Tolerancias Geometricas

2013/7/19
Mechanical Engineering Drawing

Workshop
Sample Drawings
JIS Drawing Part 1

Content:
1.Sample Drawings
2.Drawing sheets
3. Views and projection methods
4. Line Conventions
5. Scales
6. Sectional drawings
7. Detail drawings
8. Dimensioning
9. Tolerancing of Linear and
Angular Dimensions
1
Sample 1
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 2
2013/7/19
Sample 3
Sample 3
Drawing sheets
Centering mark
Size A0-A4
Drawing sheets
Frame
area
Title block
10
Drawing sheets
Views and projection methods

Title block
Frame area
11
12
2013/7/19
Views
Views
13
14
15
16
Views
Orthographic projection
B
third angle projection method
A:front view(principal view)

B:top view
C:left side view
D:right side view
E:bottom view
F:rear view
E
C
Symbol of third angle projection
Views
Views
Principal view 1
17
Principal view 2
18
2013/7/19
Views
Views
Principal view 3
The other views
Principal view
19
20
Line Conventions
Kinds of lines (continuity)

Continuous line
Dashed line
Line Conventions
Long-dashed dotted line

Long-dashed double-dotted line
Kinds of lines (thickness)

kinds
thickness ratio
Thin line
Thick line
Extra thick line
21
22
Line Conventions
Line Conventions
How these lines are used
kinds of lines
thick continuous line
thin continuous line
visible line
dimension line
projection line
leader line
thin dashed line

or
thick dashed line
hidden outline
thin long-dashed dotted line

thin freehand line
center line
line of limit of partial or interrupted view and section
Thin long-dashed dotted line
Thick continuous line
Thin dashed line
Thin freehand line
Thin continuous line
23
24
2013/7/19
Line Conventions
Value of scales
Kinds of scales
Scales
endorsed scale
Enlargement scale
Full scale
50:1
20:1
5:1
2:1
10:1
1:1
Reduction scale
1:2
1:5
1:10
1:20
1:50
1:100
1:200
1:500
1:1000
1:2000
1:5000
1:10000
25
26
Dimensions are omitted
Sectional views
J-J
Cutting plane
Cut by one plane
K-K
Cutting plane
27
28
Cut by two planes
A section of a symmetrical part
Plane 1
Plane 2
L
29
30
2013/7/19

Successive sections
Detail drawings
31
32
Dimensioning
33
Dimensioning
34
Some dimensions are omitted
Dimensioning symbols
Description
Symbol Usage
diameter
Put before dimension

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

value of diameter of
sphere.
spherical radius
SR

value of radius of sphere.
square

value of square.
thickness of board

value of thickness of
board.
45 degree chamfers

value of 45chamfers.
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36
2013/7/19
Dimensioning
Description
Symbol Usage
diameter

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

sphere.
spherical radius
SR

square

value of square.
thickness of board

board.
45 degree chamfers

No arrow on the
center point.
37
38
Dimensioning
Description
Symbol Usage
diameter

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

sphere.
spherical radius
SR

square

value of square.
thickness of board

board.
45 degree chamfers

40
39
Dimensioning
Description
41
Symbol Usage
diameter

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

sphere.
spherical radius
SR

square

value of square.
thickness of board

board.
45 degree chamfers

42
2013/7/19
Dimensioning
Description
Symbol Usage
diameter

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

sphere.
spherical radius
SR

square

value of square.
thickness of board

board.
45 degree chamfers

43
44
Dimensioning
Description
Symbol Usage
diameter

value of diameter.
radius

value of radius.
spherical diameter

sphere.
spherical radius
SR

square

value of square.
thickness of board

board.
45 degree chamfers

45
46
Dimensioning
Elements for dimensioning

3
47
48
2013/7/19
Dimensioning
Dimension value
Dimension line
Termination arrow
Projection line
Leader line
Rules of dimensioning
Reference line
Origin indicator
49
50
51
52
53
54
2013/7/19
55
56
Superimposed running dimensioning
57
58
Dimension line
Projection line
Outline
Center line
59
60
10
2013/7/19
Tolerancing of Linear and Angular

Dimensions
61
62
Thank you.
63
11
2013/7/19
Screw Threads and Threaded Parts

- Part1 : General Conventions
(B0002-1)

Workshop
JIS drawing part 2
Content:
1. Drawing Screw Thread

2. ISO System of Limits and Fits
3. General Tolerances
4. Symbols of Surface Texture
1
Expression
Expression
Root
Crest
Figure 1
Crest
Root
Figure 3
Figure 2
Figure 4
Expression
Dimensioning
External thread
Figure 5
Figure 7
Figure 6
2013/7/19
Dimensioning
Internal thread
ISO System of Limits and Fits

-Part1:Bases of Tolerances, Deviations and Fits
(B0401)
Figure 8 (front view)
Figure 9 (front view)
Figure 10 (top view)
These 3 figures show the same tapped hole.


10

Hole
Tolerance class.
Tolerance class
25 G 6
+0.020
25 +0.007
Datum dimension
(25.007 25.020)
tolerance zone
Standard tolerance grade
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12
2013/7/19
Hole (Tolerance Zone )
Hole ( Size Tolerance )
tolerance zone
25 G 6
25 G 6
tolerance zone
+290 +150
G
+2
+4
+5
H
0
0
0
+95
+50
+32
+16
+6
+300 +160 +110
+65
+40
+20
+7
+80
+50
+25
+9
+100
+60
+30
+10 0
+120
+72
+36
+12 0
+145
+85
+43
+14 0
+310
+320
+340
+360
+380
+410
+460
+520
+580
+660
+170
+180
+190
+200
+220
+240
+260
+280
+310
+340
+120
+130
+140
+150
+170
+180
+200
+210
+230
+240
Tolerance
zone
Datum
Dimensionmm
JS
over
-
Datum
dimension
(1830)
0.8
1
1
1.2
1.5
1.5
2
2.5
1.2
1.5
1.5
2
2.5
2.5
3
4
2
2.5
2.5
3
4
4
5
6
to
3
6
10
18
30
50
80
120
3
6
10
18
30
50
80

4
5
6
7
8
Size tolerancem
3
4
6
10
14
4
5
8
12
18
4
6
9
15
22
5
8
11
18
27
6
9
13
21
33
7
11
16
25
39
8
13
19
30
46
10
15
22
35
54
25
30
36
43
52
62
74
87
10
11
40
48
58
70
84
100
120
140
60
75
90
110
130
160
190
220
0.013
A
B
+270 +140
+270 +140
+280 +150
Tolerance
zone
(m)
Size tolerance
Datum
dimension
(2430)
over to
3
3
6
6
10
10
14
14
18
18
24
24
30
30
40
40
50
50
65
65
80
80
100
100
120
120
140
140
160
160
180
180
200
All
C
+60
+70
+80

Value of fundamental deviation
Lower deviation
of the standard tolerance grades
CD
D
E
EF
F
FG
+34 +20 +14 +10 +6 +4
+46 +30 +20 +14 +10 +6
+56 +40 +25 +18 +13 +8
+standard tolerance/2
Datum
Dimension
(mm)
Size tolerance
(25.007 25.020)
+170 +100
+50
+15 0
13
14
Shaft
Shaft (Tolerance Zone )
Tolerance class
tolerance zone
tolerance zone
Tolerance class
25 h 6
+0
25 -0.013
Datum dimension
Datum
dimension
(2430)
(24.987 25.000)
tolerance zone
over to
3
3
6
6
10
10
14
14
18
18
24
24
30
30
40
40
50
50
65
65
80
80
100
100
120
120
140
140
160
160
180
180
200
Value of fundamental deviation

Lower deviation
standard tolerance grades
d
e
ef
f
fg
+20
+14 +10 +6 +4
+30
+20 +14 +10 +6
+40
+25 +18 +13 +8
a
b
+270 +140
+270 +140
+280 +150
All of the
c
cd
+60 +34
+70 +46
+80 +56
+290 +150
+95
+50
+32
+300 +160 +110
+65
+40
+80
+310
+320
+340
+360
+380
+410
+460
+520
+580
+660
+170
+180
+190
+200
+220
+240
+260
+280
+310
+340
15
+120
+130
+140
+150
+170
+180
+200
+210
+230
+240
(m)
g
+2
+4
+5
h
0
0
0
+16
+6
+20
+7
+50
+25
+9
+100
+60
+30
+10 0
+120
+72
+36
+12 0
+145
+85
+43
+14 0
+170 +100
+50
+15 0
js
+standard tolerance/2
Datum
Dimension
(mm)
Size tolerance
25 h 6
16

Shaft ( Size Tolerance )

Size tolerance
25 h 6
Datum
Dimensionmm
over
-
Datum
dimension
(1830)
3
6
10
18
30
50
80
0.8
1
1
1.2
1.5
1.5
2
2.5
1.2
1.5
1.5
2
2.5
2.5
3
4
2
2.5
2.5
3
4
4
5
6
to
3
6
10
18
30
50
80
120

4
5
6
7
8
Size tolerancem
3
4
6
10
14
4
5
8
12
18
4
6
9
15
22
5
8
11
18
27
6
9
13
21
33
7
11
16
25
39
8
13
19
30
46
10
15
22
35
54
25
30
36
43
52
62
74
87
10
11
40
48
58
70
84
100
120
140
60
75
90
110
130
160
190
220
25G6
25h6
(24.987 25.000)
17
18
2013/7/19
19
20
Table of General Fit System

Combinations
Table 1: Hole basis system of fits
Base hole
H6
H7
H8
H9
H10
Tolerance class of shaft

Clearance fit
g5 h5
f6 g6 h6
f6 g6 h6
e7 f7
h7
f7
h7
e8 f8
h8
d9 e9
d8 e8
h8
c9 d9 e9
h9
b9 c9 d9
Reference of Fit System

Combination
Tolerance zone
Base hole
Classification
H6
H7
H8
H9
c9
Needs sufficient gap.
(expansion, tolerance, fitting length)
Zero line
d9
d9
e8
Rotating parts, or sliding parts.
Fitting parts which are often taken apart.
Datum dimension
Table 2: Shaft basis system of fits
Base shaft
Tolerance class of hole

Clearance fit
h5
h6
E7
h7
h8
h9
D8
D9
D8
C9 D9
B10 C10 D10
E8
E9
E8
E9
f6
H6
F6 G6 H6
F7 G7 H7
F7
H7
F8
H8
F8
H8
H9
H8
H9
f7
g5
g6
h5
h6
h6
f7
f8
Need detailed action.

h7
h8
h9
Table 3
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22
General Tolerances
General Tolerances
-Part1:Tolerances for Linear and Angular
Dimensions without Individual Tolerance
Indications
(B0405)
Standard Tolerance Grade
Symbol
Meaning
Datum Dimension
from 0.5
over 3
over 6
to 3
to 6
to 30
over 30
over 120
over 400
over 1000
to 120
to 400
to 1000
to 2000
Limit deviations
f
fine
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.3
0.5
medium
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.2
coarse
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.2
very coarse
0.5
1.5
2.5
Table 4: Permissible dimensional deviation of length without chamfer.

Standard Tolerance
Grade
Symbol
Meaning
Datum Dimension
from 0.5
over 3
to 3
to 6
over 6
Limit deviations
f
fine
medium
coarse
very coarse
0.2
0.5
0.4
Table 5: Permissible dimensional deviation of length of chamfer .
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2013/7/19
General Tolerances
Indication on a Drawing
JIS B 0405- + standard tolerance grade

Standard Tolerance
Datum Dimension of Shorter Side of Target Angle

10 or under over 10
over 50
over 120
over 400
Symbol
Meaning
f
m
c
fine
medium
coarse
30
20
10
130
30
15
10
very coarse
30
20
to 50
to 120
to 400
Limit Deviations
5
Table 6: Deviation Limits of Angle.
25
26
Symbols of Surface Texture
Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)

-Indication of Surface Texture in Technical
Product Specification
(B0031)
Symbol of basic indication of surface texture
Figure 11: Basic symbol
Indication about removed process
Figure 12: Removal processing is needed. Figure 13: Removal processing is not allowed.
Figure 14: Either is OK.

27
28
Symbol of Surface Texture
Indication of Surface Texture
Symbol of indication of round surface texture

Ra: Arithmetic mean deviation
Ra =
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
f(x):roughness profile
Figure 15: Round surface
l: sampling length
y
f(x)
0
l
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2013/7/19
Ra =
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
Ra =
l: sampling length
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
l: sampling length
y
f(x)
f(x)
l
31
32
Ra =
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
Ra =
l: sampling length
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
l: sampling length
y
f(x)
f(x)
l
33
34
1
Ra = f ( x) dx
l0
Ra =
l: sampling length
1
f ( x) dx
l 0
Ra
l: sampling length
f(x)
f(x)
l
35
36
2013/7/19
m
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.016
0.020
0.025
0.032
0.040
0.050
0.063
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.160
0.20
0.25
0.32
0.40
0.50
0.63
0.80
1.00
1.25
1.60
2.0
2.5
3.2
4.0
5.0
6.3
8.0
10.0
12.5
16.0
20
25
32
40
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
320
400
Figure 16: Position
Figure 17: Leader line
Table7: Standard values of Ra.

Boldface values have priority over the others.
37
38
Simple Indication of Surface Texture
Reference of Surface Texture

Ra(m)
Function
0.05
mirror surface
Finishing
lapping
0.1
emery paper
0.2
0.4
surface for sliding O-ring
0.8
surface for O-ring flange

fine machining
electrical discharge machining
1.6
3.26.3
10
12.525
fits
normal machining
50
Table 8: Standard numbers of Ra.

Figure 18: Simple indication of a part of which most of the surfaces in the
drawing have the same surface texture.
39
40
Thank you
2013/7/19

Workshop
Tips for design
Necessary Knowledge of Actual

Drawing and Design Techniques.
Corner R
Corner R ( sample holder )
Corner R ( sample holder )
3.
2.
1.
2.
3.
Drilling
sample
sample
sample
4.
4.
2013/7/19
Wire-electrical
discharge machining
Drawing-samples of major parts
Screw thread
Screw thread
Conflat(CF) metal-seal flange

( reducer )
10
11
12
2013/7/19
Kwik-flange (KF)
( adapter )
Kwik-flange (KF)
13
O-ring seal
14
O-ring seal
15
Mask
16
Mask
17
18
2013/7/19
Metric thread and

inch thread
Standards
Type of units
Type of pitch
metric coarse thread
coarse
metric thread
Screws
metric fine pitch thread
fine
UNC thread
coarse
inch thread
UNF thread
fine
Metric thread:
Triangular screw thread. Diameter and pitch are indicated as mm.
60 degrees thread angle.
Inch thread:
Triangular screw thread. Pitch is indicated as thread/inch.
Coarse thread:
Combination of diameter and pitch is general and used most often.
19
Fine thread:
This thread type screw is used for special uses.
Metric thread
Name of thread
1st
1
1.2
1.6
2
2.5
3
4
5
6
8
-
Priority
2nd
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
3.5
4.5
7
-
Metric thread
Name of thread
Pitch
Coarse
3rd
5.5
9
1.5
1.25
Fine
1
0.8
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.45
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.5
0.35
0.25
1st
10
12
16
20
24
30
36
-
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.25
0.25
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1
1
1.25
1.25
1
1
20
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Priority
2nd
14
18
22
27
33
39
Pitch
Coarse
3rd
11
15
17
25
26
28
32
35
38
-
1.5
1.5
1.75
2
2
2.5
2.5
2.5
3
2
2
2
2
2
3.5
3
(3)
3.5
(3)
2
2
2
2
2
1.5
1.25
1.25
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.25
1.25
Fine
1
0.8
1
0.8
1
0.8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.5
0.35
0.25
0.2
1
1
1
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UNC thread
UNC thread
Name of thread
Thread/inch
Pitch
Diameter
No. 1 - 64 UNC
64
0.3969
1.854
No. 3 - 48 UNC
56
48
0.4536
0.5292
2.184
2.515
No. 4 - 40 UNC
40
0.6350
2.845
No. 5 - 40 UNC
40
0.6350
No. 6 - 32 UNC
32
No. 8 - 32 UNC
No. 10 - 24 UNC
1st priority
Name of thread
2nd priority
Thread/inch
Pitch
Diameter
UNC
3.1750
25.400
1/8
UNC
3.6286
28.575
1/4
UNC
3.6286
31.750
3.175
3/8
UNC
4.2333
0.7938
3.505
1/2
UNC
4.2333
38.100
32
0.7938
4.166
3/4
UNC
1/2
5.0800
44.450
24
24
1.0583
1.0583
4.826
5.486
- 4
1/2
UNC
1/2
5.6444
50.800
1/4 - 20 UNC
20
1.2700
6.350
5/16 - 18 UNC
18
1.4111
7.938
No. 2 - 56 UNC
No. 12 - 24 UNC
3/8 - 16 UNC
16
1.5875
9.525
7/16 - 14 UNC
14
1.8143
11.112
1/2 - 13 UNC
9/16 - 12 UNC
13
12
1.9538
2.1167
12.700
14.288
5/8 - 11 UNC
11
2.3091
15.875
1st priority
1
1/4
- 4 1/2 UNC
5.6444
57.150
1/2
UNC
6.3500
63.500
3/4
UNC
6.3500
69.850
UNC
6.3500
76.200
1/4
UNC
6.3500
82.550
1/2
UNC
6.3500
3/4
UNC
6.3500
95.250
UNC
6.3500
101.600
4
10
2.5400
19.050
7/8 - 9 UNC
2.8222
22.225
23
34.925
3/4 - 10 UNC
2nd priority
88.900
24
2013/7/19
UNF thread
UNF thread
Name of thread
Name of thread
Thread/inch
1st priority
No. 0
80 UNF
No. 2
64 UNF
No. 4
48 UNF
No. 5
44 UNF
No. 6
No. 8
No. 10 -
Pitch
Diameter
1st priority
2nd priority
1.524
UNF
No. 2
64
UNF
56
0.4536
2.515
2.845
No. 4
48
UNF
48
0.5292
2.845
3.175
No. 5
44
UNF
44
0.5773
3.175
No. 6
No. 8
72
0.3528
1.854
64
0.3969
2.184
56
0.4536
2.515
48
0.5292
44
0.5773
40 UNF
40
0.6350
3.505
36 UNF
36
0.7056
4.166
32 UNF
32
0.7938
4.826
28
0.9071
5.486
No.
No.
- 72 UNF
- 56 UNF
1/4
28 UNF
28
0.9071
6.350
5/16
24 UNF
24
1.0583
7.938
72
0.3528
1.854
64
0.3969
2.184
40
UNF
40
0.6350
3.505
36
UNF
36
0.7056
4.166
No. 10 -
32
UNF
32
0.7938
28
0.9071
5.486
1/4
28
UNF
28
0.9071
6.350
5/16
24
UNF
24
1.0583
7.938
No. 12 - 28 UNF
No. 12 - 28 UNF
Diameter
0.3175
80
1.524
No. 3 - 56 UNF
Pitch
80
0.3175
No. 1 - 72 UNF
Thread/inch
2nd priority
No. 0
80
4.826
25
26
Internal thread
Flanges for vacuum
27
28
Standard of conflat(CF)
metal-seal flange
Conflat metal-seal flange is patented by Varian.

This flange is used for UHV 10-6Pa~).
Usually, they are called ICF + diameter of flange, for example ICF70.
(mm)
Diameter Thickness
D
T
34
7.5
70
12.7
114
17.5
152
20
203
22
253
25
305
28
29
Quantity
6
6
8
16
20
24
32
Bolt hole
h
4.5
6.7
8.4
8.4
8.4
8.4
8.4
C
27
58.7
92.2
130.3
181.1
231.9
284
Pipe to weld
O.D d1
I.D. d2
19.1
16.7
41
38
63.5
60.2
101.6
95.6
153
147
203
197
250
244
30
2013/7/19
JIS flange ( VF/VG )
Standard of JIS flange
Features
O-ring sealing
There are VG type and VF type flanges.
VG has gasket groove. VF has no gasket groove.
Used from low vacuum to high vacuum.
They are called VF70, VG200, etc.
Name
Diameter
D
10
20
25
40
50
65
80
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
70
80
90
105
120
145
160
185
210
235
300
350
400
450
520
Thickness
T
Other
8
8
8
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
16
16
16
20
20
Casting
10
10
10
12
12
12
14
14
14
14
18
18
18
-
Quantity
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
12
12
12
12
Bolt holes
Diameter
h
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
15
15
15
15
19
P.C.D.
C
50
60
70
85
100
120
135
160
185
210
270
320
370
420
480
I.D.
G1
24
34
40
55
73
85
100
120
150
175
225
275
325
380
430
Groove
O.D.
G2
34
44
50
65
80
95
110
130
160
185
241
291
341
396
446
Depth
S
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
Pipe O.D.
d
17.3
27.2
34.0
48.6
60.5
76.3
89.1
114.3
139.8
165.2
216.3
267.4
318.5
355.6
406.4
31
32
Block for item list

Block for item list
e.g.
Reference number, part name, material, quantity, note etc.
Tips for actual drawing
Title block
e.g.
Drawing number, title, company or group name, clients name, date,
scale, projection method, general tolerance etc.
Block for item list
Title block
33
34
Assembly drawing
Part drawing and assembly drawing
Reference numbers
1. Part drawings only
Welding symbol
2. Assembly drawings require Part drawings

Block for item list
Title block
Dimensions needed for assembly

35
36
2013/7/19
Part drawing
Practice
Fit with the flange
37
38
39
40
41
42
2013/7/19
45.8drill
43
44
45
46
47
48
10 5
2013/7/19
49
50
51
52
Thank you
Reference List:
wikipedia.org (English page)
Kenkyusha Online Dictionary
www.alc.co.jp
Paul Green. The Mechanical Engineering Drawing Desk Reference.
www.jisc.go.jp

Tolerancias Geometricas

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Tolerancias Geometricas

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2013/7/19

Mechanical Engineering Drawing

JIS Drawing Part 1

Views and projection methods

third angle projection method

A:front view(principal view)

Symbol of third angle projection

The other views

Kinds of lines (continuity)

Long-dashed dotted line

Kinds of lines (thickness)

Extra thick line

How these lines are used

thin continuous line

thin dashed line

thin long-dashed dotted line

Thin long-dashed dotted line

Thick continuous line

Thin dashed line

Thin freehand line

Thin continuous line

Dimensions are omitted

Cut by one plane

Dimensions are omitted

Dimensions are omitted

Cut by two planes

A section of a symmetrical part

Dimensions are omitted

Some dimensions are omitted

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Dimensions are omitted

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Dimensions are omitted

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Dimensions are omitted

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension

Put before dimension