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Maslow Theory 2
Maslow Theory 2
Tm tt. Ngi lao ng lm vic trong t chc u c nhng mi quan tm v mong mun ring.
Vic tha mn cc nhu cu v mong mun ca ngi lao ng s to ng lc v tinh thn
ngi lao ng gn b vi cng vic v lm vic tt hn. Do vy, khuyn khch ngi lao ng
lm vic tr thnh mt trong nhng ni dung quan trng nht trong qun l ngun nhn lc. C rt
nhiu quan im v trng phi v khuyn khch nhn vin. Trong , thuyt nhu cu ca
Abraham Maslow l mt trong nhng l thuyt c tha nhn rng ri nht. Theo Maslows, cc
nhu cu gm c hai cp: cp cao v cp thp. Cp thp gm cc nhu cu sinh hc v an ninh, an
ton. Cp cao gm cc nhu cu x hi, t trng v s hon thin. Vic nhu cu c tha mn v
c tha mn ti a l mc ch hnh ng ca con ngi. y l kht vng v n lc t
c mong mun. Theo , nhu cu tr thnh ng lc quan trng v vic tc ng vo nhu cu c
nhn s thay i c hnh vi ca con ngi. Nh vy, khuyn khch v ng vin nhn vin,
nh qun l cn nghin cu v tm hiu c th nhu cu ca nhn vi n v c bin php hu hiu
p ng, ngha l h cn bit tha mn nhu cu ca nhn vin mt cch hp l trong phm vi c
th m vn mang li hiu qu cao nht cho doanh nghip .
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mc c bn ca n i vi s tn ti v
pht trin ca con ngi va l mt sinh vt t
nhin, va l mt thc th x hi. Nhng nhu
cu cp cao hn s c tha mn khi nhu
cu cp thp hn c p ng(1). Con ngi c
nhn hay con ngi trong t chc ch yu hnh
ng theo nhu cu. Chnh s tha mn nhu cu
lm h hi lng v khuyn khch h hnh ng.
Theo bc thang nhu cu ca A. Maslow, cc
nhu cu gm c hai cp: cp cao v cp thp.
Cp thp gm cc nhu cu sinh hc v an
ninh, an ton.
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(1)
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(3)
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82
Th ba, bo m p ng nhu cu x
hi, ngi lao ng cn c to iu kin lm
vic theo nhm, c to c hi m rng
giao lu gia cc b phn, gia bn trong v
bn ngoi, khuyn khch mi ngi cng tham
gia kin phc v s pht trin doanh nghip
hoc t chc. Nhn vin s cam kt gn b
nhiu hn vi cng vic nu nh h c
quyn pht biu v chng. H c khuynh hng
tin tng v ng h nhng quyt nh m trong
c phn ca h tham gia vo. Nhiu nhn
vin mun tham gia vo cc quyt nh: nht l
khi cc quyt nh ny tc ng ln cng vic
ca h. Nu h c th ng gp iu g , h
s cm thy rt hnh din v nhng ng gp
ca mnh v quyt tm nhiu hn thc hin
quyt nh .
Bn cnh , cng p ng nhu cu pht
trin quan h x hi, t chc cn c cc hot
ng vui chi, gii tr, giao lu nhn cc dp
ngy l hoc cc k ngh di ngy... Cc nhu
cu x hi cng nh cc nhu c u khc c p
ng trong tc ng qua li vi nhng ngi gn
gi, cc thnh vin c a cng ng, cc nhm x
hi cng nh gia nh.
Th t, tha mn nhu cu c tn
trng, ngi lao ng cn c tn trng v
nhn cch, phm cht, c coi trng s ng
gp cho t chc. Khi mt ngi c khch l,
khen thng v thnh qu lao ng ca mnh,
h sn sng lm vic hng say hn, hiu qu
hn. Bn cnh vic c tr tin lng hay c
thu nhp tha ng theo cc quan h th trng,
ngi lao ng cng mong mu n c tn
trng cc gi tr ca con ngi. Do , cc nh
qun l cn thc hin chnh sch khen ngi, tn
vinh s thnh cng v tuyn truyn nhng
thnh tch ca c nhn mt cch rng ri.
Th nm, i vi nhu cu t hon thin, nh
doanh nghip cn cung cp cc c hi pht trin
nhng th mnh c nhn. Nhn vin no cng
c mun c nhng bc tin trong s nghip.
V vy, nh qun l nn thit lp hng thng
tin r rng cho tt c nhn vin. Mt khi c
p dng trong t chc, cch lm trn xem ra c
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4. Kt lun
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Employees of organizations have their own interests and wishes. To satisfy the needs and wants of
the employees will create motivation and spirit for them to stick with job and do it better. Therefore, to
motivate employees is one of the most important parts of human resource management. There are
various viewpoints and schools on employee motivation, out of which, the need theory of Abraham
Maslow is one of the most widely recognized ones. As Maslows suggestion, the needs are of two
levels: the high level and the low one of need hierarchy. The former comprises of physiological
needs, and needs for security and safety, and the latter comprises of social needs, and needs for
esteem and self-actualization. To be satisfied, even to the utmost, with the needs is purpose of human
action. This is desires and efforts to achieve the needs. Accordingly, the needs become a critical
motivation, and influencing the needs of individuals will change human's behavior. Thus, so as to
encourage and motivate employees, managers should study and be clear of their own employees
detailed needs, and find out effective solutions to meet the needs. It means they should satisfy their
employees needs within a reasonable range while bring about the highest efficiency to their business.