Bang Tong Hop Kien Thuc

Tc gi: V t Li
Cn c b thng minh;
Tri thc lm nn gi tr con ngi;
Kt qu bt ngun t hnh ng, hnh ng bt ngun t thc, thc bt ngun
t nhn thc, nhn thc bt ngun t tri thc, tri thc bt ngun t hc tp;
TNG HP KIN THC
C Lao Dung Sc Trng:

Thng 8/2014
V t Li voutloi84@yahoo.com.vn
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
MC LC
CHNG 1. TNG QUAN ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Mt s phn mm phc v cho ngnh xy dng dn dng v cng nghip ........................... 1
1.2 Mt s tiu chun Vit Nam trong lnh vc xy dng .......................................................... 1
1.3 Phn cp, phn loi cng trnh xy dng.............................................................................. 2
1.4 Bng chuyn i n v k thut c sang h n v SI ......................................................... 2
1.5 Chuyn i n v o lng ................................................................................................ 3
1.5.1 Bi s v c s ca h n v SI. ................................................................................. 3
1.5.2 Chuyn i n v thng thng. ................................................................................... 3
1.5.3 Chuyn i n v US (Anh) sang h SI. ....................................................................... 4
1.6 Mt s i lng ................................................................................................................. 6
1.7 Mt s t ting Anh trong xy dng .................................................................................... 6
1.8 Cch nh v gc vung: ...................................................................................................... 6
1.9 Cch tnh ni suy: ................................................................................................................ 7
1.10 Bng trng lng ring ca mt s vt liu ........................................................................ 8
1.11 Bng ch ci v ch s La M ......................................................................................... 11
1.12 La chn tit din dy dn ............................................................................................... 12
1.13 Biu m men .............................................................................................................. 14
1.14 Tng hp cc dng biu m men v lc ct................................................................. 20
1.15 Cc cng thc tnh din tch, th tch ............................................................................... 25
1.16 Cc ph lc ..................................................................................................................... 27
1.17 nh mc ........................................................................................................................ 27
1.18 Ni ct thp ..................................................................................................................... 29
1.19 Neo ct thp .................................................................................................................... 29
CHNG 2. PHN KIN TRC .............................................................................................. 31
2.1 H thng mun ................................................................................................................ 31
2.2 Xc nh kch thc c bn trong kin trc........................................................................ 31
2.3 Phn loi mng.................................................................................................................. 31
2.4 Nn nh ............................................................................................................................. 31
2.5 Tng gch: ...................................................................................................................... 32
2.6 Cc b phn ca tng ...................................................................................................... 32
2.7 Nn mng:......................................................................................................................... 33
2.8 Cu thang .......................................................................................................................... 33
2.8.1 Chiu rng ca thn thang ........................................................................................... 33
2.8.2 dc v kch thc bc thang ................................................................................... 33
2.9 Mi nh ............................................................................................................................. 34
2.10 H ging: ......................................................................................................................... 34
2.11 Thng s cc phng: ........................................................................................................ 35
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
2.12 Thit b ............................................................................................................................ 35

2.13 Thot nc ...................................................................................................................... 36
2.14 Ca: chiu cao trong mt tng nh, mt trn nn ly bng nhau ....................................... 36
2.14.1 Phn loi.................................................................................................................... 36
2.14.2 Ca s ....................................................................................................................... 36
2.14.3 Ca i:....................................................................................................................... 37
2.15 B tng ct thp ............................................................................................................ 39
2.16 Xi mng: ......................................................................................................................... 41
2.17 Lp b tng bo v: ......................................................................................................... 42
2.18 Cu kin chu un (dm, bn sn, cu thang, lanh t, panen,) ....................................... 43
2.18.1 Bn ............................................................................................................................ 43
2.18.2 Dm........................................................................................................................... 44
2.19 Cu kin chu nn (ct ca khung, thanh nn ca dn, thn vm, ng khi,) ................ 44
2.20 Cc .................................................................................................................................. 46
2.21 Cc kt cu chuyn dng trong b tng ct thp............................................................... 47
2.22 B t hoi ........................................................................................................................ 48
2.23 Khung b tng ton khi.................................................................................................. 48
CHNG 3. BNG TRA THNG S K THUT VT T .................................................. 49
3.1 ng nha uPVC Bnh Minh .............................................................................................. 49
3.2 Bng tra trng lng thp .................................................................................................. 50
3.3 T l pha mu sn (%)....................................................................................................... 57
3.4 n v cng, ca ................................................................................................................. 57
CHNG 4. S DNG PHN MM REVIT ARCHITECTURE............................................. 58
4.1 Mo s dng Revit Architecture ........................................................................................ 58
CHNG 5. S DNG PHN MM AUTOCAD ................................................................... 59
5.1 Mo s dng autocad......................................................................................................... 59
CHNG 6. S DNG PHN MM PHOTOSHOP................................................................ 60
6.1 Mo s dng Photoshop .................................................................................................... 60
CHNG 7. S DNG PHN MM 3DS MAX ..................................................................... 61
7.1 Mo s dng 3Ds Max ...................................................................................................... 61
CHNG 8. HC TING ANH ................................................................................................ 62
8.1 Pht m ch ci: ................................................................................................................ 62
8.2 c s: .............................................................................................................................. 63
8.3 c ngy trong tun: ......................................................................................................... 64
8.4 c thng: ......................................................................................................................... 64
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
CHNG 1. TNG QUAN

1.1 Mt s phn mm phc v cho ngnh xy dng dn dng v cng nghip
Stt
Tn phn mm
Din gii
AutoCad Structural Detailing
To bn v b tng ct thp, thp t ng
Revit
V kin trc xy dng m hnh 3D, kt cu, c in
Robot Structural Analysis
Tnh ni lc kt cu, kim tra kt cu
Navisworks Manage
Kim tra xung t, m phng tin
Advance Steel
To bn v nh thp, thng k vt liu
Advance Concrete
To bn v b tng ct thp, thng k vt liu
Showcase
Rendering nhanh, trnh din
Lumion
Kt xut, rendering
Better WMF
Chuyn nh t CAD sang Word
10
Microsoft Project
Lp, qun l tin ,
11
Solid Converter PDF v5.0
Chuyn i t file dpf sang Word
12
ColorSchemer Studio
Ly thng s mu
1.2 Mt s tiu chun Vit Nam trong lnh vc xy dng

Stt
Tn tiu chun
Din gii
TCVN 5574 - 2012
Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k
TCVN 9362 - 2012
Tiu chun thit k nn nh v cng trnh
TCVN 9361 - 2012
Cng tc nn mng Thi cng v nghim thu
TCVN 2737 - 1995
Ti trng v tc ng Tiu chun thit k
TCVN 4453 - 1995
Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi Quy phm

thi cng v nghim thu
TCXDVN 338 - 2005
Kt cu thp Tiu chun thit k
TCVN 9395 - 2012
Cc khoan nhi Thi cng v nghim thu
TCXDVN 323 - 2004
Nh cao tng Tiu chun thit k
TCXDVN 353 - 2005
Nh lin k Tiu chun thit k
10
TCXDVN 390 - 2007
Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp Tiu chun

thi cng v nghim thu
11
TCVN 10304 2014
Mng cc Tiu chun thit k
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
1.3 Phn cp, phn loi cng trnh xy dng

(Ban hnh km theo Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph)
Bng 1.1
Loi cng trnh
Cp cng trnh
M
s
Cp c bit
Cp I
Cp II
Cp III
I-1
Cng trnh dn dng

a) Nh chung c
Nh
Cp IV
Bng 1.2
Stt
b) Nh ring l
Chiu cao
30 tng
hoc tng
din tch sn
(TDTS)
>15.000m
Chiu cao
20-29 tng
hoc
(TDTS)
10.000 <15.000m
Chiu cao Chiu cao

9-19 tng
4-8 tng
hoc
hoc
(TDTS)
(TDTS)
5.000 1.000 <10.000m <10.000m
Chiu cao
3 tng
hoc
(TDTS)
<1.000m
Cp cng trnh
Din gii
Cp I
Tui th > 100 nm, vt liu BTCT hoc cc vt liu

tng ng c dng thit k cc b phn kt
cu chnh: mng, ct, dm, sn...
Cp II
Tui th > 80 nm
Cp III
Tui th > 50 nm
Cp IV
Tui th > 20 nm
1.4 Bng chuyn i n v k thut c sang h n v SI

Theo quy nh ca quc t, cc n v o c bn: chiu di l mt (m), thi gian l giy (s),
khi lng l kilogam (kg), lc l Niuton (N)
1kG = 1daN = 10N (N: newton)
1kN = 1.000N = 100kG (kN: kilo newton)
1Tn = 10kN = 1.000kG
1Pa = 1N/m = 0,1kG/m (Pa: pascal)
1kPa = 1.000N/m = 100kG/m (kPa: Kilo pascal)
1MPa = 1.000.000Pa = 1.000kPa = 100.000kG/m = 10kG/cm = 1N/mm (MPa: mega pascal)
1kG/m = 9,81Pa = 10N/m = 1daN/m (daN: deca newton)
1m3 = 1.000dm = 1.000 lt = 1Tn
1MN = 1.000kN = 1.000.000N (MN: mega newton)
1oC = 273,15oK (K: kelvin; C: Celsius)
1kGf/m = 9,81N/m = 9,81Pa 10N/m
1kW = 1,341HP; 1HP = 1/1,341 = 0,746kW (kW: kilo watt; HP: horse power - Sc nga)
1In (phn Anh) = 2,54cm
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
1Pa = 1N/m = 0,1 kG/m

1Bar = 105 Pa = 0,981 kG/cm
1.5 Chuyn i n v o lng

1.5.1 Bi s v c s ca h n v SI.
Stt
1
Tn
K hiu
giga
ln
Din gii
1.000.000.000
1.000.000
10
mega
10
kilo
103
1.000
hecto
102
100
deca
da
10
10
deci
-1
0,1
-2
10
centi
10
0,01
mili
10-3
0,001
micro
10-6
0,000.001
-9
10
nano
10
0,000.000.001
1.5.2 Chuyn i n v thng thng.

Stt
i lng
Tn
K hiu
Chuyn i
Chiu di
kilomet
met
decimet
centimet
milimet
km
m
dm
cm
mm
= 1000m
1m = 10dm = 100cm = 1000mm
= 0,1m
= 0,01m
= 0,001m
Din tch
kilomet vung
hecta
met vung
decimet vung
centimet vung
km2
ha
m2
dm2
cm2
= 1.000.000m2 = 100ha = 10.000a

= 10.000m2 = 100a
= 100dm2
= 100cm2
= 100mm2
Th tch
met khi
decimet khi
hectolit
decalit
lit
m3
dm3
hl
dal
l
= 1000dm3 = 1.000.000cm3
= 1 lt
= 10 dal = 100 lt
= 10 lt
Khi lng
Tn
= 10 t = 100 yn = 1.000 kg
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
4
kilogam
gam
miligam
Trng lng th tch
Lc
khi lng x gia tc
p sut, ng sut
lc / din tch
Nng lng,
cng, nhit lng
mega niuton
kilo niuton
niuton
MN
kN
N
= 1.000.000N
= 1000N; 1Tf = 9,81KN 10KN
= 1kgf = 9,81N 10N = 1kg.m/s2
pascal
Pa
atmotphe
at
= 1N/m2
1kgf/m2 = 9,81N/m2 = 9,81Pa
10N/m2
1kgf/cm2 = 9,81.104N/m2
0,1MN/m2
= 1kgf/cm2 = ct nc cao 10m c
tit din ngang 1cm2 4oC
megajule
kilojule
jule
milijule
kilocalo
MJ
kJ
J
mJ
Kcal
= 1.000.000J
= 1000J = 0,239 Kcal
= 1Nm
= 0,001J
= 427kgm = 1,1636Wh
1 m lc gi = 270.000kgm
= 632Kcal
mega oat
kilo oat
MW
kW
= 1.000.000W
= 1000W = 1000J/s = 1,36 m lc
= 0,239 Kcal/s
= 0,764 kW
= 1 J/s
= 0,001W
kilomet/gi
met/giy
11 Tn s (chu k/giy ) hec

12 Nhit
= 1000 g
= 1000 mg
= 0,001 g
1kgf/m3 = 9,81N/m3 10N/m3
1Tf/m3 = 9,81KN/m3 10KN/m3
Cng sut
nng lng/thi gian m lc
oat
mili oat
10 Tc
kg
g
mg
Kelvin
Celcius
hp
W
mW
km/h
m/s
= 0,278 m/s
Hz
= 1s-1
K
C
= 273,15oK
1.5.3 Chuyn i n v US (Anh) sang h SI.

Bng 1
Stt
i lng
Tn
K hiu
Chuyn i
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
Chiu di
mile ( dm Anh )
yard ( thc Anh )
foot ( b Anh )
inch ( phn Anh )
mile
yd
ft
in
= 1609 m
= 0,9144 m
= 0,3048 m
= 2,5400 cm
Din tch
square mile (dm vung)

acre ( mu vung )
square yard (thc vung)
square foot ( b vung )
sq.mile
ac
sq.yd
sq.ft
= 259 ha = 2.590.000 m2
= 4047 m2
= 0,836 m2
= 0,0929 m2
Th tch
cubic yard ( thc khi )

cubic foot ( b khi )
cubic inch ( phn khi )
cu.yd
cu.ft
cu.in
= 0,7646 m3
= 28.32 dm3
= 16,387 cm3
Khi lng
Long ton
short ton
pound
ounce
tn.lg
tn.sh
lb
oz
= 1016 kg
= 907,2 kg
= 0,454 kg
= 28,35 g
Bng 2
Stt
i t n v US
sang n v SI
nhn vi
n v US
n v SI
i t n v SI
sang n v US
nhn vi
25,40000 .
in ( inches )
mm
0,03970 .
0,30480 .
Ft ( Feet )
3,28100 .
654,20000 .
in
mm
1,55 x 10-3 .
16,39.103 .
in3
mm3
61,02 x 10-6 .
416,20.103 .
in4
mm4
2,403 x 10-6 .
0,09290 .
Ft2
m2
10,76000 .
0,02832 .
Ft
35,31000 .
0,45360 .
Lb ( khi lng )
Kg
2,20500 .
4,44800 .
Lb ( lc )
0,22480 .
10
4,44800 .
Kip ( lc )
kN
0,22480 .
11
1,35600 .
Lb-ft ( m men )
Nm
0,73760 .
12
1,35600 .
Kip-ft ( m men )
kNm
0,73760 .
13
1,48800 .
Lb/ft ( khi lng )
Kg/m
0,67200 .
14
14,59000 .
Lb/ft ( ti trng )
N/m
0,06858 .
15
14,59000 .
Kip/ft ( ti trng )
kN/m
0,06858 .
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
16
6,89500 .
psi ( ng sut )
kPa
0,14500 .
17
6,89500 .
ksi ( ng sut )
MPa
0,14500 .
18
0,04788 . Psf ( ti trng, p lc )
kPa
20,93000 .
19
47,88000 . Ksf ( ti trng, p lc )
kPa
0,02093 .
20
0,566 x ( oF 32 ) .
( 1,8 x oC ) + 32 .
Ghi ch :
1 kip = 1000 lb
psi = lb/in2
ksi = kip/in2
psf = lb/ft2
ksf = kip/ft2
pcf = lb/ft3
1.6 Mt s i lng
Stt
i lng
K hiu
Gi tr
S Pi
3,14159
C s t nhin e
2,7182818
Gia tc trng trng g
9,81 m/s2
1.7 Mt s t ting Anh trong xy dng

Stt
Ting Anh
Ting Vit
K hiu
Meter
Mt
Square meter
Mt vung
m2
Cubic merter
Mt khi
m3
Joule
Jun
Watt
Ot
kelvin
Degree Celsius
1.8 Cch nh v gc vung:

Kim tra 2 ng cho hnh ch nht bng nhau th cc gc hnh ch nht vung.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
10
8000
0
00
90
6000
- S dng cng thc trong tam gic vung:

- o 60 cm, 80 cm v 100 cm nh v gc vung
- i vi hnh ch nht, kim tra vung hay khng th o hai ng cho, nu bng nhau
th vung
1.9 Cch tnh ni suy:

3
=?
1,07
1,07
?
?=
1
- Phng php: p dng nh l tam gic ng dng:

43
53
4 3. 1,07 1 5 3. ? 1
? 1 1,07 1
4 3. 1,07 1 ? 1 ? 1 4 3. 1,07 1 1,035

5 3
5 3
V d: Ct in b tng ly tm di 14m, c cc kch thc nh sau: ng knh y l
377mm, ng knh ngn l 190mm. Yu cu tnh ng knh ct t y ln 2,4m.

CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
8
Gii
Lp bng sau:
14.000
2.400
190
? 190
2.400 14.000. 377 190 344,94

0 14.000
377
1.10 Bng trng lng ring ca mt s vt liu

Stt
Tn vt liu, sn phm
n v
Trng lng (kg)
B tng Atphan ht mn
2.000
B tng Atphan ht th
2.300
B tng ct thp
2.400 2.500
B tng gch v
1.600
B tng khng thp
2.200
Ct kh
1.500
Ct t
2.000
Ct ht nh (ct en)
1.200
Ct ht va (ct vng)
1.400
10
Ch
11.400
11
Ca knh khung g
25
12
Ca knh khung thp
40
13
Ca thp khung thp
45
14
Ca vn g (pano)
30
15
ct kt
2.400
16
c nguyn khai
2.750
17
dm 0,5 v 2 cm
1.600
18
dm 3 v 8 cm
1.550
19
hc 15 cm
1.500
20
granite ( Hoa Cng)
2.700
21
t st
1.925
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
22
t hu c
1.300
23
t pha ct
2.000
24
t pha st
2.200
25
t ri
1.800
26
t tht
1.400
27
Du ha
0,8
28
ng
8.730
29
ng thau
8.425
30
Gch bng 20x20x2 cm
vin
1,8
31
Gch l nem nung 20x20x2 cm
vin
1,2
32
Gch men 15x15x1 cm
vin
1,0
33
Gch vn
34
Gch th 5x10x20 cm
vin
1,6
35
Gch th 4x8x19 cm
vin
1,0
36
Gch rng 4 l vung 20x9x9 cm
vin
1,45
37
Gang
7.200
38
G nhm I - II
800 1400
39
G nhm III - IV - V
600 800
40
Km
6.838
41
Khi xy hc
2.400
42
Khi xy gch c l
1.500
43
Khi xy gch c
1.800
44
Khi xy gch x than
1.300
45
Knh dy 1 mm
2,5
46
Knh dy 1,5 mm
3,75
47
Knh dy 2 mm
48
Knh dy 3 mm
7,5
49
Knh dy 4 mm
10
1.350
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
10
50
Knh dy 5 mm
12
51
Knh dy 7 mm
17,5
52
Knh dy 10 mm
25
53
Mi Fibr xi mng n tay g
25
54
Mi Fibr xi mng n tay thp hnh
30
55
Mi ngi n tay g
60
56
Mi tole n tay g
15
57
Mi tole thic n tay thp hnh
20
58
Ngi my loi 13 v/m
vin
3,1
59
Ngi my loi 15 v/m
vin
60
Ngi my loi 22 v/m
vin
2,1
61
Nhm
2.700
62
Nc ngt
1.000
63
Nc mn
1.025
64
Sn dm BTCT vi 1 cm chiu dy
25
65
Sn dm g, vn sn g
40
66
Si cc loi
1,56
67
Thp
7.850
68
Trn g dn dm g
20
69
Trn li st t h
90
70
Trn vn p dm g
30
71
Tng 10 gch ng
180
72
Tng 10 gch th
200
73
Tng 20 gch ng
330
74
Tng 20 gch th
400
75
Tm fibr xi mng sng
15
76
Tn sng
77
Vng
19.500
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
11
78
Vi bt
1.450
79
Vi ti nhuyn
1.350
80
Va vi tam hp
1.650
81
Va ximng - ct
1.600
82
Va vi
1.750
83
Va tam hp
1.800
84
Va b tng
2.350
85
Xng
0,74
86
Xi mng
1.700
1.11 Bng ch ci v ch s La M
Bng ch ci
Bng ch s
Stt
K t
Tn gi La m
Tn gi Vit Nam
Alpha
Anfa
Beta
Bta
II
Gamma
Gama
III
Delta
enta
IV
Epsilon
Epxilon
Zeta
Zta
VI
Eta
ta
VII
Theta
Tta
VIII
Iota
Ita
IX
10
Kappa
Kapa
10
11
Lambda
Lamda
20
XX
12
Mu
Muy
30
XXX
13
Nu
Nuy
40
XL
14
Xi
Kxi
50
15
Omicron
mikrn
60
LX
16
Pi
Pi
70
LXX
S Vit Nam
S La M
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
12
17
Rho
80
LXXX
18
Sigma
Xicma
90
XC
19
Tau
100
20
Upsilon
Ipxilon
200
CC
21
Phi
Fi
300
CCC
22
Chi
Khi
400
CD
23
Psi
Pxi
500
24
Omega
mga
600
DC
25
700
DCC
26
800
DCCC
27
900
CM
28
1.000
1.12 La chn tit din dy dn

Cng sut chu ti ca dy VC, CV, CVV (Dy n cng 1 rut) dy ng
Tit din rut dn
0,5 mm2
2
0,75 mm
2
1,0 mm
Cng sut chu ti
Tit din rut dn
Cng sut chu ti
0,8 kW
3 mm2
5,6 kW
1,3 kW
7,3 kW
8,7 kW
1,8 kW
2
4 mm
5 mm
1,25 mm
2,1 kW
6 mm
10,3 kW
1,5 mm2
2,6 kW
7 mm2
11,4 kW
2,0 mm2
3,6 kW
8 mm2
12,5 kW
2,5 mm2
4,4 kW
10 mm2
14,3 kW
Cng sut chu ti ca dy i mm VCm, VCmd, VCmx, VCmt, Vcmo (Dy mm)
Tit din rut dn
2
Cng sut chu ti
Tit din rut dn

2
Cng sut chu ti
0,5 mm
0,8 kW
2,5 mm
4,0 kW
0,75 mm2
1,2 kW
3,5 mm2
5,7 kW
1,0 mm2
1,7 kW
4,0 mm2
6,2 kW
1,25 mm2
2,1 kW
5,5 mm2
8,8 kW
2,4 kW
9,6 kW
1,5 mm
6,0 mm
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

2,0 mm2
13
3,3 kW
Cng sut chu ti ca dy VA dy nhm

Tit din rut dn
2
1,0 mm
1,5 mm
Cng sut chu ti
Tit din rut dn
1,0 kW
1,5 kW
Cng sut chu ti
5,5 kW
6,2 kW
5,0 mm
6,0 mm
2,0 mm
2,1 kW
7,0 mm
7,3 kW
2,5 mm2
2,6 kW
8,0 mm2
8,5 kW
3,0 mm2
3,4 kW
10 mm2
11,4 kW
4,0 mm2
4,2 kW
12 mm2
13,2 kW
Ta c th p dng cng thc sau tnh ton mt cch gn ng: S = I/J

Trong :
- S: l tit din dy dn, tnh bng mm2
- I: l dng in chy qua mt ct vung, tnh bng Ampere (A)
- J: l mt dng in cho php (A/mm2)
Mt dng in cho php ca dy ng J ~ 6A/mm2 (6.220/1000=1,32 kW/mm2)
Mt dng in cho php ca dy nhm J ~ 4,5 A/mm2 (4,5.220/1000=0,99 kW/mm2)
tnh tit din dy dn (i vi in p 220V): S
Socongsuat
1,32
P
( A) . Ghi ch: thng thng cos() ly
U . cos( )
bng 0,85; gi tr I tnh c phi nhn vi 1,4 chn CB.
- Cch tnh Ampe (A): P = U.I.cos()=> I
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
14
1.13 Biu m men

Stt
S ti trng
Mmen un v lc ct
R V ..
M max (at fixed end) ....
Pl
M x ...
Px
f max (at free end)
Pl 3
3EJ
f x .
P
( 2l 3 3l 2 x x 3 )
6 EJ
R V ..
wl
Vx
wx
M max (at fixed end)
wl 2
2
M x ..
wx 2
2
f max (at free end)
wl 4
8 EJ
f x .
w
( x 4 4l 3 x 3l 4 )
24 EJ
P
R
x
1
Shear
M max
Moment
l
wl
R
x
V
Shear
M max
Moment
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
15
l
wl
R
x
V
Shear
R V ...
wl
2
Vx .........
wx
2
M max (at fixed end) .....
wl 2
6
M x ...
wx 3
6l
f max (at free end)
wl 4
30 EJ
R V ..
P
2
M max (at point of load) ..
Pl
4
M x (When x
l
) .
2
Px
2
M x (When x
l
) .
2
P( l x )
2
f max (at point of load)
Pl 3
48 EJ
l
)
2
Px
( 3l 3 4 x 2 )
48EJ
M max
Moment
l
x
R
V
V
Shear
f x (When x
M max
Moment
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
16
R1 V1 (Max when a b )..
Pb
l
R2 V2 (Max when a b ).
Pa
l
M max (at point of load) .
Pab
l
M x (When x b )..
Pbx
l
Pab( a 2b ) 3a( a 2b )
27 EJ .l
M max f a (at point of load) ...
Pa 2 b 2
3EJ .l
f x (when x < a) .........
Pbx 2
( l b2 x 2 )
6 EJ .l
f x (when x > a) .........
Pa( l x )
( 2lx x 2 a 2 )
6 EJ .l
R V .........................
M max (between loads ) ..
Pa
M x (When x < a ) .
Px
f max (at center) .
Pa
( 3l 2 4a 2 )
24 EJ
f x (When x < a)
Px
( 3la 3a 2 x 2 )
6 EJ
f x (When x > a & < (l a )
Pa
( 3lx 3x 2 a 2 )
6 EJ
l
x
R1
R2
V1
V2
Shear
f max (at x
a( a 2b )
3
when a > b)
Moment
l
x
R
a
V
V
Shear
M max
Moment
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
17
R V .........................
wl
Vx ..............................
w x
2
M max (at center ) ..
wl 2
8
M x .
wx
(l x)
2
f max (at center) .
5wl 4
384 EJ
f x .
wx
( l 3 2lx 2 x 3 )
24 EJ
R1 V1 ........................
wa
( 2l a )
2l
R2 V2 ........................
wa 2
2l
Vx (When x < a ) ...............
R1 wx
wl
2
V
Shear
M max
Moment
l
a
wa
R1
R2
x
M max (at x
V1
8
Shear
V2
R1
w
R1
)
w
wx 2
2
M x (When x < a )
R1 x
M x (When x > a )
R2 ( l x )
M max f x (When x < a )

Moment
R
1
2w
wx
a 2 ( 2l a )2 2ax 2 ( 2l a ) lx 3
24EJ
f x (When x > a ) ..
wa 2 ( l x )
4 xl 2 x 2 a 2
24 EJ
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
18
l
x
w
R V ........................
wl
4
l
)...............
2
w 2
( l 4x2 )
4l
M max (at center ) .
wl 2
24
Vx (When x
M x (When x
9
l
).............
2
wx( 0 ,5
V
Shear
2x2
)
3l 2
f max (at center) .
wl 4
120 EJ
f x ..
wx
( 5l 2 4 x 2 )2
480 EJl 2
R V ........................
w
(l a)
2
M max (at center ) .
l2 a2
w
8 6
M max
Moment
l
x
R
a
V
Shear
10
M max
Moment
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
19
V
V
R V ........................
M max (at center ) ..
Pa
M x
P( a x )
f min
R V ........................
P a
2
V1 ...............................
P( a x )
V2 ...............................
P( x
Pal 2
8 EJ
Shear
11
M max
Moment
x
wl
R
a
R
a
V M max (at center ) ..

V1
Shear
M1
( a x )2
2
M 1
P 2
( a lx x 2 )
2
f max ..
Pl 2 5 5
2
l 3a
48 EJ 8
Moment
P l2
a2
24
M
M
12
l
)
2
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
20
1.14 Tng hp cc dng biu m men v lc ct

Biu m men
Biu lc ct
Dm 1 nhp
M min
M min
M max
q .l 2
8
M max
q .l 2
8
M max
q .l 2
8
M max
9q .l 2
128
q .l 2
8
q .l 2
12
M min
M max
M min
q .l 2
12
q .l 2
24
q.l 2
2
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
21
Dm 2 nhp
M men
Lc ct
M men
Lc ct
M men
Lc ct
M men
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
22
Lc ct
Dm 3 nhp
M men
Lc ct
M men
Lc ct
M men
Lc ct
Dm 4 nhp
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
23
Dm chu ti tp trung
S ti
M men
Lc ct
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
24
S ti
M men
Lc ct
S n
Cu thang
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
25
1.15 Cc cng thc tnh din tch, th tch

Stt
Hnh hc
Cng thc tnh

ton
Hnh v
Hnh vung
C 4.a
a
S a .a
ng dng thng
gp
Tnh khi lng cc
kt cu c dng
hnh vung
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
26
Hnh ch nht
S a .b
C ( a b ).2
S
3
Tam gic
Hnh vnh khuyn
.d 2
.R 2
4
C .2.R .d
Tnh khi lng cc

kt cu c dng
Tnh khi lng cc

kt cu c dng
hnh tam gic
Hnh trn
vn khun, trt, lt,

lng, p, sn.
2h
3
(C: trng tm)
C
a .h
2
Tnh khi lng:
hnh trn
.( D 2 d 2 ) Tnh khi lng cc

kt cu c dng
4
hnh vnh khuyn
Hnh thang
ab
S
.h
2
a
7
Hnh lp phng
V a3
S sq 4.a 2
Tnh khi lng cc

kt cu c dng
hnh thang
Tnh th tch cc
kt cu c dng
hnh lp phng
Hnh hp
V a .b.c
Tnh th tch b
tng mng, dm.
S 2.( ac bc )
h
.( a .b ( a c ).( b d ) c.d
6
Tnh khi lng o t mng, b
h
9
ng ct
tng mng
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
27
h
V
10
ng
.hD 2 d 2
4
Tnh ct in, ng
rng.
S xq .h .D
Ghi ch: C l chu vi; S l din tch; V l th tch
1.16 Cc ph lc
Ph lc 1: M un n hi ca b tng nng (Ebx10-3, MPa)
Cp bn chu nn ca b tng
Trng thi
B12,5
B15
B20
B25
B30
B35
B40
B45
ng rn t nhin
21
23
27
30
32,5
34,5
36
37,5
Dng h nhit p
sut kh quyn
19
20,5
24
25
29
31
32,5
34
16
17
20
22,5
24,5
26
27
28
Chng p
Ph lc 2: Cng tiu chun ca b tng nng (Rbn, Rbtn, MPa)

v cng tnh ton ca b tng nng khi tnh ton theo TTGH th hai (Rb,ser; Rbt,ser;
MPa)
Trng thi
B12,5
B15
B20
B25
B30
B35
B40
B45
Nn dc trc Rbn; Rb,ser
9,5
11
15
18,5
22
25,5
29
30
Ko dc trc Rbtn; Rbt,ser
1,15
1,4
1,6
1,8
1,95
2,1
2,2
Ph lc 3: Cng tnh ton gc ca b tng nng khi tnh theo TTHG th nht
(Rb, Rbt, MPa)
Trng thi
B12,5
B15
B20
B25
B30
B35
B40
B45
Nn dc trc Rb
7,5
8,5
11,5
14,5
17
19,5
22
25
Ko dc trc Rbt
0,66
0,75
0,9
1,05
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,45
Ph lc 17. Gi tr p lc gi Wo (daN/m)
Vng p lc gi trn bn
Wo (daN/m)
IB IIB IIIB
IVB
VB IA IIA IIIA
65
155
185 55
95
125
83
110
1.17 nh mc
1.2.1.2. nh mc cp phi vt liu cho 1m3 b tng
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
28
- st: 2 4 cm
- dmax = 20mm [(40 70)% c 0,5x1 cm v (60 30)% c 1x2 cm]
M
hiu
C312
Mc b tng
Thnh phn
hao ph
n
v
150
200
250
300
350
400
Xi mng
kg
233
281
327
374
425
439
Ct vng
m3
0,51
0,493
0,475
0,457
0,432
0,444
dm
m3
0,903
0,891
0,881
0,872
0,86
0,865
Nc
lt
185
185
185
185
187
174
Ph gia
do ha
Ph gia
2
V d: S dng b tng M200 1x2, st 2- 4cm. Dng my trn b tng 250 lt, tnh mt
m trn bao nhiu vt liu, ong bng thng P 18 lt.
Gii
My trn b tng dung tch 250 lt, trong qu trnh thi cng d trn nn s dng < 3/4 th
tch my 187 lt. ong bng thng p 18 lt = 0,018 m3 (1m3 = 1.000 lt). Tnh cho 1/2 bao xi mng
50 kg.
= 25.0,493/281 = 0,0438 m3 ct 2,5 (thng 18 lt)
= 25.0,891/281 = 0,079 m3 1x2 4,5 (thng 18 lt)
= 25.185/281 = 16,5 lt nc 0,91 (thng 18 lt)
Vy: 2,5 + 4,5 + 0,91 = 7,91 thng p 142,4 lt
(Xe ra t ch dung tch 0,042 m3)
2.2.2. nh mc cp phi vt liu cho 1m3 va xi mng ct mn
- Ct c m un ln ML = 1,5 2,0
M
hiu
B222
Thnh phn
hao ph
Mc b tng
n
v
25
50
75
100
125
Xi mng
kg
96,1
176,02
247,02
320,03
389,04
Ct vng
m3
1,18
1,14
1,12
1,09
1,06
Nc
lt
260
260
260
260
260
V d: S dng va xi mng ct mn mc 75. Dng my trn b tng 250 lt, tnh mt m trn
bao nhiu vt liu, ong bng thng P 18 lt.
Gii
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
29
My trn b tng dung tch 250 lt, trong qu trnh thi cng d trn nn s dng < 3/4 th
tch my 187 lt. ong bng thng p 18 lt = 0,018 m3 (1m3 = 1.000 lt). Tnh cho 1/2 bao xi mng
50 kg.
= 25.1,12/247 = 0,11 m3 ct 6,3 (thng 18 lt)
= 25.260/247 = 26,3 lt nc 1,46 (thng 18 lt)
Vy: 6,3 + 1,46 = 7,76 thng p 140 lt
(Xe ra t ch dung tch 0,042 m3)
- Va xy mc M50, M75 nh hn va t trt mc M75, M100
1.18 Ni ct thp
- C th ni buc (chng) hoc hn on lan. Trong phm vi mi ni, s truyn lc thc hin
nh lc dnh gia b tng v ct thp, do khi thi cng cn ch n cht lng b tng trong
vng ny.
1.19 Neo ct thp
R
lan an s . an .d an .d
b Rb
Bng gi tr an = lan/d ng vi cc cp b tng

V tr
ct thp trong
b tng
Chu ko
lan 250mm
Chu nn
Nhm ct
thp
Gi tr an = lan/d ng vi cc cp b tng
B7,5
M100
B12,5
M150
B15
M200
B20
M250
B22,5
M300
B25
M350
C-I (A-I)
72
48
42
34
32
30
C-II (A-II)
56
38
34
28
27
25
C-III (A-III)
69
46
40
33
31
29
C-I (A-I)
49
33
29
24
22
20
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

lan 200mm
30
C-II (A-II)
40
27
24
20
19
18
C-III (A-III)
50
33
29
24
23
21
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
31
CHNG 2. PHN KIN TRC

2.1 H thng mun
+ Mun gc: thng dng M = 100 mm
+ Mun bi s: 3M, 6M, 9M, 12M, 15M, cho kch thc gian phng, chiu cao tng
nh,...
+ Mun c s: M/2, M/5, M/10, M/20, cho kch thc chi tit nh nh knh, tn,
2.2 Xc nh kch thc c bn trong kin trc

+ Xc nh kch thc trc mt bng: trc tng trn mt bng l tim trc ca tng, i
vi nh nhiu tng l tim tng ca tng cao nht
+ Xc nh kch thc chiu cao tng v trc mt ct:
+ Nh nhiu tng th ct cao ca tng tnh t mt trn ca cu kin sn (ct hon thin).
+ Nh mt tng c trn th ct cao ca tng tnh t mt di ca trn nh. Nh mt tng
khng c trn th ct cao tnh t mt di ca cu kin mi (b sung hnh)
2.3 Phn loi mng

+ Theo vt liu:
+ Mng cng: lm bng vt liu chu nn n thun nh gch, , b tng,
+ Mng mm: lm bng vt liu chu un tt (ko v nn) nh b tng ct thp,
+ Theo hnh thc chu lc:
+ Mng chu ti ng tm: hng truyn lc thng ng, t trn xung, trng vo trng tm
ca mng.
+ Mng chu ti lch tm: hng truyn lc khng i qua mt phng y mng.
+ Theo hnh dng:
+ Mng ct (mng n)
+ Mng bng
+ Mng b (mng ton din)
+ Mng cc: mng cc chng v mng cc ma st
+ V tr khe ln thng c t cc v tr:
+ Khi chiu di nh trn 40 m
+ Cng trnh chu ti trng chnh lch
+ Nn t yu, c ln khc nhau
+ Thi gian xy dng khc nhau
2.4 Nn nh
a.
b.
cao:
Nn nh mt tng ti thiu cao hn 300 mm
Nn nh nhiu tng ti thiu cao hn 450 mm
Mt sn:
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

-
32
Khi thi cng lt gch, ri lp va lt bng xi mng ct 1 : 3 dy t 2 2,5 cm.
2.5 Tng gch:

Trong kt cu nh dn dng tng chim vo khong 40 65% trng lng vt liu ton nh,
gi thnh chim khong 20 40% gi thnh ca nh.
+ Tnh cht c hc quan trng ca gch l cng ca gch, cng c c trng bng
mc gch. Mc gch l biu th cng ca gch khi chu nn. Cng trnh dn dng s dng
mc: 50, 75, 100, 125, 150
+ Gii hn cng chu ko ca gch ch bng t 5 10% gii hn cng chu nn.
+ Chiu dy mch va ngang ly bng 12mm; chiu dy mch va ng ly bng 10mm
+ Va xy mc t M50, M75, va t, trt mc t M75, M100. Mc va xy nh hn mc va
t trt, v va t trt cn kh nng bm dnh, kh nng chng thm cao hn.
+ Tng gch ng 110 xy gch 8x8x19 l 55 vin/m (mch va 10 mm)
a. Tng 60: thng dng phn chia khng gian nh nh khu v sinh, x, tm,
tiu,khng nn xy cao qu 1,2 m. Nu xy di hn 2 m phi lm ct tr, ti v tr tip gip
vi ct phi b tr ru thp 6 v dng va ximng xy. Tng 60 thng c xy vi
mc cao.
b. Tng 105 (tng 110): thng dng ngn chia khng gian cc phng trong cng
trnh, xy tng bao, tng ro. C th xy lng hoc st trn.
- Nu xy cao hn 2 m hoc st trn tng mt phi xy trn mng cu to hay dm,
cc tng trn phi xy trn dm.
- Nu xy lng, thp hn hoc bng 2 m th tng mt xy trc tip trn nn, cc tng
trn xy trc tip trn sn.
- Ch khng nn xy cao qu 4 m, nu xy cao t 2,5 m 3 m th nn c ging ngang,
nu xy di t 2,5 m 3 m th nn b tr tng cng bn vng cho tng.
c. Tng lan can: cao t 0,8 m 1 m bo v v trang tr. C th xy 105 hoc 60, pha
trn phi ging btng ct thp.
2.6 Cc b phn ca tng

a. Ging tng: ging tng thng c b tr di tm sn (nu l nh lp ghp) v
di ui mi (nu l nh 1 tng lp mi tn hoc lp ngi). i vi cng trnh c tng
tng i cao, c nhiu l ca, tng trn c ti trng ln th phi b tr thm ging tng
khong gia tng nh. Ging tng c tc dng ging gi ton b khi tng xy, lm bng
btng ct thp. Chiu rng ging tng bng chiu rng ca tng, chiu cao ly theo tnh
ton v chn gch, thng dy 70 mm tr ln, ct thp dng thp 8 tr ln.
b. Lanh t: l b phn nm pha trn ca s, ca i, trng,c tc dng mng tng
pha trn.
c. vng (mi ht): l b phn nm pha trn ca s, ca i dng che ma, nng ht
vo ca. vng lm bng btng ct thp, c th kt hp lin vi lanh t hay ri.
vng ua ra khng ln hn 1,2 m thng c cu to kiu cng xon, mt u ngm vo
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
33
tng, dy t 60 80 mm. Mt trn ca vng phi trt dc 1 2% thot nc, xung

quanh c g mc nc.
2.7 Nn mng:
Chiu su chn mng v loi mng do a cht ni xy dng, cao ca mc nc ngm, lc
tc ng nh mng v quyt nh chn gii php hp l chiu su chn mng nh nht v
tha mn cc yu cu v cng , n nh cho cng trnh. Bnh thng c chn > 600mm.
Xy dng nn mng thng chim khong 20 50% ca gi thnh ton b cng trnh.
a. Chiu su chn mng: ti trng ca cng trnh cng ln th mng cng phi chn su,
mng cng trnh mi phi t nng hoc ch bng mng cng trnh c. t cng yu
th mng cng phi t su.
Nn t tt: khi sc chu ti Rn > 2,0 kG/cm2 (20 tn/m2)
Nn t yu: khi sc chu ti Rn < 1,0 kG/cm2 (10 tn/m2)
2.8 Cu thang
2.8.1 Chiu rng ca thn thang
-
Nh : thng thng rng t 1 1,4 m

Nh cng nghip: t 1,2 1,8 m
Nh cng cng: t 1,4 2 m
2.8.2 dc v kch thc bc thang

-
Cng thc quan h chiu rng, chiu cao bc thang

l b 2hb 600 620 mm (b + h = 450 mm). Bc thang di cng thng rng hn 40
80 mm v thp hn 20 40 mm. Trong mt cu thang khng nn thay i dc.

- S bc trong mt t thang nn: 4 n 18 bc, tr cu thang ph v xon c.
-
dc cu thang: tg
hb
lb
Bng 1.1 Tng kt kch thc bc thang v dc (mm)

Phm vi
Cho php
Thng dng
Thch hp
Chiu cao (hb)
130 200
150 180
160 170
Chiu rng (lb)
200 330
210 300
260 280
dc (tg)
20 60
26 33
27 30
Thch hp nht l:
35 cho nh cng cng
40 cho nh (25-36) p nht l 3310: khi hb = 17cm, lb = 26cm
45 cho thot ngi
60 cho k thut
70 - 90 cho v sinh b nc hoc mi nh
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
34
Bng 1.2 Tng kt kch thc bc thang theo tng tnh cht ca cng trnh (mm)
Kch thc
Nh
Trng hc
Cng trnh
quan trng
Bnh vin
Nh tr
Cao
150 175
140 160
130 150
150
120 150
Rng
250 300
280 320
300 350
300
250 280
- Lan can: chiu cao bng 800 1000 mm i vi ngi ln, thng chn 900 mm; v
t 500 600 mm i vi tr em.
-
Chiu cao ca mt t thang khng c ln hn 1,8 m v phi b tr chiu ngh.

Chn s b chiu dy bn thang
Lo
; L : nhp tnh ton ca bn thang
25 30
Chn s b kch thc dm cu thang
hs
Lo
;
10 13
h
23
2.9 Mi nh
2.9.1 Phn loi
-
Theo vt liu: mi ngi, mi tm fibr ximng, mi tn, mi btng ct thp

Theo cu to: mi dc (i = 27 100%), mi bng (i = 5 8%).
2.9.2 dc
-
Mi b tng dc:
5 - 10
Mi tn dc:
12 - 18
Mi ngi dc:
30 - 35
Mi rm r/l dc:
40 - 50
Mi fibr xi mng dc: 20 - 25
1/1 (45); 1/2 (30 - 27); 1/3 (20 - 18)
2.10 H ging:
-
X g (n tay, x g nh nc gi l n dng): tit din hnh ch nht, t trn v
nghing theo mt thanh ko hoc tng thu hi, thng t v tr mt ko. Khong cch
gia hai x g t 1m 2m. Tit din ca x g g c th chn 6x12cm, . . . 12x20cm.
- Cu phong (rui, rn): khi dng tm lp loi nh th trn x g c t cu phong
chu lit tm lp. Tit din ca cu phong g 5x5cm, 5x6cm, 8x10cm, 8x15cm, t theo
chiu dc ca mi v cch nhau t 500 600mm.
- Li t (m, lch): ng trn cu phong, tit din lit 2x3cm, 3x3cm, cch nhau ty theo
loi ngi lp t 260, 310, 360mm.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
35
2.11 Thng s cc phng:

H s chiu sng l t s gia din tch ca/ din tch nn phng
- Phng lm vic, hc tp:
1/5 1/6
- Phng , tip khch, gii tr: 1/7 1/8
-
Phng ph, kho, v sinh:

1/10 1/12
Chiu cao thng thy cc phng khng c nh hn 3m v khng ln hn 3,6m
(chiu cao thng thy tnh t mt sn n mt di ca trn)

a. Phng ng: Khng gian ngh ngi, hc tp yu cu thng thong v chiu sng, tuyt
i khng c b tr li i xuyn qua phng ng qua phng khc. Phng ng b tr v
hng Nam v ng Nam. Din tch phng ng nn ti thiu l 9m, rng hn t 15 20m
- cao thng thy ca phng t 2,8 3,3m l tt nht, chiu cao kinh t l 2,5m.
b. Phng ng v chng
- Din tch t 12 18m, h s chim t 0,4 0,45 ti a, h s nh sng t nhin
1/8, ca rng t 75 90cm v m vo.
c. Phng ng c nhn
- Din tch t 8 10m, h s chim t 0,4 0,45 ti a, ging c nhn (80 120)
x (90 200)cm.
d. Phng Khch: s dng giao tip, l tic, nui dy con ci. Yu cu phi kn o, t
nh. L cc khng gian th hin phong cch ca ch nh. Thng thit k vi din tch t 16
20m (4 5 ngi)
e. Phng n v bp: L khng gian n ung, bi dng ca gia nh. Yu cu phi
thng thong, vt liu s dng c chu la cao, d lau chi lm v sinh. Bp nn t
hng Ty v cui gi.
f. Nh WC (Water closet): Yu cu khu WC phi thng thong chiu sng tt, b tr
hng Ty v cui gi.
- Kch thc ti thiu ca mt phng x (x xm): chiu rng ca phng x phi
800mm, chiu di 1200mm th ca m ra ngoi, chiu di 1500mm th ca c th m
vo trong.
- Din tch ti thiu 1,8 2m, khi WC kt hp din tch t 3 6m, t l nh sng t
nhin 1/9 1/10.
- Cc ca s cao hn mt sn t 1,2m tr ln; trn thng cao 2,2 2,4m; nn phng
phi thp hn cc nn xung quanh; tng phi xy bng va xi mng ct vng; phi p gch
men knh cao t nht l 1,6m tnh t nn sn, gch lt nn sn phi dng gch men knh
chng trn.
2.12 Thit b
Stt
Tn thit b
Ging
T qun o
Chiu di (mm)
Chiu rng (mm)
Chiu cao (mm)
1.900 2.000
800 1.600
400 450
900 1.200
450 550
2.250 2.500
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

3
Bn m
Bn lm vic
36
400 450
450
400 450
750 1.200
600 800
750 780
Gh ta
350 400
550 400
420 450
X bt
700 735
370 385
725 735
Tiu nam
300 400
300
450 600
Lavabo
450 600
400 550
780 800
Chu ra
1045 1.270
475 500
200 213
2.13 Thot nc
a. S n (ting Php): kch thc ca s n ph thuc vo khu mi v lng ma.
Tit din thng l hnh ch U
- Vi khu mi nh hn 6m s n rng hn 250cm
- Vi khu mi t 6 - 15m s n rng hn 300cm
- Vi khu mi nh hn 15m dng mng nc, s n rng 450cm
- dc thng thng t 0,1 0,2%
b. ng thot nc:
- 1cm din tch tit din ng thot nc c kh nng thot nc cho 1 2,5 m mi nh.
Thng chn ng trn c D100, mt ng ng 100 mm c th thot nc t 70 120 m2
ty lng ma tng a phng. Nn s dng ng PVC hiu Bnh Minh
2.14 Ca: chiu cao trong mt tng nh, mt trn nn ly bng nhau
2.14.1 Phn loi
- Theo chc nng: ca s, ca i
- Theo vt liu: ca g, ca thp (st), ca nhm, ca cht do,
- Theo cu to: ca n, ca kp, ca c khun, ca khng khun, ca ng m, ca c
nh, ca lt, ca xoay, ca y, ca cun,
2.14.2 Ca s
- Chiu cao ca b ca s thng thng B = 0,8 1 m hoc 0,15 0,2 m
- Chiu cao ca ca s thng thng H = 0,9 2 m.
- Nu ca s cao t 1,5 2 m c th kt hp lm ca lt hoc thong pha trn, chiu cao
t 0,35 0,55 m.
- cao t mp trn ca s ti nn (B+H) nn ly bng 1/2 chiu su phng. Chiu rng
ca ca ph thuc vo din tch ly nh sng v hnh thc mt ng cng trnh.
* Ca s m trt
Stt
Chiu cao
1200
Chiu rng
1200
1400
1800
2400
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
37
1400
1200
1400
1800
2400
1600
1200
1400
1800
2400
1800
1200
1400
1800
2400
* Ca s m quay ra ngoi
Stt
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
1000
600
800
12000
1400
1600
1200
600
800
12000
1400
1600
1400
600
800
12000
1400
1600
1800
600
800
12000
1400
1600
2.14.3 Ca i:
- Chiu cao ca ca i phi m bo ti thiu cho ngi i lt thng t 1,8 3 m, c th
kt hp lm ca lt hoc thot pha trn, cao t 500 600 mm
- Chiu rng ca 1 cnh l 0,6 m, 0,65 m, 0,7 m, 0,8 m, 0,9 m
- Chiu rng ca 2 cnh l t 1,2 m 1,8 m
- Chiu rng ca 4 cnh l t 2,1 m 2,8 m
- Chiu cao ca trong trong mt tng, mt trn nn ly bng nhau. Chiu rng ca ca c
tnh bng chiu rng ca cnh ca (k c ca c khun v khng khun). i vi cnh ca
kch thc c tnh theo mp vt liu to thnh ca.
2.14.3.1 Kch thc ca theo phong thy

- 1. Ca chnh tng trt hay trn lu:
+ Cao: 2,30 - 2,52 - 2,72 - 2,92 m
+ Rng: 1,46 - 1,62 - 1,90 - 2,32 - 2,46 - 2,92 - 3,12 - 3,32 - 3,72 - 4,12 - 4,56 - 4,80 m
- 2. Ca 1 cnh, ca 2 cnh, ca hu hoc ca ph:
+ Cao: 2,10 - 2,30 - 2,52 - 2,72 m
+ Rng: 0,81 - 1,07 - 1,25 - 1,46 - 1,90 - 2,12 m
- 3. Ca thng phng: ca ny thng khng c cnh, c th ph rm tha, treo mn
+ Cao: 1,90 - 2,10 - 2,12 m
+ Rng: 0,80 - 1,06 - 1,22 m
- 4. Ca phng ng ca gia ch
+ Cao: 1,90 - 2,10 - 2,30 m
+ Rng: 0,82 - 1,04 - 1,24 m
- 5. Ca phng ng con trong tui cn i hc
+ Cao: 1,90 - 2,10 - 2,30 m
+ Rng: 0,82 - 1,06 - 1,26 m
- 6. Ca phng tm v phng v sinh
+ Cao: 1,90 - 2,10 - 2,30 m
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
38
+ Rng: 0,68 - 0,82 - 1,02 m

- 7. Phng con c vic lm v phng khch vng lai
+ Cao: 1,90 - 2,10 - 2,30 m
+ Rng: 0,85 - 1,05 - 1,2 m
- 8. Ca nh xe v ca nh kho
Kch thc nn tnh tng ng vi kch thc ca chnh tng trt nhng nh hn mt nc
trn thc L Ban.
- 9. Ca s
Ty nghi s dng, khng theo kch thc a l, v ca s khng phi l ca xut nhp,
ca i ra vo. Thng thng tng din tch ca s bng 3 ln tng din tch ca chnh.
2.14.3.2 Kch thc ca theo cu to

* Ca i mt cnh m quay, ca thng phng
Stt
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
2000
700
800
900
1050
2200
700
800
900
1050
2400
700
800
900
1050
2600
700
800
900
1050
- Gii hn chiu cao cnh: 1600 - 2800
- Gii hn chiu rng cnh: 400 - 1200

* Ca i xp trt
Stt
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
2100
2000
3000
3500
4000
2200
2000
3000
3500
4000
2300
2000
3000
3500
4000
2400
2000
3000
3500
4000
* Ca i hai cnh m quay

Stt
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
2000
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2200
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2400
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2600
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
- Gii hn chiu cao cnh: 1600 - 2800
- Gii hn chiu rng cnh: 400 - 1200
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
39
* Ca i m trt
Stt
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
2000
1800
2000
2200
2400
3000
2200
1800
2000
2200
2400
3000
2400
1800
2000
2200
2400
3000
2800
1800
2000
2200
2400
3000
2.15 B tng ct thp
a. B tng:
- B tng thng (b tng nng) c mv = 1800 2500 kg/m3. B tng l loi vt liu dn,
cng chu nn ln, nhng kh nng chu ko thp, cng chu ko ch bng 1/10
1/15 cng chu nn. C mi cm2 tit din ct thp c th thay 15 cm2 tit din b tng
- Tng quan gia cp bn chu nn ca b tng B v Mc theo cng chu nn M
(B = 0,1.0,75M)
Cp bn chu nn (B)
MPa (N/mm2)
Mc cng chu nn (M)

(Kg/cm2)
Cng trung bnh ca mu

th tiu chun (MPa)
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
40
B7,5
M100
9,63
B12,5
M150
16,05
B15
M200
19,27
B20
M250
25,69
B22,5
M300
28,9
B25
M350
32,11
- i vi b tng ct thp dng b tng nng, khng cho php s dng cp bn chu
nn nh hn B12,5 (M150); nn s dng b tng c cp bn chu nn khng nh hn B15
(M200) i vi cu kin chu nn dng thanh; v khng nh hn B25 (M350) i vi cu kin
chu ti trng ln nh ct chu ti trng cu trc, ct cc tng di ca nh nhiu tng.
- Khong cch ni chung khng c ln hn 200 mm trong cc bn mng di 150 mm
v khng ln hn 400 mm trong ct v dm.
- Vic lm sch b mt ct thp v dng nc sch l yu cu bt buc khi b tng.
b. Ct thp:
- Thp trn c < 10 mm thp cun, thp c 10 mm thp cy (thanh), di ca mi
cy 11,7 m
- Thp trn 10 mm c hai loi: loi trn trn v loi c g (gn)
Bng tra din tch ct thp

ng
knh d
(mm)
Din tch tit din ngang (mm2) ng vi s thanh

1
28,3
56,5
84,8
113,1
141,4
169,6
50,3
100,5
150,8
201,1
251,3
10
78,5
157,1
235,6
314,2
12
113,1
226,2
339,3
14
153,9
307,9
461,8
197,9
226,2
254,5
301,6
351,9
402,1
452,4
392,7
471,2
549,8
628,3
706,9
452,4
565,5
678,6
791,7
904,8
1.017,9
615,8
769,7
923,6 1.077,6
1.231,5
1.385,4
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
41
16
201,1
402,1
603,2
804,2
1.005,3 1.206,4 1.407,4
1.608,5
1.809,6
18
254,5
508,9
763,4
1.017,9
1.272,3 1.526,8 1.781,3
2.035,8
2.290,2
20
314,2
628,3
942,5
1.256,6
1.570,8 1.885,0 2.199,1
2.513,3
2.827,4
22
380,1
760,3
1.140,4
1.520,5
1.900,7 2.280,8 2.660,9
3.041,1
3.421,2
25
490,9
981,7
1.472,6
1.963,5
2.454,4 2.945,2 3.436,1
3.927,0
4.417,9
28
615,8
1.231,5
1.847,3
2.463,0
3.078,8 3.694,5 4.310,3
4.926,0
5.541,8
30
706,9
1.413,7
2.120,6
2.827,4
3.534,3 4.241,2 4.948,0
5.654,9
6.361,7
32
804,2
1.608,5
2.412,7
3.217,0
4.021,2 4.825,5 5.629,7
6.434,0
7.238,2
36
1.017,9
2.035,8
3.053,6
4.071,5
5.089,4 6.107,3 7.125,1
8.143,0
9.160,9
40
1.256,6
2.513,3
3.769,9
5.026,5
6.283,2 7.539,8 8.796,5 10.053,1 11.309,7
2.16 Xi mng:
- Xi mng Portland PC (P l Portland, C l cement), xi mng PC c hai thnh phn l
clinker Portland (95 96%) v thch cao (4 5%). Portland l tn mt bn o min Nam
nc Anh, t y sau khi nghin mn th tr thnh mt cht kt dnh xy dng t nhin
c mu xm xanh m khng phi qua pha ch nung luyn.
- Xi mng Portland hn hp PCB (P l Portland, C l cement, B l Blended), xi mng
PCB c ba thnh phn l clinker Portland (61 81%), ph gia n khong hoc a khong
(35 15%) v thch cao (4 5%)
- mn tt nht tng ng vi tng t din t 4000 4500 cm2/g. Cc loi xi mng
poclng thng dng c tng t din trong phm vi t 3000 3800 cm2/g
a. Ct:
C ht ca ct lm cht liu cho b tng nng
Kch thc mt sng
mm
2,5
1,25
0,63
0,315
0,14
Lng cn li st trn sng

%
5 - 20
15 - 45
35 - 75
70 - 90
90 - 100
Loi ct
Loi ln
Loi va
Loi nh
Loi rt nh
Tr s ca Modun c ht Mk
3,2 - 2,5
2,5 - 2
2-1
1 - 0,7
% c ht 0,14mm
10
10
20
35
b. :
- 1x2 (c ht 10 20 mm); 2x4 (c ht 20 40 mm); 4x6 (c ht 40 60 mm)
c. st:
Stt
1
Cu kin/kt cu
Cu kin b tng cn tho vn khun sm
cng C (giy)
st SN (cm)
20 10
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
42
B tng ton khi t ct thp
64
24
Ct, dm, x tm panel b tng ct thp
<4
48
Kt cu c nhiu ct thp
<2
8 10
Cc cu kin nh lp ghp b tng
12 18
2.17 Lp b tng bo v:
- Trong mi trng hp, chiu dy lp b tng bo v khng c nh hn ng knh
thp (d) c bo v v khng nh hn cc trng hp sau:
- Trong bn v tng c chiu dy:
+ h 100 mm
10 mm (15 mm)
+ h > 100 mm
15 mm (20 mm)
- Trong dm v sn dm c chiu dy:
+ h < 250 mm
15 mm (20 mm)
+ h 250 mm
20 mm (25 mm)
- Trong ct:
20 mm (25 mm)
- Trong dm mng
30 mm
- Trong mng:
+ Lp ghp
30 mm
+ Ton khi c b tng lt
35 mm
+ Ton khi khng c b tng lt
70 mm
- Ghi ch: Gi tr trong ngoc () p dng cho kt cu ngoi tri hoc nhng ni m t,
trong thc t thit k thng chn chiu dy lp b tng bo v trong dm v ct l 25 mm.
a. Tho vn khun bo dng b tng:
- Cp pha ct c th tho sau 48 gi (2 ngy), cp pha dm, sn khng sm hn 2 tun
(14 ngy), c th tho sau 10 ngy nu dng b tng mc M350 (B25, B27,5)
- Sau khi tho cp pha nu ch no b r phi dng va xi mng ct vng mc 100
x l.
- Bo dng b tng bng vic phun nc u mi ngy 3 4 ln nu tri hanh; 2 3 ln
nu tri mt xi mng tip tc thc hin qu trnh hydrat. Ring sn c th bm nc ln
sn ngp bn chn (6 10 cm) sau 48 gi k t khi m xong b mt, c th pha 500 g xi
mng PC cho mi m2 sn chng thm.
Mc b tng
b
daN/cm2 R28
200
300
400
500
600
Mc xi mng
daN/cm2 Rx
300 400
400 500
500
600
600 700
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
43
2.18 Cu kin chu un (dm, bn sn, cu thang, lanh t, panen,)

2.18.1 Bn
2.18.1.1 Phn loi
- Theo gii php kt cu:
+ Sn sn
+ Sn sn ton khi c bn k hai cnh: bn sn chu lc theo mt phng, vi t s
chiu di 2 ln chiu rng. Nhp ca sn nn ly trong khong 2 m 3 m, chiu dy t 6
10 cm v khng nh hn 1/25 so vi nhp ca bn. Loi sn ny thch hp cho hnh lang,
sn nh v sinh hay cc phng c khu nh.
+ Sn sn ton khi c bn k bn cnh: bn sn chu lc theo hai phng, vi t s
chiu di < 2 ln chiu rng. Nhp ca sn nn ly trong khong 4 m 5 m, chiu dy t 8
12 cm v khong 1/30 so vi nhp. Loi sn ny thch hp cho sn nh c mt bng gn
vung.
+ Sn sn kiu c
+ Sn sn lp ghp dng panen
+ Sn khng sn
- Theo bin php thi cng:
+ Sn btng ct thp ton khi
+ Sn btng ct thp lp ghp
+ Sn btng ct thp bn lp ghp
- B tng bn sn thng dng cc cp B15 (M200), B20 (M250)
- Ct thp trong bn c hai loi l ct chu lc v ct cu to. Ct chu lc thuc nhm A-I
hoc A-II, ng knh d t 6 12 cm, khong cch khng nh hn 70 mm v khng ln hn
200 mm, ct phn b c ng knh d t 6 8 cm, khong cch t 250 350 mm thng
dng nhm A-I
- Ct chu lc: nhng vng chu mmen ln (mmen dng nhp, mmen m gi)
khong cch ct thp chu lc nh sau:
+ 200 mm khi hs 150 mm
+ 1,5h v 400 mm khi hs > 150 mm
- Ct cu to: khong cch ct cu to nh sau:
+ Khng qu 330 mm khi hs 150 mm
+ 2,2h v 500 mm khi hs > 150 mm
2.18.1.2 Cu to ban cng

- Bn sn c bi cngxon, cngxon lin kt vi khi xy hay khung sn nh. Ty
theo vt liu m cngxon t cch nhau khong 1 2 m. Nhp vn ra ca ban cng khong 1
1,5 m, thng l 1,2 m.
- Bn sn c c lin vi cngxon, cngxon l kt cu ca phn sn nh ko di ra vi
cc dm mt nhp, c phn a ra khi mt tng ngoi v mt dm bin kim u dm. Nhp
ca ban cng yu cu s dng, nhng khng qu 1,8 m.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
44
2.18.2 Dm
- Tnh theo TTGH1 ( bn), ni lc gm c m men v lc ct
- Tit din ch nht, ch T, ch I, hnh thang, hnh hp,
- Chiu cao:
Loi dm
Nhp L (m)
Mt nhp
Ph
Chnh
10
Chiu rng
tit din b
Chiu cao tit din h

Nhiu nhp
1
1
.L
15 12
1 1
.L
12 8
1
.L
20
1 1
.h
2 4
1
.L
15
Khi h 600mm nn chn h bi s 50mm

Khi h > 600mm nn chn h bi s 100mm
1 1
- Chiu cao: b .h ; thng chn b = 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400mm,
2 4
- Trong dm c b rng > 150mm s ct thp dc chu lc ko vo gi khng t hn 2 thanh

- Trong dm c chiu cao h > 700mm cc cnh bn cn t ct thp dc cu to.
B tng dng trong BTCT c bn chu nn ln hn hoc bng B15 (M200)
Ct thp: ct dc d = 12 40mm; ct ai d = 6, 8mm
b2
b3
b4
B tng nng v b tng t ng
2,0
0,6
1,5
0,01
B tng ht nh
1,7
0,5
1,2
0,01
D1900
1,9
0,5
1,2
0,02
D1800
1,7 1,5
0,4
1,0
0,02
Loi b tng
B tng nh c mc theo khi lng
Ch thch: Khi dng ct thp dc l nhm CIV, AIV, AIIIB hoc ct thp nhm AV, AVI,
AT VII (dng kt hp) cc h s b 2 , b 3 , b 4 cn phi nhn vi h s 0,8
2.19 Cu kin chu nn (ct ca khung, thanh nn ca dn, thn vm, ng khi,)
- Trong cu kin chu nn, lc ct t nguy him hn trong cu kin chu un. Tuy nhin khi
lc ct ln c th gy ra ph hoi trn tit din nghing.
- Cu kin chu nn ng tm tit din: hnh vung, ch nht, trn, a gic u cnh,
- Cu kin chu nn lch tm tit din: hnh vung, ch nht, ch I, ch T, hnh trn, vnh
khuyn,
- Cu to tit din:
b (cm)
15
20
25
30
40
h (cm)
15
20, 30, 35, 40
25, 35, 40, 45, 50
30, 40, 45, 50
40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
45
Trong : h bi s ca 50mm khi h < 800mm

h bi s ca 100mm khi h > 800mm
b bi s ca 50mm
- Xc nh s b kch thc tit din:
A
k .N
b .Rb
Trong : k = 0,8 1 i vi cu kin chu nn ng tm

k = 1 1,5 i vi cu kin chu nn lch tm
N lc dc tnh ton
Rb cng chu nn ca b tng
b h s iu kin lm vic ca b tng
- iu kin n nh, mnh ca cu kin:
lo
max 120
i
Trong : lo : chiu di tnh ton ca cu kin. i vi ct ca khung nh nhiu tng

lin kt gia ct v dm khung l cng v:
- Khi sn lp ghp: lo H
- Khi sn ton khi: lo 0 ,7 H
H: chiu cao ca tng nh hay khong cch gia cc mt khung
i: bn knh qun tnh ca tit din
- Cu kin chu nn ng tm tit din ch nht i = b
- Cu kin chu nn lch tm tit din ch nht i = h
b, h chiu rng, chiu cao ca tit din cu kin.
Hm lng thp ti thiu
'
(%)
min , min
Khi mnh ca cu kin
00,5
min 17; h 5
0,1
17 min 35; 5 h 10
0,2
35 min 83; 10 h 24
0,25
min 83; h 24
- Cu to ct thp:
- Ct dc: ng knh t 12 40 mm. Ct thp c th b tr i xng hoc khng i
xng.
+ B tr thp i xng cho cc cu kin nn ng tm, nn lch tm lp ghp, c
m men i du.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
46
+ B tr thp khng i xng cho cc cu kin nn lch tm khi m men khng i

du.
+ Trong cu kin chu nn, khi chiu cao tit din ln hn 500mm, cn t thm
ct gi sao cho khong cch gia cc ct dc khng qu 400mm.
- Ct ai: c tc dng gi n nh cho ct dc, chu lc ct, thng dng ct ai theo
cu to, khi lc ct qu ln phi tnh ct ai (tnh ging nh cu kin chu un).
+ ng knh ct ai dsw 6 mm v 0,25 (1/4) 10doc max . Khong cch khng
c vt qu 15 ln ng knh b nht (d2) ca ct dc chu nn. Trong mi
trng hp, khong cch gia cc ct ai 400mm v hai ln b rng ca cu kin.
Trong vng ni ct dc, khong cch gia cc ct ai khng c ln hn 10doc v
t nht 4 ct ai.
2.20 Cc
- Trong nn ct, st cng v cun si ng cc theo th t t gia nhm ra pha ngoi. Khi
nhm cc t gn cc c hoc cng trnh ln cn th nn ng cc t phn tip gip v ra xa
dn.
- Khong cch cc:
+ Cc ma st khng nh hn 3d:
+ Cc chng khng nh hn 2d:
- ln ca cc:
+ ln ca mt nhm cc ma st c s lng cc nhiu s cao hn so vi nhm c s
lng cc t hn cng mt iu kin t nn v ln ca ng sut di y mi cc. Khi
d tnh ln nhm cc thng tnh cho khi mng quy c.
- Kh nng chu ti ca nhm cc:
+ Trong nn t ri, sc chu ti ca nhm cc ln hn tng sc chu ti ca cc cc n
trong nhm.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
47
+ Trong nn t dnh, sc chu ti ca nhm cc ma st nh hn tng sc chu ti ca

cc cc n trong nhm.
+ i vi cc chng, sc chu ti ca nhm cc bng tng sc chu ti ca cc cc n
trong nhm.
- Nu ln ca cc li t hn ln ca t xung quanh, ma st s l m. Ma st m lm
gim kh nng chu ti ca cc, nht l i vi cc nhi
- H s an ton trong khong Fs = 1,2 3
- Cc c 2 mc cu th b tr cch u cc on bng 0,207L, Moment M = 0,043.qL2 ; cc
c 1 mc cu th b tr cch u cc on bng 0,294L, Moment M = 0,086.qL2 (L l chiu
di cc)
2.21 Cc kt cu chuyn dng trong b tng ct thp

a. B nc
- Cu to ct thp trong thnh b v y b nc theo nguyn tc ca bn chu un hoc ko
lch tm.
- Ring cc gc, ch tip gip gia thnh ngang vi thnh dc, gia thnh vi y ct
thp cn c neo chc chn, ng quy tc.
- cc gc thng c 4 loi ct thp, ct thp s 1 v 3 mt ngoi, ct s 2 v 4 mt
trong. Ct s 1 v 3 c th t lin, nu t ri th phi c un v neo chc chn. Ct s 2
v 4 nn t ri, ko di gn st mp ngoi ri mi un gp neo, khng c t ct s 2
v 4 lin tc nh trn hnh d.
2
1
2
4
a)
b)
c)
d) Sai
Cau tao cot thep goc be nc
Sai
ng
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
48
>20
Bo tr the p sai
h2
h1
h2
h1
h2
h1
>20
Bo tr thep u ng
Bo tr the p u ng
2.22 B t hoi
Stt
Trang b tin nghi trong cc ngi nh
TCDN trung bnh,
H s khng
1/ngi.ngym
iu ha Kh
Nh khng c trang thit b v sinh, ly nc

vi cng cng
40 60
2,5 2
Nh ch c vi nc, khng c thit b khc
80 100
2 1,8
Nh c h thng cp thot nc bn trong, c khu

WC nhng khng c thit b tm
120 150
1,8 1,5
Nh trn mc 3, c thit b tm thng thng

(hng sen)
150 200
1,7 1,4
Nh c h thng cp thot nc bn trong, c

dng c WC, c bn tm v cp nc nng cc
b
200 300
1,5 1,3
2.23 Khung b tng ton khi

- Nu s dng vt liu hp l kt cu thun khung c th t chiu cao xy dng n 15
tng.
- Khi lng b tng sn c th chim 30 40% khi lng b tng ca cng trnh.
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
49
CHNG 3. BNG TRA THNG S K THUT VT T

3.1 ng nha uPVC Bnh Minh
CNG TY C PHN NHA BNH MINH
BNG DANH SCH ng uPVC
Stt
Tn sn phm
p sut
DN (PN)
I/ Tiu chun BS 3505:1968 (h Inch)

(Standard BS3505:1968)
Ghi
ch
Stt
Tn sn phm
p sut
DN (PN)
II/ Tiu chun TCVN 6151:1996 - ISO

4422:1990 (h mt) (Standard ISO4422:1990)
21 x 1,6 mm
15 bar
63 x 1,6 mm
5 bar
27 x 1,8 mm
12 bar
63 x 1,9 mm
6 bar
34 x 2,0 mm
12 bar
63 x 3 mm
10 bar
42 x 2,1 mm
9 bar
75 x 1,5 mm
4 bar
49 x 2,4 mm
9 bar
75 x 2,2 mm
6 bar
60 x 2,0 mm
6 bar
75 x 3,6 mm
10 bar
60 x 2,8 mm
9 bar
90 x 1,5 mm
3,2 bar
90 x 1,7 mm
3 bar
90 x 2,7 mm
6 bar
90 x 2,9 mm
6 bar
90 x 4,3 mm
10 bar
10
90 x 3,8 mm
9 bar
10
110 x 1,8 mm
3,2 bar
11
114 x 3,2 mm
5 bar
11
110 x 3,2 mm
6 bar
12
114 x 3,8 mm
6 bar
12
110 x 5,3 mm
10 bar
13
114 x 4,9 mm
9 bar
13
140 x 4,1 mm
6 bar
14
168 x 4,3 mm
5 bar
14
140 x 6,7 mm
10 bar
15
168 x 7,3 mm
9 bar
15
160 x 4 mm
4 bar
16
220 x 5,1 mm
5 bar
16
160 x 4,7 mm
6 bar
17
220 x 6,6 mm
6 bar
17
160 x 7,7 mm
10 bar
18
220 x 8,7 mm
9 bar
18
200 x 5,9 mm
6 bar
19
200 x 9,6 mm
10 bar
20
225 x 6,6 mm
6 bar
21
225 x 10,8 mm
10 bar
22
250 x 7,3 mm
6 bar
23
250 x 11,9 mm
10 bar
24
280 x 8,2 mm
6 bar
25
280 x 13,4 mm
10 bar
Ghi
ch
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
50
26
315 x 9,2 mm
6 bar
27
315 x 15 mm
10 bar
28
400 x 11,7 mm
6 bar
29
400 x 19,1 mm
10 bar
30
450 x 13,8 mm
6,3 bar
31
450 x 21,5 mm
10 bar
32
500 x 15,3 mm
6,3 bar
33
500 x 23,9 mm
10 bar
34
560 x 17,2 mm
6,3 bar
35
560 x 26,7 mm
10 bar
36
630 x 19,3 mm
6,3 bar
37
630 x 30 mm
10 bar
3.2 Bng tra trng lng thp

THP L (V) U CNH
Din tch
mt ct
(cm2)
Trng lng
kg/m
L 20x20x3
1,13
0,887
L 20x20x4
1,46
1,146
L 25x25x3
1,43
1,123
L 25x25x4
1,86
1,460
L 28x28x3
1,62
1,272
L 32x32x3
1,86
1,460
L 32x32x4
2,43
1,908
L 36x36x3
2,10
1,649
L 36x36x4
2,75
2,159
L 40x40x3
2,35
1,845
L 40x40x4
3,08
2,418
L 45x45x3
2,65
2,080
L 45x45x4
3,48
2,732
14
L 45x45x5
4,29
3,368
15
L 50x50x3
2,96
2,324
L 50x50x4
3,89
3,054
L 50x50x5
4,80
3,768
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
S hiu
thp hnh
No
2
2,5
2,8
3,2
3,6
4
12
13
16
17
4,5
Loi thp
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

18
51
L 56x56x3,5
3,86
3,030
L 56x56x4
4,38
3,438
20
L 56x56x5
5,41
4,247
21
L 63x63x4
4,96
3,894
L 63x63x5
6,13
4,812
23
L 63x63x6
7,28
5,715
24
L 70x70x4,5
6,20
4,867
25
L 70x70x5
6,86
5,385
L 70x70x6
8,15
6,398
27
L 70x70x7
9,42
7,395
28
L 70x70x8
10,70
8,400
29
L 75x75x5
7,39
5,801
30
L 75x75x6
8,78
6,892
L 75x75x7
10,10
7,929
32
L 75x75x8
11,50
9,028
33
L 75x75x9
12,80
10,048
34
L 80x80x5,5
8,63
6,775
L 80x80x6
9,38
7,363
L 80x80x7
10,80
8,478
37
L 80x80x8
12,30
9,656
38
L 90x90x6
10,60
8,321
L 90x90x7
12,30
9,656
L 90x90x8
13,90
10,912
41
L 90x90x9
15,60
12,246
42
L 100x100x6,5
12,80
10,048
43
L 100x100x7
13,80
10,833
44
L 100x100x8
15,60
12,246
L 100x100x10
19,20
15,072
46
L 100x100x12
22,80
17,898
47
L 100x100x14
26,30
20,646
48
L 100x100x16
29,70
23,315
L 110x110x7
15,20
11,932
L 110x110x8
17,20
13,502
L 125x125x8
19,70
15,465
19
22
26
31
35
36
39
40
45
49
50
51
5,6
6,3
7,5
10
11
12,5
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
52
52
L 125x125x9
22,00
17,270
53
L 125x125x10
24,30
19,076
54
L 125x125x12
28,90
22,687
55
L 125x125x14
33,40
26,219
56
L 125x125x16
37,80
29,673
57
L 140x140x9
24,70
19,390
L 140x140x10
27,30
21,431
59
L 140x140x12
32,50
25,513
60
L 160x160x10
31,40
24,649
61
L 160x160x11
34,40
27,004
62
L 160x160x12
37,40
29,359
L 160x160x14
43,30
33,991
64
L 160x160x16
49,10
38,544
65
L 160x160x18
54,80
43,018
66
L 160x160x20
60,40
47,414
L 180x180x11
38,80
30,458
L 180x180x12
42,20
33,127
69
L 200x200x12
47,10
36,974
70
L 200x200x13
50,90
39,957
71
L 200x200x14
54,60
42,861
L 200x200x16
62,00
48,670
73
L 200x200x20
76,50
60,053
74
L 200x200x25
94,30
74,026
75
L 200x200x30
111,59
87,598
L 220x220x14
60,40
47,414
L 220x220x16
68,60
53,851
78
L 250x250x16
78,50
61,623
79
L 250x250x18
87,70
68,845
80
L 250x250x20
97,00
76,145
L 250x250x22
106,10
83,289
82
L 250x250x25
119,70
93,965
83
L 250x250x28
133,10
104,484
84
L 250x250x30
142,00
111,470
58
63
67
68
72
76
77
81
14
16
18
20
22
25
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
53
THP I
Din tch
mt ct
(cm2)
Trng lng
kg/m
Stt
S hiu
thp hnh
No
10
I-100x55x4,5
12,00
9,420
12
I-120x64x4,8
14,70
11,540
14
I-140x73x4,9
17,40
13,659
16
I-160x81x5
20,20
15,857
18
I-180x90x5,1
23,40
18,369
18a
I-180x100x5,1
25,40
19,939
20
I-200x100x5,2
26,80
21,038
20a
I-200x110x5,2
28,90
22,687
22
I-220x110x5,4
30,60
24,021
10
22a
I-220x120x5,4
32,80
25,748
11
24
I-240x115x5,6
34,80
27,318
12
24a
I-240x125x5,6
37,50
29,438
13
27
I-270x125x6
40,20
31,557
14
27a
I-270x135x6
43,20
33,912
15
30
I-300x135x6,5
46,50
36,503
16
30a
I-300x145x6,5
49,90
39,172
17
33
I-330x140x7
53,80
42,233
18
36
I-360x145x7,5
61,90
48,592
19
40
I-400x155x8
71,40
56,049
20
45
I-450x160x8,6
83,00
65,155
21
50
I-500x170x9,5
97,80
76,773
22
55
I-550x180x10,3
114,00
89,490
23
60
I-600x190x11,1
132,00
103,620
24
65
I-650x200x12
153,00
120,105
25
70
I-700x210x13
176,00
138,160
26
70a
I-700x210x15
202,00
158,570
27
70b
I-700x210x17,5
234,00
183,690
Loi thp
THP [
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
54
Din tch
mt ct
(cm2)
Trng lng
kg/m
[-50x32x4,4
6,16
4,836
6,5
[-65x36x4,4
7,51
5,895
[-80x40x4,5
8,98
7,049
10
[-100x46x4,5
10,90
8,557
12
[-120x52x4,8
13,30
10,441
14
[-140x58x4,9
15,60
12,246
14a
[-140x62x4,9
17,00
13,345
16
[-160x64x5
18,10
14,209
16a
[-160x68x5
19,50
15,308
10
18
[-180x70x5,1
20,70
16,250
11
18a
[-180x74x5,1
22,20
17,427
12
20
[-200x76x5,2
23,40
18,369
13
20a
[-200x80x5,2
25,20
19,782
14
22
[-220x82x5,4
26,70
20,960
15
22a
[-220x87x5,4
28,80
22,608
16
24
[-240x90x5,6
30,60
24,021
17
24a
[-240x95x5,6
32,90
25,827
18
27
[-270x95x6
35,20
27,632
19
30
[-300x100x6,5
40,50
31,793
20
33
[-330x105x7
46,50
36,503
21
36
[-360x110x7,5
53,40
41,919
22
40
[-400x115x8
61,50
48,278
Stt
S hiu
thp hnh
No
Loi thp
THP NG
Stt
ng
knh ngoi
(mm)
Chiu dy
(mm)
Trng lng
kg/m
0,395
10
0,592
11
0,691
12
0,789
13
0,888
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
55
14
0,986
15
1,085
16
1,184
18
1,381
10
20
1,578
11
21
1,677
12
22
1,776
13
24
1,973
14
25
2,072
15
26
2,170
16
27
2,269
17
28
2,368
18
30
2,565
19
32
2,762
20
36
3,157
21
38
3,354
22
40
3,551
23
41,5
3,699
24
42
3,749
25
44,5
3,995
26
45
4,044
27
48
4,340
27
49
4,439
28
50
4,538
29
51
4,636
30
54
4,932
31
57
5,228
32
60
5,524
33
90
4,340
THP VUNG
Stt
Chiu di
cnh
Trng lng
kg/m
THP TRN
Stt
ng
knh
Trng lng
kg/m
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
56
(mm)
1
0,196
0,22
0,283
0,39
0,385
10
0,62
0,502
12
0,89
0,636
14
1,21
10
0,785
16
1,58
11
0,950
18
2,00
12
1,130
20
2,47
13
1,327
22
2,98
10
14
1,539
10
25
3,85
11
15
1,766
11
28
4,83
12
16
2,010
12
30
5,55
13
17
2,269
13
32
6,31
14
18
2,543
14
36
7,99
15
19
2,834
15
40
9,86
16
20
3,140
17
21
3,462
18
22
3,799
19
24
4,522
20
25
4,906
21
26
5,307
22
28
6,154
23
30
7,065
24
32
8,038
25
34
9,075
26
36
10,174
27
40
12,560
28
42
13,847
29
44
15,198
30
45
15,896
31
46
16,611
32
48
18,086
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc

33
50
57
19,625
3.3 T l pha mu sn (%)

Stt
Loi sn
Xanh
Tm
Vng
Trng
C ph
70
C vng
25
Cm thch
15
80
C a
20
60
20
Da cam
40
Da tri
30
Gch non
80
20
Ghi sng
Ghi xm
10
Hoa c
11
Hong yn
70
30
12
Kem sa
15
85
13
L m
14
Mn chn
50
15
Nu ty
90
16
Xanh bin
10
10
17
Xanh c vt
60
30
10
18
Xanh l
15
85
19
Xanh ru
75
55
5
10
15
10
80
75
17
70
30
75
30
17
en
70
10
30
10
10
80
50
30
3.4 n v cng, ca
- Mt cng lm vic l 8 gi
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
58
CHNG 4. S DNG PHN MM REVIT ARCHITECTURE

4.1 Mo s dng Revit Architecture
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bm phm HH n tm thi i tng c chn

Bm phm HR hin cc i tng n
So mu: nhan ALT + 0178
Thu/phong doi tuong:
1. An phim ZZ xac dinh hai vi tri tren man hinh
2. An phim ZV tang khoang cach ra xa len hai lan
3. An phim ZX: dua khung hinh vua van man hinh
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
59
CHNG 5. S DNG PHN MM AUTOCAD

5.1 Mo s dng autocad
5. Mt thanh cng c: nhn Ctrl + 0
6. Mt dng command: nhn trl + 9
7. Khi s dng lnh Mirror ch b ln ngc: dng lnh mirrtext g 0
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
60
8. Khi in xut hin dng ch: PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONL

PRODUCT. Ta save file sang ui .dxf, sau ng file li. M li file va lu ri save li
ui .dwg.
9. S dng lnh Write Block (lnh tt W): to file cad mi vi cc i tng c chn.
10. S dng lnh layiso: tt cc layer khng c chn
11. S dng lnh layoff: tt cc layer c chn
12. S dng lnh layon: m tt c cc layer
13. S dng lnh Re (Regen): lm ti bn v
14. S dng lnh Pu (Purge): xa cc lin kt ngoi, cc layer, dimension khng s dng.
15.
CHNG 6. S DNG PHN MM PHOTOSHOP

6.1 Mo s dng Photoshop
1. Bt/tt thc o: nhn Ctrl + R hoc vo View/Rulers
2. Thit lp n v: Edit/Preferences/Units & Rulres
3. Khi lu nh, ta chon cc ui nh sau:
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
61
a. ui JPEG (*.JPG; *.JPEG; *.JPE): nh c nn ti a, dung lng thp nht

b. ui TIFF (*.TIF; *.TIFF): cht lng nh cao, dung lng ln nht
c. ui PNG (*.PNG; *.PNS): lc cc thnh phn khng cn thit, lu trn mng
d. File Photoshop (*.PSD; *.PDD)
4. Bm ch D bt mu mt nh
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Bm phm Ctrl + D b vng chn

Bm phm V hoc lnh di chuyn nh
Bm t hp phm Alt + Delete t mu
Bm t hp phm Alt + chut gia thu phng nh
Bm t hp phm Ctrl + T: iu chnh kch thc nh, gi phm Shift khng lm bin
dng nh
10. Bm phm Esc tr v nh ban u trc khi iu chnh.
CHNG 7. S DNG PHN MM 3DS MAX

7.1 Mo s dng 3Ds Max
1. Bm phm Z thu phng i tng, nu khng chn i tng no trn mn hnh, s
phng va mn hnh, cn nu chn i tng th s phng i tng chn cho va mn hnh
2. Bm t hp phm Alt + Q: n i tng khng c chn
CLD Sc Trng
Tng hp kin thc
62
3. Bm phm J n khung bao khi chn i tng.

4. Bm phm G n li.
5. Khi v lnh line, nhn gi phm Shift v thng hng.
6. Bm phm F3 bt/tt wireframe
CHNG 8. HC TING ANH

8.1 Pht m ch ci:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A: c ""
B: c "bi"
C: c "xi" (ng m see)
D: c "i" (pht m u li)
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63
5. E: c "y"
6. F: c "_ph"
7. G: c "chi" (nh trong c)
8. H: c "y_ch"
9. I: c "ai"
10. J: c "ch" (nh trong c)
11. K: c "kh" (kht hi)
12. L: c "eo" (ct ngn gn li)
13. M: c "em" (ct ngn gn li)
14. N: c "enh" (ct ngn gn li)
15. O: c ""
16. P: c "pi" (phun hi)
17. Q: c "khiu" (kht trong c hng)
18. R: c "o"
19. S: c "es" (s hi)
20. T: c "thi" (pht m u li)
21. U: c "you" (I love you)
22. V: c "vi"
23. W: c "p b d" (double u - ni nhanh)
24. X: c "ek s" (chn hi li mi s hi)
25. Z: c "zi"
A B C D E F
G
H
I
J
K L M N O P
bi xi i y ph chi ych ai ch kh eo em enh pi
P
Q
R S T
U V
pi khiu o es thi you vi
W
double u
X Z
eks zi
b xi i y ph chi
ych ai ch kh
eo em en p
khiu o s
thi you vi
double u ks wai and z
Now I know my ABC. Next time wont you sing with me
8.2 c s:
1. Zero (0) dzia r
2. One (1) ng m won, qu kh win: thng
3. Two (2) thu, xt hi
4. Three (3) t-ri
CLD Sc Trng
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64
5. Four (4) fa
6. Five (5) phai-v
7. Six (6) sik-s
8. Seven (7) xe vn
9. Eight (8) y-t
10. Nine (9) nai-n
11. Ten (10) then, xt m th
12. Eleven (11) y l vn
13. Twelve (12) thoa weo v
14. Thirteen (13) t theen
15. Fourteen (14) foa theen
16. Fifteen (15) fi f theen
17. Sixteen (16) xic s theen
18. Seventeen (17) xe vin theen
19. Eighteen (18) y theen
20. Nineteen (19) nai-n theen
21. Twenty (20) thoa en th, thoa n
22. Thirty (30) t
8.3 c ngy trong tun:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Monday (th 2) manh

Tuesday (th 3) thuZ
Wednesday (th 4) wenZ
Thursday (th 5) tZ
Friday (th 6) phrai
Saturday (th 7) x
Sunday (ch nht) sanh
8.4 c thng:
1. January (thng 1) jn nh r
2. February (thng 2) php br r
3. March (thng 3) m ch
4. April (thng 4) y pr
5. May (thng 5) m
6. June (thng 6) chu-n
7. July (thng 7) chu li
8. August (thng 8) gst
9. September (thng 9) xp them b
10. October (thng 10) t th b
CLD Sc Trng
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65
11. November (thng 11) n vm b

12. December (thng 12) i xm b
CLD Sc Trng

Bang Tong Hop Kien Thuc

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Bang Tong Hop Kien Thuc

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Tc gi: V t Li

TNG HP KIN THC

C Lao Dung Sc Trng:

Tng hp kin thc

Tng hp kin thc

2.12 Thit b ............................................................................................................................ 35

Tng hp kin thc

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN

AutoCad Structural Detailing

To bn v b tng ct thp, thp t ng

V kin trc xy dng m hnh 3D, kt cu, c in

Robot Structural Analysis

Tnh ni lc kt cu, kim tra kt cu

Kim tra xung t, m phng tin

To bn v nh thp, thng k vt liu

To bn v b tng ct thp, thng k vt liu

Rendering nhanh, trnh din

Chuyn nh t CAD sang Word

Lp, qun l tin ,

Solid Converter PDF v5.0

Chuyn i t file dpf sang Word

1.2 Mt s tiu chun Vit Nam trong lnh vc xy dng

TCVN 5574 - 2012

Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k

TCVN 9362 - 2012

Tiu chun thit k nn nh v cng trnh

TCVN 9361 - 2012

Cng tc nn mng Thi cng v nghim thu

TCVN 2737 - 1995

Ti trng v tc ng Tiu chun thit k

TCVN 4453 - 1995

Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi Quy phm

TCXDVN 338 - 2005

Kt cu thp Tiu chun thit k

TCVN 9395 - 2012

Cc khoan nhi Thi cng v nghim thu

TCXDVN 323 - 2004

Nh cao tng Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 353 - 2005

Nh lin k Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 390 - 2007

Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp Tiu chun

TCVN 10304 2014

Mng cc Tiu chun thit k

Tng hp kin thc

1.3 Phn cp, phn loi cng trnh xy dng

Cng trnh dn dng

Chiu cao Chiu cao

Tui th > 100 nm, vt liu BTCT hoc cc vt liu

1.4 Bng chuyn i n v k thut c sang h n v SI

Tng hp kin thc

1Pa = 1N/m = 0,1 kG/m

1.5 Chuyn i n v o lng

1.5.2 Chuyn i n v thng thng.

= 1.000.000m2 = 100ha = 10.000a

Tng hp kin thc

Trng lng th tch

11 Tn s (chu k/giy ) hec

1.5.3 Chuyn i n v US (Anh) sang h SI.

Tng hp kin thc

square mile (dm vung)

cubic yard ( thc khi )

Lb/ft ( khi lng )

Tng hp kin thc