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Schechter, Valle 2
Schechter, Valle 2
JUNE 1982
Neutrinoless
J. Schechter
Department
and
J. %. F. Valle
m York 23210
of Physics,
yw
y+
to
~o
e~
Aw-
h+
y0
pw
I
44
tions
(d)
m'(Z)=
(c)
=y,
(A,
+2y
(2)
2
gz
4 cos Op
GF
(A,
'+4y
),
g
Sm
(8')
in standard notation. The vacuum value y is expected to be small compared to A, , but the experi-
2951
J. SCHECHTER
mental constraints are not very tight. For our
purposes it is important to note that the singly
charged field X which is not absorbed by the
gauge field is the linear combination
+cop,
co
= ~2
AND
J. W. F. VALLE
cist(HHt
H
tH)/+cd Tr(HH)
(8)
where
(3)
yo
7 h+++H. c. ,
g3X
g3
= ~2coc i ( p ) + 2c3 ( h ) co d
(mass)
Wh+++H.c.
) W
p agators:
7?lq
yam
(h
mvg
)m (X )
(10)
4
g Pl~
)m (JY)
m (h
g ~v
(6)
m'( W) (p')
Tr(HtH
+(dP"HP, +H. c. ),
g(h
25
for 1(b)
for 1(a)
"
co3m~'(p') d
(p )
m2(h
X4
g4
= io-"~' .
(12)
P Htg,
g+++H. c.
'(p')
mA,
(14)
10
13(p')'"
BLACK BOX
ct
I
I
l
I
4/
FIG. 2. Diagram showing how any neutrinoless
double-P decay process induces a v, -to-v, transition,
that is, an effective Majorana mass term.
(13)
2953
10-6d
where we have taken y =1 eV. Thus an intermediate scale d =10 GeV could make the new diagrams important.
To sum up we can say that while neutrinoless
diagrams might not be dominant, a careful analysis
of (PP}cdecays should really take into account
g:
J. SCHECHTER
nonzero mass. Essentially all one needs is to assume that the weak interactions are described by a
local gauge theory. In this framework crossing
symmetry will hold so the existence of (PP)o implies a nonzero amplitude for the virtual process
+uudde e. This is shown in Fig. 2, where the
0
"black box" may contain any mechanism whatsoever for generating (PP)o. Now any realistic
gauge theory will include the ordinary 8'-gaugefield interaction with the left-handed electron and
neutrino and with the u and d quarks. Using four
of these vertices and connecting the lines together
as in Fig. 2 shows that we develop an amplitude
which gives a nonzero Majorana mass for the electron neutrino.
One might object that some other diagram might
precisely cancel' Fig. 2, but this would clearly in-
ml(p').
AND
J. W. F. VALLE
25
of the first