Appendix 2
infinitive ‘past simple past participle
be was/were been
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bite bit bitten
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
do did done
draw drew drawn,
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
feat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
get got got
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept ‘kept
know ‘knew known
leave left left
lend, Jent lent
infinitive
Tet
lie
light
lose
make
mean,
meet
pay
pur
read (teed) *
ride
ring
rise
run
say
see
sell
send
shine
shoot
show
shut
sing
sit
sleep
speak
spend
stand
steal
swim
take
teach
tear
ell
think
throw
understand.
wake
wear
win
write
past simple past participle
let let
lay lain
lit lit
lost lost
made made
meant meant
met met
paid paid
put put
read (red)* read (red)*
rode ridden
rang rung
rose is
saw
sold
sent
shone
shot
showed
shut
sang
sat
slept
spoke
spent
stood
stole
swam
took
taught
tore
told
thought
threw
understood understood
woke woken
wore worn
won won
wrote written
The following verbs can be regular (-ed) or irregular (+t):
* pronunciation
infinitive | past simple / past participle
burn burned or burnt
dream dreamed or dreamt
infinitive
learn
smell
past simple / past participle
learned or learnt
smelled or smeltAppendix 3
‘The past simple and past participle are the same: The past simple and past participle are different:
1) cow > cost | | let let TV rea > broke — broken
cut put put choose > chose chosen
hit shut shut speak spoke spoken
hare steal stole stolen
wake woke woken
didd
ent
sent
spent
built
Lode
blir
burnt
learnt
smelt
4-44
ds
felt
left
met
dreamt (deem)*
‘meant (ment)*
luis
ddddse
brought (brort)*
bought (oort)*
fought (fort)*
thought (thor)*
caught (kori)*
taught (tort)*
tbh ddgs
sold
told
HhLolbsse
Ld
found
had
heard
held
read (ted)*
said (sed)*
biddds
say
bhdduis
paid
made
pay
make
vd
stand > stood come > came — come
understand — understood become > became become
* pronunciation