2.1.2.

CC CHT CH TH
Calcon
Solochrom dark blue; Mordant black 17; Natri 2-Hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)-naphthalen-4sulfonat
C20H13N2NaO5S = 416,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu en nu c nh tm. Tan trong nc v ethanol.
Trong mi trng kim, to mu ta vi ion calci . Khi khng c mt ion kim loi v d tha mt
lng nh trilon B, dung dch c mu xanh lam.
Hn hp calcon
Nghin , trn u 0,1 g calcon (TT) vi 9,9 g natri sulfat khan (TT).
nhy: Ho tan 0,2 g hn hp calcon (TT) trong 5 ml nc. Ly 1 ml dung dch thu c, thm 50 ml
nc , 10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 1 N (C) v 1 ml dung dch magnesi sulfat 1% (kl/tt), dung dch
c mu xanh lam. Thm 0,1 ml dung dch calci clorid 0,15% (kl/tt), mu chuyn sang ta. Thm 0,1
ml dung dch trilon B 0,01 M (C), mu li chuyn sang mu xanh lam.
Da cam methyl
Helianthin; Natri 4-dimethylaminoazobenzen-4-sulfonat
C14H14N3NaO3S = 327,3
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt hay tinh th mu vng cam.. D tan trong nc n ng, khng tan trong ethanol.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 3,0 () n pH 4,4 (vng).
Dung dch da cam methyl
Ho tan 0,1 g da cam methyl (TT) trong 80 ml nc, thm ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch da cam methyl (TT),
dung dch c mu vng. Khi thm khng qu 0,1 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 N (C), mu phi
chuyn sang .
Da cam xylenol
Tetranatri 3,3- (3H - 2, 1 - benzoxathiol - 3 - yliden) bis [(6 - hydroxy - 5 - methyl - 3, 1 - phenylen)
methyleneiminobisacetat] S, S - dioxid.
C31H28N2Na4O13S = 761,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu nu . D t an trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol.
Trong cc dung dch kim, to mu tm vi ion thu ngn, ch, km v mt s ion kim loi khc . Khi
khng c mt cc ion kim loi v d trilon B, dung dch c mu vng.
Hn hp da cam xylenol
Nghin, trn u 1 phn da cam xylenol (TT) vi 99 phn kali nitrat (TT).
Th nhy: Thm 50 mg hn hp da cam xylenol (TT) vo hn hp gm 50 ml nc, 1 ml acid
acetic 2 M (TT) v 0,05 ml dung dch ch nitrat (TT). Thm va mt lng hexamin (TT) lm
chuyn mu t vng sang tm, thm 0,1 ml dung dch trilon B 0,1 M (C), mu chuyn sang vng.
Dung dch da cam xylenol (TT)
Ha tan 0,1 g da cam xylenol (TT) trong nc va 100 ml v lc nu cn..
Diclorofluorescein
2,7-Diclorofluorescein; Acid 2-(2,7-Dicloro-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl) benzoic
C20H10Cl2O5 = 401,2
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu nu vng n cam vng. t tan trong nc, d tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch hydroxyd

kim long , thc t khng tan trong ether.

en eriocrom T
Mordant black 11; Natri 2- hydroxy-1-[(1-hydroxynaphth-2-yl)azo]-6-nitronaphthalen-4-sulfonat
C20H12N3NaO7S = 461,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu en nu , c nh kim loi. Tan trong nc v ethanol.
Trong mi trng kim, to mu vi ion calci, magnesi, km v mt s kim loi khc. Khi khng c
mt cc ion kim loi v d tha mt lng nh trilon B, dung dch c mu xanh lam.
Dung dch en eriocrom T
Ho tan 0,1 g en eriocrom T (TT) trong ethanol 96 % (TT) va 100 ml.
Dung dch ch pha khi dng.
Hn hp en eriocrom T (TT)
Nghin , trn u 1 phn en eriocrom T (TT) vi 99 phn natri clorid (TT).
nhy: Ho tan 0,05 g hn hp en eriocrom T (TT) trong 100 ml nc , dung dch c mu tm nu.
Thm 0,3 ml dung dch amoniac 10% (TT), dung dch chuyn thnh mu xanh lam, thm tip 0,1 ml dung
dch magnesi sulfat 1%, mu phi chuyn sang tm.
congo
Dinatri (biphenyl-4,4-diyl-bis-2,2-azo)bis(1-aminonaphthalen-4-sulfonat)
C32H22N6Na2O6S2 = 697,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu nu. Tan trong nc.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 3,0 (lam) n pH 5,0 (hng ).
Dung dch congo
Ho tan 0,1 g congo (TT) trong 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,2 ml dung dch congo (TT) v 0,3
ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 N (C), dung dch c mu xanh lam. Khi thm khng qu 0,3 ml
dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (C), mu phi chuyn sang hng .
cresol
o-Cresolsulfonphthalein; 4,4'-(3H-2,1-benzoxathiol-3-yliden) di-o-cresol S,S-dioxyd
C21H18O5S = 382,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu nu . t tan trong nc, D tan trong ethanol v dung dch nat rri hydroxxyd.
Vng chuyn m u: pH 7,0 (vng) n pH8,8 ( ).
Dung dch cresol (CT)
Ha tan bng cch un nng nh 0,1 g cresol (TT) vi hn hp gm 2,65 ml dung dch natri
hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT) v 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch cresol ( TT) v 0,15
ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), dung dch c mu ta . Khi thm khng qu 0,15 ml dung
dch acid hydrocloric 0,02 N (C), mu phi chuyn sang vng.
methyl
Acid 2-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo)benzoic
C15H15N3O2 = 269,3
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Tinh th mu tm hay bt mu sm . Thc t khng tan trong nc, t an trong ethanol v acid acetic.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 4,4 () n pH 6,0 (vng).
Dung dch methyl

Ho tan 50 mg methyl (TT) trong hn hp gm 1,86 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT) v 50
ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,05 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric
0,02 N (C) v 0,1 ml dung dch methyl (TT), dung dch c mu . Khi thm khng qu 0,1 ml
dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), mu phi chuyn sang vng.
Dung dch hn hp methyl
Ho tan 0,1 g methyl (TT) v 0,05 g xanh methylen (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml.
phenol
Phenolsulfonphthalein; 4,4'-(3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden) diphenol S,S-dioxyd
C19H14O5S = 354,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu . Rt k h tan trong nc, kh tan ethanol, d tan trong cc dung dch kim.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 6,8 (vng) n pH 8,4 ().
Dung dch phenol (TT1)
Ho tan 0,1 g phenol (TT) trong hn hp gm 2,82 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT) v 20 ml
ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch phenol (TT), dung
dch c mu vng. Khi thm khng qu 0,1 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), mu phi chuyn
sang tm .
Dung dch phenol ( TT2)
Dung dch 1: Ho tan 33 mg phenol (TT) trong 1,5 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 2 M (TT), thm nc
va 100 ml.
Dung dch 2: Ho tan 25 mg amoni sulfat (TT) trong 235 ml nc, thm 105 ml dung dch natri
hydroxyd 2 M (TT) v 135 ml dung dch acid acetic 2 M (TT).
Thm 25 ml dung dch 1 vo dung dch 2. Nu cn , iu chnh pH ca hn hp ti 4,7.
ta bromocresol
3,3-Dibromo-o-cresolsulfonphthalein; 4,4'-(3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden)bis(6-bromo-o-cresol) S,Sdioxyd
C21H16Br2O5S = 540,2
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu hng. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch kim long .
Vng chuyn mu: pH 5,2 (vng) n pH 6,8 (lam).
Dung dch ta bromocresol
Ho tan 0,05 g ta bromocresol (TT) trong hn hp gm 0,92 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT)
v 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,2 ml dung dch ta bromocresol
(TT) v 0,05 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), dung dch c mu tm xanh. Khi thm khng
qu 0,20 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,02 N (TT), mu phi chuyn sang vng.
ta cresol
m-Cresolsulfonphthalein

C21H18O5S = 382,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu lc nu. Kh tan trong nc, tan trong methanol, ethanol v acid acetic bng.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 1,2 () n pH 2,8 (vng); pH 7,4 (vng) n pH 9,0 ( ta ).
Dung dch ta cresol
Ho tan 0,1 g ta cresol (TT) trong 13 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,01 N (TT), thm nc va 100

ml.
ta pht halein
Metalphtalein; (1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-isobenzofuran-1-yliden)bis[(6-hydroxy-5-methyl-3,1-phenylen)
bis(methylen eimino)diacetic acid]
C32H32N2O12 + nc
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu trng kem n nu. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol .
nhy: Ho tan 10 mg ta phthalein (TT) trong 1 ml amoniac 13,5 M (TT), pha long thnh 100 ml
vi nc. Ly 5 ml dung dch thu c , thm 95 ml nc, 4 ml amoniac 13,5 M (TT), 50 ml ethanol
96% (TT) v 0,1 ml dung dch bari clorid 0,1 M (C); dung dch c mu tm lam . Thm 0,15 ml dung
dch trilon B 0,1 M (C), dung dch mt mu.
trung tnh
Basic red 5; 2 - Methyl -3- amino -7- dimethylaminophenazin hydroclorid
C15H17ClN4 = 288,8
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu nht. t tan trong nc v ethanol.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 6,8 ( ) n pH 8,0 (da cam).
Dung dch trung tnh
Ho tan 0,1 g trung tnh (TT) trong ethanol 50% va 100 ml.
Eosin
Acid 87 .
C20H6Br4Na2O5 = 691,9
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu . D t an trong nc , t tan trong ethanol.
Dung dch eo sin
Ha tan 0,5 g eosin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml .
Ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid
4-[(4-Ethoxyphenyl]diazenyl]phenylen-1,3-diamin hydroclorid
C14H16N4O. HCl = 292,8
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu . Tan trong nc v ethanol .
Dung dch ethoxycrysoidin
Ha tan 0,1 g ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml .
nhy: Thm 0,05 ml dung dch brom 0,0167 M (TT) vo hn hp gm 0,05 ml dung dch
ethoxycrysoidin hydroclorid (TT) v 5 ml acid hydrocloric 2 M (TT). Mu ca dung dch chuyn t
sang vng nht trong vng 2 pht.
Lc bromocresol
3,3,5,5-Tetrabromo-m-cresolsulfonphthalein; 4,4'- (3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden) bis
dibromo- m-cresol) S,S-dioxyd
C21H14Br4O5S = 698,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu trng nu hay vng nht. t tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch kim long.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 3,6 (vng) n pH 5,2 (lam).

(2,6-

Dung dch lc bromocresol (T T1)

Ho tan 0,05 g lc bromocresol (TT) trong hn hp gm 0,72 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT)
v 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.

 nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,2 ml dung dch lc bromocresol (TT),
dung dch c mu xanh lam. Khi thm khng qu 0,2 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,02 N (C), mu
phi chuyn sang vng .
Dung dch lc bromocresol (T T2)
Nghin k 0,2 g lc bromocresol (TT) vi 2,8 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT), pha long thnh
200 ml vi nc v lc nu cn.
Dung dch lc bromocresol methyl (Dung dch xanh bromocresol methyl)
Hoa tan 0,15 g lc bromocresol (TT) v 0,1 g methyl (TT) trong 180 ml ehanol (TT), pha long vi
nc thnh 200 ml.
Lc malachit
Victoria green; [4-[[4-Dimethylamino)phenyl]phenylmethylen]cyclohexan-2,5-dien-1-yliden] dimethy
lamoni clorid
C23H25ClN2 = 364,9
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Tinh th mu lc, c nh kim loi. Rt d tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v methanol.
Dung dch 0,001% (kl/tt) trong ethanol 96 % (TT) c hp th cc i 617nm.
Dung dch lc malachit 0,5%
Ho tan 0,5 g lc malachit (TT) trong acid acetic khan (TT) va 100 ml.
Murexid
Mui monoamoni 5,5-nitrilobis(pirimidin-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)trion)
C8H8N6O6. H2O = 302,20
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt tinh th mu nu. Kh tan trong nc lnh, tan trong nc nng v ethanol. Tan trong cc dung
dch kali hydroxyd v natri hydroxyd , cho mu xanh lam.
Dung dch murexid
Ho tan 0,25 g murexid (TT) trong nc va 100 ml.
Dung dch ch pha khi dng.
Hn hp murexid
Nghin, trn u 0,25 g murexid (TT) vi 25 g natri clorid (TT).
1-Naphtholbenzein
-Naphtholbenzein; Phenylbis(4-hydroxynaphthyl)methanol
C27H20O3 = 392,5
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu nu . Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v acid acetic bng.
Dung dch 1-naphtholbenzein
Ho tan 0,2 g 1-naphtholbenzein (TT) trong 100 ml acid acetic khan (TT).
nhy: Ly 50 ml acid acetic khan (TT), thm 0,25 ml dung dch 1-naphtholbenzein (TT), dung dch
c mu vng nu. Khi thm khng qu 0,05 ml dung dch acid percloric 0,1 N (C), mu phi chuyn
sang xanh lc.
O-Phenanthrolin
1,10 - Phenanthrolin hydroclorid
C12H8N2. HCl. H2O = 234,7
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt trng hoc gn nh trng. D tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol.
im chy: Khong 215 OC km phn hu.

Dung dch feroin sulfat

Ho tan 0,7 g st (II) sulfat (TT) v 1,76 g O-phenanthrolin (TT) trong 70 ml nc. Thm nc va
100 ml.
Phenolphtalein
3,3' - Bis (4 - hydroxyphenyl) phthalid
C20H14O4 = 318,3
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu trng hay trng ng . Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 8,2 (khng mu) n pH 10,0 ().
Dung dch phenolphtalein
Ho tan 0,1 g phenolphtalein (TT) trong 80 ml ethanol 96% (TT) v thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch phenolphtalein (TT),
dung dch khng mu. Khi thm khng qu 0,2 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), phi xut
hin mu hng.
Qu
L sc t mu chm chit t cc loi a y nh Rocella, Lecanora v.v....
Mnh nh mu lc thm. Tan trong nc v ethanol.
Vng chuyn mu: (pH 5,0) n xanh lam (pH 8,0).
Giy qu xanh
un si 10 phn qu (TT) tn thnh bt th vi 100 phn ethanol 96% (TT) di sinh hn trong 1
gi. G n b phn ethanol. Thm hn hp gm 45 phn ethanol 96% (TT) v 55 phn nc vo cn.
yn 2 ngy, gn ly phn dch trong (dch chit A). Tm dch chit A vo cc mnh giy lc, kh.
nhy: Nhng mnh giy qu xanh, kch thc 10 mm x 60 mm, vo hn hp gm 100 ml dung dch
acid hydrocloric 0,002 N (TT) v 90 ml nc. Lc nh, giy phi chuyn mu sang trong vng 45
giy.
Giy qu
Ly dch chit A trong iu ch Giy qu xanh, thm tng git dung dch acid hydrocloric 2 N (TT) cho
n khi mu xanh chuyn thnh . Tm dung dch thu c vo cc m nh giy lc, kh .
nhy: Nhng mnh giy qu , kch thc 10 mm x 60 mm , vo 100 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd
0,002 N (TT). Lc nh, giy phi chuyn mu sang xanh trong vng 45 giy.
Dung dch qu
un si 25 g qu (TT) tn thnh bt th vi 100 ml ethanol 90% d i sinh hn trong 1 gi. Gn b
phn dch trong, lp li qu trnh ny 2 ln , mi ln vi 75 ml ethanol 90%. Ho lng qu c
chit vo 250 ml nc , lc.
St (III) amoni sulfat
Phn st amoni; Amoni st (III) sulfat
FeNH4(SO4)2. 12H2O = 482,2
Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.
Tinh th mu trng ti tm nht. D t an trong nc, thc t khng tan trong ethanol.
Dung dch st (III) amoni sulfat
Ho tan 30 g st (III) amoni sulfat (TT) trong 40 ml acid nitric (TT) v thm nc va 100 ml. Nu
dung dch c th phi lc hoc ly tm.
Dung dch st (III) amoni sulfat 10%
Ho tan 10 g st (III) amoni sulfat (TT) trong nc va 100 ml.
Thymolphtalein
3,3-Bis (4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl) phthalid
C28H30O4 = 430,5

Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.

Bt mu trng. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch kim long.
Vng chuyn mu: khng mu (pH 9,3) n xanh lam (pH 10,5).
Dung dch thymolphtalein
Ho tan 0,10 g thymolphtalein (TT) trong ethanol 96% (TT) va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,2 ml dung dch thymolphtalein (TT),
dung dch khng mu. Khi thm khng qu 0,05 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (C), phi xut
hin mu xanh lam.
Tm pyrocatechin
Pyrocatechinsulfonphthalein; Tm catechol; 4,4'-(3H-2,1-Benzoxanthiol-3-yliden) dipyrocatechol S,Sdioxyd
C19H14O7S = 386,38
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu nu vi nh kim loi. D tan trong nc v ethanol.
Trong mi trng acid (pH 2 3) to mu xanh lam vi ion bismuth v khi khng c mt ion ny, dung
dch c mu vng. Trong mi trng kim to mu lam lc vi ion magnesi v ion km, khi khng c
mt cc ion ny, dung dch c mu tm .
Dung dch tm pyrocatechin
Ho tan 0,1 g tm pyrocatechin (TT) trong nc va 100 ml.
Tm tinh th
Gentialviolet ; Hexamethyl-p-rosanilin clorid
C25H30ClN3 = 408,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh hay tinh th mu lc thm, c nh kim loi. Tan trong nc, ethanol v acid acetic khan.
Khi dng chun trong mi trng k han, mu chuyn t tm (kim) qua lc lam (trung tnh) n lc
vng (acid).
Dung dch tm tinh th
Ho tan 0,50 g tm tinh th (TT) trong acid acetic khan (TT) va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 50 ml acid acetic khan (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch tm tinh th (TT), dung dch c mu
tm. Thm 0,10 ml dung dch acid percloric 0,1 N (C), mu ca hn hp phi chuyn sang lc lam.
Tinh bt
Bt rt mn, khng mi, khng v.
Dng loi tinh khit.
Dung dch h tinh bt
Nghin 1 g tinh bt (TT) vi 5 ml nc, ri va v a khuy vo 100 ml nc s i. un si tip cho
n khi thu c cht lng ch hi c.
Pha trc khi dng.
nhy: Ly 5 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT), pha long thnh 100 ml vi nc , thm 2 git dung dch
iod 0,1 N (C), dung dch phi c mu xanh lam.
Dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid
Ho tan 0,5 g kali iodid (TT) vo 100 ml dung dch h tinh bt (TT) mi pha.
Dung dch ny ch dng trong 24 gi.
Giy h tinh bt c iodid
Tm t giy lc vi dung dch h tinh bt c kali iodid ( TT), kh ch t i khng c hi acid. Ct
giy thnh nhng b ng di 50 mm, rng 6 mm. Khi nh 1 git dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 N (C)
vo bng giy ch th, khng c xut hin mu xanh lam ngay lp tc.

Bo qun trong l thu tinh mu nu, nt mi.

nhy: Trn 0,05 ml dung dch natri nitrit 0,1 M (C) v 4 ml acid hydrocloric (TT), thm nc va
10 0 ml. Nh 0,05 ml dung dch thu c ln bng giy ch th, phi xut hin mu xanh lam ngay tc
khc .
Vng alizarin
4-Nitro-4'-oxyazobenzen-3'-natri carboxylat
C13H8N3NaO5 = 309,2
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu nu hay nu vng. t tan trong nc v ethanol.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 10,1 (vng) n pH 12,1 (tm hng).
Dung dch vng alizarin
un cch thu ho tan 0,1 g vng alizarin (TT) tn nh tr ong mt t nc, ngui v thm nc
va 100 ml.
Vng metanil
Natri 3-[4-(phenylamino) phenylazo] benzensulphonat.
C18H14N3NaO3S = 375,4
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu vng nu. Tan trong nc v ethanol , rt t tan trong ether.
Khi dng chun trong mi trng khan, mu chuyn t vng (kim) sang ta (acid).
Dung dch vng metanil
Ha tan 0,1 g vng metanil (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml.
nhy: Thm 0,1 ml dung dch vng metanil (TT) vo 50 ml acid acetic khan (TT), dung dch c mu
hng. Thm 0,05 ml dung dch acid percloric 0,1 M (C), mu chuyn sang tm
Vng chuyn mu: pH 1,2 ( ) n pH 2,3 (vng cam).
Vng titan
Thiazol yellow
Dinatri 2,2-[(1-triazen-1,3-diyl)di-4,1-phenylen] bis-[6-methylbenzothiazol-7-sulfonat]
C28H19N5Na2O6S4 = 696,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu nu vng. D tan trong nc v ethanol .
Dung dch vng titan
Ha tan 0,05 g vng titan (TT) trong nc va 100 ml .
nhy: Thm 0,1 ml dung dch vng titan (TT) vo hn hp gm 10 ml nc, 0,2 ml dung dch
magnesi mu 10 phn triu (TT) v 1,0 ml natri hydroxyd 1 M (C). Dung dch c mu h ng, thy r
khi so snh vi dung dch i chiu c chun b tng t , nhng khng c dung dch magnesi mu 10
phn triu (TT).
Giy vng titan
Tm giy lc bng dung dch vng titan ( TT), ri kh nhit phng.
Xanh bromophenol
3,3-5,5 Tetrabromophenolsulfonphthalein
4,4' - (3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden) bis (2,6-Dibromo-phenol) S,S-dioxyd.
C19H10Br4O5S = 670,0
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt mu vng cam. Rt kh tan trong nc, kh tan trong ethanol, d tan cc dung dch kim hydroxyd
long.

Vng chuyn mu: pH 2,8 (vng) n pH 4,6 (tm lam).

Dung dch xanh bromophenol
Ho tan 0,1 g xanh bromophenol (TT) trong hn hp gm 1,5 ml dung d ch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT)
v 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT),, thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 20 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,05 ml dung dch xanh bromophenol
(TT) v 0,05 ml dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,1 N (C), dung dch c mu vng. Khi thm khng qu
0,10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (C), mu phi chuyn sang tm lam .
Dung dch xanh bromophenol trong ethanol.
Ho tan 0,1g xanh bromophenol (TT) trong ethanol 20% va 100 ml.
Dung dch xanh bromophenol (T T1).
Ho tan 50 mg xanh bromophenol (TT) bng cch un nng nh vi 3,73 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd
0,02 N (TT), pha long vi nc va 100 ml.
Xanh bromothymol
3,3-Dibromothymolsulfonphthalein
4,4 - (3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden) bis (2-bromo-thymol) S,S-dioxyd.
C27H28Br2O5S = 624
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt tinh mu hng hay nu. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong ethanol v cc dung dch
kim long
Vng chuyn mu: pH 6,0 (vng) n pH 7,6 (xanh lam).
Dung dch xanh bromothymol
Ho tan 50 mg xanh bromothymol (TT) trong hn hp gm 4 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (TT)
v 20 ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,3 ml dung dch xanh bromothymol
(TT), dung dch c mu vng. Khi thm khng qu 0,10 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), mu
phi chuyn sang xanh lam.
Xanh thymol
Thymolsulfonphthalein
4,4'-(3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-yliden) dithymol S,S-dioxyd
C27H30O5S = 466,6
Dng loi tinh khit ha hc.
Bt kt t inh mu lam lc n lc nu. Kh tan trong nc, tan trong ethanolv cc dung dch kim long.
Vng chuyn mu: pH 1,2 () n pH 2,8 (vng); pH 8,0 (lc nu) n pH 9,6 (lam).
Dung dch xanh thymol
Ho tan 0,1 g xanh thymol (TT) trong hn hp gm 2,15 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,1 N (TT) v 20
ml ethanol 96% (TT), thm nc va 100 ml.
nhy: Ly 100 ml nc khng c carbon dioxyd (TT), thm 0,1 ml dung dch xanh thymol (TT) v
0,2 ml dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 N (C), dung dch c mu xanh lam. Khi thm khng qu 0,1 ml
dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,02 N (C), phi chuyn sang vng.
Dung dch xanh th ymol trong dimethylformamid
Ho tan 1 g xanh thymol (TT) trong dimethylformamid (TT) va 100 ml.
Dung dch xanh t hymol trong methanol
Ho tan 0,3 g xanh thymol (TT) trong methanol (TT) va 100 ml. Lc, nu cn.

Khong pH v mu chuyn ca cc cht ch th

Ch th
cresol
Xanh thymol
Tropeolin 00
Da cam methyl
Xanh bromophenol
congo
Lc bromocresol
methyl
ta bromocresol
Xanh bromothymol
trung tnh
phenol
Xanh thymol
Phenolphtalein
Thymolphtalein
Vng alizarin

Khong pH
0,2 1,8
7,0 8,8
1,2 2,8
1,3 3,2
3,0 4,4
2,8 4,6
3,0 5,0
3,6 5,2
4,4 6,0
5,2 6,8
6,0 7,6
6,8 8,0
6,8 8,4
8,0 9,6
8,2 10,0
9,3 10,5
10,1 12,1

Mu chuyn
- Vng
Vng
- Vng
- Vng
- Vng
Vng Tm lam
Lam Hng
Vng - Lam
- Vng
Vng Tm lam
Vng - Lam
- Da cam
Vng Tm
Lc nu - Lam
Khng mu
Khng mu - Lam
Vng Tm hng

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