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3as EPH Math2 L03
3as EPH Math2 L03
.I
.II
.III
.IV
.V
) + (
.VI ) + (
.VII
hasard)
" "
.
: 11
( 60 10
50 30 .
22
LucaPacioli (1517 -1445)
)
NiccoloTartaglia
22
)(
.I - :
.1 1
.2
.
.3
.
.4
32
.1
5 4 3 2 1 :
.6
.2
:
S = {2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12}
12
2 12
.3
:
S ={3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18}
.4
30
32
)(
)( n
[P
F P P P]
F F P P]
[F
. 5
[ 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 5]
[1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5] . 10
7 7 7 9 9 9]
[7
4 5 6 7 8 9]
[3
. 7
) (
) (
) (
)(
:
]
P F P P]
[F
)=ENT(6 ALEA()+1
6 5 4 3 2 1
. F9
) (
5 4 3 2 1
)=ENT(6 ALEA()+1
6 . F9
A1
J2
)=ENT(6 ALEA()+1
20
J10 100
J100
1000
)
( .
F9
{6 5 4 3 2 1}
N1
6 5 4 3 2 1
=NB.SI($A$1:$J$2N1)/20
N2
) 20
N1
S1
=NB.SI($A$1:$J$2N1)
( A1:J2
N2
S2
.1
N3
=NB.SI($A$1:$J$10N1)/100
100
S3
.1
N4
=NB.SI($A$1:$J$100N1)/1000
1 1000
S4
.1
M1:S4
.
.
F9
1
; 1, 667
6
) (
10
.
:
10
1000
100
A1
J1000
))(=ENT(2 ALEA
))(=ENT(2 ALEA
. 1
M2
=NB.SI(A1:A101)/10
1 )10
(.
V2
M3
=NB.SI(A1:A1001)/100 . V3
M4
=NB.SI(A1:A10001)/1000 . V4
... .
0,5
.
F9
.II :
.6
.1
.
(
(
( 8
6 3
2 5 4
.2
( .
(
. 8
(
xi
P (xi )
xi
xi
pi
.1
( 2 3)
5:
( : 4
23
6
( :
11 10 9 8 7 6 5
. 5
. 4
8 = 2 + 6 =3 + 5
.5
.2(
3 = 5
4 = 6
4 = 7
6 =9
6 =8
5 = 9
5 = 8
5 = 7
6 = 11
6 =10
. 10
( 10 8 2
8
1
5
10
1
10
11
1
10
9
1
5
8
1
5
7
1
5
6
1
10
5
1
10
xi
pi
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + + +
= 1
10 10 5 5 5 10 10
= ) P(x
= { x1 x2 L xn }
xn
...
x1
xi
fn
...
f1
fi
pn L p2 p1
= 1
xn
...
x1
xi
pn
...
p1
p i
0 p i 1
W = { x1 x2 L xn }
xi
pi p1 + p2 + L + pn = 1
xn
...
x2
x1
xi
pn
...
p2
p1
pi
. R
p( X = xi ) = pi
* ) (
: ) (
( V R)
xi
2 1 0 :
X
) ( V R)
( R V)
.15
X = 0) p( X = 0)
(.
1
15
=p( X = 0) = p (R R)
8
15
6
=p( X = 2) = p (V V)
15
== 1) = p (V R)
p ( X
xi
6
15
8
15
1
15
pi
( R V)
( V R)
( :
6 . 30
p( X = 0)
.2 1
2
1
=
30 15
=p( X = 0) = p (R R)
16 8
=
30 15
=p( X = 1) = p (( V R ) , ( R V ))
12 2
=
30 5
2
12
30
=p( X = 2) = p(( V V ))
1
16
30
xi
0
2
30
pi
)
(
:
6 . 36
p( X = 0)
. 4
:
4 1
=
36 9
=p( X = 0) = p (R R)
16 4
=
36 9
16 4
=p( X = 2) = p(( V V ))
=
36 9
=p( X = 1) = p (( V R ) , ( R V ))
xi
4
9
4
9
1
9
pi
1 5
5 4 3 2 1
" " 4
" "
.1
A B
.2
.
A B
.1
25 5
25
5 5
125
: A
L 4 L
)
( 4
5 1 5
25
1
=
125 5
25
p(A) =
: B
5 5 2 50
50
2
=
125 5
p(B) =
.2
20 3
20
4 3
60
A
12 1
=
60 5
p(A) =
4 1 3 12
24 2
=
60 5
p(B) =
4 3 2
24
1 5
.1
{ 5 4 3}
.2
.1
2 1
.2
p( X = 3)
X = 3
{ 5 4 3}
2 1
.3
3 2 1 . 6
6
1
=
60 10
p( X = 4)
X = 4
= p( X = 3)
2 1
3 3 2 .18
:
18
3
=
60 10
= p( X = 4)
.3
36 6
=
60 10
= p( X = 5)
5
6
10
3
1
10
4
3
10
xi
pi
.III :
.1
) II .(10
10
1
10
11
1
10
9
1
5
8
1
5
7
1
5
5
1
10
6
1
10
xi
pi
V = Pi ( xi - m )
i=1
xi
pi
.2
2 2 1 1 0
. 3
X Y
)(
)(.
.1
.X
.2
.X
.3
.1
11
1
10
10
1
10
9
1
5
7
1
5
8
1
5
xi
5
1
10
6
1
10
pi
)
( :
1
[1 5 + 1 6 + 2 7 + 2 8 + 2 9 + 110 + 111] = 8
10
= m = Pi xi
i= 1
Pi ( xi - m )
i=1
= V m =8
xi
11
1
10
10
1
10
9
1
5
8
1
5
7
1
5
6
1
10
5
1
10
pi
xi - m
36
( xi - m )
1
[1 36 + 1 4 + 2 1 + 2 0 + 2 1 + 1 4 + 1 9]= 5, 7
10
=V
.2
)(
.
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
+
0
1
1
2
2
3
X
2
( xi - m )
m =3
xi - m
xi
1
36
4
36
8
36
10
36
8
36
4
36
1
36
P ( X = xi)
xi - m
( xi - m )
)(
.
Y
2
( xi - m )
xi - m
m = 2, 25
3
0
3
3
6
6
9
2
0
2
2
4
4
6
2
0
2
2
4
4
6
1
0
1
1
2
2
3
1
0
1
1
2
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
yi
1
36
4
36
4
36
4
36
8
36
4
36
11
36
P (Y = yi)
6,75
3,75
1,75
0,06
1,56
xi - m
2
( xi - m ) 5,06
mx
1
108
= 3
=[1 0 + 4 1 + 8 2 + 10 3 + 8 4 + 4 5 + 1 6 ]
36
36
= 1,83
Pi ( xi - m x)
i=1
= Vx
= mx
my
1
81
[0 11 + 1 4 + 2 8 + 3 4 + 4 4 + 6 4 + 9 1] = = 2, 25
36
36
= 4, 97
= my
- m y
Pi ( xi
i=1
= Vy
.3
Px
i i
= m = p1 x1 + p2 x2 + .....+ pn xn
i= 1
V = Pi ( xi - m )
i=1
= s
( xi - m )
"
." m
) ( x
xi
xi
V = Pi x i2 - m 2
i = 1
xi
xi
xi
xi +
m +
A B
6 10
1 2 3 4
5
6
7
8
4
5
6
7
3
4
5
6
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
) (1
).(2
{ 8 7 6 5 4 3 2}
X
.16
{ 10 8 6 4 2 0 2}:
: X =2
4
1 3
3
16
= p ( X =2)
10
1
16
8
2
16
6
3
16
4
4
16
2
3
16
0
2
16
xi
2
1
16
p i
:
7
Pi xi
i= 1
1
[1 ( -2) + 2 0 + 3 2 + 4 4 + 3 6 + 2 8 + 1 10 ]= 4
16
= m
=
) (:
:
16
1
16
12
3
16
14
2
16
10
8
3
16
10
4
16
6
2
16
4
1
16
p i
xi
m = 10 - 6 = 4 :
{ 10 8 6 4 2 0 2}
.( A
m = m - 4 = 0
6 .
20
.
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.3
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240
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3 ( 3 17 16 ) + 3 ( 3 2 17 ) + ( 3 2 1)
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)(
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: xi
: P
i
xi
xi
pi
...
...
.1 ) (
.
.2
.
.3
.
Px
i i
= m = p1 x1 + p2 x2 + .....+ pn xn
i= 1
V = Pi ( xi - m )
i=1
= s
n
V = Pi x i2 - m 2
i = 1
xi a
.V :
.
.1
.
xi
0,3
pi
80
40
30
10
xi
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,5
pi
xi
pi
0,3
0,2
100
10
0,05
.2
1 6
1 4
.
.
.3
10
0 9 3
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.
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.2
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.
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.2
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60 DA
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:
(
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(
(
.3
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.1
1 20
( 5
.2
:
(
.3
.
.10
X = - 10
X = 10
X = 0
1 6
.1
.X
.2
5 4 3 2 1 .0,12
.11
3
1
5
a
.1
2
1
4
x i
1
3
pi
5
.2 P ( X 2) ) P (X P ( X <1)
2
.12 10 5
10
.15
.1
.2
.X
.3
.X
.4
.5
.6 25)
.13
.P ( X
10DA
5DA
8DA
.4DA
) ( .
.
( .
(
" "
(
.14
1 6
pi
1 i 6
p1 = p2 = p3
p4 = p5 = p6 = 2p1
.
.15
C
B
X =10
X = 5
X = 1
.1 A
5 1 1
9 3 9
.2 .X
.3 .
.16 :
f1 : f2
P1 :
S1 :
. P
P 3
2
. S2
""
.1 "".
.2 :
(
f1 P1 S1
f1 S1
f2
P3
.3 "" .
( .
( .
.17
3 1 1 7 :
)
.1
5 3 1
5 3 1
.7
.2
.3
.18
.
.
.1
.2
.3 :
+a
. - a
( . X
( .
(
.4
.
.1
n - 3
(
(
0,25
.1 pi 0 pi = 1
n
Px
i i
= m
i= 1
V = Pi ( xi - m )
i=1
p ( X = 0) = 1 - (0,3 + 0, 2 + 0, 3) = 0, 2 :
m =1
V = 22
m = 30
V = 710
V =11, 45
.2
m = 0,5
1 2 3 4 5 6
6
2
8
4
5
0
5
0
4
8
2
6
3
6
9
2
2
4
6
8
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
: . :
W = { 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 }
24
xi
1
24
1
8
1
6
1
12
1
6
1
12
5
24
1
24
1
12
pi
.1 .3
m = 4,17
V = 6,39
10:
(
1
2
3
10
.2
10 9 90
5 4
90
2
9
8
15
3 2 + 7 6
90
3 2
76
. 3 2 + 7 6
X W = { 0 1 2 }
X = 0
76
7
= p( X = 0)
=
:
90
15
X = 1
3 2
1
=
90
15
2 ( 3 7) 7
=
90
15
X = 2
= p( X = 1)
= p( X = 0)
2
1
15
X
1
7
15
0
7
15
xi
pi
.1 .4
m = 0,6
.2
F F F
F F P
F P F
P
F
F P P
P F F
P
F
P F P
P P F
P
F
P P P
F
F
P
F
.3
.4
4
8
0,5
X
3
1
8
2
3
8
m = 1,5
1
3
8
0
1
8
xi
pi
. .36
.1
.2
6
36
7 = 1+ 6 = 2 + 5 = 3 + 4 = 4 + 3 = 5 + 2 = 6 +1
1
6
. 7
7
.3
6
36
1
6
.4
X W X = { 0 1 2}
Y WY = { 0 1 2 3}
X
2
1
4
VX = 0,5
9
36
1
4
m X = 1
1
1
2
0
1
4
xi
pi
6
6
12
18
24
30
36
5
5
10
15
20
25
30
4
4
8
12
16
20
24
3
3
6
9
12
15
18
2
2
4
6
8
10
12
3
1
9
.1 .6
2
1
3
1
5
36
0
5
12
yi
pi
mY = 1,12
VY = 0, 79
:
) (
.2
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
1 2 3 0 1 2
2 0 2 0 2 0
3 2 1 0 3 2
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 2 3 0 1 2
2 0 2 0 2 0
... .
36
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) (
2 6 - 2
62
62
729
.0, 085
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:
60
70
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30
29
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30
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18
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11
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11
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17
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17
12
27
12 17 27
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.20
5
20
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16
20
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.2
20 19
. 380
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380
1
19
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380
3
38
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X W X = { 0 1 2 3}
3
1
114
2
5
38
xi
0
91
228
1
35
76
pi
X = 2
5 4
15
3 15 5 4
. 900
m X = 0,75
VX = 0, 46
.1 .10
10
1
6
.2
1
6
0
4
6
10
xi
1
6
pi
p(6) = 1 - 5 0,12 = 0, 4 :
10
10
xi
0,4
0,48
0,12
pi
.11
.1
pi = 1
.2P ( X 2) = P ( X = 2) + P ( X = 3) + P ( X = 4)
5
P ( X ) = P ( X = 3) + P ( X = 4)
2
P ( X < 1) = P ( X = -1)
.1 .12
.45
X W X ={ 20 25 30}
.2
.3
X
30
2
9
.4
.5
25
5
9
20
2
9
m = 25
V = 11,111
xi
pi
10 9
.1.13( ) R
(.
10 DA
5 DA
8 D A
4 DA
4 DA
) 3
+ 4 6
4 6
. 27
+ 4 1
.5
" "
5
27
W W = { - 4 - 5 8 10 }
10
1
27
.4
-5
2
27
8
4
27
-4
20
27
xi
pi
m = -1, 78
.14
pi = 1
.15
3p r 2
p r 2
r 2
5p
p r 2
.1 .1 "".
6
f1 P1 S1
f1 P1S2
f1 P2 S1
f1 P2S2
f1 P3 S1
f1 P3S2
f 2 P1 S1
f 2 P1S2
f 2 P2 S1
f 2 P2S2
f 2 P3 S1
f 2 P3S2
S1
S2
S1
S2
S1
S2
S1
S2
S1
S2
S1
S2
P1
P2
P 3
P1
P2
P 3
f1
f 2
.9
.2 :
(
(
f1 P1
f1
S1
S1
f2
3
12
1
12
. 0, 25
P
3
4
12
1
3
.3 ""
f1 P1 S1
:
(
P1
S1
1
12
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7
4444
f1
256
1
6
7 5 3 1
) .(
.2
1
256
.3
L 1 0
1
10 000
.18
.100
.1
49
100
.2
.3
+a
+2 a
49
100
0
42
100
58
100
. - a
-2 a
9
100
xi
pi
4
a
5
9
49
+ 2a
100
100
= - 2a
( 1
.4
= 0,25
49
+ 7 )( n + 7)
(n
5
4
.m
.a
49
+ 7 )( n + 7)
n = 7
(n
.0,25
.VI :
.
.
(1 :
3
1
114
xi
0
1
5
a
pi
114
1
= .a
(
19
2
11
19
7
(
19
1
= .a
(
114
=
.a
( = 0
(2
.a
(1)
( ; 0,55
.m
( ; 1, 24
.m
(3
1 5
( ; 1,55
( ; 1,19
.m
.m
( = 5, 21
.m
( m = - 6
( m = 5
( = 6
.m
(4
0, 45
( 0, 45
( 0, 40
( 0,55
( 0,50
(5 25
15
20
% 60
% 80
.
:
25
(
35
7
.
(
10
12
(
35
24
.
(
35
.
.
(1
(
. 6
(
.
(
3
8
= 1,5
.m
(
.4
(2
(
3 2 2 1 1 1
1 . 3
(
3 2 2 1 1 1
1
(
1
3
3 2 2 1 1 1
3
1
6
2
1
3
1
1
2
xi
pi
3 2 2 1 1 1
m ; 1, 67 :
3 2 2 1 1 1
.
(3
( 3
7 .220
.220
(
7
44
(
5
35
132
35
144
.
(1.
(2.
(4.
.
(3
(5.
(1
(2
(3
.VII :
.1 06)
2 1 1 0
.2 2 1 1
.
.1 :
( .
( .
( .
.2 .
.1
( . X
(
. s
.1
8 7 6 . 336
0,75
2 ( 4 3 2)
336
1
7
0,75
( 3 2 1) + ( 4 3 2)
336
0,75
5
56
6 ( 1 3 4)
336
0,75
3
14
.2
( . X
X = 0 X = 3
4 3 2
. 24
40,25
X = 1 X = 2
3 ( 4 4 3 )
3
1
14
1
3
7
2
3
7
m = 1,5
; 0, 73
. s
.144
0
1
14
xi
pi
20,5
.2 08)
.4 .
.1 :
(
(
.2
( . X
(
. s
2
5
5
5
5
6
6
... .
2
5
5
5
5
6
6
1
4
4
4
4
5
5
1
4
4
4
4
5
5
1
4
4
4
4
5
5
1
4
4
4
4
5
5
+
3
3
3
3
4
4
.1 :
(
16
36
20
36
4
9
5
9
.2
( . X
X = 4 X = 5
X = 6
. 16
.4
6
1
9
(
5
4
9
m = 4, 67
; 0, 44
. s
4
4
9
xi
pi