tlavdey Probab ny Question 22 (1990) Question 23 (1991) (@) How many different five-figure numbers can ' Anine-member Fund Raising Committee cons” $s be formed from the digits 1,2,3,4,5 without of four students, three teachers and two parents. repetition? ‘The Committee meets around a circular table. (ii) How many of these numbers are greater than (i) How many different arrangements of the 45321? nine members around the table are possible ifthe students sit together as a group and (iii) How many of these numbers are less than 453217 30 do the teachers, but no teacher sits next toa student? Ci) Ps = 120 0 en ta aerangearatsae Gare - 4 . equally likely, what is the bability that Gi) TA gun oo with 6 these to members sit next t eachother? ere aig e remaining. J G) students = S i 4fq = 24 porent =P ~ Cif) o- 24 ;| teachers = + = 95 ¢ - because STAT i] Pa ote Sf orate TF] AG321 15 nob tht] af | 4 3! induced: 29h arrange nents Cai} Fats say we want 5, nbxt to F STII Fel | eas | ifife}i | tt 3! at | 2 52 Cz 2, = 28g Lt 4Question 25 (1988) Gna particular island, twenty per cent of all turtles survive for four weeks after hatching. Fifteen turtles hy_} on the same day and are tagged for a study. {i) Find, correct to two significant figures, the probability that: (@) all fifteen turtles will survive the four weeks; ®) none of the turtles survives the four weeks, Gi). Write down expressions for the probability that: {c) no more than three turtles will survive the four weeks; (B) at least three turtles survivethe four weeks, doabitsey that a turule will wv Foun ve for 4 weeks p= 20% Pee won't survive) = 4 Of) Prot 5 survive) % 3.3510 " none surives) = t a => 9.035 1q COU) Pe gt G PZT ( Lyn & ry. =o Lape ex +864” ; P Sing ie Fair pros, Spl He Gear FG gr > of4 fic tually this ¥S fz TH Pltach has dsfterent opinan} Question 26 (1989) A public opinion survey of a certain parliamentary Proposition finds 47% of the population in favour, 38% opposed and 16% undecided. Three persons are selected at random. Using the expansion (o+qtr) = piig*s rs aptg a ag’ + 3pq?+Sqr*+ Brn" +874 p+ Gpgr or otherwise, find the probability that: i) one pefaon ne favour, one opposed and one ed undeci (i) exactly two persons are opposed; Gi} at least two persons are of the same opinic either in fayour, or opposed or undecided, Ci) et pz 0.4? Cin forour) OE 0.30 (0 ppoxel) ve 0.15 C undeei P(pqr in tet order } =Pg" O Cegr mm any order) 3lox rye oO. 6 “rg at 4 nT is not Ws ny inamy aredor) Be gtry) O.Z24 | (i) (3 cil floes z eo " el 2H plrel t an qi xf PC ot teat 1 op, sed) = 3 ¥ (pet 9g J olaecrded) Flos He Zany Ag = 3r ‘et Brg tr?Question 27 (1993) In the next 7 days, called day 1, day 2, ..., day 7 Esther and George must each take 3 days in a tow off work. ‘They chaose their consecutive 3 days randomly and independently of each other. (i) Show that the probability that they both at day 1 off together is ze. Gi) What is the probability that day 2is the fret day that they both have off together? Gii) Find the probability that Esther and George have at least one day off together. Let E clenoter the F-olay teow? taken by Esther, with Ey jr tHe leave which starts 9 fay IC and contnuts ta day Let G denotes tH lee token George There ove (ky, Ex, £3, G4, Est, CG, Ge, Os, Ga, Ge) Choosing ort of tach, thie ow? 5° passile combinations Ci) To hove doy f off together, it yun be ENS Pe = Zy Ci} TA com (EtG) (EG), CE, Gs) C one of them must Hart the love W doy 2] pe 3 as Gil) Find PC ro doy fagethor. fosside cavnbirations + 3). (Es, Ga), (Ev Gs), (EvGs), (Gr, Eal, (Gu, Esh (re -Es). Plo dey Hf ¢ Lagethor) a Mat (cart z Hf) wy 2S Question 28 (1994) Ajar contains w white and r red jellybeans. Threg jellybeans are taken at random from the jar and eaten, @) Write down an expression, in terms of w and r for the probability that these 3 jellybeans were white. Gary observed that.if the jar had initially contained (w+ 1) white andr red jellybeans, then the probability that the 3 eaten jellyboans were whito would have: been double that in part (i). 2 Gi) Show that r= week, (iii) Determine all possible numbers of white and red jellybeans. (i) first draws Pita) = (Se ~ SPeond otra PCuslite) = ward khird tro + Pwhite) = = utr ential yng, 22 lw tlw, werk wte-Havtr-2) GI) TE i hod (uti) white, fog, = hwttw Ow luctet arte) Cut P bt fo = 2 Fy By inspection, wit zy wz} wrt! tr-2 wl 2{w-2) wee (we (ott Mey 4 lute = 2lw2Awtit Aw-e/r rot 2wt 4 alr Late Cut Nw-2)_ Gili) rz Cuts) (2) MUS be jue Titeger. (S~w, Tgrtinved vert page |Question 85 (1995) (b)A fair coin is toesed 2n times. The probability af observing & heads and (2n~ B) tails is given by Gartat 1, = [" sins) a, whore ian integer, oyrnnne n20. a=( (32) yj ‘vo Using integration by parts, show that, one 7 2 (aed @ Show that the most likely outcome is b =n. for n22, = ("24y,,. ‘Thats, show that , is greatest when k= 1. , _2n-1 (i) Deduce that fy, ~ 2 Gi) Show that P, = # sk . 2n_ an (a and Tiga = 2%. Sent Tat Vad i) Ueing thee offpart (a) ii), show that Gil) Explain why % > Jy» pede iv) Hence, using the fact that Igy. > oq and Fon > Tops, Show that ih eat fa)Ci) Tn 1" Sin x bye ~ SP ea eats ae\\ t sin Se (kcos" x) ale = Cae ~ Gin Sosy ca5x abe wer, red ae e713 yt > I =) Ze] reatest Pk at Paty Fe ken i) fee Gu (6) ae a a wale [porti ii next eyed fet Mzc0sx, off» Sx fet fo sin” he Come ae “ts Tal3 me he A on™. _ (fete ea oma re i in ee Taner t 25] gat we BNE) Li whe Di > [sy xabe = 1 CID (9inx]* ZC xc] joecoyse SSMS, with fi hom x29 and XZ m2 ane4 2 ali a" wi xXEyin3 ne ae we 2 int 2 nt Cit) Tent Taw Tani * at ay HIS ai 22. ae By a ms pection, wt Re sone pattern » ant mat 4 Sasa hog e on oa? > La lot 7X (3) as requred +t we 3 Since the axpressan comes from tte bak Meopote thet 3 white pllybeans ore drawn we 3)or (we 4 . 2) (CE a) .Question 29 (1996) Consider a lotto-style game with a barrel containing twenty similar balls numbered’ to 20 3m each game, four balls are drawn, without replacement, from the twenty balls in the barrel pny game is 02. $@) Find the probability that the number 20 is drawn in eractly two of the next five game$ | played. Find the probability that the number 20s drawn in at Jeast two of the next five games played ; Plexacty 2) =H, 0.2%. 08 = 0.40% Ci) PE (exactly t) : C26 0. = 04996 FC rane } = HC, 0.20% 0.9? = Ke LHe. Plot feast a) = 1 9405-0 323d = 0.262 iii) MO of wo of Aovsing “ of Zoballs ¢ choosiry n ways “Neato aan { balls JG a“ Ps em 280 g byestign ey vats ‘The probability that ony particular number is druy\ Letj be an integer, with 4 < j < 20. Gill) Write down the probability that, in any one, game, all four selected numbers are less tht or equal toj. (iv) Show that the probability that, in any on@ game. jis the largest of the four numbers j-2) a 20)" 4 x the four balls cho cw are fe the ball teeGled Therg a 3 re mornin, na te te chosOn fron -1) balls. ~faarelt outcomes, 5 - HC, - ( J 3) Pz ( Cig) =) § Coltid ar result in CodCry) eRcoyse it has more resentlamce to what we wort. 2n (2h-~(2n-4}-- # oSE Van (ens Hen-3). ] nn < 2nlen- we Z Uralne de) Nom mm Ry - Her king zn- lar 3, _— ond nats aa Za(en-g)... < Fan [ont next exoe|Question 30 (1997) “ima game, two players take turns at drawing, and immediately replacing, a marble from a bag «_ taining two green and three red marbles, The gaine is won by player A drawing a groen marble, or player B drawing a red matble. Player A draws first. Find the probability that: (@ A wins on her first draw; Gi) B wine on her first draw; (iii) A wina in less than four of her turns; {iv} A wins eventually. W 45 Gi) ¥5 x Be? Ks u PCB ges rect) ~ FA doesnt get green) Cit) Hor 4 to win-in | tur] 2 tums [3 ear ‘sai [8 OAT] MOTE lee fe HL v ts Pe doesnt get red ) VA Soecn'y gt q reen} P(A wing m <74 turns} = Bt ee BE . * i822 = 0.51501 ti) Ps *% 4 vert YEE BPH +t Br noe which (5 a geometric © progressien { the n-f is bosical aly ) with o finitting . ‘0 % chiral pot f: x = Te = cr vi r Ft hove te mess artunel wath te middle port. 2 denominertay = (aralf2 bo ace - = (een) - yerng 2's, = (2° Enyeyta-z}-cf = 2°!)