Intervals. C Major Scale.

Half and Whole Steps

Ear Training - Identifying what you ear hears.

Ear Training make the connections between your musical mind, your ears, the sounds
around you, music notation, and your instrument.

Harmony - The study of chords, scales, and melodies.

Harmony study includes the analysis of chord progressions to show important

relationships between chords and the key a song is in.

Interval - The distance between two notes.

Here are the intervals of the C Major scale:

& ww

Unison

ww

Maj 2nd

ww

Maj 3rd

ww

Perfect
4th

ww

Perfect
5th

w
w

Maj
6th

w
w

Maj
7th

w
w

Perfect
octave

Intervals of the C Major scale as seen on the keyboard:

= Middle C

2.

Maj 2nd
Maj 3rd
Perfect 4th
Perfect 5th
Maj 6th
Maj 7th
Perfect Octave

Tonal Center - The tonic or Do of the scale; scale degree one.

The Staff
The staff is the foundation of where notes are placed: he staff consists of four spaces and
ves lines:

5
4
3
2
1

===========
4
3
2
1

3.

Clefs
Clefs assign individual notes to certain lines or spaces.
Treble Clef:

Here are the notes of the treble clef on the staff and keyboard:

4.

C Major Scale
Here is the C major scale. With any musical scale, you can refer to its notes by note name,
solfege, or scale degrees.

Fa

Sol

La

Ti

Do

& w
C

w
F

Do

Re

Mi

Note Names:
Solfege:

Scale Degrees: 1

A major scale is built with five whole steps (W) and two half steps (H).

& w

w
W

w
W

Here is the C Major Scale on the keyboard with half and whole-steps:

C D E F G A B C
W W H W W W H

w
H

5.

Half and Whole Steps

Half steps on the keyboard:

H
White to Black

H
White to White

H
Black to White

Whole steps on the keyboard:

W
White to White

W
Black to White

W
Black to Black

W
White to Black

6.

Keyboard Fingerings
In keyboard playing, the ngers are numbered starting with the thumb as 1 through to
the little nger 5, as on the right hand shown below.
Put your right thumb on middle C and let your
other ngers rest on the four keys in succession
above it. You will be in one 5-note hand position
spanning C through G, as shown below.
To play the C Major scale, use the following
ngerings: C (1), D (2), E (3), F (1), G (2), A (3),
B (4), C (5)