Diagram Wiggers

Frank starling

Basically, the Frank-Starling mechanism means that the

greater the heart muscle is stretched during filling,
the greater is the force of contraction and the greater
the quantity of blood pumped into the aorta. Or, stated
another way: Within physiological limits, the heart pumps
all the blood that returns to it by way of the veins.

Diagrammatic representation of the nature of the

functional syncytium in the myocardium. The colored
line represents the path of excitation through the
myocardium as it passes from cell to cell through gap
junctions at cardiac nexi.

NORMAL VALUES FOR CARDIAC

OUTPUT AT REST AND
DURING ACTIVITY
(1) the basic level of body metabolism,
(2) whether the person is exercising,
(3) the persons age, and
(4) the size of the body.

CI = CO/A [L/min/m2]