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H ni, ngy 9 thng 9 nm 2015

XY DNG T DUY GII BI TP

QUA CHUYN KMnO
Cn bng phn ng: KMnO4 + HCl KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O.
Dng bi tp KMnO4 chng ta nhc n y lin quan n 2 phn ng:
nhit phn mui: iu ch kh O2 trong phng th nghim:
KMnO4

toC

K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2.

toC

KClO3

KCl + O2.

tc dng vi axit HCl: iu ch kh Cl2 trong phng th nghim:

KClO3 + HCl

toC
toC

MnO2 + HCl

KCl + Cl2 + H2O.

KMnO4 + HCl

MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O.

K2Cr2O7 + HCl

toC
toC

KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O.

KCl + CrCl3 + Cl2 + H2O.

Phng php 1: dng bo ton electron:

Mn +7
2Cl

5e
Cl2

Mn +2 2
2e

2KMnO4

16HCl

2KCl

2MnCl2

5Cl2

8H 2O.

Phng php 2: thun bo ton nguyn t: ton b O trong KMnO4 chuyn ht v H2O.
|| nu c 1.KMnO4 th s c 4.H2O; bo ton H s c 8HCl;
li c 1.KMnO4 1.KCl v 1.MnCl2 ri nn bo ton Cl c 2,5Cl2.
Vy l: KMnO4 + 8HCl KCl + MnCl2 + 2,5Cl2 + 4H2O. (cn nhn 2 nguyn ti gin).
Cu 2. [148077]: Hn hp X gm 31,6 gam KMnO4 v 73,5 gam KClO3. Nung nng X trong bnh kn mt thi
gian thu c kh O2 v 93,9 gam hn hp rn Y gm KMnO4, K2MnO4, MnO2, KClO3 v KCl. Cho Y tc
dng hon ton vi dung dch axit clohiric 36,50% (khi lng ring l 1,18 g/ml) khi un nng. Th tch
dung dch HCl cn dng va gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 271 ml.
B. 300 ml.
C. 322 ml.
D. 383 ml.
Cu 3. [152174]: Nhit phn mui KMnO4 mt thi gian thu c 3,36 lt O2 ( ktc) v m gam hn hp cht
rn X. ha tan ht hon ton X cn va 3,4 mol dung dch HCl c un nng, sau phn ng thy thot ra
V lt kh clo ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 21,28.
B. 28,00.
C. 19,04.
D. 22,40.
Cu 4. [150015]: Dng Cho phn ng: K2SO3 + KMnO4 + KHSO4 K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O.
Tng h s nguyn ti gin sau khi cn bng ca cc cht trong phng trnh l
A. 25.
B. 29.
C. 27.
D. 31.
Cu 5. Nhit phn hon ton 22,26 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 ; KMnO4 v KCl thu c 3,36 lt kh O2 (ktc)
v hn hp Y gm KCl; K2MnO4 ; MnO2 trong KCl chim 51,203% v khi lng. Ha tan ht hn hp Y
cn dng dung dch HCl 32,85% (un nng) thu c dung dch Z. Nng phn trm ca KCl c trong dung
dch Z l
A. 17,51%.
B. 21,88%.
C. 26,26%.
D. 24,02%.
Cu 6. [181120]: Nhit phn 48,1gam hn hp cht rn X gm KMnO4, MnO2, KCl mt thi gian thu c
46,82 gam hn hp rn Y. Ha tan hon ton Y trong V lt dung dch HCl 1,6M un nng thu c dung dch Z
ch cha cc mui c cng nng mol v 11,872 lt kh Cl2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A 1,2.
B 1,4.
C 1,0.
D 1,1.
Cu 7. [155930]: Hn hp X gm cc cht rn KMnO4, KClO3 v CaOCl2 trong O chim 32,12 % khi
lng. ha tan hon m gam X cn dng va dung dch cha 2,7 mol HCl c, un nng, sau phn ng
thy thot ra 23,52 lt kh clo ( ktc). Thnh phn phn trm khi lng KMnO4 trong hn hp X l
A. 17,62%.
B. 35,24%.
C. 46,99%
D. 28,19%.
Bin son: Phm Hng Vng.

H ni, ngy 9 thng 9 nm 2015

rongden_167 - http://moon.vn/

Cu 8. [90177]: Hn hp X gm KClO3, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl c tng khi lng l 83,68 gam. Nhit
phn hon ton X thu c 17,472 lt O2 (ktc) v cht rn Y gm CaCl2 v KCl. Y tc dng va 0,36 lt
dung dch K2CO3 0,5M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 22/3 ln lng KCl trong X. Phn
trm khi lng KClO3 trong X l
A. 47,62%.
B. 58,55%.
C. 81,37%.
D. 23,51%.
Cu 9. [117095]: Nung nng hn hp gm 6,32 gam KMnO4 v 4,14 gam Ca(ClO3)2 mt thi gian thu c
8,86 gam hn hp cht rn Y. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch HCl c d un nng lng kh clo sinh ra cho
hp th vo 600 ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,5 M un nng thu c dung dch Z. C cn dung dch Z thu c
m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr gn nht vi m l
A. 17,5.
B. 15,5.
C. 16,5.
D. 18,5.
Cu 10. [124479]: Nhit phn 4,385 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 v KMnO4, thu c O2 v m gam cht rn
gm K2 MnO4, MnO2 v KCl. Ton b lng O2 tc dng ht vi cacbon nng , thu c 0,896 lt hn hp
kh Y (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 16. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca KMnO4 trong X l
A. 62,76%.
B. 74,92%.
C. 72,06%.
D. 67,46%.
Cu 11. [135530]: Nung m gam hn hp X gm KMnO4 v KClO3 thu c cht rn Y v O2 . Bit
KClO3 phn hy hon ton cn KMnO4 b phn hy mt phn. Trong Y c 1,49 gam KCl chim 19,893% theo
khi lng. Trn lng O2 trn vi khng kh theo t l th tch 1 : 4 trong mt bnh kn ta thu c hn hp
kh Z. Cho vo bnh 0,528 gam cacbon ri t chy ht cacbon, phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp
kh T gm 3 kh O2, N2, CO2 trong CO2 chim 22% th tch. Gi tr ca m
A. 8,53.
B. 8,77.
C. 8,15.
D. 8,91.
Bi 12. Hn hp rn A gm KClO3, Ca(ClO2)2, Ca(ClO3)2, KCl. Nhit phn 27,17 gam rn A, sau mt thi gian
thu c cht rn B v 2a mol kh X. Cho rn B tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,48 mol HCl, un nng thu c
3a mol kh Y v dung dch C. Dung dch C tc dng ti a vi 220ml dung dch K2CO3 0,5M thu c dung
dch D v a mol kh Z. Lng KCl trong dung dch D nhiu gp 3 ln lng KCl trong rn A, Phn trm khi
lng Ca(ClO2)2 c trong rn A l?
A. 19,32%.
B. 25,76%,
C. 12,88%.
D. 9,66%.

Bin son: Phm Hng Vng.