B XY DNG

CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp - T do - Hnh phc

S: 09/2008/ Q-BXD

H Ni, ngy

06

thng 6 nm 2008

QUYT NH
V vic ban hnh Quy chun xy dng Vit nam
Nh v cng trnh cng cng- An ton sinh mng v sc kho
B TRNG B XY DNG
Cn c Ngh nh s 17/2008/ N-CP ngy 04/ 02/ 2008 ca Chnh ph
quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B Xy dng;
Theo ngh ca V trng V Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng,
Vin trng Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh xy dng ti Cng vn s 322/ VKHVNCCB ngy 02 /03 /2008.
QUYT NH
iu 1. Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh ny Quy chun xy dng Vit nam
QCXDVN 05 : 2008/BXD Nh v cng trnh cng cng- An ton sinh mng v
sc kho
iu 2. Quyt nh ny c hiu lc sau 15 ngy, k t ngy ng Cng bo.
iu 3. Chnh Vn phng B, V trng V Khoa hc Cng ngh & Mi
trng v Th trng cc n v c lin quan chu trch nhim thi hnh Quyt
nh ny ./.
Ni nhn:
- Nh iu 3
- VP Chnh Ph
- Cng bo
- UBND cc tnh, Thnh ph
- V Php ch
- Lu VP, V KHCN & MT

KT. B TRNG
Th trng
k
Nguyn Vn Lin

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QCXDVN 05 : 2008/BXD

QUY CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM

NH V CNG TRNH CNG CNG AN TON SINH
MNG V SC KHO
Vietnam Building Code
Dwellings and Public Buildings - Occupational Health and Safety

H NI 2008

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Li ni u

QCVN 05 : 2008/BXD do Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng bin

son, V Khoa hc Cng ngh trnh duyt v c ban hnh theo
Quyt nh s: 09/2008/Q-BXD ngy 06 thng 6 nm 2008 ca
B trng B Xy dng.

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 1 QUY NH CHUNG

1.1

Phm vi p dng

Quy chun ny quy nh cc yu cu k thut (ti thiu hoc ti a) phi t c

i vi nh v cng trnh cng cng nhm m bo an ton sinh mng v sc
kho cho ngi s dng.
An ton sinh mng v sc khe quy nh trong Quy chun ny gm: phng chng
nc, hi m v cc cht c hi; bo v khi ng, x v va p; an ton s dng
knh; chiu sng; thng gi; chng n.
An ton sinh mng v sc khe lin quan ti kh nng chu lc ca nh v cng
trnh cng cng; h thng thit b in, thang my; phng chng chy n; h thng
cp thot nc; tip cn s dng cho ngi tn tt trong nh v cng trnh cng
cng tham chiu ti cc Quy chun tng ng khc.
Quy chun ny khng quy nh cc yu cu k thut m bo an ton sinh mng v
sc khe con ngi trong qu trnh chun b v thi cng cng trnh v do cc yu t
khng xut pht t bn thn cng trnh ( nhim do qu trnh sn xut, tc ng ca
l lt hoc t cc cng trnh bn ngoi).
1.2

i tng p dng

1.2.1

Cc loi nh v cng trnh cng cng thuc i tng p dng ca Quy

chun ny ghi trong Bng 1.1

Bng 1.1 Cc loi nh v cng trnh cng cng phi p dng Quy chun
STT

Loi cng trnh

Nh

Nh chung c

Nh ring l (khuyn khch p dng)

Cng trnh cng cng

Cng trnh vn ha: Th vin, bo tng, nh trin lm, nh vn ha, cu lc

b, nh biu din, nh ht, rp chiu bng, rp xic, i pht thanh, i
truyn hnh

Nh tr v trng hc: Nh tr, trng mu gio, trng mm non, trng

ph thng cc cp, trung tm k thut tng hp hng nghip, trng
trung cp chuyn nghip, c s dy ngh, trng i hc v cc loi trng
khc.

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

STT

Loi cng trnh

Cng trnh y t: Trm y t, bnh vin a khoa, bnh vin chuyn khoa t
trung ng n a phng, cc phng khm a khoa, khm chuyn khoa
khu vc, nh h sinh, nh iu dng, nh ngh, nh dng lo, cc c
quan y t, phng chng dch bnh.

Cng trnh thng nghip: Ch, ca hng, trung tm thng mi, siu th,
hng n, gii kht, trm dch v cng cng.

Nh lm vic: Vn phng, tr s.

Khch sn, nh khch.

Nh phc v giao thng: Nh ga, bn xe cc loi.

10

Nh phc v thng tin lin lc: Nh bu in, bu cc, nh lp t thit b

thng tin, i lu khng.

11

Sn vn ng.

12

Nh th thao.

1.2.2

Ngoi cc i tng p dng nu iu 1.2.1, mt s chng ca Quy

chun cn c gii hn ring v i tng p dng cho ring chng .

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 2 PHNG CHNG NC, HI M V CHT C HI

2.1

Yu cu chung

2.1.1

Phng chng nc v hi m
a) Nn nh v phn tng tip xc vi t nn phi m bo ngn c
nc v hi m t di t thm ln pha trn ca nn v tng;
b) Tng, mi, ban cng, l gia, hnh lang ngoi ca nh phi m bo
khng ng nc v ngn c nc ma thm qua;
c) Sn cc khu vc dng nc phi m bo khng ng nc v ngn
c nc thm qua.

2.1.2

Phng chng cht c hi

a) Phi c bin php phng nga, trnh c nguy c cc cht c hi b
mt hoc trong nn t ca cng trnh gy hi n sc kho con ngi.
b) Ti khu vc c ngi s dng, vt liu xy dng khng c pht thi cc
cht c hi nng nh hng xu n sc kho con ngi.

2.2

Gii thch t ng

2.2.1

Cht c hi: Cht gy s suy gim sc khe trc mt hoc lu di cho

ngi s dng.

2.2.2

Hot phng x ring (Cj) ca ht nhn phng x j :L hot phng

x t nhin ca ht nhn phng x j trong mu chia cho khi lng ca mu
, n v o l Bq/kg. Hot phng x ring C j i vi vt liu xy dng
bao gm hot phng x ca cc ht nhn phng x Radi, Thori v Kali
(CRa , CTh v CK ).

2.2.3

Ch s hot phng x an ton (I): L ch s phn nh hot phng x

tng hp ca cc hot phng x t nhin ring C Ra, CTh v CK ca vt
liu. Ch s hot phng x an ton l i lng khng th nguyn.

2.2.4

Nng trung bnh cho php tip xc trong 8 gi (Nng TWA 1):
Nng trung bnh m ngi tip xc trong thi gian 8 gi khng b nh
hng n sc khe. n v o: ppm hoc mg/m 3 khng kh (1 ppm = 10 -6
mg/m3 khng kh).

2.2.5

Nng gii hn cho php tip xc ngn (Nng STEL 2): Nng
m ngi tip xc lin tc trong thi gian 15 pht khng b nh hng n

Vit tt ca Time-Weighted Average

Vit tt ca Short Term Exposure Limit;

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

sc khe. n v o: ppm hoc mg/m 3 khng kh (1 ppm = 10-6 mg/m3 khng
kh).
2.3

Cc yu cu c th

2.3.1

Ch s hot phng x an ton (I) ca vt liu xy dng phi p ng yu

cu nu Bng 2.1.
Bng 2.1 . Mc hot phng x an ton ca vt liu xy dng

TT

i tng p dng

Gi tr ch s hot
phng x an ton
(I1 , I2 v I3)

Dng xy nh

1.1

Sn phm vt liu xy dng khi lng ln dng xy nh

I1 1

1.2

Vt liu san lp nn nh v nn gn nh

I1 1

1.3

Vt liu s dng xy nh vi b mt hay khi lng hn

ch (v d tng mng hay lt sn, p tng)

I1 6

Xy dng cc cng trnh ngoi nh

2.1

S dng nh vt liu p, lt cng trnh

Dng cho san lp

3.1

Vt liu dng cho san lp (khng thuc mc 1)

I3 1

3.2

Vt liu khng dng cho san lp, cn c tn cha

I3 >1

I2 1,5

Ch thch: - CRa , CTh, CK l cc hot phng x t nhin ring ca vt liu xy dng tng ng
vi cc ht nhn phng x Radi-226, Thori-232 v Kali-40.
- I1=CRa/300 +CTh/200 + CK/3000 ; I2=CRa/700 +CTh/500 + CK/8000;
I3=CRa/2000 +CTh/1500 + CK/20000

2.3.2

Vt liu xy dng cha aming:

2.3.2.1

Khng c s dng cc loi vt liu xy dng ch to t aming

amphibole.

2.3.2.2

Ch s dng vt liu xy dng cha aming cryzotyl di dng ch to

thnh sn phm, khng gy pht tn si aming ri.

2.3.3

Vt liu xy dng cha hc n cn c nng TWA khng ln hn 0,2

mg/m3.

2.3.4

Vt liu sn, bt mu xy dng phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

Hm lng benzen c nng TWA khng ln hn 1 ppm; nng

STEL khng ln hn 5 ppm;

Hm lng asen v c c nng TWA khng ln hn 0,01 mg/m 3;

Hm lng cadimi c nng TWA khng ln hn 0,005 mg/m 3;

7

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Hm lng metyl clorua c nng TWA khng ln hn 25 ppm;

nng STEL khng ln hn 125 ppm;

Hm lng crom VI trong vt liu sn chng n mn kim loi phi c

nng TWA khng ln hn 0,005 mg/m 3.

2.3.5

Vt liu xm mch phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

Hm lng fomaldehyt c nng TWA khng ln hn 0,75 ppm;

nng STEL khng ln hn 2 ppm.

Hm lng metyl clorua c nng TWA khng ln hn 25 ppm;

nng STEL khng ln hn 125 ppm.

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 3 BO V KHI NG, X V VA P

3.1

Yu cu chung

3.1.1

Cu thang b v ng dc
Phi c cu thang b, bc thang hoc ng dc m bo an ton cho
ngi i li gia cc sn, nn cao chnh nhau t 380mm tr ln.

3.1.2

Lan can
Phi c lan can hoc vt chn kh nng ngn ngi i li khng b ng
ti cc sn nn c cao chnh nhau t 2 bc thang (hoc 380mm nu
khng c bc thang) tr ln v cc v tr:
a) Cu thang b, bc thang, ng dc, sn, ban cng, l-gia, hnh lang v
mi c ngi i li;
b) Ging tri, khu vc tng hm hoc cc khu vc ngm tng t ni vi
cng trnh c ngi i li.

3.1.3

Ro chn xe c gii v khu vc bc xp hng

3.1.3.1

Cc ng dc v sn nh c xe c gii i li phi c ro chn bo v

ngi ti cc ni cn thit.

3.1.3.2

Khu vc bc xp hng cho xe c gii phi c cc li ra hoc li trnh xe c

gii cho ngi bn trong khu vc.

3.1.4

Trnh x, va p hoc b kt

3.1.4.1

Ngi i li bn trong hoc xung quanh cng trnh phi c m bo

khng b x vo ca thng kh hoc ca ly nh sng.

3.1.4.2

Cnh ca v cnh cng cn m bo:

a) Khng va vo ngi khi trt hoc m v pha trc;
b) Khng nht ngi bn trong khi ca v cng ng m bng ng c.

3.1.4.3

Ca hoc cng ng m bng ng c phi m c bng tay trong

trng hp ng c b hng.

3.1.4.4

Ca quay hoc cng quay phi m bo khng che khut tm nhn c hai
pha.

3.2

Gii hn p dng

3.2.1

Yu cu 3.1.3.1 ch p dng cho cc ng dc l b phn ca nh.

3.2.2

Yu cu 3.1.4.2 v 3.1.4.3 khng p dng cho ca hay cng l b phn ca

9

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

thang my.
3.3

Gii thch t ng

3.3.1

Cu thang b: B phn c cc bc, chiu ti v c th c chiu ngh

ngi di chuyn gia cc cao .

3.3.2

Cu thang xon: Cu thang b xy xung quanh mt ct hoc khong trng

gia.

3.3.3

V thang: B phn ca cu thang c cc bc lin tc theo mt chiu.

3.3.4

Bn bc vt: Bn bc c mi bc khng song song vi mi bc hoc cnh

chiu ti, chiu ngh pha trn n.

3.3.5

Chiu cao bc thang: Chiu cao gia cc bc thang lin k.

3.3.6

Chiu rng bc thang: Kch thc theo phng ngang t pha trc ra
pha sau bc tr i cc phn m bc trn n trm ln.

3.3.7

ng dc: ng c dc ln hn 1:20 c thit k cho ngi v

phng tin di chuyn gia cc sn, nn c cao khc nhau.

3.4

Cc yu cu c th

3.4.1

Cu thang b

3.4.1.1

dc ca cu thang b - chiu rng v chiu cao bc thang

a) Chiu cao v chiu rng bc ca tt c cc bc thang phi tho mn yu
cu v kch thc cho Bng 3.1, ng thi tng ca hai ln chiu cao
cng vi chiu rng bc thang (2H+B) khng nh hn 550mm v khng
ln hn 700mm (tr cu thang nu im b) di y).
b) Cu thang b trong c s gio dc mm non c chiu cao bc ti a l
120 mm.
c) Kch thc bc thang c xc nh theo Hnh 3.1.
d) dc ln nht ca li i vo cc hng gh ngi hoc bc ngi l 35 0.
Bng 3.1. Gii hn chiu cao v chiu rng bc thang

STT

Loi cu thang b

Chiu cao ti a
(mm)

Chiu rng ti thiu

(mm)

Cu thang b ca cc cng
trnh cng cng

180**

280*

Cu thang b ca nh

190**

250

CH THCH:
10

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

*

Nu din tch mt sn ca cng trnh nh hn 100m 2, cho php chiu rng bc ti

thiu l 250mm.
**

Chiu cao bc ln nht i vi cu thang b dng cho ngi tn tt cn p ng

yu cu ca Quy chun xy dng cng trnh m bo cho ngi tn tt tip cn s
dng.
Chiu rng bc (B)

Cc bc khng c c
bc phi trm ln nhau
t nht 16mm

Mt trn ca bc thang
Mt trn ca bc thang

C bc

Chiu rng bc c tnh

t mi bc ny n mi
bc khc

Chiu cao
bc (H)

Chiu rng bc (B)

Hnh 3.1. o chiu cao v chiu rng bc thang

3.4.1.2

Cu to bc thang
a)

Mt bc thang phi ngang phng. Bc thang c th h nhng mt bc

phi trm ln nhau t nht 16mm.

b) Tt c cc cu thang b c bc h nu c tr em di 5 tui s dng th

khe h khng c cao qu 100mm.
3.4.1.3

Chiu cao thng thu

Chiu cao thng thu i vi cc cu thang b v li i t nht l 2m. Cch xc
nh chiu cao thng thu c th hin Hnh 3.2.

t nht 2m
t nht 2m
ng
mi bc

Chiu ti

Chiu cao thng

thu thp nht
t nht 2m

V thang
Chiu ti/chiu ngh

Hnh 3.2. o chiu cao thng thu ca cu thang b

11

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

3.4.1.4

Chiu ti, chiu ngh

a) Chiu di v rng ca mi chiu ti, chiu ngh t nht phi bng chiu
rng nh nht ca v thang.
b) Chiu ti, chiu ngh cn phi ngang phng.

3.4.1.5

Cc loi cu thang b c bit

a) Cu thang c bn bc vt
Chiu rng ca bc vt c o nh sau:
-

Nu chiu rng ca v thang nh hn 1 m, o gia bc.

Nu chiu rng ca v thang t 1 m tr ln, o ti v tr cch hai bn 270

mm.

Cu thang c coi l m bo yu cu t ra nu chiu cao v chiu rng

bc p ng cc yu cu 3.4.1.1.
Chiu rng nh nht ca cc bc vt l 50mm (xem Hnh 3.3).
Nu cu thang bao gm c cc bc thng v cc bc vt th chiu rng ca
cc bc vt khng c nh hn chiu rng ca cc bc thng. Cc bc
thng cng phi p ng yu cu 3.4.1.1.
b) Cu thang xon
i vi cu thang trong khu vc cht hp khng s dng cho qu mt phng
c ngi s dng th cho php cu thang c chiu rng bc nh hn cc yu
cu ca Quy chun ny.

12

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Chiu rng thang
nh hn 1m

Bng Bng
nhau nhau

Chiu rng bc ti ch
thu hp t nht l 50mm

o chiu rng thang ti tm bc thang; o theo ng

cong thang ngay c khi thang c dng hnh ch nht.
Chiu rng thang
1m hoc ln hn

Chiu rng bc khng

ln hn quy nh 3.4.1.1

Chiu rng bc khng

nh hn quy nh 3.4.1.1

Chiu rng
thang

Chiu di chiu
ngh o ng
tm
270mm

270mm

Hnh 3.3 o kch thc cu thang c bn bc vt

3.4.1.6

Tay vn cho cu thang b

Cu thang b phi c tay vn t nht mt bn nu v thang c chiu rng di
1 m, c tay vn c hai bn nu v thang rng hn 1 m (trong trng hp mt
bn l tng th cho php khng c tay vn bn tng). Tay vn phi ko di
ph ht hai bc thang cui cng trong cc cng trnh cng cng hoc cng
trnh c ngi tn tt s dng.

3.4.1.7

Lan can cu thang

a) V thang, chiu ti, chiu ngh phi c lan can bo v cc cnh h.
b) i vi cng trnh c tr em di 5 tui lui ti, lan can cn m bo cc
yu cu sau :
+ khe h ca lan can khng t lt qu cu c ng knh 100mm;
+ khng c cu to tr em d tro qua lan can.
13

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

c) Chiu cao ti thiu ca lan can c quy nh Bng 3.2.
Bng 3.2 Chiu cao ti thiu ca lan can
Cng trnh

V tr

Chiu cao ti thiu

(mm)

Nh , c quan, trng L-gia v sn thng cc 1400

hc, cng s v cc cng v tr cao t 9 tng tr ln.
trnh cng cng
V thang, ng dc
900
Cc v tr khc
Ni tp trung ng ngi

1100

530mm trc gh ngi c 800

nh
V thang, ng dc

900

Cc v tr khc

1100

3.4.2

ng dc

3.4.2.1

dc ln nht ca ng dc khng c vt qu 1:12 i vi cng

trnh cng cng v 1:10 i vi nh chung c.

3.4.2.2

Tt c cc ng dc, chiu ti, chiu ngh phi c chiu cao thng thu ti
thiu l 2m.

3.4.2.3

Cn m bo ng dc khng c vt cn c nh, b mt ng dc phi

c cu to chng trt.

3.4.2.4

ng dc c chiu rng nh hn 1m phi c tay vn t nht mt bn. Nu

rng hn th phi c tay vn c hai bn. ng dc ni hai cao cch
nhau di 600mm khng bt buc phi c tay vn.
Chiu cao tay vn phi t 900mm n 1000mm. Tay vn phi l ch ta chc
chn v cho php nm cht c.
Tay vn ca ng dc dnh cho ngi tn tt cn tun th Quy chun xy
dng cng trnh m bo cho ngi tn tt tip cn s dng.

3.4.2.5

ng dc, chiu ti, chiu ngh phi c lan can che chn ti cc cnh h
nh i vi cu thang b

3.4.3

Lan can v ro chn

3.4.3.1

Lan can cho ngi i b

a) Phi c lan can chn cc cnh trng ca sn, ban cng, lgia, mi (bao
gm c ging tri v cc l m khc), v cc ni khc c ngi i li.
ga ra t phi c lan can nhng ni c ngi i li nhng khng bt buc
nhng ng dc ch s dng cho xe c i li v khu vc bc xp
hng.
14

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

b) Chiu cao ti thiu i vi lan can c cho Bng 3.2. Lan can phi c
kh nng chu c tc ng ca lc ngang quy nh trong Quy chun lin
quan. Khng lm lan can c mt trn rng trnh ngi ngi hoc nm.
Nu s dng knh cc lan can, cn tun th chng 4 ca Quy chun
ny.
c) i vi cng trnh c tr em di 5 tui s dng th lan can phi cu to
khng cho tr em d tro qua1 v khng c l hng t lt qu cu ng
knh 100mm.
3.4.3.2

Ro chn xe c gii
a) Cn b tr cc ro chn ti cc cnh ca li i, ti sn, sn mi c xe c
gii i li.
b) Ro chn phi c chiu cao ti thiu l 375 mm i vi mp sn hoc mi,
600 mm i vi mp ng dc. Ro chn phi c kh nng chu c
tc ng ca lc ngang theo quy nh trong Quy chun c lin quan.

3.4.3.3

Khu vc bc xp
Khu vc bc xp phi c t nht mt li thot ra pha cao thp. Cc khu
vc bc xp rng dnh cho hai xe tr ln cn b tr t nht hai li ra, mi li
mt bn.

3.4.4

Chng x vo ca thng gi v ca ly nh sng

3.4.4.1

Cc b phn nh ra
Ca thng gi v ca ly nh sng nu c cc b phn nh ra qu 100mm
vo khng gian i li ca ngi s dng trong v xung quanh cng trnh, k
c hng vo trong nh hay ra ngoi, phi p ng cc yu cu sau:
-

b phn c nh nh ra khng thp hn 2 m k t mt nn hoc sn;

phn ca m ra phi c cc ro cn hoc lan can cao t nht 900 mm

phng ngi i li bc vo; nu khng phi c du hiu rt r rng
khc bit hn so vi cc khu vc khc trn mt nn hoc sn lu
ngi s dng trnh xa khu vc .

3.4.4.2

Khng gian ch s dng cho mc ch bo dng cng trnh

i vi khu vc khng s dng thng xuyn m ch s dng vo mc ch
bo dng cng trnh th cn b tr nhng du hiu r rng, d thy lu
c cc b phn nh ra.

3.4.5

Chng va p vo cnh ca v chng b ca kp

Khng nn b tr cc thanh ngang tr ta chn tro qua lan can .

15

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

3.4.5.1

Ca v cng li i chnh, cc loi ca hoc cng c th m t hai pha

phi c cc nhn qua c tr khi chng thp n mc c th nhn qua
pha trn (khong 900 mm ngi ngi trn xe ln c th nhn qua).

3.4.5.2

Cc ca, cng trt phi c con chn hoc cc b phn thch hp

phng b trt khi ray, ng thi phi m bo khng b ri khi h thng
treo hng hoc con ln chch khi ray.

3.4.5.3

Ca, cng m ln trn phi m bo khng t sp xung gy thng tch

cho ngi s dng.

3.4.5.4

Ca, cng ng m bng ng c cn c:

a) cc b phn an ton trnh thng vong cho ngi b kp hoc b nht;
b) cng tc dng c lp t ti ni d thy v d bt;
c) c th m t ng hoc m bng tay trong trng hp mt in.

3.4.6

Bin bo

3.4.6.1

Cn c cc bin bo ch dn thng tin ti cc v tr cn thit nh: li ra vo,

li thot nn, ni c nguy c chy, n, in git, ni cm la, khu v sinh,
ni t in thoi, thit b lin lc, thit b chng chy.

3.4.6.2

Bin bo phi d c v nhng ni d thy. Ti nhng khu vc nguy

him, bin bo phi v tr thch hp mi ngi nhn bit trc khi i
vo khu vc .

3.4.6.3

Ni dung ca bin bo phi d hiu, c trng v thng nht vi quy c

quc t.

3.4.6.4

Cc bin bo ng thot nn, s tn khn cp phi c chiu sng vi

ri trn b mt bin bo khng di 1 lux.

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CHNG 4 AN TON S DNG KNH

4.1

Yu cu chung

4.1.1

An ton i vi tc ng va p
Knh ti cc ni c ngi thng xuyn lui ti bn trong hoc xung quanh
cng trnh phi p ng mt trong cc yu cu ti thiu sau:
a) c bo v trnh va p;
b) C th chu c tc ng va p m khng b v;
c) Nu b v do va p th khng gy nguy him cho ngi s dng.

4.1.2

Du hiu nhn bit knh

Cc loi knh trong sut t ti nhng ni c ngi thng xuyn lui ti cn
phi c gn cc du hiu nhn bit s c mt ca knh.

4.1.3

ng m ca an ton
Ca s, ca mi v ca thng gi phi m bo ng, m hoc iu chnh
m mt cch an ton.

4.1.4

Ca s, ca tri, cc vch bao che, trn hoc mi knh cn phi m bo

an ton khi tip cn lm v sinh.

4.2

Cc yu cu c th

4.2.1

An ton i vi tc ng va p

4.2.1.1

An ton khi v do va p
Khi th nghim va p, kt qu phi t mt trong cc yu cu sau:
a) Ch gy ra mt l nh
b) Knh khng b v ri ra m ch mt tnh lin tc vi cc mnh nh cn dnh
kt vi nhau.
c) Knh b v thnh cc mnh khng nhn sc cnh.

4.2.1.2

Knh c bo v bi vt c nh
Khi s dng cc vt c nh (lan can, tm chn, ...) bo v knh ti cc
vng nguy him th cc vt ny cn phi:
a) Khng c khe h no nht lt qu cu ng knh 75 mm;
b) Chc chn;
c) Kh tro qua ngn nga chng ri ng.
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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

4.2.2

ng m ca an ton
a) B phn iu khin ng m ca phi t v tr khng cao qu 1,9m so
vi mt sn hoc ni c th ng ng m ca.
b) B phn iu khin phi t thp hn 1,7m khi c chng ngi vt rng
ti 600mm v thp hn 900mm (xem Hnh 4.1);
c) Khi khng p ng c cc yu cu a) v b) trn th phi c cng c
ng m ca t xa, v d nh h thng iu khin in t hoc iu
khin bng tay.
d) i vi cc phng c xy dng m bo ngi tn tt tip cn s
dng th phi tun th cc quy nh ca Quy chun Xy dng cng trnh
m bo ngi tn tt tip cn s dng.
Ca s
600mm ti b
phn iu khin

900mm

Nh hn 1,7m nu c
chng ngi vt, nu khng
c chng ngi vt th nh
hn 1,9m

Hnh 4. - Khong cch ti v tr iu khin ng, m ca

4.3

An ton khi tip cn lm v sinh ca s

Trng hp khng th lm v sinh mt knh mt cch an ton bng cch
ng trc tip trn mt t, mt sn hoc cc b mt c nh th cn phi c
mt trong cc gii php sau:
a) B tr cc ca s vi kch thc v kiu dng m bo b mt ngoi c
lm v sinh mt cch an ton t pha bn trong ca cng trnh. Cn lp t
mt c cu c th gi ca c nh ti v tr nh trc cho nhng ca s
nh vy.
b) B tr mt din tch phng, c nh v chc chn v tr cho php s dng
thang di ng c chiu di khng qu 9m tnh t chn thang ti im ta
thang. Vi thang c chiu di nh hn 6m th c th t ta trn nn hoc
sn; vi thang c chiu di ln hn 6m phi c ch neo buc thang vo
cng trnh;
c) B tr li tip cn i li c c chiu rng ti thiu l 400 mm, lan can cao
ti thiu 1000 mm hoc c cc chi tit neo dng c phng trt ng.

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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

d) B tr cc im neo ph hp treo mc dy an ton.
e) Nu khng p dng c mt trong cc gii php trn, cn b tr ch
t gio dng thp hoc gio treo vi cc dng c an ton i km .

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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 5 CHIU SNG

5.1

Yu cu chung
Bn trong v bn ngoi nh phi c chiu sng ph hp vi mc ch s
dng.

5.2

Gii thch t ng

5.2.1

Chiu sng t nhin: Chiu sng cc phng (trc tip hoc gin tip) bng
nh sng bu tri xuyn qua ca ly nh sng b tr cc kt cu bao che.

5.2.2

Chiu sng nhn to: Chiu sng bng nh sng nhn to.

5.2.3

Chiu sng lm vic: Chiu sng m bo mi hot ng bnh thng ca

con ngi trong cng trnh

5.2.4

Chiu sng s c: Chiu sng bo m cho ngi d dng thot ra ngoi

trong trng hp c s c.

5.2.5

Chiu sng bo v: Chiu sng gii hn trong khu vc (hoc cng trnh)
cn phi bo v trong thi gian ban m.

5.3

Cc yu cu c th

5.3.1

Chiu sng t nhin

5.3.1.1

Cc cn phng trong nh, nht l cc phng , khu v sinh cn c u

tin chiu sng t nhin qua cc ca s m trc tip ra khng gian trng
bn ngoi.

5.3.1.2

i vi ni lm vic, chiu sng t nhin cn m bo qu na thi gian

ban ngy vi gi tr ri t nhin ti thiu ph hp vi hot ng th gic,
qui nh Bng 5.1.

Bng 5.1 H s ri t nhin ti thiu

Phn cp hot ng th gic

Chiu sng bn

Chiu sng trn

Mc chnh xc

Kch thc
vt phn bit
(mm)

ri
nh sng
t nhin
trong nh
(lux)

H s
ri t
nhin ti
thiu (%)

ri
nh sng
t nhin
trong nh
(lux)

H s
ri t
nhin
trung bnh
(%)

c bit chnh xc

d 0,15

250

350

Rt chnh xc

0,15 d 0,3

150

250

Chnh xc

0,3 d 1,0

100

150

Trung bnh

1,0 d 5,0

50

100

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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Th

25

d 5,0

5.3.2

Chiu sng nhn to

5.3.2.1

Chiu sng lm vic

0,5

50

Trong nh, chiu sng nhn to phi m bo khi thiu hoc khng c
chiu sng t nhin vn bo m mi hot ng bnh thng ca ngi s
dng.
5.3.2.2

Chiu sng s c
Phi chiu sng s c trong nhng trng hp sau:
i) Chiu sng khn cp: t dc ng thot nn nhng ni c nguy c
chy, n, nhim c.
ii) Chiu sng lin tc: Thc hin nhng ni nu ngng chiu sng s gy
nh hng n an ton, an ninh x hi, thit hi v kinh t hoc nguy hi
n tnh mng con ngi (nh phng m, phng cp cu).
iii) Chiu sng bo v: Chiu sng bn ngoi nh, dc ranh gii nh hoc khu
cng trnh cn bo v an ninh v ti sn.

5.3.2.3

Chiu sng t mt ngoi cng trnh khng c nh hng xu ti giao

thng v m quan th.

5.3.2.4

Yu cu v ri ca chiu sng nhn to trong v ngoi nh c qui nh

Bng 5.2 v Bng 5.3.

Bng 5.2 Chiu sng nhn to bn trong nh - ri ti thiu trn b mt lm

vic hoc vt cn phn bit.
ri ti thiu (Lux) trong trng hp quan st
Loi phng

Thng xuyn

Theo chu k

Khng lu

n
hunh
quang

n
nung
sng

n
hunh
quang

n
nung
sng

n
hunh
quang

n
nung
sng

Phng lm vic, vn phng,

lp hc, phng thit k, th
nghim.

400

200

300

150

150

75

Phng n ung; Gian bn

hng; Gian trin lm

300

150

200

100

100

50

Hi trng gian khn gi;

Nh ht, rp chiu bng

150

75

100

50

75

30

Bng 5.3 Chiu sng s c v chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi nh

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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Loi chiu sng

ri ti thiu (lux)

Ghi ch

Trong nh

Ngoi nh

150

1. Chiu sng s c:
- Trn mt lm vic
- Phng m
Trn ng thot nn

(trn mt sn li
i, bc thang)
2. Chiu sng bo v

1
(trn mt t)

3. Ngoi nh:
- Cng vo

- ng, sn do chi

- Sn chi, tp th dc

22

Phi dng n
si nung

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 6 THNG GI
6.1

Yu cu chung

6.1.1

H thng thng gi ca nh v cng trnh cng cng phi m bo:

a) ht thi hi nc t ni c ngun pht sinh nhiu hi nc (bp, phng
tm) trc khi n lan ra cc khu vc khc;
b) ht thi cc cht gy nhim t ni c ngun pht sinh nhiu cht gy
nhim (nh cc phng c cc hot ng sinh ra cc cht gy nhim)
trc khi n lan ra cc khu vc khc;
c) duy tr cung cp lng khng kh ti ti thiu, ng thi pha long nng
cc cht gy nhim v hi nc sinh ra;
d) tin li trong vn hnh, thi c nhit tha sinh ra trong cng trnh v
khng gy nh hng ti sc kho con ngi.

6.1.2

H thng thng gi s c phi tun th cc quy nh c lin quan trong Quy

chun v phng chy, chng chy cho nh v cng trnh.

6.1.3

H thng thng gi, iu ha khng kh khng c tun hon trong trng

hp khng kh c cha cc cht c hi nguy him, cc cht gy chy n, vi
sinh vt gy bnh, cht gy mi kh chu.

6.1.4

Thng gi t nhin phi c s dng ti a cho cc phng bn trong nh

v cng trnh cng cng.

6.2

Gii hn p dng
Cc yu cu nu chng ny khng bt buc p dng i vi hng mc
cng trnh hay khng gian trong cng trnh:
a) khng c ngi thng xuyn lui ti;
b) kho hoc ni ch cha ;

6.3

Gii thch t ng

6.3.1

Thng gi ht thi cc b: l thng gi ht khng kh t cc ni pht sinh

ra cht nhim nh bp, phng tm, phng my photocopy, nhm hn ch
s lan truyn cc cht sang cc phng khc bn trong nh v cng trnh.
S ht thi ny c th thng xuyn hoc ngt qung.

6.3.2

Thng gi chung: l thng gi bng cch cung cp kh ti t bn ngoi

lm pha long, phn tn cc cht gy nhim hoc hi nc.

6.3.3

Thng gi s c: l thng gi tng cng, c d kin trong qu trnh

s dng, trong trng hp xy ra s c lm pht sinh bt thng mt lng
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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

ln cht c hi hoc cht gy chy n.
6.3.4

Thng gi t nhin: l thng gi ch s dng nng lng t nhin.

6.3.5

Thng gi c kh: l thng gi s dng qut.

6.4

Cc yu cu c th

6.4.1

i vi nh

6.4.1.1

Phi b tr thng gi ht thi cc b cho bp, phng tm, phng v sinh,

phng c t cc thit b nh my git, l. Lu lng thng gi ht thi cc
b ti thiu tnh bng lt/giy (l/s) c quy nh trong bng 6.1.

Bng 6.1 Lu lng thng gi ht thi cc b ti thiu i vi nh

Phng

Lu lng thng gi ht thi

cc b khng thng xuyn

Lu lng thng gi ht thi

cc b thng xuyn

(l/s)

(l/s)

Bp

30 (trc tip trn bp)

13

Tm

15

V sinh

6.4.1.2

Lu lng thng gi chung cp khng kh ti t bn ngoi vo trong nh

c quy nh khng nh hn cc gi tr trong bng 6.2, ng thi khng
nh hn 0,3 (l/s)/mt vung sn.

Bng 6.2 Lu lng thng gi chung ti thiu i vi nh

S phng ng
1
Lu lng thng gi 13
chung (l/s)

17

21

25

29

6.4.2

i vi vn phng

6.4.2.1

Phi b tr thng gi ht thi cc b cho phng v sinh, phng git, khu vc

nu n, cc phng c my in n v photocopy. Lu lng thng gi ht thi
cc b ti thiu c quy nh trong bng 6.3.

6.4.2.2

Lu lng thng gi chung cp khng kh ti t bn ngoi vo trong vn

phng khng nh hn 5,5 (l/s)/ngi.

Bng 6.3 - Lu lng thng gi ht thi ti thiu i vi vn phng

Phng

Lu lng thng gi ht thi ti thiu

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QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

Phng c my in, my 20 (l/s)/my khi s dng (nu my s dng lin
photocopy vi tn sut s tc th p dng mc thng gi chung).
dng ln (trn 30 pht mi gi)
V sinh v tm ca vn phng

Ht khng lin tc vi lu lng 15 (l/s)/hng

sen hoc bn;
6 (l/s)/tiu hoc x

Bp

Ht khng lin tc (nhng ng thi vi qu trnh

ch bin) vi lu lng:
15 l/s i vi l vi sng
30 l/s i vi chp ht trc tip trn 1 bp

6.4.3

i vi gara:
a) gara ch dng thng gi t nhin: phi m t nht 25% din tch tng hai
pha i din nhau hoc 1/20 din tch sn vi mi ch xe ;
b) gara c thng gi c kh kt hp thng gi t nhin: phi m ca
thng gi t nhin vi din tch t nht bng 1/40 din tch sn, kt hp
thng gi c kh vi bi s trao i khng kh t nht l 3 ln/gi.
c) gara ch dng thng gi c kh (ga ra ngm): bi s trao i khng kh t
nht l 6 ln/gi. i vi li ra vo, ni cc xe xp hng m vn n my,
th bi s trao i khng kh t nht l 10 ln/gi.

25

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 7 CHNG N
7.1

Yu cu chung
Nh v cng trnh cng cng phi c kh nng chng n lan truyn gia
cc b phn trong cng trnh v t cc b phn ca cng trnh lin k.

7.2

Cc yu cu c th
Tng, vch, ca, sn ca cc phng phi t yu cu cch m nh Bng
7.1.
Bng 7.1. Ch s cch m ti thiu i vi tng, vch, ca v sn

S
T
T

Tn v v tr kt cu ngn che

Ch s cch m
khng kh, dB

Ch s cch m
va chm, dB

Sn gia cc phng kiu cn h chung

c

45

73

Sn gia cc phng vi tng hm, tng

m, phng p mi

40

Sn gia phng vi cc ca hng pha

di

50

73

Sn gia phng vi cc phng pha di

dng hot ng th thao, lm qun c
ph gii kht, hoc phc v hot ng cng
cng tng t

55

73

Tng v vch gia cc cn h, gia cc

phng ca cn h vi cu thang b,
phng m, snh

45

Tng gia phng ca cn h v ca

hng

50

Vch khng c ca gia cc phng , gia

bp vi phng ca mt cn h; vch gia
phng vi khu v sinh ca mt cn h

40

Ca i hng ra cu thang b, snh, hnh

lang

20

MC LC
26

QCXDVN 05: 2008/BXD

CHNG 1

QUY NH CHUNG.........................................................................................3

CHNG 2

PHNG CHNG NC, HI M V CHT C HI..................................5

CHNG 3

BO V KHI NG, X V VA P..............................................................8

CHNG 4

AN TON S DNG KNH............................................................................16

CHNG 5

CHIU SNG................................................................................................19

CHNG 6

THNG GI..................................................................................................22

CHNG 7

CHNG N...................................................................................................25

-----------------

Ngun: Cng TTT B Xy dng

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