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    2 Huang Vafai 1994 PDF

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    yazenanes

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    of 11
    oun oF THERMOEINSICS AND HEAT TwANSr Von. No. 3, July Sept 1994 Analysis of Forced Conyection Enhancement in a Channel Using Porous Blocks . C, Huang” and K. Vatait Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 “Tis woe presents tad leiztion offered conection eohancemeet cane! wg pe ‘englaced pore bcs Te BrnknanFarhinr-sended Dare model ued o carter the owl Ich prow eins node fo account othe era es wel a theses ef Satin othe Nomenclature = dimensionies geometric parameter, Wi = Gimenstonles geometric parameter, DW* spacing between blocks, Darcy number. KI function used in expressing inertia terms Feit ofthe porous Blocks, convective hes transfer coefficient, Wink permeability ofthe porous medium, m= ermal condectvey, Wink length of the esannel as shown in Fig. 18, length of the etannel upstream ofthe blocs, m length of the channel downstream ofthe locks, amber of biseke ‘Nusselt number Peclet number, uaLie Prandd umber, fr = height of channel Reynolds number, a LIP temperature, K = s-component velocity, m/s ‘ols vector, mis wath ofthe porous block, m = horizontal ordinate, mn ena nora {thermal fast. ms em ges upapeZern om AT RTS eS ag = effective thermal diffusive, karly ms Af = Secon wih ofthe contr lame fy = yeirection width ofthe concol volume 8 = tance inthe x cretion betwcen wo adjacent (gad points fy = Gitane in they direction between two adjacent eid point. forouty ofthe porous medium Simensonless temperature. (7 ~ Ta\(T,~ To) Serial parameter. FLeIVR 69,258 x 158, and 300 x 69 eid distributions. [AS his differences small, our eompatitionsi this work were based on a 218 > 69 grid sytem. Thase computations, per foomed on a Cray ¥-MP, took about 300-500 CPU seca ‘pending upon the different governing parameters. “To validate the numerical scheme used the present study, ‘comparisons wih two relevant results were made, These com prsons were cared out forthe problem of hydrodynami- Ealy fully developed forced convection in & channel with & porous medium partially covering the external boundary, nd external forced convection over a fat plate embeded in {porous medium (Lev, H° > = and W* > =), representing the fll porous medium case "The result ofthese comparisons (Geing similar to those presented in Vata and Kim) showed that the numerieal model predicts very accurately the veloc and temperature feds in & porousaid compost system. Results and Discusion ‘As discussed caer, the present problem is governed by sidimensonlesparmsters These are th Darcy, Reyna, {we Prandil number, Inertia parameter, and a Bn this ‘econ, th effects ofthese parameters om the Nowe tem erature fel, and lest Nest amber detbuion wil be camined The aed input parameters tat wore ed forall S@ies were R= ly and ly = TS Note that for STtsating the Mow ata tepertae lde domi ony part ‘the igure: were presented However: ata mes the mach domain was ed for numerical clesltons and inter. fation ofthe resus Furthermore, nts sod the on yo the porows medi tak fo be equal tha of fei in order to concentate onthe fects of geomet and thermophyscalvnations Tt should be noted hat forthe ake ft bey the main featres and characteris of some of theres are only dacssed andthe coesponing hres enor presented. Figure 2 displays the effets of recangulat porous locks onthe Hid flow and convection fest caer Ierteme ohere te Reyolde numbers 30, Dany wunber is 5 0-% ncta parameter 8.0.39, Prandmomber 0.7, the dimensiones height and mth of he porous Bock a6 {03Sand1.0,respentely and the spacingbctucen te pores Sick Tsou be noted hatin the nergy equation he wane thermal dperon has been embedded nthe efectve ther tml condectvty term. In other words, the effective thermal ‘nductnty i he energy eaton 3 combination of age ‘ant and persion taport mechani. Hence, the efee ‘he streamlines are considerably distorted inthe channel due tothe presence ofthe porous block array (Fig. 23). The ve locity dsibution is parabolic at both the entrance and exit ‘ofthe we plates. However, this dstrbution changes raply {the fluid encounter the porous block array. especialy at the corners of block. AS sen in Fig. 2. the blocs have a more prominent effect om tn fw canis downstream ‘Compared tothe conditions steam ofthe Blacks Another intereting Ctare isthe formation of etal large vores iehind Gch porow tock soprsted by 2 saad etecuation tspumn ‘oatng vn ection opposite so that ofthe larger ice Toe beg of tose reeretation reponse Twice the height ofthe porous Blocks. A weak eddy is gen sd onthe month upper pate nrfaceconepondi to the eatached region on fhe boriom pst, The complenied owed thin the channel is heres of four itrrlted ttle: 1a penetrating ete pesining tothe porous mez Shum, 2) a blowing effect eased by porous medi pacing the id frm the porous region ito the fad region, 3) & Seton effet cause by the pressure drop behind the porous Blocks resting ima downward flowy 4) and the eft of boundary layer separation. Therefore, the caratersic ot the porows substrte plays a signa role on the flow and temperate ld 1 should be noted thatthe presence of porourcawtisin addon tote porous blocks renter arous Interesting efector convoling the fowls whe sup. menting the heat transfer, For expe, the ntertions be {ween vortex flow nig te cavity and the external lw play {NSigitean role in afectiog the temperate fel.” ‘Te temperature field the channel ployed in Fi 2 As expected the tikes ofboth upper and Tower thee ‘mai boundary layers increases long the length of heated plates Sd becomes senicanty distorted within sd around the Poroisiock region. Alo, the symmetre character of the {empertae fl execs tl fr Enough downstcam of the porous block region. The vaiaton of lca! Nuselt umber eomesponding fo the above temperature els iit Instat a Bip 24. periodic variation of Nos aumber ‘on the bottom pate observed starting fefore the fading ‘Sige of porous block array (rom x" = 8). The peak in each ‘je octurs at ans valve corresponding tothe Center ofthe itgervrex beh the porous lock, wh the minimor in ‘ich cj eccor at around the locaton were the npr tnd {hesmuller vortices behing each block meet. Te heat transfer inthe rear partofeach porous Boek higher de to feressed iaveton aides by higher vlan inthe eilton ey. ‘Whereas the heat tasers around telson, whore te leant mar vrs mes. rowc dant stagnant owed ‘within that region. Comparon of lea Nass umber dstbutions for channel with and without Dovous Blocks shows thatthe reelaton low sated by porous Blocks can auamentsgnifcany te het rarer ete “The Darcy number is deel related tothe permeability ‘of the porous madium, The effect of variations the Darcy umber is depicted in Figs. 3 and for Re = 750, A= 0.35, Priv 01,4 = 4,and B= I, for Da = 1 10-73 x 10", ‘and9 = |0-*. Comparison ofthe stieamlines in Fig. 3 shows ‘that the distortion of streamlines an the sie of reereulation “zones behind the porous blocks becomes less pronounced 2 ‘the Darey number increases. This in tur aceleratesthe core ow to satsy the mass comity and confines the devele ‘pment of recirculation zones in the transverse direction. For saller Darey numbers, the recirculation eel eccupies only the space between the porous blocks and the low pemetation {nto the porous block array is significantly reduced. In the Tint if the Darey number reduced to. value sproaching ‘Darey number reduced, the distortion of the 0 thers becomes less pronounced. This the atet esl of he scusedowfeld. The variation of lea! Nuit umber for ‘arous Dary numbers i dipayed in Fg. ee scen that the Darey numer has &igiieant srpact on the loa! Nuselt umber dititution. Her there fun interesting phenomenon faethe overal rend i the Nesselt number dation, THe ‘exits an optim Darcy number coresponing othe hires ss huanes AND vara Fig.2- Flo na pra plate channel with porous ck sists fr Re = 268, Da = LX 10 {Cde?e)teamines, sel Srinath, aa local Nat woe str haton. otha ‘alucs ofthe Nusselt umber sstrbution. Below and above this ‘ptimum vse the peak values ofthe Nusselt number drop of fists be tv nes wtf Then rete Bow Ahrough the porous bless, the blowing effect, and the ston fet cated by the porous Bock. ct a Ryn Number Tignes $ to 6 show the streamlines and Nosslt number ianbution for Da = 10 7, A= O28, Pr= 07. = rand B= te with Re = 750, 1200, and 1500, respectively Iveanbe cen vom Fig. tha increasing the Reynolds numb toa 750 0 1290 increases the diatortion lve i the ore 24 8 8 0 ew 18 2 ee ee A= 03s,pr= ‘ow streamlines. Aste Reynolds number increases. he Bet ‘vortex behind each block diminishes and ultimately vans TRrths sume te thes nf the sar vortex ahead of 22 thck grows, occupying most of the porous block: For Reyne numbers (1200). large tecrelition 1408 fortned behind the lst porous blogs. The emo fe 18S that at theve larger Reyods numbers avery sharp YE baient occurs atthe righ top corner ofthe ast poo tthich delays the reattachment of the eoze flow othe plate, A expected, the temperature elds corespani cron Reyne numbers show that at higher RENE hummer the Extent of dition for fathers nt t ye 20 22 20n 26 te Fe 3. Metso he Darcy number en streamline fr fo ks «parallel pate channel wih pres Mack obstace or Re = 750, A= 0.36, pete Os ‘ffect ofthe Reynolds number on the local Nusselt number ‘Sxibtion is depeted in Fig 6. shows that both peak and ttoggh values of Nu increase wth an ezeas nthe Reynolds ‘timber. The peak alues ofthe Nussett numbers correspond {othe reattachment regions ofthe core flow tothe exter ‘boundary behind exch porous block, whic increases the heat ‘tamer by convection. Tr should be aoted that a high rate of inreae inthe Overall ate f heat tansfer fron the channel io the flow can be attained By wig the porous Books Inet Ets “The eet of am increase or decrease inthe inetal param certs shown inFige,7 and for Re = 1500, Da= 110", Pra 0g. A=4,and B= 1, for A = 035,21, and 3, The Aowtelds dspayed in Fig. 7 reveal that the tev pe rameter increases, the vortex behiad each block gradually {roms insce the interlock spacing, Tis du wo the larger cit frictional sestance that the flow encounters at larger ‘ales ofthe inet parameter. Ths i turn causes a larger blowing elect though porous blocks, which displaces the {ud deeper igo the core low, and eeats a larger recircue Teton nthe right top comer of poous blocks after encoun. fering the primary flowed. As expeted, the distortion in the others becomes pronounced asthe inertial parameter Increases du tothe increne i these of the vores behind the porous blocks. Again, this f the direct result of larger ‘lowing eect fora larger merial parameter. Figure 8 sows the varation of Nu, with inertia parameter. [0 general a the inertial parameter incresses, the peak value of Nii ‘eases, Tis due to the larger td mixing caused by a itrge recrculation zoe for larger values of the inertial p= Prandtl Nome Es In order to determine the elect ofthe Prandl number on the flow and temperature fel, three different Prandtl num bets were compared such that they will cover a wide range ‘of thermohyatal properties. These comparisons, shown figs; were permed ore "750, Da = 10 7A 0554 dv and = 1, for three ferent fads with Pr (07 (at), Pr = (water) and Pr = 100 (typical value for ti, respectvely. Since Re. Da, and A ae xed the variation ft Prandtl qumbcr has no effect onthe owed and thee: fore, the lowed the same forall Prandtl urmbers. This flowed Is shown in Fig. 2a. Ar expected, increasing the Prandi number dccrease he hikneat of the thermal bound fry layer As seem in Fp 9 the local Nusselt umber and is {tutions ierease with a inerease inthe Prana number * MUANO AND-VAPAL_ENIANCEMENTIN A CHASNEL Se 8 10 12 14 16:18 20 22 2h. 28 st ope sents ttn pt cn at re eee o are epreentedon Fig 10. Ascan be seen in Fig, 10, when SSAC ras inreaed fom 4 to 8, the distortions for © reaines and otverms become in a8 ‘Sim the size oftecrelation and interaction weed 2 cn. ros ets reduce. This det the relative de See Pie eight of he porous Blocks, whieh in tur fey fom sages oon 0 ef fre a fie ettect of pitch on flow and temperature feds was ttt ase where Re = 730, Da = 1 10-78 i and A= for B= 3,2,0nd 1, For aes ‘Tas athe pic parameter, the recrulaton zones caused ‘GING porow lore are relatively independent of each othe. Oe thcsame time, sever es are generated on the UDOT At fate due to the core ow attaching ¢ the Boom ie betncen the blocks. With decreasing itch upto B ie alton zones bchind the ist and second porous locks FES Compartaon ofthe trmperatre eds shows tat == Tan omer om B= 30 B = 2 te aterm me tte cei Hever, mB frie decreases 101, the “Tatocion of the other less pronounce. re 6 etic ot he Reyne nmr onal Nowe wn Ferns prael pate channel wih pious ces at on ee qe 8 brn Oy hally= MOA = 4 [Not tha utiizinga combination of Ke ana Pr atone (Fe eA inufcien for depicting the temperature ld oF

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