1qxBenchmark#5:AnsweringYourResearchQuestions

DueDate:May13,2016

Directions:
UsingyourresearchandCornellNotes,use
thebest
informationyoufoundfrom
yoursourcestoansweryourresearchquestions.Followthestepsbelow:
1) mpyandpastethesourcesyouusedforyournotesintotheSourceboxandnumber
eachsource
2) Takethequestionsyouusedduringyourresearchandpasteonequestionintoeachrow
onthelefthandside
3) Answerthequestionsontherighthandsideofthetable(providesourcenumbersfor
whereyoufoundyouranswers)
4) Figureoutwhatyouandyourgroupstillneedstolearnandresearchmoreaboutand
whatnewquestionsyouhave.

Mr.RutherfordsExample:

Sources
1)
http://education.nationalgeographic.org/activity/technologyandcontrolancientrom
e/
2)
http://rome.mrdonn.org/achievements.html
3)
http://rome.mrdonn.org/romanroads.html
4)
http://www.knowtheromans.co.uk/Categories/SubCatagories/Inventions/
5)
http://www.history.com/news/historylists/10innovationsthatbuiltancientrome
6)
http://www.historyforkids.net/romanscience.html
7)
http://www.scientiareview.org/pdfs/258.pdf
8)
http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_roman_engineering.php
9)
http://www.ngkids.co.uk/history/10factsabouttheancientRomans
10)
http://www.dkfindout.com/us/history/ancientrome/

QuestionsandAnswers:
1)Whatinventions/innovations TheRomansinventedandinnovatedaqueducts,roads,arches,
didtheancientRomans
amphitheatersandconcrete.(Sources1,3,5)TheRomansalso
create?
inventedandinnovatedsewersystemsandtheJulianCalendar
(Sources2,4)

Whatdoyoustillneedtolearnmoreabout?
Questionyoustillhave:

HowweretheRomaninventionsbuilt?
WhatmaterialsdidtheRomansusetobuildthese
inventions

Informationyoustillneedtolearn

Istillneedtolearnmoreabouthowthese
inventionsworkedandwhattheywereusedfor.
Ialsoneedtofindoutthecausesofbuildingthese

inventionsandinnovationsandtheeffectsthese
innovationshadonRomans
.

TheInside
YourWork

Sources
1
http://www.history.com/news/historylists/10innovationsthatbuiltancientrome

2
http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_roman_engineering.php

3
http://media.education.nationalgeographic.com/assets/file/Roman_Technology_Gallery_Walk.pdf

QuestionsandAnswers:
Questions

Answers(Source#)

1.
WhatdidtheAncientRomans
inventtosurvive?

TheycreatedaqueductsandRomanroadsandarches,sewersystem.
TheycreatedBridges,andconcretetomakethebridgesandthe
aqueducts

2.
Howweretheinventionsmade?

Theybuiltaqueductswithstoneandconcreteandtheyputthemontop
ofarchestheyweremadeoutofconcretetheyusewoodtobuildthe
arches.Roadswerepavedusingtoolsandamixtureofconcrete,sand,
rocks,gravel.

3.
WhydidtheRomansmake
theseinventions?

TheRomansneedaccesstofreshwaterfromplacesthatwerefaraway
suchasmountainsandsprings.Arches.Archeswereusedtomake
bridgesandaqueductsstronger.Roadsweremadeforthemilitaryand
safereasiertravel.

4.
Whatwastheeffectofthese
inventions?

TheaqueductshelpedtheRomansgetaccesstofreshwaterfromfar
awayplaceslikethemountainsintothecity.TheRoads/highways
helpedtheRomansbyallowingthemilitarytohavequickerandeasier
accesstopatroltheEmpire.Roads/highwaysalsohelpedtheRomans
bymakingtravelingmoresafeandquickwhichhelpedtheireconomy.
Archeshelpedtheaqueductsstaystrongandholdmorethanitsown
weightwhichtookawaythelargecolumnsthatwerebeingused.
ConcretehelpedtheRomansbuildaqueducts,Arches,roads,bridges

ADDMOREROWSFORQUESTIONSIFYOUNEEDTO.

Whatdoyoustillneedtolearnmoreabout?
Questionsyoustillhave:
Howweretheinventionsbuilt?
Wheredidtheygetthematerials
from?Whatmaterialswereused?
Howweretheroadsconstructed?

Informationyoustillneedtolearn
Whattoolswereused?

Source:
Thenaturecompany
DiscoverieslibraryAncient
romepage26.

Thenaturecompany
DiscoverieslibraryAncient
romepage36

http://www.mariamilani.co
m/ancient_rome/rome_buil
ding_materials.htm

WhatdidIfindout?

WhatdoIstillneedto
find

TheRomansused

certaintoolsmadeof
Irontohelpthembuild
inventions.somehad
woodenhandles.thetools
theyusedaresimilarin
shapetomodern
tools.(source#1)
Roadconstruction
beganbydigginga
ditchthenthiswas
filledwithsandand
thenwithsmallstone
andgravelmixedwith
concretepavingstone
werelaidontopand
milestonesetinplace
tomark
distances.(source#2)
The Romans used a
widevarietyofmaterials
ranging from chalk and
sand
through
to
pozzolanic
concrete.Debris, broken
pottery would be mixed
with mortar in order to

fill wallsections.Pumice
stone
mixed
with
concrete in order to
render it lighter and so
on.
Stone was clearly animportant
material for construction and
the Romans were skilled in
quarrying it and in using the
different types of stone in
different types of application.
Marblewould clearlybeusedto
decorate surfaces, lime and
sandstone would be used for
pedestrian areas subjected to
lightwear whilstbasalticlavaor
graniteswould beemployedfor
usessubjectedtogreatstress.

AswithstonetheRomanswere
extremelyadvancedintheir
knowledgeanduseofdifferent
typesofwood.Anotheruseof
woodwasinmachineryofwar
andforconstructionpurposes.
Itwasinthesecasesthatthe
deepknowledgeofthematerial
enabledthismachineryto
undertaketheextreme
conditionsandloadstowhichit
wassubjected.
The use of terracotta and
ceramics allowed an immense
degree of freedom in a wide
range of areas of construction
such as the tiling of roofs,
waterproofing of pools,making
vessels in which to carry and
store materials and most
importantly for making bricks
and pipes. Ceramics wereeven
used to substitute wood in the
constructionof trussesto build
arches.(source#3)