring
cells and serving cell) is generated. The candidate cells are ranked in descending order by
priority. Then, the handover decision procedure starts.
In handover algorithm II, the emergency handover decision is made after the network
characteristics adjustment.
After the emergency handover decision, Penalty Value on Load HO is subtracted from the
level of the original cell within Penalty Time on Load HO (s) if the load handover is successful.
The level of the target cell changes after the penalty of load handover; then, the network
characteristics needs to be readjusted.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-19

1 Handover
In handover algorithm I, all related factors are adjusted in network characteristics adjustment
phase; in handover algorithm II, some of the factors are adjusted before the emergency handover
decision procedure is initiated.
Forced Handover
If the forced handover is triggered, the subsequent handover decisions are not performed.
The purpose of the forced handover is as follows:
l
If no TCH is available in the serving cell during the MS access process, the directed retry
procedure is performed when Directed Retry Permitted is set to Yes.
When BTS maintenance is performed, the MSs under control of the related BTS should be
handed over to the cells controlled by a functional BTS to ensure that no call drop occurs
during BTS maintenance.
The forced handover is classified into these four types:

l
Outgoing cell handover (directed retry)
Outgoing BTS handover
Outgoing BSC handover
Specified target cell list handover
1.3.4 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I

According to the emergency condition of an MS in the network, the handover decision based
on handover algorithm I is made in the following order: quick handover, emergency handover,
enhanced dual-band network handover, load handover, and normal handover.
Handover decision based on handover algorithm I involves the following procedures:
l
Determining whether the serving cell meets the triggering conditions
Selecting corresponding candidate cells
In handover algorithm I, Inter-RAT HO Preference specifies whether a neighboring 2G cell

or a neighboring 3G cell is preferred.
l
When Inter-RAT HO Preference is set to Preference for 2G Cell:

A neighboring 2G cell is preferred. If the candidate cell list contains suitable neighboring
3G cells but no suitable neighboring 2G cells, a neighboring 3G cell is selected.


If the RX level of a candidate 2G cell is lower than or equal to HO Preference Threshold
for 2G Cell, a neighboring 3G cell is preferred.
If the triggering conditions of emergency handover are met and there is at least one candidate
cell, then the emergency handover timer Min Interval for Emerg.HOs is started. Another
emergency handover decision can be performed only when Min Interval for Emerg.HOs times
out.
1-20

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Quick Handover
Quick handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed
and to ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. Quick handover applies to the scenario
where an MS moves fast along an urban backbone road, a selected route, or a high-speed railroad.
Quick Handover Types

Quick handover consists of frequency offset handover and quick PBGT handover.
l
Frequency offset handover

Whether the MS is moving away from the serving cell is determined based on the frequency
offset information provided by an MS moving at a high speed. Frequency offset handover
decision is made according to the uplink/downlink RX level of the serving cell and the path
loss of neighboring cells.
Quick PBGT handover

Quick PBGT handover decision is made according to the path loss of neighboring cells.
For quick handover, the handover response speed is enhanced by:

l
Accurately calculating the moving speed of the MS
Derestricting the interval between handover decisions
Reducing the number of measurement reports for the handover decision
Introducing the filtering
Quick Handover Preparation

The preparation for quick handover involves the following aspects:
l
Frequency offset is decoded from the measurement report.

Frequency offset of the MS is obtained from the uplink measurement report that the BTS
sends to the BSC.
filtering is performed on the measurement report.
Triggering Conditions
During handover decision, whether the triggering conditions of frequency offset handover are
met is determined first. When the BTS cannot send the frequency offset information or the
reported frequency offset information is invalid, quick PBGT handover is triggered if other
conditions of frequency offset handover are met.
If Quick Handover Enable is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of quick handover are as
follows:
l
The MS is moving away from the serving cell (the frequency offset in the measurement
result is a negative value) and the moving speed of the MS is greater than Quick Move
Speed Threshold(m/s).
The filtered uplink level of the serving cell is lower than Quick Handover Up Trigger
Level(dB).
The compensated downlink level of the serving cell is lower than Quick Handover Down
Trigger Level(dB).
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-21

1 Handover
l
The path loss of configured chain neighboring cells is lower than the specified threshold
of the path loss of the serving cell. In other words, PBGT(n) is greater than or equal to 0.
The triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:

l
If the last three conditions are met simultaneously, the decision is made as follows:
If the first condition is met, a frequency offset handover is performed.
If the first condition is not met, a quick PBGT handover is performed.
If all the last three conditions are not met, quick handover is not triggered.
Target Cell Selection

The target cell must be a chain neighboring cell of the serving cell. The Chain Neighbor Cell
parameter specifies whether a neighboring cell is a chain neighboring cell.
Limitations
The limitations on quick handover are as follows:
l
The serving cell cannot be selected as the target cell.
The candidate cells for quick handover must be chain neighboring cells of the serving cell.
Each cell can be configured with a maximum of three chain neighboring cells.
After a quick handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell during
the penalty time to prevent an immediate handover back to the original cell. The penalty
time and penalty value are specified by Quick Handover Punish Time(s) and Quick
Handover Punish Value(dB) respectively.
TA Handover
Timing Advance (TA) handover is a type of emergency handover. The TA handover decision
is made according to the TA value reported by the MS.
The TA value of a normal cell ranges from 0 to 63 and that of an extended cell ranges from 0 to
229. The TA can be stepped up or down in steps of 553.5 m. The TA value of 63 corresponds
to a distance of 35 km.
TA handover is triggered when the following conditions are met:
l
TA HO Allowed is set to Yes.
Filtered TA value in the measurement report provided by the MS is greater than or equal
to TA Threshold.
The TA handover can be triggered only when the preceding two conditions are met
simultaneously.
NOTE
From the perspective of the triggering conditions of TA handover, TA can be regarded as a limitation to
the size of a cell.
1-22

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover

The target cell should have the highest priority in the candidate cell list after handover
preprocessing. In addition, the target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
If TA Threshold of a co-site neighboring cell is lower than or equal to the TA

Threshold of the serving cell, a handover to the neighboring cell is prohibited.
If the triggering conditions of TA handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
the following operations are performed:
l
If a neighboring 3G cell is available, if Inter-RAT Out BSC Handover Enable is set to

Yes, and if the MS supports the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the 2G/3G inter-RAT
handover is performed.
If no neighboring 3G cell is available, if Inter-RAT Out BSC Handover Enable is set to

No, or if the MS does not support the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the decision on whether
to initiate another type of emergency handover is made.
Limitations
After the TA handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During Penalty
Time after TA HO(s), Penalty Level after TA HO is subtracted from the level of the original
cell to prevent an immediate handover back to the original cell.
BQ Handover
Bad Quality (BQ) handover is a type of emergency handover in which the system makes the
decision based on the uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface.
The RX quality is measured in bit error rate (BER). The BSC measures the quality of a radio
link based on the quality class in the measurement report. The probable cause of an increase in
BER is that the signal power is too low or the channel interference increases.
If BQ HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of BQ handover are as follows:
l
The uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the uplink RX quality threshold of the
serving cell.
The downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the downlink RX quality threshold of
the serving cell.
The BQ handover is triggered when either of the preceding conditions is met.

The parameters for specifying the uplink and downlink RX quality thresholds are as follows:
l
For non-AMR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is UL
Qual. Threshold and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DL Qual. Threshold.
For AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQuaLimitAMRFR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold
is DLQuaLimitAMRFR.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-23

1 Handover
l
For AMR HR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQuaLimitAMRHR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality
threshold is DLQuaLimitAMRHR.

l
If the target cell is a neighboring cell, the RX level of the target cell must meet the following
condition:
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell > Filtered downlink RX level of the serving
cell + Inter-cell HO Hysteresis of the serving cell configured for the neighboring cell BQ HO Margin + 64
NOTE
In handover algorithm I, if there is only one cell in the candidate cell list and the cell is a neighboring
cell, then the preceding condition need not be met.
l
In handover algorithm I, if there is no neighboring cell, Intracell HO Allowed is set to

Yes, and the serving cell is not in the intra-cell handover penalty state, then the MS is
handed over to the serving cell. A channel with different frequency band, different
frequency, different TRX, or different timeslot is preferred (priority: different frequency
band > different frequency > different TRX > different timeslot).
If the triggering conditions of BQ handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
l


Limitations
After the BQ handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During Penalty
Time after BQ HO(s), Penalty Level after BQ HO is subtracted from the level of the original
Rapid Level Drop Handover

Rapid level drop handover is a type of emergency handover.
In edge handover and PBGT handover, the mean value filtering and P/N decision methods are
not responsive to short-period rapid level drop. Therefore, to solve the rapid level drop problem,
the finite impact response filtering can be performed on the original RX level. This filtering
method is responsive to the rapid level drop based on the drop slope of the original RX level.
If Rx_Level_Drop HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of rapid level drop
handover are as follows:
1-24

Issue 01 (20090430)

l
Filtered uplink level < Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold
A1 x C(nt) + A2 x C(nt - t) + A3 x C(nt - 2t) + + A8 x C(nt - 7t) < B
1 Handover
Here, A1 indicates Filter Parameter A1, A2 indicates Filter Parameter A2, A3 indicates
Filter Parameter A3, A4 indicates Filter Parameter A4, A5 indicates Filter Parameter
A5, A6 indicates Filter Parameter A6, A7 indicates Filter Parameter A7, and A8
indicates Filter Parameter A8.
B indicates Filter Parameter B.

l
The target cell has a higher priority than the serving cell.
If the triggering conditions of rapid level drop handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are
not suitable, the following operations are performed:
l


Interference Handover
In handover algorithm I, interference handover is a type of emergency handover.
Interference handover helps protect the interfered calls and reduce the network interference. It
is applicable to scenarios with interference.
In handover algorithm I, the difference between interference handover and BQ handover is that
in BQ handover the bad quality resulting from both coverage and interference is checked. In
interference handover, the bad quality resulting from coverage is not checked.
If Interference HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of interference handover
are as follows:
l
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality
threshold at the current uplink RX level.
The filtered value of downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX
quality threshold at the current downlink RX level.
The interference handover is triggered if either of the previous conditions is met.

l
Issue 01 (20090430)
For non-AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the RX quality threshold is
RXQUALn, where 1 n 12.
1-25

1 Handover
l
For AMR FR calls, the parameters for specifying the RX quality threshold are
RXQUALn (1 n 12) and RXLEVOff.
If n = 1, the RX quality threshold is RXQUAL1.
If 2 n 12, the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn + RXLEVOff.

In handover algorithm I, the target cell should have the highest priority in the candidate cell list.
In addition, the target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
If Intracell HO Allowed is set to Yes and the intra-cell handover penalty timer expires,
the serving cell can be selected as the target cell.
NOTE
When a number of consecutive intra-cell handovers occur, Forbidden time after MAX Times is
triggered and the intra-cell handover is prohibited in the corresponding period.
l
If the filtered level of a neighboring cell after handover penalty Inter-layer HO

Threshold of the neighboring cell + Adjacent Cell Inter-layer HO Hysteresis - 64, this
neighboring cell can serve as the target cell.
If the triggering conditions of interference handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not
suitable, the following operations need to be performed:
l


Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report

Handover due to no downlink measurement report is performed on the basis of the uplink quality.
The purpose is to ensure the call continuity and minimize the possibility of call drops.
Handover due to no downlink measurement report is generally caused by adverse radio
environment on the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be
met, so other handover decisions cannot be performed.
In handover algorithm I, the triggering conditions of handover due to no downlink measurement
report are as follows:
1-26
No Dl Mr.HO Allowed is set to Yes.
There is no downlink information in the measurement report of the call.
The filtered value of uplink quality is greater than or equal to No Dl Mr.Ul Qual HO
Limit.
The number of lost downlink MRs is smaller than Cons.No Dl Mr.HO Allowed Limit.
Issue 01 (20090430)

l
1 Handover
For TCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than Filter Length
for TCH Qual; for SDCCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater
than Filter Length for SDCCH Qual.
When all the previous conditions are met, the handover due to no downlink measurement report
is triggered.

In handover algorithm I, the conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
l
The ranked neighboring cells recorded in the last complete measurement report are saved
as candidate cells.
Preferably a neighboring cell is selected as the target cell.
If no neighboring cell is available, the serving cell is selected as the target cell.
Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

Enhanced dual-band network handover is performed based on the traffic volume of the overlaid
and underlaid cells and based on the receive level.
Enhanced dual-band network handover is classified into the following types:
l
Handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to low load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to High Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
The two cells are in the enhanced dual-band network and Load HO From UL Subcell to
OL Subcell Allowed is set to Yes.
The MS supports the frequency band on which the overlaid cell operates.
The handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is performed only on TCHs.
The load in the underlaid cell is higher than or equal to UL Subcell General Overload
Threshold(%).
The load in the overlaid cell is lower than Inner Cell Serious Overload Threshold(%).
The system traffic volume is lower than or equal to Allowed Flow Control Level of UL
And OL Subcell HO.
The current call is within the handover margin and the receive level is greater than or equal
to Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
is triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell in the cell is higher than or equal to UL Subcell Serious
Overload Threshold(%), then the handover margin is adjusted in a period of UL Subcell Load
Hierarchical HO Period(s) subtracted by Modified Step Length of UL Load HO Period(s).
The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by Step Length of UL Subcell
Load HO(dB).
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-27

1 Handover
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to Low Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
The load in the underlaid cell is lower than UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%).
And OL Subcell HO.
to Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell is lower than UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%) for a
specified period, then the handover margin is adjusted in a period of OL Subcell Load Diversity
HO Period(s). The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by Step Length of
OL Subcell Load HO(dB).
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to MS Movement to the Border of the

Overlaid Cell
The triggering conditions of the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid
cell are as follows:
l
SS(s) < Thdouter
SS(u) - SS(n) < ATCB_THRD - ATCB_HYST

Here,
SS(s): specifies the filtering compensated downlink RX level in the serving cell.
Thdouter: specifies Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
SS(u): specifies the downlink level (power compensation is performed on the downlink
level based on the measurement) of the underlaid cell where the call is originated. If the
SS(u) value cannot be obtained, you can infer that the decision of enhanced dual-band
network handover is not performed and the decision condition is met by default.
SS(n): The best neighboring cell is the one whose measured BCCH level is the highest
among neighboring cells. SS(n) is the signal level of the best neighboring cell that
operates on the same frequency band, locates at the same layer, and has the same priority
as the underlaid cell but is not co-sited with the underlaid cell. If such a neighboring
cell is not available, the value of SS(n) is -110 dBm.
ATCB_THRD: specifies Distance Between Boundaries of UL And OL Subcells

(dB).
ATCB_HYST: specifies Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of UL And OL

Subcells(dB).
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell is triggered if either of
the preceding conditions is met.
1-28

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
NOTE
In the ATCB handover algorithm, the border between the overlaid and underlaid cells is determined
according to the signal strength of the serving cell and that of neighboring cells. If SS(s) = SS(n), the
system considers that the MS is located at the border of the underlaid cell. If SS(s) - SS(n) >
ATCB_THRD, the system considers that the MS is located in the coverage area of the overlaid cell.
The coverage area of the overlaid cell is determined according to different networking and coverage
conditions of the existing network. In addition, the overlaid cell of the serving cells and the overlaid
cell of the neighboring cells will not overlap regardless of the distance between BTSs.
The handover margin specifies the range of signal level. In the case of overlaid/underlaid load handover
on the enhanced dual-band network, the MSs whose downlink levels are within the handover margin
are handed over level by level.

The requirements for target cell selection in the enhanced dual-band network are as follows:
l
For the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the
overlaid cell.
For the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the
underlaid cell.
For the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell, the MS is handed
over to the neighboring cell that ranks first among neighboring cells. The MS should not
be handed over to the cell that ranks after the serving cell. Generally, the target cell is the
underlaid cell. The target cell can also be another neighboring cell.
Limitations
The limitations on the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
If the cell where the call is located is on an enhanced dual-band network, Attributes of UL
And OL Subcells is set to Underlaid Subcell.
The Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to Incoming OL Subcell HO level
Threshold(dB). The MS with the highest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
If the cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network, Attributes of
UL And OL Subcells is set to Overlaid Subcell.
The Load HO of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enabled parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to Outgoing OL Subcell HO level
Threshold(dB). The MS with the lowest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell are as
follows:
l
Impact of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing Algorithm

The impact of the enhanced dual-band network handover on the existing algorithm is as follows:
l
Issue 01 (20090430)
On the enhanced dual-band network, the MS should not be handed over to a cell in the
same underlaid/overlaid cell group when the load handovers between the overlaid cell and
1-29

1 Handover
the underlaid cell (specified by Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed and
Load HO of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enabled) are allowed. This is to prevent a load
handover of a normal cell from colliding with a load handover between the overlaid cell
and the underlaid cell on the network.
l
The PBGT handover algorithm may cause inter-cell handover; thus, the MS should not be
handed over to the cell in the same group in the case of PBGT handover between cells on
the enhanced dual-band network.
Load Handover
In the network, some cells carry heavy load whereas the overlapping upper-layer cells and the
neighboring cells may carry light load. To balance the load of these cells, the load handover is
required.
In a load handover procedure, some load in heavy-load cells is switched to light-load cells.
Meanwhile, the load in neighboring cells is not switched to heavy-load cells.
Load handover can be performed between cells at different layers. Figure 1-6 shows the details.
NOTE
For details about the inter-RAT load handover, see the 2G/3G Interoperability feature.
Figure 1-6 Load handover between cells

A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
To perform load sharing, increase Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold so that the load at the
border of a cell is switched to a neighboring cell with light load.
Whether a cell carries heavy load or light load is determined by the traffic volume in the cell,
that is whether the traffic volume (generally TCH usage) in the cell exceeds the preset threshold.
l
If the traffic volume in a cell is greater than Load HO Threshold(%), you can infer that
the load in this cell is heavy. The load handover algorithm needs to be enabled.
If the traffic volume in a cell is lower than Load Req.on Candidate Cell(%), you can infer
that the load in this cell is light and the cell can receive load from the heavy-load cells.
Load handover may lead to many handovers. Therefore, the load of the system CPU should be
considered before load handover is performed. In other words, the system traffic volume should
be taken into account. In addition, to prevent too many MSs from being handed over at a time,
load handover is performed step by step. In other words, the edge handover threshold is increased
on the basis of Load HO Step Level (CLS_Ramp) and Load HO Step Period (CLS_Period).
1-30

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
When the increase in the edge handover threshold equals Load HO Bandwidth (CLS_Offset),
the edge handover threshold is not increased any more. See Figure 1-7 for details.
Figure 1-7 Load handover
Load handover band
Cell A
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Offset
Border of normal handover
Cell B
CONF_HO_RXLEV
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Ramp
If Load HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of load handover are as follows:
l
The CPU usage of the system is less than or equal to System Flux Threshold for Load
HO.
The current load of the serving cell is greater than or equal to Load HO Threshold.

The conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
l
Filtered RX level after handover penalty Inter-layer HO Threshold + Adjacent Cell

Inter-layer HO Hysteresis - 64
If the target cell and the serving cell are in the same BSC, a load handover is performed
when the current load of the target cell is lower than Load Req.on Candidate Cell.
If the target cell and the serving cell are not in the same BSC, a load handover is performed
when the load of the target cell is lower than Load Handover Load Accept Threshold
(%) and Inter-BSC Load Handover Allowed is set to Yes.
Examples
The system assigns MSs to different load handover margins based on the downlink RX level.
The load handover algorithm is used to hand over the MSs out of a cell step by step.
1.
The MSs in load handover margin 1 are handed over to the neighboring cells. Load handover
margin 1 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges from Edge HO DL RX_LEV
Threshold to the sum of Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold and Load HO Step Level.
2.
After a Load HO Step Period elapses, the MSs in load handover margin 2 are handed over
to the neighboring cells. The load handover margin 2 specifies the area where the downlink
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-31

1 Handover
level ranges from Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold to the sum of Edge HO DL

RX_LEV Threshold and (2 x Load HO Step Level).
3.
The load handover stops when the traffic volume in the cell is less than or equal to Load
HO Threshold.
The load handover is performed step by step to prevent call drops caused by a sudden increase
in CPU load or the congestion in the target cell.
Edge Handover
Edge handover is performed on the basis of receive level.
To trigger an edge handover, the receive level of the target cell should be at least one hysteresis
value (specified by Inter-cell HO Hysteresis) greater than the receive level of the serving cell.
If Edge Handover Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of edge handover are as
follows:
l
Either of the following conditions is met.
The filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell is lower than Edge HO DL RX_LEV
Threshold.
The filtered uplink RX level of the serving cell is lower than Edge HO UL RX_LEV
Threshold.
RX level of the neighboring cell > RX level of the serving cell + Inter-cell HO Hysteresis
An edge handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, when the previous conditions
are met for Edge HO Valid Time(s) within Edge HO Watch Time(s).
Figure 1-8 shows the edge handover.
Figure 1-8 Edge handover
Cell 1
Cell 2
-97 dBm
-85 dBm

The target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In addition, it should
meet the following conditions:
1-32
After cells are ranked, the target cell must have a higher priority than the serving cell.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
A cell becomes the target cell if the previous conditions are met for Edge HO AdjCell Valid
Time(s) within Edge HO AdjCell Watch Time(s).
If the triggering conditions of edge handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
l


to initiate another type of handover is made.
Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover

Fast-moving micro cell handover is performed from a micro cell to a macro cell according to
the relative speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized.
Fast-moving micro cell handover applies to the following scenarios:
l
If an MS is moving fast in a micro cell, it is handed over to a macro cell.
To prevent an MS that is moving fast in a macro cell from entering a micro cell, time penalty
is performed on the micro cell so that the fast-moving MS camps on the macro cell.
Figure 1-9 shows the fast-moving micro cell handover.

Figure 1-9 Fast-moving micro cell handover
Umbrella cell
Micro cell
If MS Fast Moving HO Allowed is set to Yes, the handover decision procedure of fast-moving
micro cell handover is as follows:
1.
When the triggering conditions of edge handover or PBGT handover are met, the fastmoving micro cell handover decision is started.
2.
When the period during which the MS camps on the serving cell is shorter than MS Fastmoving Time Threshold(s), the number of cells through which the fast-moving MS passes
is incremented by one.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-33

1 Handover
NOTE
The cell counted by the system must locate at a layer lower than layer 4. In other words, it must be
a non-Umbrella cell.
3.
When the number of cells that the MS passes in fast movement reaches MS Fast-moving
Watch Cells, the fast-moving micro cell handover is triggered if the number of cells that
the MS passes in fast movement counted by the system is greater than or equal to MS Fastmoving Valid Cells.

In handover algorithm I, the target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate
cells. In addition, the target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
The target cell must be at layer 4, that is, Umbrella cell.
Filtered RX level of the target cell Inter-layer HO Threshold + Adjacent Cell Interlayer HO Hysteresis - 64
Limitations
After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successful, the penalty is performed on all the
neighboring micro cells. During Penalty Time on Fast Moving HO(s), Penalty on MS Fast
Moving HO is subtracted from the RX level of every neighboring micro cell.
Cell Layer and Cell Priority

With Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a proper traffic volume distribution can be realized
among multiple frequency bands.
Huawei multiband handover algorithm divides cells into four layers, with 16 priorities at each
layer. The Layer of the Cell parameter specifies at which layer a cell is located. This algorithm
is applicable to complex networking scenarios. Figure 1-10 shows the cell layers.
Figure 1-10 Cell layers
GSM900
Layer 4
Umbrella Cell
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
Macro Cell
Layer 3
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Micro Cell
Layer 2
GSM900
DCS1800
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Pico Cell
1-34
Layer 1

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
In Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a GSM network covering a certain area is divided
into four layers, which are:
l
Layer 4: Umbrella cell. The umbrella cells are generally GSM900 cells having the wide
coverage feature. It also implements fast MS connection.
Layer 3: Macro cell. The macro cells are generally GSM900 cells, which are commonly
used in current GSM system and serve majority of subscribers.
Layer 2: Micro cell. The micro cells are generally DCS1800 cells having the small coverage
feature. They enable capacity expansion.
Layer 1: Pico cell. The pico cells are generally DCS1800 cells, which are used in hot spots
and blind spots.
The cell at the lower layer has a higher priority.
Inter-Layer Handover
Inter-layer handover is a type of normal handover. It is used to enable the cells at low layers to
absorb traffic volume.
To balance the traffic volume flexibly and to meet the requirements of different network
topologies, the GSM network is divided into several layers. See Fast-Moving Micro Cell
Handover for details.
If Level HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of inter-layer handover are as
follows:
l
The layer at which the target cell is located has a higher priority than the layer at which the
serving cell is located.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell Inter-layer HO Threshold + Adjacent

Cell Inter-layer HO Hysteresis - 64
The inter-layer handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, the previous
conditions are met for Layer HO Valid Time(s) within Layer HO Watch Time(s).

The requirements for target cell selection are as follows:
l
The triggering conditions are met.
The target cell has the highest priority in the candidate cell list.
PBGT Handover
Power Budget (PBGT) handover is a type of normal handover.
If PBGT HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of PBGT handover are as follows:
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-35

1 Handover
l
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and have the same priority.
The following condition is met for PBGT Valid Time(s) within PBGT Watch Time(s):
(MIN (MS_TXPWR_MAX, P) RXLEV_DL PWR_DIFF) (MIN
(MS_TXPWR_MAX (n), P) RXLEV_NCELL (n) ) > PBGT_HO_MARGIN
Here,
RXLEV_DL: indicates the filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell.
MS_TXPWR_MAX: indicates the maximum allowed transmit power of an MS in the

serving cell.
MS_TXPWR_MAX (n): indicates the maximum allowed transmit power of an MS in

neighboring cell n.
RxLev_NCELL (n): indicates the downlink receive level in neighboring cell n.
PWR_DIFF: indicates the difference between the maximum downlink transmit power
in the serving cell due to power control and the actual downlink transmit power in the
serving cell.
P: indicates the maximum transmit power of an MS.
PBGT_HO_MARGIN: indicates PBGT HO Threshold minus 64.
The PBGT handover can be triggered only when all the previous conditions are met.

The target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and have the same priority.
AMR Handover
The AMR handover in handover algorithm I is performed on AMR calls on the basis of radio
quality indication (RQI). It consists of the AMR TCHF-TCHH handover and the AMR TCHHTCHF handover.
The conversion formula between RQI and C/I is RQI = 2 x C/I.
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

The triggering conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
1-36
Intracell F-H HO Allowed is set to Yes.
The target call is an AMR call.
The half-rate function must be enabled in the cell where the call is initiated.
The full-rate speech version 3 and half-rate speech version 3 must be supported by the cell
where the call is initiated.
The type of channel specified by the MSC during a call can be changed during a handover.
For an AMR FR call, if AMR TCH/H Prior Allowed is set to Yes and the cell load is
greater than AMR TCH/H Prior Cell Load Threshold, the handover is allowed.
Issue 01 (20090430)

l
1 Handover
The call occupies the full-rate TCH. The RQI is greater than F2H HO Threshold and the
cell load is greater than AMR TCH/H Prior Cell Load Threshold.
For an AMR FR call, the AMR TCHF-TCHH handover can be performed if the preceding
conditions are met for Intracell F-H HO Last Time(s) within Intracell F-H HO Stat Time
(s).
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

The triggering conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF handover are as follows:
l
Intracell F-H HO Allowed is set to Yes.
The target call is an AMR call.
The half-rate function must be enabled in the cell where the call is initiated.
The full-rate speech version 3 and half-rate speech version 3 must be supported by the cell
where the call is initiated.
The type of channel specified by the MSC during a call can be changed during a handover.
The call occupies the half-rate TCH. The RQI is smaller than H2F HO Threshold.
For an AMR HR call, the AMR TCHH-TCHF handover can be performed if the preceding
conditions are met for Intracell F-H HO Last Time(s) within Intracell F-H HO Stat Time
(s).

The AMR handover is an intra-cell handover. Therefore, only the serving cell can be selected
as the target cell.
Other Handovers
Other handovers here refer to better 3G cell handover and tight BCCH handover.
Better 3G Cell Handover

See 2G/3G Interoperability.
Tight BCCH Handover

See BCCH Dense Frequency Multiplexing.
1.3.5 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II

Handover decision based on handover algorithm II is made in the following order: forced
handover, emergency handover, intra-cell handover, and inter-cell handover.
Handover decision based on handover algorithm II involves the following procedures:
l
Determining whether the serving cell meets the triggering conditions
Selecting corresponding candidate cell list for each handover type
Performing the comprehensive decision and determining the candidate neighboring cells
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-37

1 Handover
The procedure for performing comprehensive decision based on handover results and
determining the candidate neighboring cells is as follows:
1.
The BSC selects a handover type with the highest priority from all the handovers that can
be performed on each neighboring cell.
The handover priority is as follows:
l
Forced handover, emergency handover, and interference handover have a high priority.
Figure 1-11 shows the details.
Figure 1-11 Handovers with high priority
Handover decision with

high priority
Forced handover
Directed retry
Quick handover
TA handover
Interference
BQ handover
Edge handover
NOTE
Quick handover is classified into frequency offset handover and quick PBGT handover.
Frequency offset handover has a higher priority than quick PBGT handover.
l
Intra-cell handover (excluding interference handover) and inter-cell handover have a

normal priority. Figure 1-12 shows the details.
NOTE
AMR handover has the same priority as TCHF-TCHH handover.
1-38

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Figure 1-12 Handovers with normal priority
Handover decision
with normal priority
handover
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Load handover
Better cell handover
AMR handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
2.
The BSC ranks the candidate cells according to the network characteristics adjustment
algorithm and then generates the final candidate cell list. Every neighboring cell in the
candidate cell list has its own handover decision. Neighboring 2G cells and neighboring
3G cells are ranked separately.
3.
In handover algorithm II, Inter-RAT HO Preference specifies whether a neighboring 2G

or a neighboring 3G cell is preferred.
l


When Inter-RAT HO Preference is set to Preference for 2G Cell By Threshold:

If the RX level of a candidate 2G cell is lower than or equal to HO Preference
Threshold for 2G Cell, a neighboring 3G cell is preferred.
NOTE
When a neighboring 3G cell is preferred among the candidate cells, the priority of 3G better cell handover
is the lowest.
If the triggering conditions of emergency handover are met and there is at least one candidate
cell, then the emergency handover timer Min Interval for Emerg.HOs is started. Another
emergency handover decision can be performed only when Min Interval for Emerg.HOs times
out.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-39

1 Handover
Quick Handover
Quick handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed
and to ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. Quick handover applies to the scenario
where an MS moves fast along an urban backbone road, a selected route, or a high-speed railroad.
Quick Handover Types

Quick handover consists of frequency offset handover and quick PBGT handover.
l
Frequency offset handover

Whether the MS is moving away from the serving cell is determined based on the frequency
offset information provided by an MS moving at a high speed. Frequency offset handover
decision is made according to the uplink/downlink RX level of the serving cell and the path
loss of neighboring cells.
Quick PBGT handover

Quick PBGT handover decision is made according to the path loss of neighboring cells.
For quick handover, the handover response speed is enhanced by:

l
Accurately calculating the moving speed of the MS
Derestricting the interval between handover decisions
Reducing the number of measurement reports for the handover decision
Introducing the filtering
Quick Handover Preparation

The preparation for quick handover involves the following aspects:
l
Frequency offset is decoded from the measurement report.

Frequency offset of the MS is obtained from the uplink measurement report that the BTS
sends to the BSC.
filtering is performed on the measurement report.
During handover decision, whether the triggering conditions of frequency offset handover are
met is determined first. When the BTS cannot send the frequency offset information or the
reported frequency offset information is invalid, quick PBGT handover is triggered if other
conditions of frequency offset handover are met.
If Quick Handover Enable is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of quick handover are as
follows:
1-40
The MS is moving away from the serving cell (the frequency offset in the measurement
result is a negative value) and the moving speed of the MS is greater than Quick Move
Speed Threshold(m/s).
The filtered uplink level of the serving cell is lower than Quick Handover Up Trigger
Level(dB).
The compensated downlink level of the serving cell is lower than Quick Handover Down
Trigger Level(dB).
Issue 01 (20090430)

l
1 Handover
The path loss of configured chain neighboring cells is lower than the specified threshold
of the path loss of the serving cell. In other words, PBGT(n) is greater than or equal to 0.
The triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:

l
If the last three conditions are met simultaneously, the decision is made as follows:
If the first condition is met, a frequency offset handover is performed.
If the first condition is not met, a quick PBGT handover is performed.
If all the last three conditions are not met, quick handover is not triggered.

The target cell must be a chain neighboring cell of the serving cell. The Chain Neighbor Cell
parameter specifies whether a neighboring cell is a chain neighboring cell.
Limitations
The limitations on quick handover are as follows:
l
The candidate cells for quick handover must be chain neighboring cells of the serving cell.
Each cell can be configured with a maximum of three chain neighboring cells.
After a quick handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell during
the penalty time to prevent an immediate handover back to the original cell. The penalty
time and penalty value are specified by Quick Handover Punish Time(s) and Quick
Handover Punish Value(dB) respectively.
TA Handover
Timing Advance (TA) handover is a type of emergency handover. The TA handover decision
is made according to the TA value reported by the MS.
The TA value of a normal cell ranges from 0 to 63 and that of an extended cell ranges from 0 to
229. The TA can be stepped up or down in steps of 553.5 m. The TA value of 63 corresponds
to a distance of 35 km.
TA handover is triggered when the following conditions are met:
l
TA HO Allowed is set to Yes.
Filtered TA value in the measurement report provided by the MS is greater than or equal
to TA Threshold.
The TA handover can be triggered only when the preceding two conditions are met
simultaneously.
NOTE
From the perspective of the triggering conditions of TA handover, TA can be regarded as a limitation to
the size of a cell.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-41

1 Handover

preprocessing. In addition, the target cell should meet the following limitations:
l
If TA Threshold of a co-site neighboring cell is lower than or equal to the TA

Threshold of the serving cell, a handover to the neighboring cell is prohibited.
In handover algorithm II, a cell becomes the target cell for TA handover if the previous
conditions are met for TA HO Valid Time(0.5s) within TA HO Watch Time(0.5s).
If the triggering conditions of TA handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
l


Limitations
After the TA handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During Penalty
Time after TA HO(s), Penalty Level after TA HO is subtracted from the level of the original
BQ Handover
Bad Quality (BQ) handover is a type of emergency handover in which the system makes the
decision based on the uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface.
RX quality is represented by bit error rate (BER). The BSC measures the quality of a radio link
based on the quality class in the measurement report. The probable cause of an increase in BER
is that the signal power is too low or the channel interference increases.
If BQ HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of BQ handover are as follows:
l
The uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the uplink RX quality threshold of the
serving cell.
The downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the downlink RX quality threshold of
the serving cell.
The BQ handover is triggered when either of the preceding conditions is met.

l
1-42
For non-AMR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is UL
Qual. Threshold and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DL Qual. Threshold.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
For AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQuaLimitAMRFR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold
is DLQuaLimitAMRFR.
For AMR HR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQuaLimitAMRHR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality
threshold is DLQuaLimitAMRHR.

l
In handover algorithm II, the serving cell cannot be selected as the target cell.
The RX level of target cell must meet the following conditions:
The serving cell and the target cell work in the same frequency.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell > Filtered downlink RX level of the serving
cell + Inter-cell HO Hysteresis of the serving cell configured for the neighboring cell
- BQ HO Margin + 64
The serving cell works in GSM900 and the target cell works in DCS1800.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell Inter-layer HO Threshold + (Interlayer HO Hysteresis - 64).
The serving cell works in DCS1800 and the target cell works in GSM900.
There is no constraint on the target cell in this condition.
In handover algorithm II, a cell becomes the target cell for BQ handover if the previous
conditions are met for BQ HO Valid Time(0.5s) within BQ HO Watch Time(0.5s).
If the triggering conditions of BQ handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
l


Limitations
After the BQ handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During Penalty
Time after BQ HO(s), Penalty Level after BQ HO is subtracted from the level of the original
Interference Handover
Interference handover is a type of intra-cell handover in handover algorithm II.
Interference handover helps protect the interfered calls and reduce the network interference. It
is applicable to scenarios with interference.
In handover algorithm II, the BQ handover is a type of emergency handover and the interference
handover is a type of intra-cell handover.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-43

1 Handover
If Intracell HO Allowed is set to Yes and Interference HO Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering
conditions of interference handover are as follows:
l
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality
threshold at the current uplink RX level.
The filtered value of downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX
quality threshold at the current downlink RX level.
In handover algorithm II, the interference handover is triggered when the previous conditions
are met for Interfere HO Valid Time(0.5s) within Interfere HO Static Time(0.5s).
l
For non-AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the RX quality threshold is
RXQUALn, where 1 n 12.
For AMR FR calls, the parameters for specifying the RX quality threshold are
RXQUALn (1 n 12) and RXLEVOff.
If n = 1, the RX quality threshold is RXQUAL1.
If 2 n 12, the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn + RXLEVOff.

In handover algorithm II, only the serving cell can be selected as the target cell.
Limitations
In handover algorithm II, if an interference handover is initiated, it cannot be initiated again
within Penalty Time on Interfere HO regardless of whether the handover is successful.
Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report

Handover due to no downlink measurement report is performed on the basis of the uplink quality.
The purpose is to ensure the call continuity and minimize the possibility of call drops.
Handover due to no downlink measurement report is generally caused by adverse radio
environment on the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be
met, so other handover decisions cannot be performed.
In handover algorithm II, the triggering conditions of handover due to no downlink measurement
report are as follows:
1-44
No Dl Mr.HO Allowed is set to Yes.
There is no downlink information in the measurement report of the call.
The number of lost downlink MRs is smaller than Cons.No Dl Mr.HO Allowed Limit.
For TCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than Filter Length
for TCH Qual; for SDCCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater
than Filter Length for SDCCH Qual.
Issue 01 (20090430)

l
1 Handover
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to UL Qual. Threshold.
For AMR FR calls, the corresponding parameter is ULQuaLimitAMRFR.
For AMR HR calls, the corresponding parameter is ULQuaLimitAMRHR.
When all the previous conditions are met, the handover due to no downlink measurement report
is triggered.

In handover algorithm II, the conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
l
The ranked neighboring cells recorded in the last complete measurement report are saved
as candidate cells.
Only a neighboring cell can serve as the target cell.
RX level in neighboring cell > Filtered RX level in serving cell + Inter-cell HO

Hysteresis - BQ HO Margin + 64
A neighboring cell serves as the target cell if the previous conditions are met for UL BQ
HO Last Time(0.5s) within UL BQ HO Static Time(0.5s).
Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

Enhanced dual-band network handover is performed based on the traffic volume of the overlaid
and underlaid cells and based on the receive level.
Enhanced dual-band network handover is classified into the following types:
l
Handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to low load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to High Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
The two cells are in the enhanced dual-band network and Load HO From UL Subcell to
OL Subcell Allowed is set to Yes.
The MS supports the frequency band on which the overlaid cell operates.
The handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is performed only on TCHs.
The load in the underlaid cell is higher than or equal to UL Subcell General Overload
Threshold(%).
The load in the overlaid cell is lower than Inner Cell Serious OverLoad Threshold(%).
And OL Subcell HO.
to Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
is triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell in the cell is higher than or equal to UL Subcell Serious
Overload Threshold(%), then the handover margin is adjusted in a period of UL Subcell Load
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-45

1 Handover
Hierarchical HO Period(s) subtracted by Modified Step Length of UL Load HO Period(s).

The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by Step Length of UL Subcell
Load HO(dB).
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to Low Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
The load in the underlaid cell is lower than UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%).
And OL Subcell HO.
to Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell is lower than UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%) for a
specified period, then the handover margin is adjusted in a period of OL Subcell Load Diversity
HO Period(s). The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by Step Length of
OL Subcell Load HO(dB).
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to MS Movement to the Border of the

Overlaid Cell
The triggering conditions of the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid
cell are as follows:
l
SS(s) < Thdouter
SS(u) - SS(n) < ATCB_THRD - ATCB_HYST

Here,
SS(s): specifies the filtering compensated downlink RX level in the serving cell.
Thdouter: specifies Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB).
SS(u): specifies the downlink level (power compensation is performed on the downlink
level based on the measurement) of the underlaid cell where the call is originated. If the
SS(u) value cannot be obtained, you can infer that the decision of enhanced dual-band
network handover is not performed and the decision condition is met by default.
SS(n): The best neighboring cell is the one whose measured BCCH level is the highest
among neighboring cells. SS(n) is the signal level of the best neighboring cell that
operates on the same frequency band, locates at the same layer, and has the same priority
as the underlaid cell but is not co-sited with the underlaid cell. If such a neighboring
cell is not available, the value of SS(n) is -110 dBm.
ATCB_THRD: specifies Distance Between Boundaries of UL And OL Subcells

(dB).
ATCB_HYST: specifies Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of UL And OL

Subcells(dB).
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell is triggered if either of
the preceding conditions is met.
1-46

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
NOTE
In the ATCB handover algorithm, the border between the overlaid and underlaid cells is determined
according to the signal strength of the serving cell and that of neighboring cells. If SS(s) = SS(n), the
system considers that the MS is located at the border of the underlaid cell. If SS(s) - SS(n) >
ATCB_THRD, the system considers that the MS is located in the coverage area of the overlaid cell.
The coverage area of the overlaid cell is determined according to different networking and coverage
conditions of the existing network. In addition, the overlaid cell of the serving cells and the overlaid
cell of the neighboring cells will not overlap regardless of the distance between BTSs.
The handover margin specifies the range of signal level. In the case of overlaid/underlaid load handover
on the enhanced dual-band network, the MSs whose downlink levels are within the handover margin
are handed over level by level.

The requirements for target cell selection in the enhanced dual-band network are as follows:
l
For the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the
overlaid cell.
For the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the
underlaid cell.
For the handover due to MS movement in the overlaid subcell, the MS must be handed
over to the underlaid cell.
Limitations
The limitations on the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
If the cell where the call is located is on an enhanced dual-band network, Attributes of UL
And OL Subcells is set to Underlaid Subcell.
The Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to Incoming OL Subcell HO level
Threshold(dB). The MS with the highest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
l
The Load HO of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enabled parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to Outgoing OL Subcell HO level
Threshold(dB). The MS with the lowest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell are as
follows:
l
Impact of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing Algorithm

The impact of the enhanced dual-band network handover on the existing algorithm is as follows:
On the enhanced dual-band network, the MS should not be handed over to a cell in the same
underlaid/overlaid cell group when the load handovers between the overlaid cell and the
underlaid cell (specified by Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed and Load HO
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-47

1 Handover
of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enabled) are allowed. This is to prevent a load handover of a

normal cell from colliding with a load handover between the overlaid cell and the underlaid cell
on the network.
Load Handover
In handover algorithm II, load handover is not decided independently.
In handover algorithm II, the load handover decision is made in network adjustment phase. The
selection of target cell should be processed by the better cell handover. That is, the load handover
is triggered when the triggering conditions of load handover and better cell handover are met
simultaneously.
See Load Handover for the triggering conditions of load handover. See Better Cell
Handover for the triggering conditions of better cell handover.
Edge Handover
Edge handover is performed on the basis of receive level.
To trigger an edge handover, the receive level of the target cell should be at least one hysteresis
value (specified by Inter-cell HO Hysteresis) greater than the receive level of the serving cell.
If Edge Handover Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of edge handover are as
follows:
l
Either of the following conditions is met.
The filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell is lower than Edge HO DL RX_LEV
Threshold.
The filtered uplink RX level of the serving cell is lower than Edge HO UL RX_LEV
Threshold.
RX level of the neighboring cell > RX level of the serving cell + Inter-cell HO Hysteresis
An edge handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, when the previous conditions
are met for Edge HO Valid Time(s) within Edge HO Watch Time(s).
Figure 1-13 shows the edge handover.
Figure 1-13 Edge handover
Cell 1
Cell 2
-97 dBm
1-48
-85 dBm

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover

The target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In addition, it should
meet the following conditions:
l
A cell becomes the target cell if the previous conditions are met for Edge HO AdjCell Valid
Time(s) within Edge HO AdjCell Watch Time(s).
If the triggering conditions of edge handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
l


to initiate another type of handover is made.
Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover

Fast-moving micro cell handover is performed from a micro cell to a macro cell according to
the relative speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized.
Fast-moving micro cell handover applies to the following scenarios:
l
If an MS is moving fast in a micro cell, it is handed over to a macro cell.
To prevent an MS that is moving fast in a macro cell from entering a micro cell, time penalty
is performed on the micro cell so that the fast-moving MS camps on the macro cell.
Figure 1-14 shows the fast-moving micro cell handover.

Figure 1-14 Fast-moving micro cell handover
Umbrella cell
Micro cell
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-49

1 Handover
If MS Fast Moving HO Allowed is set to Yes, the handover decision procedure of fast-moving
micro cell handover is as follows:
1.
When the triggering conditions of edge handover or PBGT handover are met, the fastmoving micro cell handover decision is started.
2.
When the period during which the MS camps on the serving cell is shorter than MS Fastmoving Time Threshold(s), the number of cells through which the fast-moving MS passes
is incremented by one.
NOTE
The cells counted by the system must locate at a layer lower than layer 4. In other words, they must
be non-Umbrella cells.
3.
When the number of cells that the MS passes in fast movement reaches MS Fast-moving
Watch Cells, the fast-moving micro cell handover is triggered if the number of cells that
the MS passes in fast movement counted by the system is greater than or equal to MS Fastmoving Valid Cells.

In handover algorithm II, the target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate
cells. In addition, the target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
The target cell must be at layer 4, that is, Umbrella cell.
Filtered RX level of the target cell Inter-layer HO Threshold + Adjacent Cell Interlayer HO Hysteresis - 64
A neighboring cell serves as the target cell if the previous conditions are met for HCS HO
Valid Time(0.5s) within HCS HO Watch Time(0.5s).
Limitations
After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successful, the penalty is performed on all the
neighboring micro cells. During Penalty Time on Fast Moving HO(s), Penalty on MS Fast
Moving HO is subtracted from the RX level of every neighboring micro cell.
Cell Layer and Cell Priority

Through Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a proper traffic volume distribution can be
realized among multiple frequency bands.
Huawei multiband handover algorithm divides cells into four layers, with 16 priorities at each
layer. The Layer of the Cell parameter specifies at which layer a cell is located. This algorithm
is applicable to complex networking scenarios. Figure 1-15 shows the cell layers.
1-50

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Figure 1-15 Cell layers

GSM900
Layer 4
Umbrella Cell
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
Macro Cell
Layer 3
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Micro Cell
Layer 2
GSM900
DCS1800
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Pico Cell
Layer 1
In Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a GSM network covering a certain area is divided
into four layers, which are:
l
Layer 4: Umbrella cell. The umbrella cells are generally GSM900 cells having the wide
coverage feature. It also implements fast MS connection.
Layer 3: Macro cell. The macro cells are generally GSM900 cells, which are commonly
used in current GSM system and serve majority of subscribers.
Layer 2: Micro cell. The micro cells are generally DCS1800 cells having the small coverage
feature. They enable capacity expansion.
Layer 1: Pico cell. The pico cells are generally DCS1800 cells, which are used in hot spots
and blind spots.
The cell at the lower layer has a higher priority.
Better Cell Handover

Better cell handover is optimized from inter-layer handover and PBGT handover in handover
algorithm I, and performs handover decision based on handover algorithm II.
If Better Cell Handover Enable is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of better cell handover
are as follows:
l
If Pathloss Ho. Enable is set to Yes, the serving cell and the target cell are ranked based
on the path loss; if Pathloss Ho. Enable is set to No, pathloss is not taken into consideration
during the sorting of serving cells and target cells.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-51

1 Handover
l
The target cell meets the preceding conditions for Better Cell HO Valid Time(s) within
Better Cell HO Watch Time(s).

The requirements for target cell selection are as follows:
l
Handover Between a Full-Rate TCH and a Half-Rate TCH

Handover between a full-rate TCH and a half-rate TCH performs decision based on handover
algorithm II.
Types of handover between a full-rate TCH and a half-rate TCH are as follows:
l
AMR TCHF-TCHH handover and non-AMR TCHF-TCHH handover

The purpose is to absorb more MSs and to reduce the cell congestion if the cell load is high.
AMR TCHH-TCHF handover and non-AMR TCHH-TCHF handover

The purpose is to improve the speech quality of the call if the cell load is low.
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

If the IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of
AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
l
Speech Version used by the call is full-rate speech version 3.
Downlink path loss of the call IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Pathloss

Threshold + path loss handover margin
ATCB of the call IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho ATCB Threshold ATCB

handover margin
Uplink signal quality of the call IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual. Threshold
Downlink signal quality of the call IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual.

Threshold
The preceding conditions are met for IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Last Time(s) within
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Stat Time(s).
Triggering Conditions of Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

If the IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions
of non-AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
1-52
Speech Version used by the call is full-rate speech version 1 or full-rate speech version 2.
Downlink path loss of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Pathloss

Threshold + path loss handover margin
ATCB of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho ATCB Threshold ATCB

handover margin
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Uplink signal quality of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual.

Threshold
Downlink signal quality IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual. Threshold
The preceding conditions are met for IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Last Time(s) within
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Stat Time(s).
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

If IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed is set to Yes or IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF
Qual Ho Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are
as follows:
l
Speech Version used by the call is half-rate speech version 3.
Downlink path loss IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Pathloss Threshold
ATCB of the call IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho ATCB Threshold
Uplink signal quality IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual. Threshold
Downlink signal quality of the call IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual.

Threshold
The AMR TCHH-TCHF handover is triggered if either of the preceding conditions is met
for IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Last Time(s) within IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Stat
Time(s) and Speech Version is half-rate speech version 3.
Triggering Conditions of Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

If IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed is set to Yes or IntraCell Non-AMR
TCHH-TCHF Qual. Ho Allowed is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of non-AMR TCHFTCHH handover are as follows:
l
Speech Version used by the call is half-rate speech version 1.
Downlink path loss of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Pathloss

Threshold
ATCB of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho ATCB Threshold
Uplink signal quality of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual.

Threshold
Downlink signal quality of the call IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual.

Threshold
The non-AMR TCHH-TCHF handover is triggered if either of the preceding conditions is

met for IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Last Time(s) within IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho
Stat Time(s) and Speech Version is half-rate speech version 1.

Only the serving cell can be selected as the target cell of the TCHF-TCHH handover.
Other Handovers
Other handovers here refer to better 3G cell handover and tight BCCH handover.
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-53

1 Handover
Better 3G Cell Handover

See 2G/3G Interoperability.
Tight BCCH Handover

See BCCH Dense Frequency Multiplexing.
1.4 Maintenance Information

Parameters
Table 1-4 lists the parameters related to handover.
Table 1-4 Parameters related to handover
1-54
Name
Effective Level
HO Control Switch
Cell
Power boost before HO enabled or not
Cell
MR.Preprocessing
Cell
Transfer Original MR
Cell
Transfer BS/MS Power Class
Cell
Sent Freq.of preprocessed MR
Cell
Measurement Report Type
Cell
DtxMeasUsed
Cell
Allowed M.R Number Lost
Cell
Filter Length for SDCCH Level.
Cell
Filter Length for TCH Level.
Cell
Filter Length for SDCCH Qual
Cell
Cell
Filter Length for TA
Cell
TA Filter Length for SDCCH Level
Cell
Filter Length for Ncell RX_LEV
Cell
NCell Filter Length for SDCCH Level
Cell
Quick Handover Punish Time(s)
Cell
Quick Handover Punish Value(dB)
Cell
Penalty Time after TA HO(s)
Cell

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Name
Effective Level
Penalty Time after BQ HO(s)
Cell
Cell
Penalty Level after TA HO
Cell
Penalty Level after BQ HO
Cell
Penalty on Fast Moving Handover
Cell
Penalty Time on Fast Moving HO(s)
Cell
Penalty Time after AMR TCHF-H HO Fail(s)
Cell
Cell
Penalty Time of UtoO HO(s)
Cell
Inter UL And OL Subcells HO Penalty Time(s)
Cell
Penalty Level after HO Fail
Cell
UmPenaltyTimer
Cell
RscPenaltyTimer
Cell
CfgPenaltyTimer
Cell
Penalty Time after OtoU HO Fail(s)
Cell
Penalty Time after UtoO HO Fail(s)
Cell
Inter-BSC SDCCH HO ALLowed
Cell
Min DL level on Candidate Cell
Cell
Min Access Level Offset
Cell
Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell
Cell
Min Ec/No Threshold
Cell
FDD REP QUANT
Cell
Min RSCP Threshold
Cell
Cell
Directed Retry Permitted
Cell
Inter-RAT HO Preference
Cell
Min Interval for Emerg.HOs
Cell
HO Preference Threshold for 2G Cell
Cell
Quick Handover Enable
Cell
Quick Move Speed Threshold(m/s)
Cell
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-55

1 Handover
1-56
Name
Effective Level
Quick Handover Up Trigger Level(dB)
Cell
Quick Handover Down Trigger Level(dB)
Cell
Chain Neighbor Cell
Cell
TA HO Allowed
Cell
TA Threshold
Cell
Inter-RAT In BSC Handover Enable
Cell
Inter-RAT Cell Reselection Enable
Cell
BQ HO Allowed
Cell
UL Qual. Threshold
Cell
DL Qual. Threshold
Cell
ULQuaLimitAMRFR
Cell
DLQuaLimitAMRFR
Cell
ULQuaLimitAMRHR
Cell
DLQuaLimitAMRHR
Cell
Inter-cell HO Hysteresis
Cell
BQ HO Margin
Cell
Intracell HO Allowed
Cell
Rx_Level_Drop HO Allowed
Cell
Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold
Cell
Filter Parameter A1
Cell
Filter Parameter A2
Cell
Filter Parameter A3
Cell
Filter Parameter A4
Cell
Filter Parameter A5
Cell
Filter Parameter A6
Cell
Filter Parameter A7
Cell
Filter Parameter A8
Cell
Filter Parameter B
Cell
Interference HO Allowed
Cell
RXQUAL1
Cell

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Name
Effective Level
RXQUAL2
Cell
RXQUAL3
Cell
RXQUAL4
Cell
RXQUAL5
Cell
RXQUAL6
Cell
RXQUAL7
Cell
RXQUAL8
Cell
RXQUAL9
Cell
RXQUAL10
Cell
RXQUAL11
Cell
RXQUAL12
Cell
RXLEVOff
Cell
Forbidden time after MAX Times
Cell
Inter-layer HO Threshold
Cell
Inter-cell HO Hysteresis
Cell
No Dl Mr.HO Allowed
Cell
No Dl Mr.Ul Qual HO Limit
Cell
Cons.No Dl Mr.HO Allowed Limit
Cell
Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed
Cell
UL Subcell General Overload Threshold(%)
Cell
Inner Cell Serious OverLoad Threshold(%)
Cell
Allowed Flow Control Level of UL And OL Subcell HO
Cell
UL Subcell Serious Overload Threshold(%)
Cell
UL Subcell Load Hierarchical HO Period(s)
Cell
Modified Step Length of UL Load HO Period(s)
Cell
Step Length of UL Subcell Load HO(dB)
Cell
UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%)
Cell
Allowed Flow Control Level of UL And OL Subcell HO
Cell
Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)
Cell
Distance Between Boundaries of UL And OL Subcells(dB)
Cell
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-57

1 Handover
1-58
Name
Effective Level
Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of UL And OL Subcells(dB)
Cell
Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)
Cell
Load HO of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enabled
Cell
HW_Concentric Attribute
Cell
Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold
Cell
Load HO Threshold(%)
Cell
Load Req.on Candidate Cell(%)
Cell
Load HO Step Level
Cell
Load HO Bandwidth
Cell
Load HO Allowed
Cell
System Flux Threshold for Load HO
Cell
Edge Handover Allowed
Cell
Edge HO Watch Time(s)
Cell
Edge HO Valid Time(s)
Cell
MS Fast Moving HO Allowed
Cell
MS Fast-moving Time Threshold
Cell
MS Fast-moving Watch Cells
Cell
MS Fast-moving Valid Cells
Cell
Layer of the Cell
Cell
Level HO Allowed
Cell
Layer HO Watch Time(s)
Cell
Layer HO Valid Time(s)
Cell
PBGT HO Allowed
Cell
PBGT Watch Time(s)
Cell
PBGT Valid Time(s)
Cell
PBGT HO Threshold
Cell
Penalty Allowed
Cell
Cell
TA HO Watch Time(Num of MR)(0.5s)
Cell
TA HO Valid Time(0.5s)
Cell

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Name
Effective Level
BQ HO Watch Time(0.5s)
Cell
BQ HO Valid Time(0.5s)
Cell
Interfere HO Static Time(0.5s)
Cell
Interfere HO Valid Time(0.5s)
Cell
UL BQ HO Static Time(0.5s)
Cell
UL BQ HO Last Time(0.5s)
Cell
HCS HO Watch Time(0.5s)
Cell
HCS HO Valid Time(0.5s)
Cell
Better Cell Handover Enable
Cell
Better Cell HO Watch Time(s)
Cell
Pathloss Ho. Enable
Cell
Better Cell HO Valid Time(s)
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Pathloss Threshold
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho ATCB Threshold
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual. Threshold
Cell
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Stat Time(s)
Cell
IntraCell TCHF-TCHH Ho Last Time(s)
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Allowed
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Pathloss Threshold
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho ATCB Threshold
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Ho Qual. Threshold
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Qual Ho Allowed
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Pathloss Threshold
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho ATCB Threshold
Cell
IntraCell AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual. Threshold
Cell
IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Stat Time(s)
Cell
IntraCell TCHH-TCHF Ho Last Time(s)
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Qual. Ho Allowed
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Pathloss Threshold
Cell
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-59

1 Handover
Name
Effective Level
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho ATCB Threshold
Cell
IntraCell Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Ho Qual. Threshold
Cell
Intracell F-H HO Allowed
Cell
AMR TCH/H Prior Allowed
Cell
AMR TCH/H Prior Cell Load Threshold
Cell
F2H HO Threshold
Cell
Intracell F-H HO Last Time(s)
Cell
Intracell F-H HO Stat Time(s)
Cell
H2F HO Threshold
Cell
Attributes of UL And OL Subcells
Cell
OL Subcell Load Diversity HO Period(s)
Cell
Step Length of OL Subcell Load HO(dB)
Cell
Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
Cell
Inter-BSC Load Handover Allowed
Cell
Counters
Table 1-5 lists the counters related to handover.
Table 1-5 Counters related to handover
1-60
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3000
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH)
H3009
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (TCH)
H3010
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH)
H3017
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF)
H3018
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH)
H3020
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (SDCCH)
H3029
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (TCH)
H3020A
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Channel

Unavailable) (SDCCH)
H3029A

Unavailable) (TCH)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H302B
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Terrestrial

Resource Request Failed)
H302G
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (A Interface

Failure)
H3020C
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired)

(SDCCH)
H3027Cb

(TCHF) (Signaling Channel)
H3028Cb

(TCHH) (Signaling Channel)
H3027Ca

(TCHF) (Traffic Channel)
H3028Ca

(TCHH) (Traffic Channel)
H302Da
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection

to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Unspecified)
H302Db

to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Channel
Unacceptable)
H302Dc

to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Timer
Expired)
H302Dd

to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, No Activity on
the Radio Path)
H302De

to Old Channels) (Preemptive Release)
H302Df

to Old Channels) (Handover Failed, Timing Advance
out of Range)
H302Dg

to Old Channels) (Channel Mode Unavailable)
H302Dh

to Old Channels) (Frequency Unavailable)
H302Di

to Old Channels) (Call Already Cleared)
H302Dj

to Old Channels) (Semantically Incorrect Message)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-61

1 Handover
1-62
Counter ID
Counter Name
H302Dk

to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory Information)
H302Dl

to Old Channels) (Message Type Non-existent or Not
Implemented)
H302Dm

to Old Channels) (Message Type Not Compatible
with Protocol State)
H302Dn

to Old Channels) (Conditional IE Error)
H302Do

to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation Available)
H302Dp

to Old Channels) (Protocol Error Unspecified)
H302Dq

to Old Channels) (Other Causes)
H3002
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Underlay to

Overlay)
H3001
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Overlay to

Underlay)
H3012
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Underlay

to Overlay)
H3011
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Overlay to

Underlay)
H3022A

Unavailable) (Underlay to Overlay)
H3021A

Unavailable) (Overlay to Underlay)
H3022M
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Other Causes)

(Underlay to Overlay)
H3021M
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Other Causes)

(Overlay to Underlay)
H3003A
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Dynamic

Conversion, TCHF-TCHH)
H3003B

Conversion, TCHH-TCHF)
H3004A

Conversion, TCH-SDCCH)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3004B

Conversion, SDCCH-TCH)
H3013A
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Dynamic

H3013B

H3014A

H3014B

H3023A
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Dynamic

H3023B

H3024A

H3024B

H3055A
Internal Intra-Cell Handovers Not Initiated (AMR)

(TCHF-TCHH)
H3055B
Internal Intra-Cell Handovers Not Initiated (AMR)

(TCHH-TCHF)
H3005A
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (AMR)

(TCHF-TCHH)
H3005B
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (AMR)

(TCHH-TCHF)
H3015A
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (AMR)

(TCHF-TCHH)
H3015B
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (AMR)

(TCHH-TCHF)
H3025A
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (AMR) (TCHFTCHH)
H3025B
Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (AMR)

(TCHH-TCHF)
H3040
Internal Intra-Cell Handover Detection Messages

Received by BSC (SDCCH)
H3047

Received by BSC (TCHF)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-63

1 Handover
1-64
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3048

Received by BSC (TCHH)
H3200W
Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests

(SDCCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3200X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3200Y

(SDCCH) (900/8501800/1900)
H3200Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3209W

(TCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3209X

(TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3209Y

(TCH) (900/8501800/1900)
H3209Z

(TCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3210W
Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses

(SDCCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3210X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3210Y

(SDCCH) (900/8501800/1900)
H3210Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3217W

(TCHF) (900/850-900/850)
H3217X

(TCHF) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3217Y

(TCHF) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3217Z

(TCHF) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3218W

(TCHH) (900/850900/850)
H3218X

(TCHH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3218Y

(TCHH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3218Z

(TCHH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3220W
Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers

(SDCCH) (900/850900/850)
H3220X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3220Y

(SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3220Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3229W

(TCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3229X

(TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3229Y

(TCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3229Z

(TCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3220A
Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No

Channel Available) (SDCCH)
H3229A
Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No

Channel Available) (TCH)
H322B

(Terrestrial Resource Request Failed)
H322D

(Reconnection to Old Channels)
H322G
Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (A

Interface Failure)
H3220C

(Timer Expired) (SDCCH)
H3227Cb

(Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel)
H3228Cb

(Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel)
H3227Ca

(Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-65

1 Handover
1-66
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3228Ca

(Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel)
H3240
Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Detection

Messages Received by BSC (SDCCH)
H3247

Messages Received by BSC (TCHF)
H3248

Messages Received by BSC (TCHH)
H3100W
Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests

(SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850
900/850)
H3100X

(SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry)
(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3100Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3100Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3107W

(TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry)
(900/850-900/850)
H3107X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3107Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3107Z

(TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900
900/850)
H3108W

(TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850
900/850)
H3108X

(TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry)
(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3108Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3108Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3101W

(Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850)
H3101X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3101Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3101Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3110W
Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands

900/850)
H3110X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3110Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3110Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3117W
Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command

900/850)
H3117X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3117Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3117Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3118W

900/850)
H3118X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-67

1 Handover
1-68
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3118Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3118Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3111W

(Directed Retry) (900/850900/850)
H3111X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3111Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3111Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3120W
Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers

900/850)
H3120X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3120Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3120Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3127W

900/850)
H3127X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3127Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3127Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3128W

900/850)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3128X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3128Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3128Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3121W

(Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850)
H3121X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3121Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3121Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H312A
Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No

Channel Available)
H312B

H312G
Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (A

Interface Failure)
H3120C

(Timer Expired) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed
Retry)
H3127Cb

(Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel)
H3128Cb

(Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel)
H3127Ca

(Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel)
H3128Ca

(Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel)
H3121C

(Timer Expired) (Directed Retry)
H312Da

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release,
Unspecified)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-69

1 Handover
1-70
Counter ID
Counter Name
H312Db

Channel Unacceptable)
H312Dc

Timer Expired)
H312Dd

No Activity on the Radio Path)
H312De

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Preemptive
Release)
H312Df

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Handover Failed,
Timing Advance out of Range)
H312Dg

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Channel Mode
Unavailable)
H312Dh

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Frequency
Unavailable)
H312Di

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Call Already
Cleared)
H312Dj

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Semantically
Incorrect Message)
H312Dk

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory
Information)
H312Dl

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type
Non-existent or Not Implemented)
H312Dm

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Not
Compatible with Protocol State)
H312Dn

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Conditional IE
Error)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H312Do

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation
Available)
H312Dp

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Protocol Error
Unspecified)
H312Dq

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Other Causes)
H310A

(Uplink Quality)
H310B

(Downlink Quality)
H310C

(Uplink Strength)
H310D

(Downlink Strength)
H310E
Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests

(Timing Advance)
H310F

(Better Cell)
H310G

(Load)
H310H
Number of Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover

Requests (Rapid Level Drop)
H310I
Number of Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover

Requests (MSC Intervention)
H310J

(OM Intervention)
H310L

(Other Causes)
H311A

(Uplink Quality)
H311B

(Downlink Quality)
H311C

(Uplink Strength)
H311D

(Downlink Strength)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-71

1 Handover
1-72
Counter ID
Counter Name
H311E
Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands

(Timing Advance)
H311F

(Better Cell)
H311G

(Load)
H311H

(Rapid Level Drop)
H311I

(MSC Intervention)
H311J

(OM Intervention)
H311L

(Other Causes)
H3122A

(Uplink Quality)
H3122B

(Downlink Quality)
H3122C

(Uplink Strength)
H3122D

(Downlink Strength)
H3122E

(Timing Advance)
H3122F

(Better Cell)
H3122G

(Load)
H3122H

(Rapid Level Drop)
H3122I
Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (MSC

Intervention)
H3122J
Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (OM

Intervention)
H3122L

(Other Causes)
H3400W
Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests

(SDCCH) (900/850900/850)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3400X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3400Y

(SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3400Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3409W

(TCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3409X

(TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3409Y

(TCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3409Z

(TCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3410W
Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses

(SDCCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3410X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3410Y

(SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3410Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3417W

(TCHF) (900/850-900/850)
H3417X

(TCHF) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3417Y

(TCHF) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3417Z

(TCHF) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3418W

(TCHH) (900/850-900/850)
H3418X

(TCHH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3418Y

(TCHH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3418Z

(TCHH) (1800/1900-900/850)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-73

1 Handover
1-74
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3420W
Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers

(SDCCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3420X

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3420Y

(SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3420Z

(SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3429W

(TCH) (900/850-900/850)
H3429X

(TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3429Y

(TCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3429Z

(TCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3401B
Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH

Requests (TCHF Only)
H3401C

Requests (TCHH Only)
H3401D

Requests (TCHF Preferred, Channel Type
Unchangeable)
H3401E

Requests (TCHH Preferred, Channel Type
Unchangeable)
H3401G

Requests (TCHF Preferred, Channel Type
Changeable)
H3401H

Requests (TCHH Preferred, Channel Type
Changeable)
H3401F

Requests (TCHF or TCHH, Channel Type
Unchangeable)
H3401I

Requests (TCHF or TCHH, Channel Type
Changeable)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H342I

(Invalid Message)
H3420A
Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (No

Channel Available) (SDCCH)
H3429A
Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (No

Channel Available) (TCH)
H342E
Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (CIC

Unavailable)
H342F
Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (CIC

Allocated)
H342B

H342H

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC)
H3420C

(Timer Expired) (SDCCH)
H3429Cb

(Timer Expired) (TCH) (Signaling Channel)
H3429Ca

(Timer Expired) (TCH) (Traffic Channel)
H3440
Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Detection

Messages Received by BSC (SDCCH)
H3447

Messages Received by BSC (TCHF)
H3448

Messages Received by BSC (TCHH)
H3300W

900/850)
H3300X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3300Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3300Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-75

1 Handover
1-76
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3310W

900/850)
H3310X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3310Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3310Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3317W

900/850)
H3317X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3317Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3317Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3318W

900/850)
H3318X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3318Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3318Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3311W

(Directed Retry) (900/850900/850)
H3311X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3311Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3311Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900900/850)
H3320W
Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers

900/850)
H3320X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3320Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3320Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3327W

900/850)
H3327X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3327Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3327Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3328W

900/850)
H3328X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3328Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3328Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-77

1 Handover
1-78
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3321W

(Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850)
H3321X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3321Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3321Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H330A

(Uplink Quality)
H330B

(Downlink Quality)
H330C

(Uplink Strength)
H330D

(Downlink Strength)
H330E

(Timing Advance)
H330F

(Better Cell)
H330G

(Load)
H330H

(Rapid Level Drop)
H330I

(MSC Intervention)
H330J

(OM Intervention)
H330L

(Other Causes)
H331A

(Uplink Quality)
H331B

(Downlink Quality)
H331C

(Uplink Strength)
H331D

(Downlink Strength)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H331E

(Timing Advance)
H331F

(Better Cell)
H331G

(Load)
H331H

(Rapid Level Drop)
H331I

(MSC Intervention)
H331J

(OM Intervention)
H331L

(Other Causes)
H3322A

(Uplink Quality)
H3322B

(Downlink Quality)
H3322C

(Uplink Strength)
H3322D

(Downlink Strength)
H3322E

(Timing Advance)
H3322F

(Better Cell)
H3322G

(Load)
H3322H

(Rapid Level Drop)
H3322I

(MSC Intervention)
H3322J
Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (OM

Intervention)
H3322L

(Other Causes)
H332Ka

(Handover Request Rejected) (OM Intervention)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-79

1 Handover
1-80
Counter ID
Counter Name
H332Kb

(Handover Request Rejected) (Equipment Failure)
H332Kc

(Handover Request Rejected) (No Radio Resource
Available)
H332Kd

(Handover Request Rejected) (Requested Terrestrial
Resource Unavailable)
H332Ke

(Handover Request Rejected) (BSS not Equipped)
H332Kf

(Handover Request Rejected) (Invalid Cell)
H332Kg

(Handover Request Rejected) (Requested
Transcoding/Rate Adaption Unavailable)
H332Kh

(Handover Request Rejected) (Circuit Pool
Mismatch)
H332Ki

(Handover Request Rejected) (Requested Speech
Version Unavailable)
H332Kj

(Handover Request Rejected) (Ciphering Algorithm
not Supported)
H332Kk

(Handover Request Rejected) (Terrestrial circuit
already allocated)
H332Kl

(Handover Request Rejected) (Invalid Message)
H332Km

(Handover Request Rejected) (Protocol Error
between BSS and MSC)
H332Kn

(Handover Request Rejected) (Other Causes)
H332Da

Unspecified)
H332Db

Channel Unacceptable)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H332Dc

Timer Expired)
H332Dd

No Activity on the Radio Path)
H332De

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Preemptive
Release)
H332Df

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Handover Failed,
Timing Advance out of Range)
H332Dg

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Channel Mode
Unavailable)
H332Dh

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Frequency
Unavailable)
H332Di

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Call Already
Cleared)
H332Dj

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Semantically
Incorrect Message)
H332Dk

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory
Information)
H332Dl

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type
Non-existent or Not Implemented)
H332Dm

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Not
Compatible with Protocol State)
H332Dn

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Conditional IE
Error)
H332Do

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation
Available)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-81

1 Handover
1-82
Counter ID
Counter Name
H332Dp

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Protocol Error
Unspecified)
H332Dq

(Reconnection to Old Channels) (Other Causes)
H332Ha

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Radio Interface
Message Failure)
H332Hb

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Radio Interface
Failure)
H332Hc

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (OM Intervention)
H332Hd

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Equipment
Failure)
H332He

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Preemption)
H332Hf

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Invalid Message)
H332Hg

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Protocol Error
between BSS and MSC)
H332Hh

(Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Other Causes)
H332G
Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (A

Interface Failure)
H3320L
Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7

Expiry) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry)
H3327Lb

Expiry) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel)
H3328Lb

Expiry) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel)
H3327La

Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel)
H3328La

Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel)
H3321L

Expired) (Directed Retry)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3320C

Expiry) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry)
H3327Cb

Expiry) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel)
H3328Cb

Expiry) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel)
H3327Ca

Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel)
H3328Ca

Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel)
H3321C

Expired) (Directed Retry)
H3303

(Different Signaling Points)
H3313

H3323

H3307W

900/850)
H3307X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3307Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
H3307Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3308W

900/850)
H3308X

(1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3308Y

(900/850-1800/1900)
Issue 01 (20090430)

1-83

1 Handover
1-84
Counter ID
Counter Name
H3308Z

(1800/1900-900/850)
H3301W

(Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850)
H3301X

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3301Y

(Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3301Z

(Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H380
Cell Incoming Handover Requests
H382A
Failed Cell Incoming Handovers (Congestion)
H382M
Failed Cell Incoming Handovers (Other Causes)
H371A
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Uplink

Quality)
H371B
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Downlink

Quality)
H371C
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Uplink

Strength)
H371D
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Downlink

Strength)
H371E
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Timing

Advance)
H371F
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Better Cell)
H371G
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Load)
H371H
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Rapid Level

Drop)
H371I
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (MSC

Intervention)
H371J
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (OM

Intervention)
H371L
Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Other Causes)
H372A
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Uplink Quality)
H372B
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Downlink Quality)
H372C
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Uplink Strength)

Issue 01 (20090430)

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
H372D
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Downlink

Strength)
H372E
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Timing Advance)
H372F
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Better Cell)
H372G
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Load)
H372H
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Rapid Level Drop)
H372I
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (MSC Intervention)
H372J
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (OM Intervention)
H372L
Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Other Causes)
S3300C
Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink

Receive Level Rank = 0)
S3301C

S3302C

S3303C

S3304C

S3305C

S3306C

S3307C

S3310C

Receive Quality Rank = 0)
S3311C

S3312C

S3313C

S3314C

Issue 01 (20090430)

1-85

1 Handover
Counter ID
Counter Name
S3315C

S3316C

S3317C

AS330C
Mean Uplink Receiving Level during Handover

Initiation
AS331C
Mean Uplink Receive Quality during Handover

Initiation
AS330A
Mean Uplink Receive Level during Concentric Cell

Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay)
AS332A
Mean Downlink Receive Level during Concentric

Cell Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay)
AS330B
Mean Uplink Receive Level during Concentric Cell

Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay)
AS332B
Mean Downlink Receive Level during Concentric

Cell Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay)
AS334A
Mean Timing Advance during Concentric Cell

Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay)
AS334B
Mean Timing Advance during Concentric Cell

Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay)
1.5 Reference Documents
1-86
GSM 08.58
GSM 04.08

Issue 01 (20090430)

Index
Index
Issue 01 (20090430)

i-1

HUAWEI GSM Base Station Subsystem BSS Fe

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

HUAWEI GSM Base Station Subsystem BSS Fe

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

HUAWEI GSM Base Station Subsystem

BSS Feature Parameter Description

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2010. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Huawei Industrial Base

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential