1


.  :
m = c a .M .V = 0,1mol.L1 122 g .mol 1 0,1L = 1,22 g

ca =

n
m
=
V M .V

(1-1 (1

(2-1
1

(3-1
8


 
)('&
)('&
)('&

c a .V
c a .V x

ca .V x f
V (ca 10 pH1 )


0

xf

x
xf

x
xf


#$
* (
#+,

10 pH1 .V

10 pH1 .V

10 pH1 .V

#+,

0
x

)('&

[C H COO ][. H O ] = (10

=

Qr ,q

KA =

[C6 H 5 COOH ]

[C H COO ][. H O ]

pH1

.V

(4-1

: C 6 H 5 COOH / C 6 H 5 COO -. K A ) (1

[C 6 H 5 COOH ]

K A = Qr ,q
pk A = log k A = log(

V . 10 pH1
=
(c a 10 pH1 ).V c a 10 pH1

V . 10 pH1
=
c a 10 pH1

0,1 (10 2,6 ) 2

V .(10 pH1 ) 2

)
=

log
2, 6
c a 10 pH1
0,1 10

= log(6,462.10 5 ) 4,2

: 4,

C 6 H 5COOH + HO C 6 H 5COO + H 2O

(1-2 (2

ca V
. a .............cb .V b ...............0............0
ca V
. a x f .....cb .V b x f .....x f .........x f

n( HO )V = cb .vb = 5.10 2 mol.L1 10.10 3 L = 5.10 4 mol

[H O ] = 10
] = [HKeO ] = 1010
pH 2

: . ;8(9> =< 

[HO

14

pH 2

: '6 HO 8(9:(   2-2

pH 2 = 3,7 : ,9  9+8 ,

= 10 pH 2 14

n r (HO ) = cb V
. b x f :
     

HO =
r

n r (HO )
VS

n(HO ) r = HO r .(va + vb) = 1010,3 30103 = 1,5.1012 mol

: 
: 9+8 , $ HO 8(9: 

:;#+,  $?8 (2-3

.@9&) ? 48 n( HO ) = cb .vb = 5.10 mol ; #$ 4C  .  (  HO
no (C 6 H 5 COOH ) = c a .v a = 0,1mol / L 20 10 3 L = 2 10 3 mol ; #$ D9,$ E*   ,)
x max = n (HO )Verse = 5.104 mol
: F' 4,
n (HO )r = cb V
. b xf
:  - > =<

4
12
4
x f = cb V
. b nr (HO ) = 5.10 1,5.10 5.10 mol
:

. ;.

xf
5.10 4
=
=
1
x max 5.10 4

:;8I
9

 =C N,9 KL(  (C( ; C M9 9:(  J. &9 .' KL(C -(> 1
.(C= : C > . &9 8(9

:  T8 U'  S9- > ?NC8 (8R ?> )( O Q8( 2
2 H 2 O O 2 + 4 H + + 4e
(l )

( aq )

(g)

:  T8 U'& 9 8(9 > = NC8 (C J. &9 .' KL(C
Sn 2+ + 2e Sn
( aq )

(s)

:;#)&+ . C 

2 H 2 O + 2 Sn

2+

( aq )

(l )

O2 + 4 H + 2 Sn
( aq )

(g)

(s)

 8&V  F' 4, q = I .t = n.e : ; t ,&  =<  $C ;&) +  X.8(3
n (e) =

I .t I .t
=
N .e
F

I .t
:(  YZ';  =<
e
Sn 2+ + 2e Sn
: T8 > =<

: ; 8&V   n =
( aq )

m( Sn) =

I .t.M ( Sn) 5 10 60 118,7

=
= 1,485 g
2F
2 9,65 10 4

(s)

I .t m( Sn)
=
2.F M ( Sn)

n (e )
= n( Sn) :,9
2

.(9( (8 9&]) ^9 _1 9'

.8&C(8142  8(C )&92 +, 9(8234 : ;.9  ( 234
92 U (8( 8 M&C (1-1 (1

: @)& 4bc (2-1

E = m.c = Zm p + ( A Z )m n m( U ) c = (92 1,00728 + 142 1,00866 234,0409 )u c 2 =

2

234
92

= 1,85858u c 2 = 1,85858 931,5MeV / c 2 c 2 1731MeV

A = 4

Z = 2

234 = 230 + A
: K

92 = 90 + Z

A
U 230
90 Th + Z x

234
92

4
U 230
90 Th + 2 He

234
92

(3-1
:

:;dV eb, f( 2
N = NOe

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

ln 2
: K
t1 / 2

N = N O e .t :( t g , , '; $( 8( 8 ( 1-2

;( 8( 8 ? 9 t g ;' (9(I( 8 F' ;)( 8 k )U. (9 (I( +i

N '= NO N = NO NOe

N ' = N O (1 e

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

= N O (1 e

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

) : : g. YZ '; kC

: t (8 
g ;' (9(I

10

ln(r + 1) =

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

r +1 = e

ln 2
.t
t1 / 2

r=

t=
t=

ln 2
t
t1 / 2

N ( Th) N ' 1 e
=
=
ln 2
.t
N( U) N
e t1 / 2
230
90
234
92

ln 2

= et

1/ 2

.t

:,9 (2-2

ln(r + 1)
t1/ 2
ln 2

ln(r + 1)
ln 1,4
t1 / 2 =
2,455 10 5 1,2 10 5 ans
ln 2
ln 2

:.

& ($ d( E9&  9C 29'

:TI f 9C (1-1(1

uc + u R = E
i=

du
dq d (c.u c )
=
=c c
dt
dt
dt

:,9 &C(' L( 8b M?*

:K u c + R.i = E
du c
=E
dt
du
Rc c + u c = E
dt

u c + Rc

. u c &C( +9 ; .L; 

A.e (

Rc

1) = E A
u c = A(1 e

A= E

Rc.

du c A
= .e : u c = A(1 e )
dt

t
t
A

Rc. .e + A(1 e ) = E
t
R .c

) : ;.9   $9 DZ) = R.c

: ( .L( *  2-1

: .L ';  E9()

Rc

1 = 0
t

du c
A R .c
A Rc
.e + A(1 e R.c ) = E : $9 .L ';  E9(
=
.e :
R.c
dt
Rc
u c = E (1 e

t
R .c

;.9  M9 );

c=

10 3 s
= 10 5 F
100

= R.c

: K

= 1ms

,9 8$ (3-1

:d(. E9&  9C (2

(1-2

11

u L + uc = 0
: ,9 &C(' L( 8b M?*
di
ri + L + u c = 0
(1)
:
dt
d 2u
du
di
dq d (cu c )
= c 2c
i=
=
=c c
: ,9
dt
dt
dt
dt
dt
d 2 u c r du c
d 2uc
du
1
+
+
u
=
0
:

Lc
+ rc c + u c = 0
: $C(1)

c
2
2
L dt
Lc
dt
dt
dt
.TI& )> &)]; C( +9 ; .L; 

: . . b]( 2-2

du
dq d (cu c )
1
1
2
i=
E t = e + m = c.u c + L.i 2
=
=c c
: K
dt
dt
dt
2
2
2
1
1
du
2
Et = e + m = c.u c + Lc 2 c
:
2
2
dt

d 2uc
(2) L.c 2 + u c = r.i
dt

: L

di
+ u c = r.i :
dt

,9 (1) b<> =<

(3-2

d 2u
u c + Lc 2 c ,9
dt

du
dq d (cu c )
(2) b<> =<
=
= c c : )
i=
dt
dt
dt
2
dEt
du
d u
= c. c u c + Lc 2 c = i.( r.i ) = r.i 2

dt
dt
dt

dEt 1
du c 1 2 du c d 2 uc
du
= c.2.u c .
+ Lc 2.
. 2 = c. c
dt
2
dt 2
dt dt
dt
d 2uc
L.c 2 + u c = r.i
dt

.
T = 4 .L.c
2

T = 2 Lc

:
L=

T = 2ms : 4$d ,9 (3) Q( > =< 2-4

T = TO : o?  9 4$d )

T2
(2.10 3 ) 2
=
= 0,01H
4. 2 .c 4 10 10 5

: 4,

: =&9&]) d(. E9&  9C (3

LC O = 1
2

L O =

L=
r=

1
c. o

:
p'9 ;'I& 1_; I& 1_> 8& , (1-3
c o
1
1
=
= 5
= 0,01H
: 4,
2
c(2 .N O )
10 4 10 500 2

U
6
=
= 12,5
I O 0,48

: d(?  C . .

. ( L, c)  d( '& ]( )> &)]; > . >8 '; * +8 , ( L, c) ( c X.8 (2-3

12

 = 68,3

tg =

L O 2 .N O .L 2 .500.10 2
=
=
= 2,51
12,5
r
r

: ,9

:K# ( *b -8

3 9'
d
20 10 2 m
=
0,209m / s
(1
t 956 10 3 s




.*:( b : f .' =: F . (P : ( . . K6oC +c(f (=<2
v =

  

f + F + P = m.aG
:,9 >C(, ;8I( 8 U$])
f F + P = ma x
: oz (J. fV)
dv
:

m + 9r.v n + 2V .g mg = 0
dt
dv 9r. n 2. g
+
v +
V. g = 0
dt
m
m
V =

g
dv 9r. n
+
v = g 2.
dt 1 .V
1
dv
27.. n g ( 2 1 )
: Q J.
+
v =
: ,9
dt 1 .4.r 2
1
g ( 1 2 )
27
B=
A=
K:
1
4 1 r 2

dv 9r. n g ( 1 2 )
+
v =
dt 1 .V
1

4
.r 3
3

dv
+ A.v n = B
dt

m = 1 .V

: K

v =
n

B 4.r 2 g ( 1 2 )
=
A
27

A.v = B :;.9  ?) b< $C DZ)

n

dv
=0
dt

)C v ,9 (3

(4
v =
n

B 4.r g ( 1 2 ) 4 (10 ) 9,81 (2.7 1,26) 10

=
=
= 0,209
A
27
27
n
n logv = log0,209

log v = log 0,209

log 0,20928 log 0,209
n=
=
=1
log v
log 0,209
2

2 2

13

u98 ;.( 8 49'

:;,]v& b &f 9C (1
. @' & c > 4. $]> C(8 )>  ( (r CV; '; ,]vV & K6o9
:,9 >C(, ;8I( 8 U$])


.48 : P

. D.?& 1_C : R
M t = C. : ; .( b

. '; * M6 :
M F = J .

:;.( 8 f( 2
:( . Z)Z =< K6o9 M6( 1-2

:M6  D9&. ff b< U$]C



M P + M R + M t = J .
:


. ( K c9 &1_C ;]= M T = 0 M P = 0
0 + 0 C. = J .
:

C
.;.( , )Z)Z& . .L  + = 0 : 4,

J . + C = 0

O =

C
J

o 2 =

C
J

(t ) = m . cos(
TO = 4 2

C=

4 2 .J
TO

J
C

2
.t + )
TO

(2-2
: ;.9  MC $-   YZ*
TO =

= 2

J
C

: ,9

4 10 1,46
= 3,31 10 4 N .m / rad
(7 60) 2

.Z)Z =< eb,9 Kf(  4$Q g,. U' ( ( (J,,( 1-3(3

(t ) = m . cos(
TO = 7 mn = 7 60 s = 420 s : ( o  DZ m = 0,8rad

(t ) = 0,8. cos(

210

.t + )

2
.t + )
TO

: ,9 (2-3

: Kf(& o?8 (2 Q> =<

2
.t + )
:  $9 DZ)
420
(t ) = 0 t = o g. , 48<*} 8 8$ :

(t ) = 0,8. cos(

(M-( J, '; | U.],9 &:) $f &?

9C
:Q& g8
14

0 = 0,8 cos

(t ) = 0,8. cos(

210

.t + ) :  '; E9() (t ) = 0 : t = o ,

= m
>0

sin > 0

2
sin < 0
TO

(t ) = 0,8. cos(
= 0,8
= 0,8

2
2
sin( .t + )
TO
TO

210

210

.t +

sin(

cos = 0

9 ?& : ,9

t = 0 g. , $f &?)

: ;.9  M9 

.t + ) : ( 9& ?& $C

TO
2

=+

sin( ) 1,2 10 2 rad / s : ; 9 ?& b t = 0 g. ,

210
2
SBIRO ABDELKRIM
Adresse lctronique : sbiabdou@yahoo.fr
Msen messager : sbiabdou@hotmail.fr

15