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    GUATEMALA 1954

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    Documento de la CIA (Guatemala 1954) (8)

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    GUATEMALA 1954

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    12 views28 pages

    Documento de La CIA (Guatemala 1954)

    Uploaded by

    HERODOTOGT
    GUATEMALA 1954

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    HISTORICAL REVIEW PROGRAM \ RELEASE AS SANITIZED 2003 == d ee eee ne ae this duritetion has a veleynone vO EFC Jex/ioo, and wee C — lpr/ors. 3. c, EHO Chief s Western Henisphere Division WH/s0K/taRs am Distribution: orig: ‘cp ce: PP/EPSC a C3 ony Pr 13 May 1957 MEMORANDUM FORt DEPUTY DIRECTOR (PLANS) SUBJECT: Jacobo Arbenz - Ex-President of Guatemala - Operations Against 1. A cable fron J eave that Arbens will depart Poris on 12 May via KLM 663 and that he is expected to arrive in Hontevideo at 1910 hours local tine on 13 May. 2, Before WH Division's precise objective can be determined, it 41s believed necessary to find out Arbens! exact plans in this Henis- phere end to take sccomt of his public statements after his arrival in Montevideo, Still a further guide of our activities will be the nature and extent of the threst caused by his presence in Latin America. 3. The attachment is the result of a researbh task carried cut Largely by [ Jexe Jlend At includes IMLUCK materials, Staff D information, as well as data fron other sources, There are several suggestions as to how these materials might be exploited: 4. Pass selected portions to President Castillo Armas (vie our steff agent) with a request thet he send them by special emissary) (probably a Guatemalan journalist) to Montevideo where effort will be made to have them published; No "Free-up" selected portions (especially the attached "Gray Book") in order that it may be passed into high-level circles of the various Latin American Governments, for the most part \ ‘through normal Liaison channels; i c. Utilize new press association established last month during the/ TJ one or two journalists from this association would be sent to Montevideo where they would endeavor to publish selected parts of the attachment and then to arrange for replay through their colleagues in other parte of Latin Americas presumably, 1t would be possible for such a team to remain as Arbens' overt shadow, to accompany hin to any part of Latin America, and it 1s believed feasible to supply then on a continuing basis with publishable data gleaned from our operations; © dy dswtgn to on Agsncy payhiatrist the task of reviewing ‘the attached materials with « view to writing an assessment of Ardent, a Ind of character analysis vhioh might, in fact, have been written by a doctor who has stuiied arbent in a series of Personal interviews; such a document might then be surfaced in such a place as Mexico, for example, as having been acquired fron & Czech defectors Ae. continue to mabn press plants of selected materials 4a various comtries of the Hemisphere, 4. Upon Arbens! arrival in Montevideo the Division will again suggest to ARA, Department of State, that it may now be time for Castillo Armas to lodge complaints with the OAS and the UN. ~~ 5. A search in the Graphics Registry has umcovered about a doxen horror photographs of the Arbenz regine which will be re- | Produced in large size and glossy print. It is planned to pouch uo copies of each photo tol “DJand then the photos will, in turn, be mailed to important newspapers in each Latin American country by the L ° Attachment: ‘As stated above ET i ConTmuED ci 3 gape 1950: A note from Maria de ARLENZ to Victory Mamel (probably CUTIFRREZ) in which she requests a eet of the statutes of the party the letter hes just formed, and asks for the return of pamphlet on the rights of man which she had loaned him. (PBHISTORY, C due. COMMENT: This letter can be used to strengthen the case against Maria de ARBENZ, whose pro-Communist sympathies are popularly believed to have strongly influenced her Iusband. It should be distributed in photostat form. 21951 = 19Ske ARBENZ and Jose Mamel FORTUNY are olose personal friends. ‘wid assigned by the Commnist Perty as ite liaison repret ‘thve end advisor to ARBEIZs ARR onstantly conm SE ollective leadership tem. / influ F-airections. That is, Uomainist-Party policy vas Anfluenced by AREENZ, and ARDERZ' actions were influenced by the Party. The Party was able to doainate the other political parties within the eoalttion supporting ARBENZ through FORTUMY and ARBEMZ. FORTUHY Jeslously guarded his relationship with AREENZ, and atteupted to keep his (ARHEWZ') contacts with other Party leaders at a minimum. FORTUNY often gave ARBERZ edvige before informing the Party. FORTUNY, with ‘the aid of the Quban Communists, nade the initial arrengenents for the purchase of arms from Ceeshoslovakia during tis trip to the Soviet Bloe ending in Jemary 195. Alfonso MARTINEZ Esteves paid for the ‘arma, valued at $12,000,000; but the cost to Quatenala was about $3,000,000, The price reduction was Soviet Bloo aid to duatenalas Clandestine contests with the international Communist complex in Mexico ware relatively heavy during the period Jamary to dune 195k. These contaste are a clesely guaried secret and few details are avatlshle, AREENZ oonaiders it an error not to have obtained outright Coummnist air support during the revolution of June 195i, rather than depending upon the Guatenelen army, FORTUNE arranged a nesting in Quatemale Detveen ARBENZ and a Soviet commeroial attache. Source believes that FORTURY's known panic end peasinicm may heve effected ARBENZ and led to his resignation, Sgureg! INLOOK Bg COMMENT: Much of this 4s widely known and non~sensitive. It oan be Paseed to Liaison Services er publishedy NOFORN CONTINUED C5! SQ 2h February 195k: Copy of a note fron Col. Hubert F. JULIAN, alias 7 seating "Thanks for the doublecross, but I have powerful friends in Guatemala, We'll see who 4s the boss. I pay you oash but the Government sent the $111,000 to their Minister. You want war - you shall get sane inerates, /s/ il. JULIAN." COMMENT: This is document A-75, Volume 1, Blue Material, PEHISTORY, ARBENZ personal papers. This document can be published in photographic fom indicating the fact that JULIAN, who made ams purchases for Guate~ mala in Europe was paying a kick~back to ARBENZ. It is not considered sensitive. 2h February 195: Hubert Fauntlerey JULIAN, checked into o hotel in | Sate February 195). (Alfonso MARTINEZ returned from | Switzerland on 21 February 1954). JULIAN gave © New York address and i registered in the hotel os being in Quatensle-on business. He aid he 1 had been active in Guatemala for four years. COMGNT: This confims the identity of the writer of the ebove note, HISSY reported on several occasions that JULIAN hed made some arms purchases for the Quatenalen Goverment during his (H/SSY'a) temre of | office £ SJand that he (HUSST) hed helped im clear the enipmente, most of wnicn wore jurehased in Suitserland, & 1 March 1954s In his State of the Nation message to Congress ARHENZ jected the idea of prosecution of the Gomunists and strongly endoreed then ae denccratic and loyal supporters of his edainistration, CommNT: Overt. Useful as background. HE May 9s Arrival of the Alfheln ehipment of arms purchased from the COMMENT: Overt. Useful ss background. See Top Seoret Attachnent Hos 1 for further data on Alfheln shipnent. 18-19 195ks Parts of the Alfhelm shipment arrived in Guatensia City Bee ee ieresce on 18~19 May. ARBENZ stated that he planned to bring in European technicians and/or pilots and to release the US Military ‘action, oe ite menbers knew nothing sbout the ams which were arriving. (C3 PD 062 - NOFORN ConTiNuE gos IUED conrzey COMMENT: Tis 4s no longer sensitive, and can readily be coupled with recent propaganda which ties in Soviet Hloc aid with espionage and political action teams operating under the cover of technicians, 5 dune 195k: Memorandum to AREENZ from the Chief of Staff of the Army Sang fortn reasons wiy the Goverment should rid itself of Comuniste. Klso/2S a draft of ARBENZ' planned reply to the Army defending Communist participation in the Goverment, COMMENT: ‘This ie document A~72, Blue Material, PBHISTORY, ARBENZ personal papers. This 4s no longer senaitive and will lend itasif to publication and reproduction, This 1s alee one of the documenta reproduced in attachment 2, a booklet containing « mmber of sinflar documents. Consideration should be given to for preparation of a sintlar booklet (either by the UB or for distribution to liaison aervices and eventual prea release. 1-8 dune ioe ‘The Quatenalan Council of Watsonal Defense (elected Yepie ives of Army officers, plus certain others such as the Minister of Defense and Chief of Staff) called on ANBENZ within the lest few days ostensibly to thank hin for the new arms, but actually to suggest that he get rid of the Commmnists and to tell him thet the Aray is anti-Communist, The Aray in effect esked for a change in the nent's orientation, (C5 PD 283, CoRENE: ‘This clarifies the reasoning behind the Army ARBENZ on this subject dated 5 June 195i. The informat! sensitive, md may be coupled with the Ary memorandum. rendu to is no longer B 8 2 dune 195s ARID net with leading cfvilian Goverment offistale for on 11 June concerning the Army's desire to persuade ARBENZ to get rid of the Commniste, ANEEYZ said that his policies are un~ changeable with or without the Gommntste. (PD 332 COCONTs This 48 no longer sensitive, and oan be used with the other materiel on the Army request to ARBENL. 212 June 1951 ARBENZ' daughter departed from Guatemala to Kexioo. COMMENT: Overt. Can be used as background ~ "rats deserting the sinking ship" thene. RL NOFORN CONTINUED CONTRO 13 June 1954: ‘The Army gave ARBENZ until 15 June to get rid of the (PD 333. COMMENT: This is not confirmed, but can be used. It is not sensitive, 16 June 195k: The Guatemalan Army was reported in Mexico on 15 June to Have called on ARBENZ to make a firm decision on Governuental policy ‘towards Communism. ARBENZ asked until the week of 13-20 June to give his reply. New York Times, 16 June 195h COMMENT: This can be coppled with the sbove item, 25 June 1954: ARBENZ' mother departed from Quatensla to Mexico. COMMENT: Overt. “Rete deserting the sinking ehip" theme. 16 June 195k: A resting of the Cabinet in the morning of 16 June was ‘also attended by Gustenslan Communists Victor Namel GUTIERREZ, Alfredo GUERRA Borges, and Bernardo ALVARADO Mongon, At this meeting ARBENZ said that the pressure on the Goverment being exerted by the revolutionary forces of Carlos CASTILLO Armes was not great. (PD 02 COMMENT: This 4s no longer sensitive, and can be tied in with other materia) to contrast ARBENZ' apparent optinian with his resignation and depression a few days later, The attendance of Communists at a cabinet meeting during @ serious crisis is aleo worth dissemination, | 22-2) June 19541 ARHENZ and other Governuent leaders have made arrange- poppe 4m the Mexican Enbassy in Guatemala City if necessary. PD COMET: Not sensitive. Useful for “rats deserting eto." line, 2h June 1954s Photostatie copy of on order from Rogelio CRUZ Wer, Quartia Civil during AREEN2 regine, directing the mediate asrest of all anti-Communist mayors and city counsilnen regardless of present party affiliation but who have anti-Communist political ante- cedents, They ore to be held in prison and at the firat attack by the oprosition thay are to be shot immediately. (PHHISTORY,C — \1362) TINUED CONTROL — SOiNTIED CONTR COMMENT: This 1s one of a set of dooments passed to the local prees in September 195i, and presented to the Hillings Sub-Committee in Washington later thet month, This clearly desonstrates the ruthless Communist activities of the police under AREKNZ. Photostats should be disseminated. 27 June 19Sk1 ARBKIZ resigned the Presidency in favor of Col. Carlos Enrique DIAZ, giving e violently anti-US speech. COMENT: Overt. Useful as background. 28 June 195i: ARKENZ, wife and two children took refuge in the Mexican ae This was followed by mmerous rumors of ARBKUZ being 11, and usny reports of his moodiness and drunvenese within the Babasey. COMENT: Overt. This can be useful to accuse hin of cowantice ~ lacking ‘the courage to make a desperate stand against what he declares are the enenies of the country. The false rumors of his illness have been ‘attributed to ARRENZ' friends who ellegedly spread then for the sake of creating pity for him and assuring the early granting of a safecontuct for hin by the CASTILLO Armes Goverment. This oan be used too, toshow his lack of manliness, Moodiness and drunkeness oan also be used to tear down his characters dune 195s ARBENZ salvaged come funds fron Guatemala ond made part of ‘This monay available to the POT, The amount da unknown, Soures: INLUOK B-2 COMMENT: This oan be tied in with overtly published material accusing ARBENZ of mleappropriating over |; xillion dollars. A95us secording to diplomatic sources, ARBENZ attempted to commit Mexican Embassy in Guatemsla City on 10 duly, (FBIS report 12 July 195k) COMMENT: ‘This 4s useful as a peg on which to bang some of the INLICK material concerning ARBENZ' personal life. 20. = 1 ARBENZ, his family, and Jose Meme] FORTUNY depart few York Tines, 11 September 1951) CON-ENT: Overt, His comon travel with FORTUNE oan be used to further strengthen the story of the intimate relationship between the twos Nt NoFoRN — 6 30 September 1954: Lazaro CARDENAS and his wife dined on 10 September 19S) atthe howe of Renator Lule 1 RODRIGUEZ, where ARWENZ and bis wife were temporarily residing. On the following day ARDENZ left with CARDENAS to spend a few days at CARDENAS' country estate near Patscuaro, Michoacan, (Useable - LIBELER,C 3-833) Confirmed by FBIS report 13 September 195). Unclassified: 13 Seucenber 195i: Others at CARDINGS! hone are Guillemo TORIELLO, Rogelio CRUZ Wer and Jaime ROSENBERG. (La Prensa, New York, 13 September 195 ~ Useable) COMMENT: Not sensitive. The link with RODRIGUEZ, who is active in many Pro-Conminist fields, is useful. ARBENZ stayed at RODRIGUEZ’ home vhen he first arrived in Mexico. The relationship with Lasaro CARDENAS oan also be used, but not too effectively since CARDENAS enjoys a certain amount of respect in left of center (but non-Commnist) circles. The link vith CRUZ Wer and ROSENBERG is, of course, extrenely useful. ieee sue Jacobo ARBENZ, ex-President of Guatemala, and his wife G0 to Suitserland es soon us possible once they have obtained their safe conduct permite to leave Guatemala. ARBENZ' parents were born in Switzerland. Mra. ARBERZ has been etudyiny, German in the Mexican Enbassy in Guatensla. AREENZ has been very depressed, This fact 42 confirmed by the very few who have seen him (his assistants, Guillermo TORIELLO and dugusto CHARNAUD MacDonald). Few of the People who sought asylum inthe Mextoan Embassy have been permitted to Vieit ARHENZ, but he has not been ill as stated by the press. Since ARBENZ bas been in the Mexican Eabassy he has never received Jose Mame) FORTUNY, ex-Secretary Oeneral of Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo (PGT). GLICHERRE -C 7y619) COOENT: This 4s now mostly overt. Gare should be taken not to use the portion indicating estrangement from FORTUNY since their rélationship is most useful in our PP case agoinst ARBENZ, SOotober 195k: ARBENZ' extradition was requested by the Quatenalan . 4s believed to be in Mexico City after a Brief rest in Acapuloo. He 48 now living with his fantly in « midtown apartment in Mexioo City. (New York Times, 5 Gotober 195k) COMMENT: Useful as background, 2k Ostober 1954: Alfonso SOLORXANO Fernandes, former manager of Instituto at Seguridad Social (1088), atated that he recently hed en interview with Jacobo ARBENZ Qumen, former President of Guatemala, in NOFoRw — coTwueD coNTROL on which they exchanged views on various aspects of Ouatenelan politics. SOLORZANO indicated to ARBLNZ that a statement from hin to the Mexican press would be very desireble. ARHENZ replied that he did not think 4t was an opportune moment beceuse of the promise Mexico had requested fron him to abstain fron any political action which might cause a strain in Felations between Mexico and Quetenala, ARBENZ also told SOLORZANO that any statenente fron hin to tho press st this time would increase the cempaign against Guatemalan exiles and would give the participants in this campaign new reason for requesting the extradition of these exiles. AREENZ seid that in the future he would be willing to make statements to the prese but not at the present time, SOLORZANO and ARBENZ discussed at length the subject of organising in Mexico a Democratic Front of all the political parties which had supported the ARBENZ Goveranent, ineluding the Commi~ nists. ARKENZ anthorived SOLORZANO to start work on this project, but Ansisted that they act with the greatest of discretion so es not to Jeopardise ARBENZ' delicete position in Hexic. Aecorting to S0LORZAHO, be did not discuss vith ARBENZ the disposition of funds renoved fron Guatemala at the tine the ARBENZ Goverment vas overthrow, SOLORZARO said that he did not believe that his first interview with ARRERZ was the opportune tine to bring up such @ delicate question, which could lead to a rupture of politioal relations with ARBENZ. (LICHENAY 7J8$7) COMMENT: This can be used by leaving out SCLORZANO'e none without ‘endangering the source, AREENZ reluctance to engage in political sobivity oan be related to cowardice or Commmist direction. The statenent about the funds indicates thet the other exiles were eager to lay hands on the funds allegedly taken out of Guatemala hy ARHENZ. These funds were the subject Of widespread speculation suong the exiles == ond have thus far not been fortheoming. Good use can be made of ARHENZ' non- assistance to the other exiles while he lived well in Euroye. 22-19 Ostober 195ks On 12 October 1954 the Guatemalen prees announced the Fepl ‘er EENDYELD? as President of the Bank of Guatenala. During the following days the press reported thet BENDFELIT and his predecessor were responsible for the missppropristioa of 2,89), 615.00 fron the bank fn Mervh 195). According to the Attorney General, on 18 March 195L, at the order of the Ministry of Finance, the Bank of Quatenala transferzed to the Union de Banques Suisse, at the disposal of Constantine BERNASUONE Lopes, then Director General of Highways, the sun of $h,89h,615.00. The funda placed in the Swi Bank vere aluost immediately transferred to a bank in Csechoslovakia, and that although no official information is available, it is known that the funds vere transferred elnost immediately fron the Czech bank to banks elsewhere in ‘OFORN CONTINUED Europe and the US to the credit of ARBENZ, various of his ministers, Rogelio CRUZ Wer, and other party leaders. Guat Imb, Desp No. 326, 19 October 195k. COMMENT: This anount is epproxinstely the totel price of the Alfheln shipment, and probably was the money used to pay for it. However, there 4a no need in our propaganda to mention that fact. The lack of a satis- factory accounting for the funds can be twisted to our use as proof of AREENZ' peculation. 27 Oeteber 195ht The weekly Mextoan magazine Si¢ carried an intervisw ‘With TREENZ in ite 27 October 195) issue in jZ apoused the Guatenalan Amy of betraying hin. OCMENT: This and oiniler antieAmy thenes should be stressed in internal propaganda in Guatemala. Much can be msde of the POT-ARHENZ wish to am ‘the peasants to fight the CASTILLO Arass forces, and the Army's refusal to permit this. 29 October 195ht Raul SIERRA Franco placed the blane for the ateappro~ pristion of finds for the Alfhelm purehase on Carlos DIAZ, Jose Angel SANCHEZ, Carlos ALANA Sandoval, Constantino BERNASCONI, and Alfonso WETINRZ. He implied that ARBENZ ves one of the responsible parties. He stated that DIAZ, SANCHEZ, and MARTINEZ probably got shout ten per ceat comission on the arms purchase, (press) COMMENT: SIERRA was under fire as possibly being ene of those who profited frou the arms deal, and in effect, turned state's evidence. ‘This ean be used most effectively in eonnsction with the "corruption" theme, Novenber 195k: The exile group in Mexico 1s not happy with ARBEWZ' B {trerland because he has not divided the money taken fron the Quatenalan Treasury prior to his resignation. The money had been deposited in Swiss banks. ARHENZ was alleged to have up to $500,000 in eash for « trip to Suituerlend, CommaT: This 4s from an FBI report, This information ia widely known and wes reported by a mmber of sources. It can be used to show how ARBENZ deserted his follovers, leaving then pemntlesss, ST nero CONTINUED cowrRoL 17 December 195) ARLENZ departed to Paris from Mexico with his fantly, COMMENT: Overt. Two angles can be used. First, thet the Hexican Coverment threw him out. Secondly, that the trip to Europe was for the ultimate purpose of travelling behind the Iron Curtain for consultation and training. 29 December 1951: ARFENZ and his family arrived in the Netherlands on ‘Ty Decenber 195h and contimed on to Marie the same day. ONH 2575 COMMENT: This can be considered overt. Useful as background. 2h December 195: ARBENZ and fandly left Paris by automobile on Dy December 195i. (Gazette de Lausanne, 30 December 195k) COMMENT: Baokground use only. 3 damary 1955s ARHENZ arrived in Lausanne accompanied by his fanily. COMMENT: Overt. Useful as background, 5 emery 1985 3 apeah 1955: Numerous classified and overt reports é period concerning ARBERZ' acceptance or non-acceptance of Swiss oitirenship. COMMENT! ARBINZ is entitled to Swise citisenship upon request eince Swiss citizenship laws are based on ut However, since he + did not assume Swiss citisenship, there Is now ‘to be gained by beleboring this thene, 5 April 1955+ ARBENZ returned to Prance. [° 5) COMMENT: This 4s now overt, useful as background, P41 19551 The French Qovernment authorised ARBENZ to stay in France for a year obtaining a written prouise to abstain from all forms of active polities; to have no political contacts; to make no press statements. PARIS EMB DESP 821, 19 April 1955. COMMENT: ‘This no longer appears to be sensitive. If clearance for thie item can be obteined, it would be useful in denonstrating the distrust TRO of @ reputedly liberal nation placing stringent conditions on ARBENZ* residence there. 23 June 1955: Guatemalan exiles in Mexico expect ARBENZ to return from immediate future. Many members of the Partido de Acoion Revolucionaria Unificado (PARU) dread hie return because they fear it may create a grester division between the Gustemalen exile groups. ‘They fear, particularly, his fevoritian toward the Communists and dose M. FORTUNY, former Seoretary-General of the Communist Party in Gaatemala. (LIOHERRY -{ 11136) COMMENT: Not sensitive, This oan be used in connection with recent reporte from various sources (I5SYs INLUCK) that the question of ARBENZ' return has caused come friction within the Union Patriotica Guatenalteca (UPG) 4n Mexteo. The UPG is composed of representatives of all Guate~ malen exile groups in Mexico. The Coumniste have strongly supported ARSENZ' return and participation in the UPd, while the non-~Commniste have been reluctant to have ARBENZ return unless Juan dose AaREVALO can be brought to Hexico to counterbalence ARBENZ. 20_suny 1995+ Guatemalan exiles in Mexico are expecting AREENZ! return. tesbers dread his return becsuse Jt may cause greeter dissension among the Ouatenalan exile groups. These fesre are cansed by ARHENZ' Pest favorition to the Communists and Jose Mamel FORTUNY, in perticular. ComasT: This is fairly overt in exile circles and can be used tellingly ‘to mark ARIENZ as a Communist as contrasted with the non-Commntst exiles. This divisive thene may result in a widening split between the Communists and non-Commndist Guatemalan exiles, based on ARBENZ' political role. Speceber see AREENZ applied for membership in the POT in Septenber 1955 are PEUA who ie the top internstional liaison agent for the Commnist Parties in the Caribbean area in their relations with the CPSU and other Soviet Bleo parties. GUERRA Borges end FORTUNY wrote ARBENZ in late 1955 expressing Joy over his applicstion, but stating that the matter required thermgh consideration, The application is still being held in wbeyanoe, The Party reslises that AREENZ i too iuortent to be sccepted ss a renk and file menber in eccordanse with statutory practice, ond fa relustent to bring his Girently into the Party political comission. INLOCK Bee) rate OFORN GyFINUED CONTROL ‘ OFORN n COMMENT: Sensitive. This should not be mentioned at any rate since ite effoct would be counterproductive. There is a school of thought which believes that the only Communist is a card-carrying one; and refuses to believe that a sympathizer can be equally dangerous. September 1955: New York Times, 5 Septenber 1955, said that Prague Fade cunounced’the arrival of ANSENZ and his fanily on li Septenber 1955. COMMENT: Background use only. Uk October 1955: ARBENZ gave « press interview in Prague during Dotober 1955 during which he stated thet the Svise had treated him well, and that Sviss citizenship is his for the asking. State Woeka, Santiago, ls October 1935 COMENT: Wot sensitive. Useful in placing ARBENZ in Prague. The Swiss eitisenship issue should probably be ignored since it 1s spparent that although he is entitled to it, he has token no eteps to acquire it. Fe mugoat. = Bh Oetobar, 1955+ It 4s rumored among Guatemalan exiles that Tecelved @ m dollars fron the USSR for use in Kexioo and Gentral Anerica for propagenda, The reported trip of ANBERZ into the Soviet Bloc has raised the hopes of the Guatemalan Communist exiles. ARBENZ ip believed to be in touch with Communists in Mexico, Cuba, and Centrel america, (CS~6152h) COMMENT: Since this report 1s based on apparently widespread exile gossip, 4t is not considered sensitive. It om be used es a peg on which to base more sensitive material concerning AREENZ' later travels to the WBSR, possibly mentioning Lazaro PENA, whe is reported by INLJOK es the head Anternationel Communist liaison agent for the Caribbean area. 19 October 1955 Antonio VILANOVA, ARBENZ' brother-in-law, seid during a 0 that he doubts thet ARSENZ' wife will permit him to ‘return to Mexico, since she was responsible for their going to Burope in ordar to have him recover from Ms mental depressions VILANOVA said that ARBENZ hed tried to oomit cuicide a mmber of tines, that he has becose @ heavy drinker, going on periodic, prolonged boute of intoxication. (LICHEREY,- 79-1293) g OFORN GOiTINUED CONTROL CONT: CONTROL uot 12 COMMENT: Not sensitive. Tris can be used uith direct attribution to Antonio VILANOVA. Useful in portraying ARBENZ' worthless chareoter and reenforeing the cowardice thene. 6 September 195$: ARBENZ departed to Prague from Paris. { Veo COMENT: Confirmed by other sources and press. Can be considered overt. Useful in pointing out ARBFNZ! ties with the Soviet Bloc. 23 November 1955: The Diario de las Americas, Miemi, 2h, November 1955 == Berean ee aa dn the r 1955, which said that Caech refugeos state that ‘been residing in Prague for several weeks and plans tovisit Moscow and Budapest. COMMENT: Can be used es a peg on which to base stories of AREENZ! travel to the USSR and China, 25 November 1955: on 25 November 1955 ARBENZ stated to We:tern jour- s ‘thet he did not plen to return to Guatemala “unless the Goverment imposed by the Americen imperialists is replaced by a new, really denooratie goverment." FBIS COMMENT: Tits can be used as a peg on which to tie accusations that ARBENZ' only reason for returning to the Western Hemisphere is to over- ‘throw the present Guatemalan Goverment. 25 November 1955: ARBENZ was interviewed in Prague on 25 November ‘a Wew Yor! correspondent. The fanily hopes to move goon fron the Esplanede Hotel to « small hou (New York Times, 27 Novenber) COMGAT: ‘This can be a useful peg on which to mention some of INLICK's material concerning drunkenness and immorality. 29-30 November 3 The newspapers La Manane and El Dia of Montevideo verriedl ired articles stating that ARBEN’ travel to Progue cuts the grouna from under the people who defended him against charges of Conmnina. [ }~-2188) COMMENT: Thie seme theme te now being used by Ja NOFORN HUED CONTROL 3 the Uruguayan press. It contimmes to be the strongest argument against, ARBENZ, since 4t places him squarely in the Communist camp. 15 December 1955: Yaris AFP radio teletype on 15 December said that ARBENZ at presi Prague directing Communist activities in his own country, according to the British Mail. The paper's diplomatic editor said he spoke with ARBENZ by . has been living in Prague in lumry with his wife snd children but is getting ready to leave for Noscow at the beginning of 1956, The Guatenalan press picked this up adding that the visit will take place in Jamuery at the invitation of Hulganin, (QUAT ENB DEEP Wo. 383, 22 December) COMMENE: ‘This 4s another convenient peg for the story of ARHENZ' travele, December 1955 + Merch ARHENE was interviewed in Prague prior te his tp POTASH, CPUSA and Tim BUOK, CPCANADA. BUCK was on his wey to CPSU Congress. ARBENZ was reluctant to see POTASH as he disliked Americans even though they are Commies, POTASH wanted material Bee eeeE, nd for © OFUSA pamphlet concerning U- §~ monopoly exploit: and intervention in its internal affairs, POTASH and ARBEWZ agreed to meet in Moscow (where POTASH was to attend the ~ 20th Congress) for further discussion, In Merch, *OTASH complained in | # conversation to INLIOK in Pregue that he hed been unable to contact ARHEWZ in Moscow, INLUCK says if true, it probably wes due to the fact that during the Moscow trip, ARBENZ was under wraps, (INLUCK = C ypse6 (me 3 | | COMO: This 1s perticulerly sensitive informstion. If arrangenahts | could be wade fer sts release in the U. 8. , attributed to an FAT informant, {t might possibly be useful to strengthen the case against i ARSENY 88 @ sinister Soviet agent; and possibly to get POTASH in trouble | for talking teo mich, | Lge 1956: The Bratislava Slovak Hone Service redio on 1 Jamuary 1956 ‘shoumed thee “President Antonin Zapotocky today received in a private | andience former Guatemalan President Colonel Jacobo ARBENZ Guman, who i fa staying fa tae Gsechoslovak Republic, and hafafriendly discussion th hime! COMMNT: Because of its unclassified nature, this is most useful. NOFORN CONTENGED CONTROL T \ wb ganu: 19561 ARBENZ left Prague for Moscow in Jamery 1956. liis children are at a school for foreign Commnist dependents at Ivanovo, USSR. This 4s a well-kept secret. (INUUCK -( -19513) ~ COMET: ARUENZ* USSR travel was covered in an article in the London Deily Mail on Jamery 1986. This peg oan be used to plece him in the TEsR-at about the correct tine. The failure of ARBENZ ‘dmghtera to emerge fran the Soviet Bloc in late 1956 with the rest of the family makes | it possible to publicize that they are being educated in a bloc country, ueing speculation to place then in the USSR. No mention should be made of the specific school or ite location. ui 19561 While in Russia AREENZ, according to GUERRA, spoke to ZUZLOY GEIGRTONO, onter, 1. A. Section Iabernstional » CPSU, and to another individual (whose name INLUGK failed to get) but believed he ts in charge of International Questions for the Oextral Comnittes, CPSU. ARBENZ reoomended training Latin dmerioan studente in the Soviet Union. (umackC ~¥52) COMMENT: This material 1s too specific for PP nse. It will be necessary to settle for a general statement of mectings with high Soviet Goverment and Party officials. 4, Jamery 1956: The London MaS1 ran on article stating that ARBENZ eee ‘way to Moscow for MALSHKOY end other Soviet officials. ARBENZ told friends that he is determined to return to Guatemala and to stage on East-West struggle there. Yor the past week ARBENZ has been seen in the company of Rusefans.[_ S839 (BE COMMENT: This no longer appears sensitive, and oan be useful either as @ handout to friendly services or for publication, It 4s partioularly in thet it confirms the ININCK material on ARBENZ' travel and the Mail can be used as the source of at least part of the material. PB semery 1966: ARSENE ood ne tantly Left Freque for Noooow on jamary 1950. The children were placed fn school in Ivanavo. AREENZ vas to discuss his future couree of action with the Soviets,-and his departure fron Prague was © carefully guarded secret. The basic courses ‘of action open to ARMERZ are either to teke an all out Communist position, or to re-establish himself in his old role as representive of ‘the national bourgeoisie in colonial countries and to exploit this NOFORN CONTINUED Con: TROL _ cy position. Naturally the latter role would show him to be sympathetic to the USSR and Soviet Hloc. Source believes that the letter will probably be the course of action decided upon. (ININCK Be2) COMMENT: This can be used as speculation without endangering the source. Febru 19561 ARBENZ received a letter from Alfonso MARTINEZ in ruery via Paris through INLICK in Pregue, saying that steps had been taken to give financial support to Leonardo (Nayo) CASTILLO Flores for clandestine anti-CASTILLO organizational work inside Ouatemale. MARTINEZ also forwarded a letter to ARBINZ from CASTILLO, asking that ‘ARBENZ reply, CASTILLO desires to recive financial aid from ARBENZ. CASTILLO never was @ CP member but was 2 close oolleborator with the Party under ARBENZ. (INLUCK -(° 3/579 (IW 36501) COMMENT: This corroborates( —] waterial indisating that AREENZ has sent money to CASTILLO Flores ror his activities, Hoth sources ere sensitive, but generalised mention of funding from ARBENZ for subversive activities in Guatemala might be useful for PP purposes. 2 February 1956; A high goverment official in Guatemala says that Anibal MEJIA, reportedly a mexber of the Guatemalan Gr centrel Comittee, AREGHZ maintains contact with the Quatowslan extles in Mexico via diplomatic pouch to the Csech Eabassy in Mexico City. The Ceech Inbemir BLAZIX, contacts the Guetemalan exiles directly. (ESORH-1) COMMENT: This 1s not particularly sensitive and provides an excellent iten since it names names. It 4s aleo an excellent peg on which to hang more sensitive details. Care mist be teken in ite release to avoid having ESGEM-1 identify any of our FP essete. rid 1956s Maria de ARBENZ in a letter from Moscow dated 20 April 1956 ani her husband would leave for China about the May 1956, She waid that their future plans would be known in about three nonthe. at this tine consideration was being given to having ARBENZ ‘travel to India, Indonesia and Worth Afriga for the purpose of building himself up politically and serving the Sovists ty inspiring national Liberation movements. AREENZ and his wife might live outeide the Soviet orbit. ARBENZ prefers Sgypt, but his wife prefers Italy. ARBKNZ dislikes Frense. (INLUUK B-2) COMMmT: Sensitive. Not particularly exploitable except as background. CONTINUED CONTROL ORN 16 May 1956: ARBENZ left Moscow for China. (INLUCHY -19513) COMMENT: There is independent corroboration of ARBENZ' travel to China, which ean probably be used to publicize the trip. 1956 ~ November 1956+ Prior te his recent trip to Paris, ARBENZ end Hiv wife traveled secretly to the USSR and China. vhile there, ARBENZ met various menbers of the Central Committees of the CPSU and Soviet Goverment officials. While on his trip in China he was oalled back to ‘Moscow for an interview with Khrushchev and Bulgenin but it was cancelled upon the arrivel of AREENZ due to pressing duties of Khrushchev and Bulgenin. Soviet leaders stressed secrecy regarding ARBENZ' trip. ARBENZ expressed the view that the USSR was "unstoppable" and would soon be able to give help to the Gustenslans. Subject admires China even more than ‘the USSR and feels st vill gurpase the USSR in international affairs. He aleo aduires the CP China for its independence from the CPSU ant holds ‘that since the CPSU left the OP China to fight alone during ite voret ‘the commission ef many errors committed frequently by the USSR, ARBENZ seys the solution to the problems of the colonial countries is to be found in China, ARBENZ found that there was much interest regarding "the case of Quatenala" saong Party/Goverment leaders and the people, snd clained thet the Chinese lesders said the moment would come when they would help “Liberate “ RCS erat ear Metra cred The USSR recommended to the Chinese that ee eee neers Since 1955 ARBENZ has been trying to return to Mexino at the urging of the POT. After returning fron China via Mescow to Prague, ARBENZ consulted with Alfredo GUERRA Borges who was returning to Mexico. Thay decided that ARBENZ and his wife should go to France. With the aid of PeT leaders and Mexioan political leaders his wife would get en interview with Gems Lasaro CARDENAS after her return to Mexico; and through CARDBUS an interview with President Adolfo RUIZ asking for enter Mexico, In the latter part of November, Alfredo GUERRA Borges said in Nexieo that ARERNZ had to get out of Europe es soon as possible ‘because of bis poor mental and physical health. Je partes ARO an K much troubled hy the Soviet action in Hungary, Subject wes told in Panky Oye EEL aaIy FES aloe a PEON Tae con oe the wena ea rengh services, "the one which ‘Dhad ARBERZ under curveillance, (INLCKL yT9 (NC COOBNT: While sensitive, soh of this material is highly useful for PP operations in a disguised fashion, NoFar: OPN CONTINUED coNrRot \ = CONTINU ConiaOL Wy 3 19561 Genaro CARNERO Chooa, while touring China after ‘ebanting the fnternmtTonal Conference of Journalists in Helsinki, Finland met and held long discussions with ARBENZ, who was apparently aleo in China ona Chinese Covernacnt~sponsored visit. Souree was given this information at a necting at which there vere alco present Augusto CHARNAUD MacDonald end Alfonse SOLORZANC, CARMFRO left Mexieo on 9 June and returned fron Chins on 2h August 1956. (LICHERRY,{ 73.752) CGPRT: This helps f1x the time of ARBENZ' travele in China and makes possible the use of almost any material on ARBEHZ' trip there, regardless of souree, since it ie obvious that neither CHARNAUD or SOLORZANO were bound by POT security and probably mentioned the trip to other Quatexalan exiles. information concerning the situation of the Quatenalan exiles in Mexico. ARBENZ gave the inpression thet he wanted no publicity concerning the ‘trip ond that he had been instructed to return to politieal ectivities by the Communists. (LIOHERET( 7,838) COMMENT: The same coments apply as for the report above. COMMENT? Useful in exacerbating the division between the Cormuniste and non-Commnist Custenalen exiles. 28 Se; it «ARBEWE applied for a Freneh vies in + (PARIS IMB DRSP No. 1593, 3 October 1956), COMMENTs Useful in fixing the approximate tine and route of ARBENZ! return fron China and the USSR. CONTINUED COI ~TORN we 25 Cotober 1956: “ininter for Yoreign Affairs eald there woe no infomation ‘Uist WORRY desires to come to Mexico. If he applies for a viea, the matter will be reférred to Mexican Foreign Office. (‘tate Telegram 7h0 fron Mexico City, 25 October 1956) CMT: Hob useful. ihis appears to be @ routine deniel that JRENZ wanta a vise to Mexico, deatgned to avoid criticism for refusing to issue the vise. PARIS 26 Vetober 19561 returned to Sragae from brussels. Probebly boarded the Pi el! AkE.qT) COMMENT: Ho specific dete soumoianstfied data exlava concerning the 26 Gateber 6: Yoreign Office informed us this morming that AR2EN7, Soo tsa Gecu-is' varie sltae 6 Gotasery tas boon exttently quiet ant fot engoging {n political activitias. ie is currently residing at Hotel Yermnt, rue Bois de Bouloyne, Paria. ANBENZ' wife departing for Mexico sod soures considers her more dangerous then ARDEME Maself, (state ‘Telegran 2200 frou reris, 5 Kovenbar 1956) COMMENT: Veeful as background anly. h Rovenber yt ARBENZ' wife, Marie Cristina Yilencve de ARBEN? and their in coer Paris on h November 1956 via KLM for Fl Salveddr. € COMMENT: This ia L Mnformation, but not sensitive, having veon confimed by ether sources, It ean be used. 2, Bovenber 1956: siBEMz' wife arrived in El Salvador on 6 Wovenber 1956. Custemalen exile visitors. JUGATION-L Ne aw COMMENT: This is not a sensitive source. Aumerous other reports have since been received stating that Maria de ARBENZ frequently confers with Guatemalan exiles. This is useful to point out the conspiratorial acti- vities ehe ie carrying on in his behalf, November = Deomnber 1956s ARBENZ contimes his close association vith fooe. Nanuc 7 gete drunk end his conduct is poor. The difficult relationship with his wife, her infidelities, the possibility of an increase in these problems, and his being slone in Paris —~ a situation he calls e “hopeless life" -- couse hin to drink to excess, alone or in company. ARBENZ haa always been a neurotic. ilis desperation eauses him to renain looked in his room for daya oa end at the Hotel Vermont, Rue de Bois, Paris, having food sent to the room, not speaking to anyuna, with the windows closed and the lights turned off day and night. Ho spends bis time in absolute depression, violent irritation, and crying spells, Physically ARBENZ iz exhemsted and lockn eld, Hie character makes hin more impulsive and violent. He eens to be a men without strength, without the desire to lives or at least one who wants to live peacefully without fighting, ARGINZ revealed oertein reluctance to se contime an intensive political life, He gives the impression that he wants to return to Mexico only beomuse of his comittnents to the Commniets. (INLUCK,/ 32271) Comment: This report gives a good sketch of AREENE! character os well os of his activities inside the Soviet Bloc ccuntries, anf sur- veillance report of 28 Noveuber 1956 states thet AREENZ remained in his room and received no visitors fron Saturday evening 17 Hovenber to Monday afternoon 19 Noveaber 1956, This confires bis brooding. A copy of C8~3, 304,116, based onc 32271 ds attached (No. 3). Much of this material is useable because it has besn confirmed ty a mmber of sources, indicating At to be widespread Imowledge in exile efreles, Also attached (Ho. kb) 48 a sopy of £ 36030 whieh contains INLICK's story concerning ‘the ARBENZ' personal inte, Except for minor detail, 4 follows the pattern described ir{ 2271. Certain details 0:¢ 716030, such as the Tunors of Maria de ARBENZ' amorous Liaisons with FOKTVEY and Mario SILVA donna are useful. The story of her demands for a divorce and his subsequent attenpted suicide ean also probably be ured. Uk November 1956+ ARBENZ has requested that the latest Communist ‘newspapers be délivered to him by the personnel in his hotel.¢ =] 17k9 COMMENT: While this is from anf ‘Dreport, there is little reason why information like this cannot be usea, cee NOFORN Seba! CONTINUED CONTROL 20 17 December 1956: Marie de

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