CHINESE MUSIC.

16

The Ming (B^) (iSth century) adopted the Yiian gamut, but exduded
producing half tones, and so obtained a pentatonic scale composed as follows

all

the notes

-S>-

"TZ.

2Z

--

,Ss'i(.

i^haiifi.

-7D

Ho.

7^

Kung.

Ch'ih.

'

Wn.

Liu.

The present dynasty the Ch'ing (^) reverted to the Yiian gamut, leaving out, however,
Then- scale is given as
the note jtow (&}), which was the real pien-chih of the ancient scale.
follows

Actual

Names

of

Names

Ancient

Names

of Notes.

Western equivalent Notes.

of Ltis.

Notes.

Ho

y^

Huang

(i)

Shang

Ss&

Yi

Kvng

(l)

2<

''''*<*"

Jl

Chih

aiHh

fi

(J]dh{2).

Kung

^"

{i)

(2)

Kung

(3)

3S

Shang

Liu

Wu

From what

Kung

)\^

rai{x)

Ku

ifi

Chung

itj"

Lin

f|J

Nan

Ying

Mi
^

C.

u.

E.

{)

Shang

Fan

(i)

Huang

^ 'p

(2)

precedes

it

may

2"ai(2)

(2)

F.

G.

^)

A.

<5

C.

{r

^ jH

B.

<P

n.

be seen that not only have the names of the notes been
The two pien or half tones of
is no longer the same.

(jhano-ed but also the principle of the scale

been well understood by the

the ancient scale are no longer in use they have, it is true, never
put aside.
majority of Chinese, but now, to avoid all possible confusion, they have been carefidly
only use
they
practically
but
scale,
the
sounds
in
admit
seven
The present Chinese theoretically
five and that as well in ritual music as in popular tunes.
;