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TR45.2/2001.07.09.___

TITLE:

PN-4925 changes to support GSM Call Forwarding

SOURCE:
Jack Nasielski
QUALCOMM Incorporated
Phone: +1 858 651-3294
Fax: +1 858 658-2113
jackn@qualcomm.com
ABSTRACT:
GAIT procedures require the IIF to pretend to forward calls to obtain call forwarding numbers
for an ANSI-41 user roaming in a GSM network. TR45.2 should consider having the HLR
send call forwarding instructions when it delivers a profile to the IIF.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Review and accept.

Notice
2001 QUALCOMM Incorporated.
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Background
ANSI-41 systems support call forwarding no answer and call forwarding busy (after the call is extended to the serving
system) from the originating system using REDREQ/TRANUMREQ. These calls may also be forwarded from the serving
system using TRANUMREQ. GSM systems typically provide CFB and CFNA from the serving system, using information
received in the subscriber data from the HLR. GSM systems may also provide a conditional call forwarding service similar
to ANSI-41. This is optimal routeing of late call forwarding., see GSM 03.79 or 3GPP 23.079. See also GSM 02.82 (call
forwarding) and GSM 09.02 (MAP.)

GAIT method
GAIT call flows show the IIF using TRANUMREQ to obtain CFB and CFNA numbers for a GSM foreign mode user.
These numbers are then provided to the GSM serving system (VMSC.)
ANSI-41
Home System

GSM
Serving System
IIF

HLR

ANSI-41

VMSC
2

GSM

Subscriber
MS

Normal registration process

TRANUMREQ

tranumreq

TRANUMREQ

tranumreq

e
ISD
isd
[TCAP End]

f
g
h

Figure 51: Obtaining forward-to numbers

a.

The subscriber registers on a GSM serving system using the normal registration signalling process.

b.

If the subscribers ANSI-41 profile indicates that CFB is authorized and active, and the IIF determines that it does may
not have the current CFB forward-to number, then the IIF sends a TRANUMREQ message to the HLR requesting the
CFB forward-to number.

c.

The HLR responds with the CFB forward-to number in the tranumreq message.

d.

If the subscribers ANSI-41 profile indicates that CFNA is authorized and active, and the IIF determines that it does may
not have the current CFNA forward-to number, then the IIF sends a TRANUMREQ message to the HLR requesting the
CFNA forward-to number.

e.

The HLR responds with the CFNA forward-to number in the tranumreq message.

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f-h. If the CFB forward-to number or CFNA forward-to number, or both numbers, do not correspond with the numbers
previously provided to the GSM serving system, then the IIF sends the modified information to the GSM serving system
using the InsertSubscriberData operation. The CFNA forward-to number shall be populated as both the CFNRc and
CFNRy forward-to numbers.
TransferToNumberRequest Return Result to Insert Subscriber Data Request
Mapping of parameters value
This table represents how the IIF shall map the value of the parameter it has received to populate the fields of the message it
shall transmit.
Table 1: TransferToNumberRequest Return Result to Insert Subscriber Data Request parameter mapping
TransferToNumberRequest Return
Result

Status

Insert Subscriber Data Request

Status

Digits (Destination) or

Forwarding Information List

DestinationDigits parameter within

TerminationList (See Note 1)

Forwarded-to-Number
(See Note 2)

This is the forwarded-to-number.

Format is Type of Digits (1 octet),
Nature of Number (1 octet),
Numbering Plan (4 bits), Encoding
(4 bits), Number of Digits (1 octet),
and actual digits in BCD.

E.164 format

NoAnswerTime

Forwarding Information List

No Reply Condition time

Note 1: When TerminationList parameter is present, the Digits(Destination) parameter of the TransferToNumberRequest
RETURN RESULT is ignored.
Note 2: There may be up to three forwarded-to number parameters with the Insert Subscriber Data Request message
mapped from TransferToNumberRequest information: one for Call Forwarding Busy, one for Call Forwarding No Reply
(mapped from CFNA results), and another for Call Forwarding Not Reachable (also mapped from CFNA results).

GAIT Optimal Routing - Success Case

Scenario: ANSI-41 Subscriber A makes a call origination attempt at ANSI-41 MSC-A to ANSI-41 Subscriber B roaming
and registered in a GSM network at MSC-B. Subscriber B has call forwarding set to an address at MSC-C. Subscriber B is
not IMSI detached.

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ANSI-41
(MSC-A)
a
b

ANSI-41
(Bs HLR)

LOCREQ

b
ROUTEREQ
Provide Roaming Number[GMSC#,CR#]

Provide Roaming NumberAck [MSRN]

e
g

g
Establish Connection Attempt
Resume Call Handling [CR#,reason]

l
m

REDREQ [REDREASON]

h
i
j

TRANUMREQ [REDREASON]

tranumreq

l
redreq

m
Resume Call HandlingAck

n
o

d
f

Locreq [TLDN]

c
e

Routereq [TLDN]

(MSC-C)

Call Origination

GSM
(VLR/MSC-B)

IIF

Connection Release
Call Forward Setup

n
o
p

Figure 60: Optimal Routing with Late Call Forwarding (GSM Foreign Mode) Success Case
a.

ANSI-41 MSC-A receives a call origination stimulus from Subscriber A.

b.

The ANSI-41 MSC-A sends an ANSI-41-Location Request message for routing information to Subscriber B's ANSI-41
HLR with the MSCID address of the originating MSC (ANSI-41 MSC-A).

c.

Subscriber B's ANSI-41 HLR determines that Subscriber B is roaming at MSC-B and sends a ANSI-41-Routing
Request message number with the MSCID address of the ANSI-41 MSC-A received in step b. to an IIF acting on behalf
of MSC-B to get a roaming number.

d.

The IIF relays this request to GSM MSC/VLR-B by sending a GSM-Provide Roaming Number message. The IIF
generates two parameters: the Call Reference number (for the VLR/MSC-B to use in the GSM-RCH) and the GMSC
address set to the IIF address, to indicate that the IIF is capable of supporting optimal routing for late call forwarding.

e.

GSM MSC/VLR-B acknowledges the GSM - Provide Roaming Number message with the Mobile Subscriber Roaming
Number (MSRN).

f.

Upon receipt of this message, the IIF sends the TLDN to Subscriber B's ANSI-41 HLR in the ANSI-41-Routing Request
message.

g.

Subscriber B's ANSI-41 HLR relays this information to ANSI-41 MSC-A via the ANSI-41-Location Request
(Acknowledgment) message.

h.

ANSI-41 MSC starts a call setup procedure using TLDN (MSRN) as Subscriber B's called address at GSM MSC/VLRB. The incoming call can not be terminated at GSM MSC/VLR-B because of reasons such as Busy, Not Reachable, or
No Reply.

i.

Since the GMSC address and the Call Reference Number parameters were present in the GSM-Provide Roaming
Number message the GSM MSC-B sends a GSM-Resume Call Handling message to the IIF with the received Call

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Reference number and all necessary information required for call forwarding.
If optimal routing is not supported, the call is forwarded by GSM MSC-B using the forwarding information available.
j.

When optimal routing is supported and the IIF receives the GSM-Resume Call Handling message, the IIF sends an
ANSI-41-Redirecion Request message with the Redirection Reason to the ANSI-41 MSC-A supporting subscriber A's
call origination attempt.

k.

The ANSI-41 MSC-A passes this Redirection Reason to the Subscriber B's ANSI-41 HLR in the ANSI-41-Transfer To
Number message to get call forwarding number information.

l.

Based on the Redirection Reason, the ANSI-41 HLR returns the corresponding forwarded-to number to ANSI-41
MSC/VLR-A.

m. If ANSI-41 MSC-A received forwarded-to number from ANSI-41 HLR, it sends ANSI-41-Redirection Request
(Acknowledgment) message to the IIF.
In case of an error, ANSI-41 MSC-A rejects the redirection request. The IIF then returns a GSM-Resume Call Handling
Error message to GSM MSC-B, which then attempts to forward the call to MSC-C using the forwarding information
available.
n.

Upon receiving the ANSI-41-Redirection Request (Acknowledgment) in step m., the IIF sends a GSM-Resume Call
Handling Acknowledgment message to GSM MSC-B.

o.

The ANSI-41 MSC-A releases all circuit-associated resources specific to GSM MSC/VLR-B.

p.

The ANSI-41 MSC-A starts a call setup procedure using the call forwarded-to number as Subscriber B's address at
MSC-C.

Proposal
The IIF may be simplified and signaling traffic reduced if the ANSI-41 HLR provides CFB and CFNA numbers along with
the profile. New procedures may be defined to send this optional information to the IIF.
The HLR could send E.164 numbers for CFB and CFNA in regnot, qualreq, and QUALDIR. The IIF would then map these
numbers to the GSM Forwarding information list in the INSERT SUBSCRIBER DATA operation. The CFB number maps
to GSM Call Forwarding on Mobile Subscriber Busy. The CFNA number maps to both GSM Call Forwarding on Mobile
Subscriber Not Reachable and Call Forwarding on No Reply. The HLR could also send a NoAnswerTime parameter that
the IIF would map to the No reply condition timer in the Forwarding information list (5 to 30 seconds, in steps of 5
seconds.)
Note that GAIT also supports interworking with the GSM optimal routing feature, but not all carriers and infrastructure will
support this feature. Support for call forwarding from the GSM serving system is required.

Recommendation
Consider the proposal. If supported, Qualcomm will develop detailed text for PN-4925.