.

Head Lose
:
: . .
IHVE
:
. ***
. ****
:
IHVE******
. ********
. *****
. **
--+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-
AIR DUCTs DESIGN
( General considerations) : 1 -
.
.
. 75 0.75
75 1 .
.
) (Fibrous glass
.
.

.

 %1
.
( Factors influencing duct layout) : 2 -
,
.
:
.
. ) (Aspect ratio
.
.
) (Initial cost
(Operating cost) .


.
) (Aspect ratio

.
(Classification of air duct systems): 3 -
:
(1.2 0.5 Pa) . ) (V = e 12 m/s
(5 3 Pa) . ) (V = 12 20 m/s
:
) .............. (P 900 Pa
) ........ (900 < P < 1600
) ......... (1600 < P > 3000

 (Air duct layout methods) : 4 -

:
) (Perimeter systems

.
.
) (Overhead systems

.
.
:
) (Individual ducts method

.
) (Trunk duct method

.
----------------------------------------------------------------- :
) ( Fan suction side
(Outside air duct)
(Return grilles). )(Return air duct
) (Fan supply side
) (Main supply duct
(Supply air grilles). )(Branch ducts
(Air duct design) : 5 -
:

 .
. :

.
.
.
.
:
:
(Low velocity systems) :

(Capacity balance) . ) (Equal friction loss
(High velocity systems) :
.
) (Static regain method
. .
(Equal friction method) : 6-
) (Pa/m
0.8 1.2 / .
.
10 ./
:
. ) (V
) (V ) (Pa/m
(Q).
.

 . ) (

.
) (Dampers
.

) (Pa/m
.
) (Balanced capacity method 7-

) (Total pressure drop .

.
:
. ) (V
) (V
(Q).
.
(PA).
:
Pa = (Pa/m) Le = constant
Le
.

( Work sheet).
(High velocity duct design) : 8-

30/ .
) (Sound absorber .

 (Terminal boxes)
.
.
) (Spiral ducts
(Oval) .

.
:
Pv =
.
(Static regain method) : 9 -

:
(Pvu Pvd) = Pa
:
(Downstream). Pvd
(Upstream). Pvu
. Pf
:
.
.
.
.
.
.

 8 60 1
60. 120 2
:
.
.

.
:
P = P L + PV,F + PT PV,T+ P E
:
. PL
. PV,F
. PV,T
. P T
. PE
) (ASHRAE total pressure method 10 -

.
.

(Assumed velocity method) : 11 -
.
. /
:

.

:
Q=AV
:
. Q
. V
. A

.
= A
. d

.
A = W.H
: H W
W/H=8
.
) d = (2WH)/(W+H
.
(Control dampers) .
) (Return air systems 12-

.
0.65 %80
.
:

Le / d = 50 Co
:
. d
) (Loss coefficient Co
.

.
. /
) (Connections of air ducts 13-
.
.
:

Air DUCTs
,
:
. ,
.
.
:
.
.
.
.
)) ((

 :
ASHRAE & IHVE)) . ((
: ) ]( 1.2 ~ 0.7 [pa/m 1 -
]P=1 [Pa/m
2 -
( IHVE C4.2 ).
3 -
(C4.30) .
** **-
:
) (
.

,
,
.
.
*** ***

Air Fans

.

.
.
:
Pt .
. V [m/s] :
: Np = Pt * V .

 :
: " ,
P1 = P * L :
" (1 pa/m ) . P:
[m] . L :
P2 = (*w/2) * :
[m/s]. W :
. . :
(C4.35). Re .