CFDL 1 “A 4. Linear ——— ers en Jue bs chang e> cn velocity , preasulc, Ty important effec€ treater accurately caveetion- dominateck — problerns Coe —sneed bs be 2 au : oon) ee NS (+ 4) 7 "TS exp. : consistent stab, analy tuo Neumann OCet ax)swept dowostrean and eloer wor affect J, Ntd- node information 91.2 Upwind dilferencing and ee of) Coes differencing» wre the CFL condibion differencing, brare cl _ Cowarts Lh ste Ce low Cc omed — fui oitive » WO backward difference dormula fr aethe clevelopmert deminatet by o4 ay, flow ab J ° being pe clea. es a ( vpverd) hirectionr. Shoulel not rave many that enformation- than one spa biel gnd interval More. ay PE Lime ste ats case colcuho ban crpt) TS _exp- ; a ! ae oT + uae oss - o% UAY oie + 0(at? sx*) =O 2 } oe Ke ye a Conriskea & Leven ca bio ertot "acne, bx) >see that upwind differencior resulled mn a lorry of or AS re qcturagyKeon ee or. oe ex = a 2 FB fat), yd (AP) a? 2 aE = iCute )= 45, (SE) oe Le Sulstute inbe @ oT ar xf Ol - oS uax (1- c) Se, + Olat’, eee ox Se ehfe cbkive (husk * sdayforen\ge. har dovrbeltderive enng: *) Sa solwin wok truncatior orrot O(sx*, at?) iYusivit)oo. of upwind differencing, Con and forward differen cia % fac oT at oO Urbrodure ey artificial 2 Lun physical Foor | Se ee ae unweated numerical effusion. by Wainy ~“G=1 ¢ dij}univity Yer der linear. Conv. € 49. , out not gers ellg pole for noniineel CG. n —pa 4 reoult , First or dar upwind diffecencin by rarely uneck. +9.1.3 Leap 104, and Lax Wend reff Schamey As we aid for the Aurion egn 2 ue bey to emprove accuracy by wsing centered differences A ard order un Space and bume —~ heapfeg ne thod ntl | n a bine Ts See t) e oration )| Fon Hernan 2 abo a jajea to oF ert |@) >4 doe cy | Gt Lop frog ae G nrutrally sioble, a co oe Lakee Powmaticarn poine along,Hectral stalrilily 4 good mr — Princple eee. aoidys artificial haw ping . a Stud how the computahenal hoded interact A compute bienak neockey tajer mation we have 2 seh Ural don't exchange — 7 an tee progr oe ca io oo tw spit Solutions —P Can —? Greate giza exist Jor over Coming hu be pee lemma ti cLay-Weadeoff me thod eS ee ( efficient method : popula for ao corrnprensi ble flouls ) tee agnor § scombruct & second order’ CATT dee F dro TS: mM oan et] at? att)’ 0 3 TT, vat H+ Sa =) on Ge ar | | _ J oT hate a 5A + O(at?) | (+) li with eu ae wa or ar (= at—> Lox - weadrol method effectively feplaces t U with Spatiok an bare, darivative_ a aM time _dativative WN De te ne co ;cowinkeat , o¢@42, 084) sthle for C&L So far: explicit schemes Now! tmp ici Stheme 94 Crank -Micolson Schome cecal: complet methoR » spatiod docive We See by averaging Lime lerelyr 19 u (oS by, Ty +08 Line ie 2 C st opesatet om 20,25 ¢ |; nel a cls a O28 cT jx, +7," - 0.25 nae =~ osc Gy be sovet “Fiiasonal scr of S03 800 efficenty by Thome? ?OCat*, ax?) ) uncondition ally stable r Ay DAK Remember Omplicit scene, were Adon tagesten for diffurion. egn. ~ One ceanons Che resulting supe of coupled eqn allowed erety noe bo affect ewuy other node wen wer juat ome time Sty Which ™meanr effec bively on ‘Un pinite Propagation velocity. Ths io exactly how in formation shoulel pepagate. a. chi fanion, eqn » 4 ‘ ahowever § un hyperbdlic. problema, tnformation. should piqagate along charackrinbies with Ainide. seeedk > umpucit Schinw, with they paide are not well suiked propagation velocity ore 008 Coell seared fer yyper bolic ploblens. deg num, extampler with the above Hous # stea owns metholy qi1.5 Linear convection. of 4 truncated Sine Wart ——— TOK) = Sin( lo x) ofxE O24 =o o.1exet - [ess T(0,t) =O 4 - : oT aT hols yesiole- ue ot OxShould be convected along without S —--- Change wv Shape 2 O% gic bw Slerre ena ale exact Sot. for CSTE Lage heme, ater KEL Curenrer vert ee oa ao) oe xeut Se ; urhearighebeat cre #) = Sia} iom(xue)] bs *S upto? 1.0 ° ut+o7 exe . qT Valgn flgtea mob newer pred Ole dover med Mrastighee A -Upwind Solution with c2o.2 at correct speek, bub 4 Wane e or agates doped un physical , dae és artiiciak diffurion derm . hae = Weadoatf + <= 0:8- exacé Solution numericad Solution. eet ™ See —— at vareleegee® . ‘de Wave number > still reduced @ bit, the at the dot) oot Propagate small waver wn the Wore comert velocity, ek ot Ue eyC=0.8 primary Wane trauching, boo Slowly, large Aa pesive wave. > opreret probed + Men dirryontion Cdamping ) , disperion Cencorrecté PY: vel.) ipation 27 A dispersion G2 Num. hiss Hw umper ton b tha t um. sche) do not much® introduce @) hun, diripotion voe a tificiad dbiffunion effects (damper eompl 2)@ Mm, dupession , ie. alke te correct Plopaga tion velocity of Wee? What & eaporenible qe Analyze dwo gna related the 7 linzac convection 2g? velocity «no chomae tate ___Plopegabioneq he. Vuwres ear (AV ean) a ~ vac Ls different propagation velocities ¢ doce differcat Wore Aumisers 7 ! —& Short ware, propagate == More =r | oO Oe (lg es different Ware Numbers propagate at : chopase different speets » Ce. eley ie “re dompinnfeo thre eguationy @ on OO) ; = even ot dered spatial derivatives Ft related to demipatien. — odd - ordarecl sea bie dorivalixg te t diy celabet && TSI cupteben eet 7 Ucee skulle vas baer! Ye brun cation Site —» She on : the spabied a Scheme oe of tip cha inphysicallg derivat Be cee lf Une num. Serene y belly vr 4 the seme Ubrodutey dimipation on tape hon. first order upwind scheme hey e. 9 : : oe Ceadhing. order truncation eftot oe 5 ivbedutes gbrong aa tijiciad divspation ,CC [crb23 G.% Steady convection - diffusion eqn —— Se ooo of convection and depo dence < qiyzo 4,107 q + us Dound ay on 1 yayer Te 4 pehaviowt Cae Ltcommen — probler~ of numerical solutions ¢ soscillatin G3 Cebl Reynlds number? effects dincrelite e°4r with c4eateced 3 point FD J on =O = (1405 Rect JT, + 27, - (1-0-5 Reel) To 1 called ‘coll Regn qumber" Vike, OF charac terahc beconne 4A uw longth . strictly, Reet a ie Go Reynolds number J Vecoure wo not the Viscosity , but a Scale oleffurion. coefficien t i —» Shade be called cl Peclet number aATS + consistent , oO (Ax*) dacretizatior AX doberman BKekh Rell = 4 ok num, Sol, Rete = 2 on, tn the boundary 4, “Ree = 4 ose. everywhere — Rell har be soy below certain Unit dor ee sol. oscwlations Com be presented by upwind Scheme > bub we untroduce_ num: donination — Lady to inace rate solution be obtainedG4 One dimerdionad Lranspott e4n 3 3 > * 3 8 aFY. Explicit schemes T= —————__—— FTCS: FTES 7 “an 7 =a Tt a a x on SY _enl = (seose)T + (1-259; +(s-05¢ Th oC ats AF) TS: conrislen by 78 expansion. —> leading ot dee” oe error bermseffective modified en. aT aT oT sie Us 7 (a-#')E 2 ee IT - (duat (ie yee ee =o 3 6 ox* - artifice’ oh. dispelsion. Hd: physical if fusion. ee diffusion 1[E>a\ [oflea the come a flows) sible Oe: Mame enpelen —_ — Nd a f sy prpicak difivoion baktr order dor a ee | a / ee = Urat 2 Be ———— 2o ae cre # Dx a be tough rerichore -—5 b's ty pk order Sime differencing a Eeoe Loplicit scheme ae pole es ne ) 0 Sn TT; a a + O0.5U Tae Tyan Tes Aa% Bar At nip a at Tj. ~27; + Ba Pao Fi 20 ova (E 4 + : aes DXeConsyter t OCAE*, ax? ) — bebler wht or bificiak urr\patior a vor Menmann : un conde tionally stable Lo avoid osctMlations + Rell te & Fapulor oproach : dyertine cont 2° SP So ae I yive Lely umplicitly ore. oa eo CFD sumulabion’® Gs aD kronor SYn+l qe Gs. +0.5Cx)T J-yk + (1-25x-2sy)]j _ Js + (54 - OS Cx) i. ( a kd hi + (5 t08C Tin k y, Ji . + ly 22%) FG, Jiktlmajor problem for mulbidumeenionad b tt. eon = "Cross Shreanr dffnrion” , be. Affunor 2 eo ee dffurion of heat normal bo flow direction Ly Ty 7Te Q5.1 Cross-streayn diffusion —— ww 1D: upwind differencing, Cnrtroduted num. awhid the 2*0 oft normal & flows cherec tion. we aapeine upwind Siaerctieel on for oT aT yd Boprint_cenkeed ex? by : Ss aT tncin for oe and By?q: velocity magnitu cle 5, longentiak Lhe flo at bificial deffsivitionic mony boundary layer, A Shear Layer jet flows, walee flows ' problens , we hare 2 ar ot ot = ar bificiod ce an 22 56e stream [prion tan become very large dune gue orto Sia . avoid guth ar bificiat did duniv lyon. ot t ax —o Ve du i ude + ot ox oe fee Vineor Convec Gio @lart_dopleri oven Lo be coceful when problems , PR hae Binece BEG, the convectve ferme te avoid in krocknciN ax tr }iciokd higher otter dorivaiwes , which Gad be artificial dinspation © °F Dreetsion . yyy OFT Elles, Navier-Stateos § Convective ber Nonlneel (ye Ure deat equation study difficulties that may afrse; eo kry out anproacher ie eee then.Slandara > equation t 40 8 oe iy OG below. 8's eqn. hes gore Brown Exact Solution, vy tt tee toe tbg th Ceperene of ek cea Cheerelicak analyrr & ales more ifficalt , dus te Aonlineariy . €.g. von Neumann analagprir strictly wertks only for Linear eqn. - welll hare tx tneackae num. ame te omly Von VeumannS analyst - nonlinearity a number comporen€s 4S e Smaller length scales Can be gerero ek, eid, very steere durcon Liaui iy (rc wore) Con pore from smooth initial conditions +qeninto” Ai usire cowectiVe Ler berm effects of ieee Joc ox erypicod add sveeoity nonlinear tY ue al uw % or hayare ope (hasyere uw) => hayere heatighe ge Agr = esnyen.dircontinuly ts cleveloyr , Nonlinearity allows convec beck faster flenjors of large ee than requ of smaller u. A oe ee Jere, OF present mubbiveturec& solukione » Efect visconity # bendy be smooth owe solulion. . When gradient become, Very skeen > ebfect of viscoui ty lncrea2e evolution of diseentinui ty m~ > prevent alternative Lorman a of Burrs cant thn the “connervatve a Se An egn uw sed to be n Corvye Vva Fut for Ball the spati ot dap ivativer joe he en po ok divergence bernie _ax ax? ox os -v.(F-Y¥ =) Ox pen See forms gure Mallemattcally , meer oe conserva Ye fore numeri cay the often han be ker computation a eopertien, introduce by soluliorny, bul Computationad pobers nentincerti ty + sintes ac fie of different Ware numlecdSs €4, U(x) ~ siax Ou — ~ C&K aX drone y wee anbes Ou ' oe oXK x eSdecormpasc UCx) Unts t§ Fourier Components —? aX wil Aenea lugher wows NUmioers, —e Shorter Wont long ths ao maker Sure that Our cormputationcd merxn Can rersoWwe these shor ber wave leng thy the & might be generate ch Chrougnont the simulation, otherwise Saletion moghe be VY bec TO unstable. 347 Explicit schemes —— ” a Ua - Luf + Vie bX =O -_-TF we want de wre ton Meumannr stability analysis e 1Tenperatiy freee Ui’ 55 te Unearited eqn. The that we Con Study approach anil be jertified strictly Lneare tically, but oflen works ca practice, Equivalent cowservativ' duscee bizationg = ; ak centred 204 ordar FD ware Fee oo ~~ Lregtment oh_connectivee More accurate berm, Con be achieved vy wring Y- point upwind differencing 6 scheme * (aie order’) Lyee Wet L xP Fie 2) Gs Bae 5.2 ~ 3 3, ~ “Fa AG) CE Sax ee ee ee 2Ax% eg = —» O(4x) Awd order gerd yee 4 pernts 10,1,3% Lomeeit Schemes Xe “Sled 6 2 i WUL See Chat non linear acts to A compucation oe (urn)* ens fey us 4 oe ee (Fe at ose (us AAA a ae oe [7 xx Gd at ee og rat % 4would Lee bo wre Gaun ein “2 Them o> aka, ’ but note* ast ult naw aperts squas eck Bj OM Unknow ee a tem equation aq tes in phe Fellowing “9” ges Fite ft + ot ae\" sel” : 7 =f +h ff i. — ji i [zi +0.5h' | feet J woe [22 (8 LT—p algerithm becomes ' HOS DEY Lx( wu") - Vlg ur | = n ur n = ul 40.5 vst bw Uj~ ~pobbam a of bridiagonal syplenr dhe forme where a, ber d= £ cas) = awe & be recalculated Ger Seroo a egns V3 _Gmnagy Weer Sa a body : LT, olrtain Une drag of Umper ban & lo im pore ble ao shin be, ak dhe surface — calcula Gor Ww nee om the ete visconrty Ary Viscous Bui: dee 4 tr ; might not Ve oe Gn tole a is Nery hgh _» vise iw weet surface * only eet SS Dat symone Sane Ee cheoper pokatial flour or Ever yrds JocHeld be at prdisbibubien along the surface El Feed Un pressure dusieioution inte a caleulalion of Che - boundary Layer flour near surface compatatanah domain for \ LA. simulator, ! ! \ \ | \ MX dafficien is Sigueficon only in T vocous the walk normal direction (ee) ermal component eA the momen bane 8P 06 eqn. SB replace & by 35 Le Gpeen of bl. PDEs & Par olrolic Cot dlink, wo the Qull mS. eqns) o~“7 caformakion prepaga te ty the downy tear duection omlys ct camnot propagate wiblreant. x-herectior Ut time -Utee can breot fonbion => = ca ok ea x-chitec Gore Careful * ) $ trong, Lhe wollte, —» nrech there . Alternative § em ploy bros — Jorma tion, be roe = w-agradien & lan steer gradhen be near emolt ay u-velocty within planes Surface ) equ Me character’ > Real choraclerabics "uflucence” and yr domains of : dependence”ly) lou Stea st L hy : Saminews mncomprerarle 52D: _ toon 4 mors % continuity £3F— eqn. > PX) ee ea we ao the 44. calcula kisrr , ee need & pink awStrategy: Impox Winy) = | | bo remumnd “> of Lime like, abate of x uypretreamn "wibial” emdibion oo diblor- be. | “(x)= ° ns slp on U(x,0) = no noted velocity ab walk u (% 6) ~ He) from earlier inviscid cateulabione |_ farm Yas oe oe momentum eqn © _ egplicit oF Um plicit in * Camb Uke eoriier im Lime)explicit? unpspulat ; becoure staliely requarey very small 2* Uowuallly > prefer Umplicit stepping wn K-direcbien 13.4.2 Implicct scheme populer on Yorn ede & wif q Z x-chic (time-like) atl Ou? osu du _ Sul Dupe OP + OC ax") ox AK ydic r , oe lu Use 7 oF? | ee olay*) Y Ary \ ovaluabecl ak unknown x-level 2 | if as! an uj = 2a" 7 miavpict | + Oley*) : aaGenk: get = Hitar sytem of opm for nat nt ati Wyn ) a ; Wye ; Ce. der velocity voaluey 2b x-lerek nt oe cae LermS of PDEs ¥ Se hee eyo oe era 7 ay SNe?> we_extegolated Vil ST se extrapolated values form Ceo! “gata” Grainger of DoT Ae er Ioningen plcaingen frenat GL (uj - uy") + OCAK*) —> Gel bridiagenak Ger unknow™ werignesY L _ Sh (aus uf" a with A, (Cave 2 ay*Cree n t sy NY 7S dy - ( 20 ur") (2% -0.544") + AX Pe yt doin. any x jom unviscid __ ee: mica (4-0) 3 Poorer mca Ca for Uy sine WC jenour Wl y-0) = 0 ) (no sir) tv system of ak Y® a eqns ve peymnn | Rae Uae HE a) > on kno OU = ue maxdow une _conblaws egn & ott! 7 Aucretize * * 0s [(us uf" 24} 4osu'') 2 + (1 sup - Qa, oan ")] Stork With U, =e » then qe step by Stee Co oe bo a Ce 3 usfttse VS a scheme or ute 2 oCax say") Combine _uncondationally Stable —? good method But: Clin om % BloreR srheme a oe no ote needek bs coleulab-e n+ —» first steye needy to be baleen with a — Auferert Rl scheme ,a) 13.4,2 Keller - Box scheme kee dance hee bd. eqns. Ceae ee oe Keller-Bor me thod method, 7° & gw So mol, generar ee be eqns. Main feature only 4* dorivebiver con b the diffecortiok egns. ie OBS saan Mery vatialle 9 related oe Shear strer%ducrebectton Within 2 eK Ce only centered difference ecole ant pt weege ' re Le w ceprereats cave 4 aisadvantage of dircceerzaton — within a box: only yas ot cornels of one 2% are use h —> nm-wndetm 5 cee bangular gtids can Ge und withee & any problere .Discre Fe form of the bd egns becomed Z b ptons apply “hin Aiwcete fore at jt t with -» 34 nonllneat coup 99 ~ S443 unknown , But we Kno att 4", un, ust unth ot Unknow n> > 34 eg . —> well posed— sptem 67 be sowed with Newhmn eration > popular method for Zp bL eqns B22 wW Groundaty dayer flour Nod we hove 2 coorelin a curectiony Ua the Plame per albel d, the weak, Withn there planer. the flow hay nyper balk characte - giss: 3D bf. floss olen inves Cuore Sur lace> oA bodive => Ofkn we WH surface - tited coor dinatey or, more recently 5 nmnerse A Dun dory methods,Steady , incomprersivle 3D bh flour ? bo the surface = a Go Ge ee at ee have be Pe or, equivalently, Wes We of the bd. a preser Ur eck at the edgeae arisymmetric lee day with a pony ket an) need le, only ab one print ( tip) Swept wing! need. Ce aden the entice leading edge 4.2.1 "Subrcharac bers be. behaviowr Kye ducec Were > only convective behaviour mordtly Biffunion occurs y- direcion * Aching sulrcharacteri sti es ow x ,& 7 planer fom conwective. eperator $+ duection 04 Sifeamlia e- q velocity magritudedurection of characteristic tin an K,/t~plane guren wD (z-2\ t clovagh i so pd i oo the weH- Wank uu , and 2, ey nocmohk direc ore » vt “5 Ce different ovale > Ce. afferent he wrk ; we obbon of charac keristics. bey vo with 4 dirtances fr differen’ directionce & Fae brovely ty darechior. wn xX, plane y-level ; it will immediately cer bar at some be felt at A Phe wets -normal all othe” yrlevels ar wel, becanre 2 otw and ay" that will Pt InluenceR at 7 ert P Gre spec by What hopper a Gre by the of derec Hon of th characleristhics of influence ef P “orm ot 4 dopn dence of P: per tuseation’s m whch pact of the flow tield can Mare OL affect om what hanpevs rb ee " Doman Stentor *—> Which location» hove domainy of ted en ce that clude P @ : it. afe give , ie yaitiod data are \enown ia St —> flas Imprtant fre Raowving, where bF specidy Cie.o merc. in X- dice chiore @ prarabalic ow netol are pre oe order cmplicit adients hecectiore » strong gh the Tae normak - mo live acids oo advent ager of 7 like mt thoes [ow # core bce lion. bor We Qon-vni forer [oD 6 eo 4 secct tyingo Jy. Supersonic iaviccid «= Flour speck of Codlocity 47) ber Sound ; ™ a natdHaA <| ee Shock, —— a I m«<1 e - MeL subsonic = = ~ m=? Sonic Man probe reef shoes dy fewmn Continue mechanics spol of view oy dancon Ch a» fioile difference scheme stot a uncon Hawiticn (shocks) » eo 7 nat : £duffunion or ade vrcillah'orr ( dumpassion) > Gils _ghenereni— ie Gites Grvomme (eu Fourier Leerafotm) gria See cox > VOY Fine shockers cevieldel) Remedy! Variable — vhe Ube exact locabeorn of & ghucle 15802 b Raswn +i the shock na not satiety va e— cegenrrate gid wey tine ste 3 Car he shocte oneves) — dfhiculia eee darelopere® techni quer heve aes: nue —> Seecial Cn Gee hereloptdh toY.1 Preliminary Consideration ee Sheodag Flour fe MeL (subsonic flow) » Elliphe behosriowe + Uyperosdic pebaviowt” Mer (supose yw) ington hancosly wove/prepagahon 5 tic? Elliehc? Felt peek + chorae feris tC Wee ge6 purely — supsonic Alou wfo subrenic fegizn embed de h — e con march in time Cspace)’ — explicit techniquer © Unsteady 5 explicit scheme , march im time > centiction iaposecl on Hoe sten Core condition) ae Fluid velocity Pa aiscecbiteh Gane HT é Spattok grid site ab, ak? ai speed of sound Cun gw! cher. speed)» steady sulrsenic /superseni c \ ; f Mact a | mea > ; = a = —r Poeudr -tranrient focmutation : merck in ye tobe rea ——— a steady Solu biort « loxge Lame ste by march in time —» WE implicit sche? types Bote pools # Auntericolly re the & of charac kris tics " Grama, movg tte right" chorac kristic Linen —> Coordinate Liner Ata sno oberacterstic “ned oro eagh other, —> Compurationa® difficu ies pe not Comme — ewymetThe charactervatic form of poe will . CLOVI ae tnjermation, on oun dary canditovs before/after shecle. a @ oh iting with Reakine - sUbake sheote ~ Per regions £ shock at lecation © Hugeni ot conditions Shock, n i ma *, i a a ( th yy ( Up ‘ m = $0) gregremenie . —p Kequves more complica eh Since We do nok know of Shoe. the locahinnShock capturing scheme tn the Gormerving, fstme © fo vce Cee to the solution ol-loin Ye (a) —p We com of equations ‘ ‘wool, form! SS) lune) L (users 067) dadyde =o weight diferente function _pthis form emlomaticlly sabrtics the 4 ' RH - condi tio (jump -conditior) —» smears out the Solubior Cat shock Locations)20 MacCotmack's predictor - Carcector SCheme ‘ © . 10 Berges OA ap castent tt—p Combine Gwe fist order oe er ae order (bine & spa°*) schere* accurate4 F(u) = $4 e— CrL condition. Fer _geeecoh FO) [At] t where Ata)» ae a aw > In genuso ferm —> Armaltix 9 Aij = oe oui Syplen ot SH . pe Fi z-: pu + Ye . ic ieanh) (6 Ti Specific heat rater Carrumed ?) > ideal gar lorsAD, mvisetd , corapronrite flour Ai > han etgeavalcr AK > stobilily 4)Eyampe 2 Burges SA" wf ie. Exam Ou a — + — =O comervative form of disontinuty 3 Ue, Unknown propaga Hen YC locity : exact solulion® At later Lumer Uso | ne Uet De a deewith the Connmevative fore ef the caleudated. Let's shows eqn gue HO Want fo Show eqns Up can be ke weale Jorn of the aga blon velocity. howe | € Shocle PP L F fea . j-5e ) => We “26 a be ck wane atl ea : oe shot 1s fepageteng inviscid flow Z, jcompressille 4D unwtea @o(¢4) ot + 2 (purse) = wi GP 3 eqn doe 3 Unknowe> b oe clown brea of shocks * oon . shake : X= Xe UU ee Sa ee nm {7 Xe%rt Un U2 7 Coo a shock © bee i ot Ce Kye KE Xo F ulxo) =441 » ele) = $1 1 peso) = Fr p bora) fa 1 PO) Xo XE Kee ul‘re) =O 2ym conpervative form = yet SYS a : a = fu -_ 2(y-1) + 94 => su F * y fete é + os su} 4-tObserve = aas— 4 ones wate (ete ala we correct Velocity # Smeare t out Somewhat x Oscilabons rppear™ rear shed fro.Rearen és —=_ @ num, damapation.. > Smet, out @ we. dunpession % ff we do -& Lrewrpormabiore of a Fourier” ve Lint that dinconrinuity ~~ durcontinuily Macormach’s sig aifeat Ce veloci yor cd fica at a rule of . _—» Osctlhakiow> strnges Shocker j ¥ Geb Worst for be minimize A roller = Cr finer perk. neat by talsing_ oO te front 7 but sce shock C ov —» The grid would have be be refined at tt locations at & Venwy —raifficulte be 25 raifficult ee* Popular ogproach, Yor Supprensing oscllationy 2 add sore idici aR (pumericat) uiseority a —? feplace geverning eqn. by 4% yo 5 [BZ] | SS orig, phys. ar Lefici a dluffuaion 9 an. depend = gid. spacing Bx a Ce fs predictor and coveector Uo peer? then beet / Cae we a ax tificiad de furior :a gregh yat an 4) a t AK A 4 oer Tt 13973] at > where 24m = 4 GP a strictest arldicial vacerily leads bo ———— Lime Heft stably renvriction * W/o 4 feigh vacesily + (1uj +2) abe aa speed of sound with ad fii aA uiscority ¢> Use YB a Smalk on gomible both for stability oad dor accuracy ( weid too Much Smeoring) | a ys Sutin con be mate to Goole Whe: u 2xack 4o ak Oo at the Lobiors Bw thu Lininated aoe enpense - smtarm owt shoes, font 0 qed cells. ag Veal Se “p Insatrataclegy > tere Vt oer aller na btve approche heuclop ed that proid — retllabion — without a, Se much smearing, GoFlux corcececl Tonspor t scheme (Fer) os og soedleion a een ee SG num, method = Introdere ar ka ficiad viseo ly de reduce + we a vaya, wl Lath n dia pessiore Boric Preller ¥ coulabions ed kor negn'VE voluey of , dor event’ fen ce menmnnglrs cphyi Shoclers smeacec aukb <— reed, Very aa ar i lowe cl de the Sheek region. = New Leen ee ny preclectar — cet FEC bor scheme Ampemented w Basic Concep& visceoity le hair. (A) Introd ar tipicnd dusing pcedictot sin bo reduce oscillation ~ a tatnnee = vr ck mes of " anti- differion” dusing He Core c tor skye ie ere bhe shock. 50 70 ne “y Limj} tain aaticiffeoion Pe cree - “ neue oscillations = oF be not amplified Lhe Solution maximum Sdubion a"always above” > Thin arth gprera ion ay ee added erties egy2) Prapored_ Corrector ster w/ "an bi-djjusion” pre gh [He 72H * i ans defen ngigatly poe a fr i fy 1 Sar we a“ tion fr Hier ia oS beter consel va a ou diffuaion Fluxes: prepsred, @ prea epeien cell p(Ste- Se) fa a(t - sr) aa (er weg OUF nye oy + s "Now: replace (oh - 9h) by Flan brmnla) Sas : Snlonas)nesf a min | apy Sqa(ap yas), m[28yex] 5 Afied enlsves) | f 4 x>o ce # ¢ w-{s , KF0 ope Sie OP Ute Pe Ye ditection. of We Lax term. * clays within the baowendla" ap ett gen) sels 116]a> S lability crite en eee mi th Looe Wi Smabher than box endrohh oO é MacCetmack!s Scheme A eb ES mye : eT tT acorn som w L-w w/ od bpiciad VISC-a w/o Inereaaing, Comp. cork. —pimpleren® FCT efficiently AX # Constant Creal a bee ar 4 boned on (|ce ee oe Aro & Oo a ading eee ant i ; abso ed: 1ash aa + ars ry ~ a tea sey ly 5 a x 7 i aa ak drone, ares negigette pon de ore tn comprise es ov ing 0 op a oF e oe oo =o ao | S$ (sniet) C27? Cr = 4can,at)a Theorebical — omadayns ef Shock capturing, nen Go concent cathed, 1 minovoncuky” A the Solr tion 2 we vit Yat ext gaa. =--°¢ 2 emditicon ) u (0) ff invlick imerearing ) decreasing (x) show ae numericak a behoviow™ - ae The scheme veryTYD = the memobenicify condition. replace with ‘Tete Varvabion Duninishin L Grve) Cequarcteen . at Solution TYD of a numrevi cad Wr ee affront oA aes 5 TTR ee fs Carror hing) generabio of, omy oscillations .bh, fh. by dined p TvO V — gre orctet accurabey TVD schemer cam be at pney require OR entropy ~ 5% cisly typ: Addung anti di}fvsior envrepy -saristving err iy te FCT werk Ge One conditions Le guarentee —> SiemAe eee panic sehen 7 . c(4-¢)(fyur- 8) bea e) (he fe) w/ Lw fluro 4» a boric Scheme 4 4 7xo not —ee ea eS bs make L-w scheme _% TVO_ Schenve > reduce (ehimmate) oscillabior Ca OG ae n]| is Sy- San fa — 5K iG ° th be anbi-dy Oy) Should be such at + an biffurive fur“ WU an LO ee an pore c t the shock Le get & steep dren Yhou® violating Wee oe lecation | Wt Con di bio Roth explicit and ienpltet t ava sohemed Com UO dyropedPopord form fer denction 4¢4) ——— Ga eh ee of Or) & meet Tro (2c 2 Ole). o (een) Coa. Ocey = minl2) 4e%° 790 — ote) = min (422) reo = O(c) =o \ Ppes _p when dealing w/ nonlinear S: eqns. with cherackeristic chevac ISHC > decomer= hin —& Apply Com poren tS —rvo alongaoe Lncompr ore te Vincouwr Flour ble flour P~S) (an comprey A derecbion wn bhe “Lf Gee oe preferre flow féetel > ae «If Lhere os strong recirculation Zor 4 Senevabion tn lowlancom (pt. Navier-Stokes eqs. > She “= = an + ow ° Vitqo x ay - uemem ‘Cy eqn. gl of s Ave] ~-VP reve iL i yv-mem ega. Ou du Say OG |e atu ae eon | ay : ay t Mae Gye ev ov av or gv Oty a ie Vo) 8 hs ont g(t * >) ay “Loe * | Ou ov tyne K ici th f tepiicitly » nla ore the pleasure Sh murs comer va bior™ea ee cn Gime be obtarn ur = $Or) sl Van: = yer. fee) ap Probl presuce ® ae 7 p- for) x 4 deol hore there! Main Digficulé —Contaly At prrsuct |xpici bly does not depend om oe kine rosie cloen rab MEET uy the Continuity eqn:P Usually . we have fe Selve an phe ealue jer Perron equation ——— marr conrervation the eek th pressure, euring bab omy bime oe impact here Same thi : 4 Seme thing dole LZ (ratare of don't wae thin Higtie 2905) Tncompt, dlow have speed cl Sound = infinity Ce” /5| 55 Cmnolees prasure Cort inden. 4 demity 7CFDA II AS Tncompressible f lou” Ce Ee ISL Primchire Vorrabley 1 Wah tea dg Efows ——— dimepponlors , commer Vober Lore Don Vin comet. NS aso =O : lliptice dx” dy eo eanlabn ad 2 o t yu ee pears es +S) ay C8 ot ax a atu) «ou fon) 1 fete eu ee et oe oe ee | ey ay) : de chrallenyeng Ce be Comprcasiae floor, / rncomerSUs Ux) Unrieady How: oeed ic. U = Vol xy) ac. sold Suc Jace 4 UTT=O P cf. below” oe sgecity SE be ty order koe minimize artifician edfects iv the upstream dicce tion ‘njlow + by pically specify mH ve loci ty componen E onk prymur con Le bro? that outplay ? ve Wank Ye specily Dee cry es Af on lnence STO essere teem wy ” that ~~ dy "sed aed girl. br awe itselfypicodly zero denvativey om the oc Bue Seenk Ve loci ty components, derivalivy , Nele: 4) rh we specity veloci Fied aba = ensubt lily dee : / Vie ( enkr te : Un Chat geet an ex2) Only (remure derivativey onptor tre eqn) Com arbi tras ly peyerence at 3) Walucc and Number ee be ce premer . seecihy a one print hea ber a) Un differential ean + Bre. wy well -poreet froolem Ly Ca danke Attn: behored number of require om nun: sober schon gure a whll- gee can com btu be chonQuestion. . fev do we feat with Hu prnure 2 a . a 4, sole aL. oe jer updating “ in bime » on ho ; oe upda bing ¥ na Gucal br in bare wit uwuld Seer solu oul | ous ad a ant By Lo for fo but Rp of) me one tn Y Seucre Soluhon Ct ae pole > different claner of numenicad methods o (nbreduces an at bipie! bere wi bh a tnke She cob. egn. y bub we mater choean't affect jure thal thn tem Hu plpricet solution —> ce. below.Thin eyproach = allows Ue bs Sle 6 be da ob!’ dt. ao eo ee oie From Ure Continuity eqn. juith help of the momen bun ens. ) clorive Poor, eqn for Ue prmure we determine P from that Fomor ean. > " DB smuse Correction Method” ——————— Ceg. Matker-and- Cet rrethod s SIMPLE) Ll * Pagection Me thect” 0 gor _ a nel a Lon n seit: = = Ve a 4+C 4 corre FIVE : ceoy inte WEA Fv . at fc Kewl —. wee ehCUi fist sien we Sole* Solve, *Solve => computationally Lypically Unvel whole flow expemive ‘ we the fie ch, (aa15.2 Staggerel grid ns SS popular for wre with ecimitive vari ober Up kes ‘o ly -2/ lust ,k uj +f ee {vies Pyuk Pyyk epnk phe ° Ppl Note + the ndivicsuak variable aft dofineh A different grid prints. ae defined ab ceales of each c&L ydlociries + clofing A ot coll faces Resnan : allews tec on ee digo FECUM of qorening equations.eq. contiaut ly equation + -~ Afferences around Uyrek “Aye | Uphre “Vp og AK xy ; es mulbigly “Y a -~Upne-_ AK=O ax - Uy ark ay Spine : Ujee ik AY + Upkes d pve TS- exper > oF eK oY ?Darcee bi cebize U-momantum equation wi hk O 4 cea brat Aj ferences around (yrs k) so V that we Con rei i dary 2c OP by aeed p ab Cdk) anc ab Cyrtyk) G-mem ean cotteapondang 4 ube Centrok Afeseacing oround Cyak +e) Atvontage ef olaageed grid : uP at points or compel > adjacent st aeenrt of wey co tions « Con be unnbaggeed red x x x x Pin Gs Pier PetD or Pia — Pin d : i ee eee e Perr - ig axk a * * don d dx leas oedecoupled from E ab -7 rerd O43,., E-2, Utd be durelop can + 2 separate sow bienry —s osxdlatiom ctaggoce grid ‘ Durearantage of SOO —$—— ev bher perder bo mpument , since E a “) Geo. on Unodes oT u-n ad om the walls ao ealt © 2) Cusilinae coordinal® are Mahe alific o Um plement?tt the onde du. ov St oe rc. one hyn in Hime tw BO the premtarc one Sky ia 4 a de find ean — + ax ey Vere no SP ot 3 7 % ew Dy 4 t Ou | atu eb ax by. ax Rel oe * Gye b ee z 2 Bg iy --2,21/e¥ 3 Oe ey ey Re Bye dyeterms uy Lhe mementurr egnra are dicetized a Follows : ate n a ee isk at an au" Vie - Uy, Ou _ Merk oe = |S | . = ‘ + OC4% > tbe ae (uv) | (we frank ay * fay ? Btu - Uysdik — 2Uyatye — Apezik ae tk on meen zyBy’ ee Oley) ie ] Ups jhe - 1 yrs tsb seth dy? fe, o Yds y* i Pyne - Pur + O(ex*) af = a +k here bern such a AA by aweraging (48) 43 bebe (ez + Uyes, ket) [ Upayters + “pe y ae a a15,3 Marker ana Cell tormulation _——a—a>a a explicit alge ithen, for u-mem, ,v-mrn ean: from 2% 210% , 1 Bu _ dur Blu _ op Pe Oxt 7 Re yt ox ay ¥ (—) ” group wate & Lux fete ot zc” +) ate Usk = Fab o [eee - A | ~ n a Uy Kk Wye Wek FY at} ’ : + uirese Tyas = Opie 7 me » et Dujag e+ My tereet Uyak — Yak Re ay* oe (ary icet - WW) 45 c=} | aSumuonly — for = I00 atl . a at n+) oo és Sa 8(0 8) n Uy icr - 2, perk Upon both hn oF otf Gy ter Aiceete Rea xt Uy ee - ak K- a Me 20g Uke ay neo ys, od R ay ox 2 2 yen Uy sy lll: promuce > jeca bee emplicrtly here Con n blem, becaure wrt errenby nr fake , time ere nen Caludate poormure before, un, yoLe dind Ph) shack Jom cont. eqn coe et ntl atl 4 ba -Uy- » — Uyk-L Dye a UHR Tee Ypres v2 Lo ” AX ay am ot) ne dance 2e — forrs Ave Uyez ie Uyree e be. from above * an a [fee ~ UPpk + Pru Phct -2 Pare + fare! ged © Tek ax + ay™ nr a a rc 2 4 | oe Fyek Gyre - Gand Ax Ay oArove, by using Lhe exprearion> fer FG trom we yee ntl fiom <2Pamt Rive Pays “Am FAT nen aaa * ay* a aie ne we 20 on OB po. > hore te Sowe ne oo Con be done by Standard procedury Such ay SOR ,conjugate Gracdent etc.—P silving fer Po Bin Woy ewer that eqn salished a6 Ciore lereR on conbinuty an patt Plan Sore eorlier eng fo ge uu yan Algorithey, a enplicct jor ue) vu phare be Sebaty CFL ee Stability “a (14) +luj) 4t So 4 IN Pp . — zt \ cts doer Rea © banks both fer WY lage Re on Aer very gmatt Re+ i ae formon eqn for °" we ee bic. foe Ps cither Dirichlet nee conditions ( specity Pp) of a Neumann Conditions (specily po kerivative) e.g. high Re flour oer a dackword Facing step. a tree shreamn g D Separation Dubble Usual choice * secciSy Pr along F-A-B expece boundoxy layer (64) behasiouc or 9 ee, | ae specily se 2o , quationable dor Dente precbe amy thing por P munimi ee E-D, 0-Sds.4 Lojplementation of bce for velocitey arcange the gnd se that % pare, Chroagh, one et of velocity pones , ut nob erpeines Le ut Untreduce pores : WW = bee MekOutflow boundary Sondtbeny: C2) We want te Mmumic™ an uvpimite Prgsicak domain Se reerical domamn finite size. Need tr fruncate He domain , um pre ploper Goundaty condi bons ak Voundarie $¢ that the flow unite, tbe dormain, does not "feel" dle Grundaty. pao doumsrearn. enough © QLi What site ir big infinite Qri How dx we mmic ot domain, 2Derick B.c* specily the gw variable itself uy) - FH) ° Wewmarnn Bc. speedy Lhe (netmal-) Dr aise ¢ te floor no Shear - Sb ( banqenbicd poree) Ce, ou = uw . Newmann mn ae ay a oy =O * yvel. o Lande domain ' disc rebioe (sore Ns CD) win oth wpstrears and Fou eam informatio hare mfr oon up sbream, 2 Outflow! boundety' only side, ~o When Wwe prescribe outflow be. —> make suc we Ssabisty glarak non - divergence con ditiorK C glovallg , mary by compere ) Fees oppo 2 a -o (& ou cay rentnetive) 3x =o) 2) ) cy = filly eer xxl ) °° condition a, du, ):2 Ow ei — )20 8 ( | CP, 2(ay.o watt Bg at oator ay Ne #Posie oF coS etrers un velocuy at outHour leak be errors tw cremure regen ue tong le flour. 7 Premure gee 2 fo) Binson eqn > elliptic (voy expemive) we dhun Coune eaptanbanzovd ae inburbance everywhere oe can beiggt unphyscat UnStolrli Hos a Ce oubyour bec. C2) = ASSU that Hlous erolmtore is nrttarn conection marly da chow oA flow struchurr - « Conc & duverqeace, free veelocit¥ fiald om ort hime s tee ont” the boundary icowstant velocityAbsorptive layers ( sponge largess) (3) force the flour Tatoos“ Geatly” Loworde © stnic tly divergence etree Stake ak the boundaty. + Method, ° add a down puna. berm bo the Clanicok lompiog, bern tr eyes icom mam - 5704, supers NX «kx + CX Vetamping spring, eee force on CES ow Fig = MOK” a ore oye PF IV 7 -u i -2 yl Vu ~ C(x) (U- Ye) ef ae So fanCue, Us) + Cesencea/s eaday states Cy =O outside 5 peng Layer Solve originak Ms dounping acurs aida sponge (ogee c@)? oO? + Vara bon of downpuna, acter Cex) > smooth fl Hake, Aah ~ ( Roe “| ee 4A gook e Arbitrary dyjesent wet abiond can Ve wreck 0 Adsron beg) § HY damp w Strong, enough > HF seein prot ~ Luac bua hors me rs Foun boy f Eay porame terization -— can voy sponge ceainn BES Fr smooth ank con Hour atenuahore¥ Eory ts venplomants WD sadvan lager ‘ a t Pootiction sibaaHon, yhete a Steady flow con be deren ulated h Increaned compu latimal coat mM gered : expe athe compu talionaddag expemive Rrompe_ acoushe pure ~ compremible Yow y fluid at rut ,49 a or Ow ao ae continuity oe momeature ot OK -~ Gi spec of sound Coren tropic relation)domping quackion, clr)