Mike Zollo, Alan Wesson italianark, Abings 4) 01235 40C 1. LL L12 L1.3 LA L15 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.2.6 1.2.7 1.2.8 1.3 13.1 13.2 1.3.3 13.4 Introduction Verbs Talking about what you do About verbs: what is the infinitive? Groups of verbs Ir The ‘p Fast track: verbs ular verbs sons’ of the verb Talking about what you are doing now the present tense Talking about what you are doing at this moment the present continuous tense Talking about yourself: io Talking to someone younger or someone you know well: tu Talking about someone or something else: lui/lei/Lei Talking about yourself and someone else: noi Talking to more than one person you know well: voi Talking about other people and things: loro/Loro Fast track: the present tense Negatives, interrogatives and imperatives Negatives: how to say what you don’t do Interrogatives: asking questions Imperatives: giving orders, directions or instructions ‘ast track: negatives, interrogatives and imperatives The past tenses The perfect tense: il passato prossimo How to form the past participle soe ~ 10 12 24 29 50 50 50 52 60 62 63 67Contents 1.4.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 1.4.8 1.5 15.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 154 Reflexive verbs in the perfect tense The imperfect tense: when to use it How to form the imperfect tense Perfect or imperfect? The past definite tens Fast track: the past : il passato remoto ses The future tense and the conditional The future tense: ‘I will ...” The conditional: ‘I would . How to form the conditional Fast track: the future and conditional The subjunctive How to form the subjunctive Expressions which take the subjunctive Recognising the subjunctive Fast track: the subjunctive Other tenses Fast track: verbs Useful expressions using verbs Essere and stare ci sono To have’: special uses of avere “To know’: sapere or conoscere? Impersonal verbs ‘Back-to-front’ verbs “To take’, ‘to bring’ and ‘to look for/fetch/meet™ a person ‘To remember’ and ‘to forget Negative expressions Question words and word order ‘ago’, and ‘to have just: da, faand appena : more on avere and other useful verbs 72 74 74 tia 78 80. 8 86 86. 89 90 95. 96 99 100 101 101 104 105 106 107 107 108 10 ML 12 Nouns and Determiners Nouns and gender Nouns and the words for ‘the’: il, la etc Singular nouns Nouns in the plural: i, gli, and le Nouns and the word for ‘a’: un, un’, uno and una How to tell if a noun is masculine or feminine How to say ‘my’, ‘you’, ‘his’, ‘her’, etc. *: il mio, la mia, i miei, le mie il tuo, la tua, i tuoi, le tue and ‘her’: il suo, la sua, i suoi, le sue il nostro, la nostra, i nostri, le nostre il vostro, la vostra, i vostri, le vostre il loro, la loro, i loro, le loro ‘Your’ (formal): il suo, la sua, i suoi, le sue; il loro, la loro, i loro, le loro Fast wack: nouns and determiners More determiners ‘This’, ‘these’, ‘that’ and ‘those’: questo/questa/questi/ queste/quel/quello/quella/quell’/quei/quegli/quelle “How much?’, ‘How many?"; quanto/quanta/quanti/ quante? ‘Some’, ‘other’, ‘all’, ‘any’, ‘every’, etc. Pronouns lo, tu, lei, lui, lei, esso/essa, ' ‘it’: subject pronouns first person singular *: second person singular, familiar form : second person singular, polite form Lui (egli), lei (ella), and esso/essa, ‘he : third person singular first person plural ‘oi, ‘you': second person plural, familiar form Lovo, ‘you’: second person plural, polite form Lovo, ‘they’: third person plural Fast track: subject pronouns , ‘you’, ‘he’, ‘she’, , ‘she’, 114 115 115 116, 119 129 129 130 130, < Contents