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Η Εφαρµογή του Θερµοδυναµικά Συνδυασµένου Συστήµατος Joule-Brayton / Rankine ως Προωστήριο Σύστηµα σε Σύγχρονα Πλοία
Η Εφαρµογή του Θερµοδυναµικά Συνδυασµένου Συστήµατος Joule-Brayton / Rankine ως Προωστήριο Σύστηµα σε Σύγχρονα Πλοία
Joule-Brayton / Rankine
. , . .
, , .
18539
.
Joule-Brayton / Rankine (
) ,
,
.
,
.
,
, .
,
/ ,
,
, .
- : Joule-Brayton, Rankine,
T
[1].
Diesel, 100 tons gross
96% [2].
( )
( )
1,
Lloyds 1999 2010 [3].
,
: Slow Speed Diesel (SSD), Medium Speed Diesel (MSD) High
Speed Diesel (HSD),
(Steam Turbine) (Gas Turbine).
ISSN:1791-4469
A-31
,
(Passenger) (Ro Ro Cargo). ,
Diesel .
1. (
2010) [3]
Diesel ,
(
)
(Residual Diesel Oil) (Heavy Fuel Oil),
.
, ,
,
(
) ,
(NOx).
(International Maritime
Organization) (MARPOL
73/78),
(gross tonnage) 400 1 [4].
( 1/1/2011)
Tier II
(Emission Control Areas) NOx
Tier III.
(sulfur content), 2012
3,5% m/m,
(Sulfur Emission Control Areas) 1% m/m,
2 [5]. 2020 () 2015
SECA 0,50% 0,1%m/m
.
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
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1. (NOx)
( SECA )
(Residual Diesel Oil)
.
( ) ,
(aftertreatment methods)
.
2. , [5]
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
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Joule-Brayton / Rankine,
,
.
(Tier III) ,
,
(.. , , ...)
.
( ) QHR,
( )
( ) WL,
[6], 2.
2. (
)[6]
Joule-Brayton
,
( ), .
,
. 1 [6]:
W
nCP =
= nH + nL nH nL
(9)
QB
nH nL Joule-Brayton
Rankine , nCP .
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
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nH=40%
(Rankine) nL=30%,
nCP=40%+30%-40%*30%=58%. ,
,
Joule-Brayton / Rankine
.
, ,
,
,
, 3 [7].
55
50
Efficiency (%)
45
40
35
30
Diesel
GT Simple
GT_Comp_Fixed
GT Combined (Variable)
25
50
60
70
80
90
100
3.
Diesel, (GT Simple),
(GT_Comp_Fixed)
(GT Combined Variable) [7]
( 12%),
1520%.
.
(
),
.
ISSN:1791-4469
A-35
.
, .
:
COGAG:
turbine
plant
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
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-,
,
.
, .
(
),
.
4. [9]
/ (COGAS)
(COGES)
ISSN:1791-4469
A-37
.
, /
/ / / / ( 5)
98-99% [10].
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
.
( ,
) .
[8], 91%
.
,
, COGAS COGES
6.
.
, ,
.
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
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.
,
,
,
( ).
,
,
[10].
6. Joule-Brayton/Rankine. COGAS
COGES [10]
.
Diesel.
(Rankine).
, 3
[7],
Diesel .
: CYCLON, GTX100, GT10B, LM2500 GT35
12.9 MW 43 W.
ISSN:1791-4469
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Total
Power
kW
CYCLON
GTX100
GT10B
LM2500
GT35
12900
43000
24400
22400
17000
Gas Turbine
39.7
4
51600
122.0
1
43000
80.4
2
48800
68.0
1
44800
92.3
3
51000
9K98MC
9RTA96C
48762
46332
Diesel Engine
134.25
1
48762
104.50
1
46332
t4 or nGT or beGT or
texhaust
nD
beD
C
nCC
g/kWh
570
546
538
528
378
0.340
0.370
0.347
0.365
0.320
248.0
227.9
243.0
230.9
263.5
232.8
271.0
0.482
0.506
174.9
166.8
Combined Cycle
Type of Gas
NGT or mGT or
mGT
Turbine or Diesel ND
Engine
kW
kg/s
beCC texhaust
g/kWh
Gas Turbine
0.5067 166.4 139
0.5208 161.9 139
0.5051 166.9 135
0.5123 164.6 135
0.4311 195.6 131
Diesel Engine
0.5089 165.7 131
0.5398 156.2 131
3,
,
Diesel
. Diesel, (9K98MC
9RTA96C) 4648 MW.
32%37%,
Diesel 48%50%, . 35%50% .
Diesel, [7]
Rankine ,
7.
7. Rankine Diesel
[7]
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
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3.
(370570 C
) .
, Diesel , 3
Rankine,
.
,
43%52%,
Diesel
Diesel (50%54%).
34%49%, Diesel 5,5%6,6%. ,
,
, Diesel 1,31,4
(
). ,
, Joule-Brayton /
Rankine ,
Diesel
.
,
Diesel
.
.
,
Diesel.
, ,
,
.
( Rankine)
.
,
, Diesel.
COGES
Diesel-electric,
, Millennium [12].
COGES
, 50 .
, COGES
500 KW.
COGES, 1000 tons,
1,6%.
1150 KW.
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, .
, Koehler [13]
Diesel, Ahlpvist [14]
Diesel . Diesel
,
, 1% Diesel [13].
,
.
Diesel, (COGES)
Domachowski Dzida [15] 12%
.
MDO (Marine Diesel Oil),
. Koehler [13]
,
.
[11].
modular
.
Diesel , ,
.
,
.
(reversible transmission gears)
[15].
.
(
),
Diesel.
. , Diesel
[13].
0% 3040%
,
.
0,51 h. ,
,
.
[16].
.
.
http://nausivios.snd.edu.gr/nausivios
-42
,
[16].
. Diesel
(
). ,
.
.
( Diesel)
. , 1h
.
(),
. Kehlofer [17]
,
30min
.
90s [16].
COGES Millenium 3min
(synchronous idle),
, [11].
10min
.
,
Diesel
Rankine.
,
(COGAS)
(COGES). COGAS
COGES.
COGES ,
. ,
.
,
,
Diesel. ,
.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
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