| AP Music Theory Mr. Axler’s Four-Part Harmony Cheat Sheet Cheats -Trinds : Keep common tones (if possible) © Maintain good voice leading ‘© Nomore than a third in the upper three voices (if possible) | © Tiddo, fa-mi | j © Spacing © Nomore than an sixth between upper three voices (© Between bass and tenor — no limit (within reason!) + Doubling © Barring exception, DO NOT DOUBLE THE THIRD! + Motion ‘© Chords in root position that are a second apart MUST have the upper three voice parts co in contrary motion to the bass. Inversions ~Triads First inversion — double soprano (third in bass) — figured bas * Second inversion ~ double the fifth (fifth in bass) ~ figured bass = 64 ‘© Special exception — the vii chord or any diminished triad is always in 1" inversion and the THIRD IS DOUBLED. ‘© Special Functions ‘©. The 164, when cadential, has dominant-like qualities and always comes before the V chord. ‘© _ Use inversions to avoid retrogressions — H16 in stead of -ii or I-V6 instead of I-vii Sev jords © Qualities | © Triad quality +Seventh quality © MajMaj, minmin, Majmin, minMaj © Dimdim=fully diminishes, dimmin~half diminished © Majmin = quality © Tri-tone resolution = ti-do, fe-mi © V7-[— if both are in root position, one must be incomplete = Incomplete V7 will have no Sth, 2 roots, 3° and 7" * Incomplete I will have three roots and a third © V42 MUST resolve to a I6 * Inversions © 18=65 (Third in Bass) © 2M = 43 (Fifth in Bass) © 3442 (Seventh on Bass) = 42 Must resolve to 6 Extra Minor Stuff * The ii chord is diminished, see inversions-triads. * ALWAYS RAISE THE 7 SCALE DEGREE IN HARMONIC MINOR! *V7-VI- if both are in root position, the VI chord will have two thirds. This combines the tritone resolution rule and Contrary Motion Rule. * NO AUGMENTED 2"” IN A GIVEN VOICE PART! (6"- ndary Dominants ¢ (raised Do) = Vx/ii (one note change) i-Mi (raised Re) = Vwiii (two notes changed!) i-Sol (raised Fa) = Vx/V (one note change) -La (raised sol) = Vx/vi (one note chane) Tay-La (lowered Ti) = ViIV (one note change, LOWERED) * scales degree in either direction)