ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rª;.

tpD&ifcHpm
(2008 ckEpS /f v)

&Jabmfwdk@

“2008 tajccHOya'” twnfjzpfoGm;+yD? tJ'D ‘tajccHOya'’ udk wdkufzsufa&;[m ygwD&J@ vwfwavmEdkifiHa&;vkyfief;

jzpfvm+yD? b,fvdkwdkufzsuf=urvJqdkwmudk pOf;pm;=u&ygawmhr,f? ygwD&J@}uHqcsufudk tpD&ifcHvdkufygw,f?

ppftm%m&Sifpepfqef@usifa&; tiftm;pkrSefor#eJ@ twlvufwGJwdkufyJ0G ifa&;?

‘uef@uGufrJay;a&;v_yf&Sm;r_’ rSm tvkyfwlwGJvkyfa&; tajccHaumif;wckudk &&Sdvdkuf+yD; jzpfygw,f? tJ'gudk wdk;csJ@=u&ygr,f?

b,fvdkwdk;csJ@=urvJqdkwmudk tm;vHk;eJ@ !‡dEd_if;=u&ygr,f? !‡dEd_if;&mrSm bmawGwlnDEdkifrvJ qdkwmudkom tav;xm;zdk@ vdkygw,f?
rwlao;wmudk a&$@qdkif;xm;zdk@qdkwJhoabmxm; &Sd&ygr,f? rsufarSmuf EdkifiHwumhtajctaeeJ@ jynfwGif;tajctaerSm udpPwdkif;
wlnDzdk@qdkwm rjzpfEdkifygbl;? zufqpf*syefqef@usifa&;wkef;u &Sdzl;wJh trsdK;om;nD!Gwfa&;rsdK;udk awmif;qdk&if odyfjrifhygw,f? [dkwkef;u
EdkifiHwumhtajctaersdK; tckr&Sdygbl;? ppftm%m&Sifpepfwdkufzsufa&; &nf&G,fcsufwckwnf;tay:rSm nD!Gwf=uzdk@ jzpfygw,f?
'grSom tedrfhqHk;bHkvkyfief;pOf (MCP) &&SdEdkifrSm jzpfygw,f? (MCP) r&Sb d J ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk wdkufzsufEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;vdk@
u|efawmfwdk@ jrifaeygw,f? 'Dtjrifudk ESpfaygif; (50) eD;yg;tawG@tñuHuae ed*Hk;csKyf&if; &&Sdxm;wm jzpfygw,f? ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk
wuGJwjym;pD qef@usifwdkufzsufae=uvdk@ rjzpfawmhygbl;?

qef@usif&r,fhtawG;tac:rsm;?

‘2008 tajccHOya'’twnfjzpf+yD;aemufrSm tawG;tac:rSm;awG jynfyeJ@jynfwGif;rSm ay:Edkifygw,f? tJ'DtawG;tac:

trSm;awGu t"dutm;jzifh (2) rsdK;ay:Edkifygw,f? wrsdK;u vufav#mht±H_;ay;wJh tawG;tac:jzpf+yD; aemufwrsdK;u awmfvSefa&;
pum;}uD;pum;us,fajym+yD; tcsdefðzef;wJhtawG;tac: jzpfygw,f?
vufav#mht±H_;ay;csifwJh tawG;tac:qdkwmu rSefuefwJh (rl) awGudk ypfy,f+yD; ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ udk vufcHvdkufwmudk
ajymwmyg? Oyrmtm;jzifhqdk&if ‘1990 a&G;aumufyJ’G udk jynfzHk;um;cs+yD; ‘2010 a&G;aumufyGJ’ udk 0ifcsifwJhtawG;tac:/
‘wdkufzsufvdk@r&&if ol@atmufudk acgif;v#dK0ifvdkuf’ qdkwJhtawG;tac:rsdK; jzpfygw,f?
awmfvSefa&;pum;}uD;pum;us,fajym+yD; tcsdefðzef;wJhtawG;tac:qdkwmu Oyrmtm;jzifh ‘vufeufudkif+yD; wdkufzsufrS&r,f/
tJ'Dvdk wkdufzsufzdk@ EdkifiHjcm;tultnD&zdk@ vdkw,f’ qdkwJh tawG;tac:rsdK;yg?
OyrmyJ ajymwmyg? trsdK;rsdK;jzpfEdkifygw,f? tESpfcsKyf&ifawmh 'D (2) rsdK;xJ tñuH;0ifoGm;rSmyg?
‘2008 tajccHOya'’ tcef; (10) u EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;qdkwm =unfhyg? yk'fr (6) ck &Sdygw,f? tcsKyfu yk'fr (407) jzpfygw,f? yk'fr
(407)/ (408) eJ@ ygwDawGudkudkifwm rvHkavmufao;&if xyf+yD;udkifEdkifzdk@ yk'fr (409) eJ@udkifzdk@ a&;xm;ygw,f? tJ'DabmifxJ NLD
0ifygvdk@ rjzpfygbl;? abmifu odyfusOf;vGef;ygw,f? v_yfomvSnfhom r&Sdygbl;? abmifxJ0ifrd&if t±H_;ay;wmyJ jzpfrmS yg? t±H;_ ay;rd&if
rsdK;qufeJ@csD+yD; t!Gef@usdK;wwfygw,f?

‘2008 tajccHOya'’ abmifxJ 0ifupm;zdk@awmh vdkygw,f?

(1988) u ay:cJhwJh ygwDawGxJrSm ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ abmifxJ 0if=ur,fhygwDawG &Sdvdrfhr,f? wpn ygwDeJ@
wjcm;ðAwfpAsif;awmif; ygwDawG &Sdr,f? wjcm; b,folawGay:vmrvJ rajymwwfyg? olwdk@wawGeJ@yJ ArmjynfEdkifiHa&;udk v$wfxm;vdk@
rjzpfygbl;? jynfolawGbufu twdkfuftcHppfppf EdkifiHa&;tiftm;pk (topf) wck ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ abmifxJrSm 0ifupm;zdk@
vdkygw,f? bmha=umifh 'DvdkpOf;pm;ovJqdkawmh ‘tajccHOya' tusyftwnf;’ rkcsay:r,fvdk@wGufvdk@ jzpfygw,f?

‘tajccHOya' tusyftwnf;’

b,fvdkyJaphaphpyfpyf ,dkayguf[maygufr&Sdatmif a&;xm;wJh ‘tajccHOya'’ yJjzpfjzpf tajctaeopfwck ay:vm&if

tusyftwnf;awG@p+rJyg?
 tajctaeopfqkw d m tkyfpdk;olvlwef;pm;twGif; uGJ=u&if ay:p+rJyg? zqyv uGJawmh (ta0rwJhvdk@uGJwm) ‘1947 tajccHOya'’
tusyftwnf;ay:ygw,f? rqv wGif;uGJawmh ¡jynfol@tiftm; (People's Power) a=umifhuGJwm¢ tusyftwnf;ay:+yD; rqv
vrf;pOfusqHk;ygw,f?
tckvnf; “2008 tajccHOya' tusyftwnf;” taES;eJ@tjref ay:rSmyg? ydk+yD;awmif jrefjrefay:Edkifygw,f? bmha=umifhvJqdkawmh
ol@ ‘tajccHOya'’ u rmuspfawmifhwif;aewJh (yk'fr) awG wif;usrf;jzpfaevdk@yg? yËdyuQu EdkifiHawmft}uD;tuJqdkwJh orRweJ@ wu,fh
(EdkifiHawmft}uD;tuJ) umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf=um;rSm ay:Edkifw,f? wjcm;ae&mawGuvnf; ay:EdkifwmyJ?
u|efawmfwdk@wm0efu yËdyuQudk azmfxkwfzGifhcszdk@ jzpfw,f? ppftkyfpkuawmh wwfEdkifor# zHk;zdxm;csifrSmyg? u|efawmfwdk@u
Oya'yeJ@ Oya'wGif;u zGifhcswm aygif;pyf&rSmyg?

wdkufyGJo¿mefudpP?

wdkufyJo
G ¿mefaygif;pHk &Sd&ygr,f? vdktyfvm&if vufeufudkifwdkufyGJo¿mefudk usifhoHk;zdk@ óuwifjyifqif&ygr,f? jyifqifwmrSm
tuGufaph&r,f? aphpyfaocsm&r,f? vHkavmufwJh jyifqifcsdef &Sd&r,fvdk@ ,lqygw,f? aºu;a=umfoH wckwnf;eJ@
vufeufudkifawmfvSefa&; vkyfr&yg?

aphpyfaqG;aEG;a&;udpP?

'Dvkyfief;udk qufvufudkifpGJ&ygr,f? e0w§etz eJ@ aphpyfaqG;aEG;wm ratmifjrifcJhvdk@ pGef@ypf&if trSm;}uD; rSm;ygvdrfhr,f?

u|efawmfwdk@u jynfwGif;ppfwdkufaecsdef r[kwfygbl;? tpdk;&wyfrawmfwckvHk;eJ@ &efbufjzpfaewm r[kwfygbl;? ppftkyfpkeJ@
raqG;aEG;Edkifayr,fh wyfrawmfeJ@ aqG;aEG;Edkifygw,f? aphpyfaqG;aEG;wJh ta=umif;t&meJ@yHpk HyJ ajymif;&rSmyg?

‘qENcH,lyJ’G tvGefumvvkyfief;rsm;?

'Dumvu wdkawmif;rSmyg? (2) ESpfyJ &SdrSmyg? 'gayrJh tvGefta&;}uD;wJh umvyg? jynfolvlxkudk pdwf"mwfwufaeatmif/
awmufywJh tem*wfudk jrifaeatmif vkyf=u&ygr,f? rdrdwdk@tiftm;pkrsm;twGif;rSm a&S@vkyfief;awGtwGuf pnf;±Hk;a&;t&/ zGJ@pnf;a&;
t& awmifhwif;atmif jyifqif&ygr,f? etz npfywfcJhwmudk zGifhcsaewm vkyfae±HkeJ@ r+yD;yg? etz npfywfcJhwmudk zGifhcs&if;
a&S@vkyfief;udk vlxk}uD;odk@ csjy&ygr,f? jynfwGif;rSm ajAmifvkyfEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl;? v#dK@0Su+f yD; vkyf&rSmyg? qENcH,lyGJumvrSm
‘uef@uGufrJay;a&;v_yf&Sm;r_’ udk v#dK@0SufvkyfcJhwJhtawG@tñuH &SdcJh+yD;om;jzpfvdk@ cufr,frxifyg? tJ'DtawG@tñuHudk wdk;csJ@=u&ygr,f?
wd;k csJ@EdkifwJh tvm;tvmvnf; &Sdygw,f?
jynfyrSmuawmh ajAmifususvkyfEdkifrSmyg? wckyJ owdxm;zdk@u vlxkudk ‘vGJrSm;wJhar#mfvifhcsuf’ ray;rdzdk@yg? ‘vGJrSm;wJh
ar#mfvifhcsuf’ ray;zdk@ qdkwmu jynfytultnD ar#mfaea&;tawG;tac:udk ray;rdzdk@ jzpfygw,f?

etz u 'D (2) ESpftwGif;rSm bmvkyfrvJ?

"m;jyawG wdkuf&mygypPnf; cGJa0ovdk ppftkyfpkuvnf; olwdk@wGif;rSm wdkuf&mygypPnf; (tm%m) udk cGJa0=urSmyg? b,folu
wyfu t+idrf;pm;,l+yD; orRwavmif;vsmvkyf/ b,folu wyfxJrSm qufae+yD; umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfwdk@/ 'kwd,
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfwdk@pwJh &mxl;}uD;awG,l qdkwmudk cGJa0=urSmyg?
tawG@tñuHa[mif;awGt& ajym&&if 'DvdkumvrSm tkyfpdk;olvlwef;pm;wGif;tuGJt+yJ&J@rsdK;ADZ p+yD;ay:wwfygw,f? tkyfpkawG/
*dk%f;awG ay:wwfygw,f?
zqyv tuGJt+yJ&J@ rsdK;ADZeJ@tkyfpkuGJr_[m 1947 ckESpf AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdk@ vkyf}uHcH&+yD;wJhtcsdefup+yD; oaE<wnfcJhwmyg?
aemifrSm oef@&Sif; - wnf+rJ uGJapwJhrsdK;aph tJ'Dumvuwnf;u ygcJhwmyg?
ae0if;eJ@atmif}uD; tuGJt+yJ[mvnf; 1962 u pcJhwmyJ?

EdkifiHa&;ygwDuGJyHkeJ@ ppftkyfpkuJyG Hk b,fawmhrS rwlEdkif?

EdkifiHa&;ygwDuGJ&if vlxkudk wdkifwnfavh&Sdw,f? uGJ=u+yDqdk&if [dkwkef;u }udwfrSdwf+yD;aecJhor#awGudk &ifzGifhavh&Sdw,f? vlxk&J@

axmufcHr_udk&atmif ,lavh&Sdw,f? OD;EkeJ@OD;ausmf+idrf;wdk@ vkyfcJhyHkudk jyef+yD;avhvm&if &Sif;ygw,f?
ppftyk fpuk GJ&ifawmh vlxkudkwdkifwnfavh r&Sdbl;? wyf&J@axmufcHr_&zdk@ wyfrª;}uD;awGudkyJ tvkt,uf pnf;±Hk;avh&Sdw,f? tJ'Dvdk
vkyf&ifvnf; wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwfyJ vkyfwwfw,f? cGm&mwdkif;EdkifwJh tajctae&Sd&ifawmh wefjyeftm%modrf;zdk@ }uHpnfwwfw,f?
tkyfpdk;olawG&J@tuGJt+yJudk jzpfapwJhvwfwavmta=umif;?

tkyfpdk;olawG&J@tuGJt+yJ jzpfwmwdkif;rSm vwfwavmta=umif;wckawmh &Sdwmcsnf;yJ? zqyv udk uGJapwm[m 1956 ygvDref

a&G;aumufyJGyJ? yrnw u rJawGtrsm;}uD; &vdkufwma=umifhyJ?
ae0if; - atmif}uD; tuGJt+yJu (7) &ufZlvdkifu vwfwavmta=umif;yJ?
oef;a&$ - cif!Gef@tuGJt+yJu ‘'DyJ,if;’ u vwfwavmta=umif;yJ?
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k ;f tkypf ktuGJt+yJu ppftkyfpkwdkif;rSm t+rJwrf;&SdaerSmyg? eHygwf0rf; =oZmusvm&if udpPwdkif;[m vwfwavmta=umif;
jzpfvmwwfygw,f?

“2010 a&G;aumufyJ”G tvGefumv vkyfief;rsm;?

2008 tajccHOya'tusyftwnf;u 2010 a&G;aumufyGJvGefumvusrS ay:rSmyg? ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ u a&G;aumufyGJt+yD;

yxrqHk;v$wfawmftpnf;ta0;usrS tm%mwnfrSm jzpfvdk@ygyJ?
tm%mwnfvm&if umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf OD;aqmifwJh ‘etz’ udk zsufodrf;&r,f? orRwOD;aqmifwJh trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;eJ@
vHkðcHa&;aumifpD (ruv) eJ@ tpm;xdk;&r,f?
(ruv) aumifpDrSm ygrSmu orRw&,f/ 'korRw (2) OD;&,f/ v$wfawmfOuUX (2) OD;&,f/ umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfeJ@
'kumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu (2) OD;&,f/ umuG,fa&;/ EdkifiHjcm;a&;/ jynfxJa&;eJ@ e,fpyfa&;0ef}uD;u (4) OD;&,f ygrSmjzpfygw,f?
(ruv) aumifpDudk orRwu OD;aqmifw,fvdk@ a&;xm;ayr,fh vufawG@jzpfvmrSmu orRweJ@OD;pD;csKyfwdk@&J@ yl;wGJacgif;aqmifr_
jzpfvmvdrfhr,f? olwdk@ (2) OD; !‡dEd_if;vdk@&aeor# (ruv) tvkyfjzpfaerSmyJ? !‡dr&bJuGJ=u&if tajccHOya' tusyftwnf; jzpfrSmyJ?
ArmjynfEdkifiHa&;rSm tJ'Dvdk tusyftwnf;jzpfwJhtawG@tñuH &Sd+yD;om;yg?
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdk@ tvkyf}uHcH&awmh OD;Ek 0ef}uD;csKyfjzpfvmw,f? aqGeJ@+idrf;u umuG,fa&;eJ@jynfxJa&; 0ef}uD;awG
jzpfvmw,f? OD;EkrSmu a,bk,s=oZmyJ &Sdw,f? pnf;±Hk;xm;wJh tiftm;pk r&Sdbl;? aqG - +idrf;rSmu Armjynfqdk&S,fvpfygwD &Sdw,f?
tvkyform;/ v,form;/ pD;yGm;ukefoG,fpwJh vlwef;pm;vl@tv$m tpnf;t±Hk;awG &Sdw,f? ppfwyfxJrSmvnf; qdk&S,fvpfwyfrª;awG
&Sdw,f? OD;ausmf+idrf;u owif;pmwdkufawG ±dkufcsdK;awmh OD;Eku qdk&S,fvpfawGudk umuG,fay;&w,f? uGefjrLepfygwDacsr_ef;a&;vkyfawmh
(jynfwGif;ppfzefwD;awmh) OD;Eku oabmwl&w,f? (0ef}uD;csKyf) OD;Eku aemufvdkufyJ? t}uHtpnfOD;aqmifolu (jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;)
OD;ausmf+idrf;yJ? tJ'Dvdkjzpfaewmudk OD;Eku auseyfvSwm r[kwfbl;? aemufawmh 1956 a&G;aumufyGJrSm zqyv tusemawmhrS OD;Eku
udk,fydkifpnf;±Hk;a&; vkyfvmw,f? OD;Eku aqG+idrf; qdk&S,fvpfawGudk pwif+yD; xdk;ESufw,f? OD;Eku emrnfcH ‘OD;aqmifol}uD;’
vkyfae&wm pdwfysufvmw,f? &Sufvmw,f? jynfwGif;uomru jynfyu tpdk;&awGuyg ol@udk emrnfcHacgif;aqmif}uD;rSef;
odvmwmudk emusnf;cHjyif;vmw,f? 'gha=umifh zqyv udk olOD;aqmif+yD; cGJypfvdkufwmyJ? ol@udk,fydkifpnf;±Hk;a&;udk vkyfvkdufwmyJ?
tJ'DtawG@tñuHt& EdkifiHawmft}uD;tuJ orRwqdkwJh abmif;bDc|wfuvnf; OD;EkvdkyJ &Sufvmvdrfhr,f? cHjyif;vmvdrfhr,f?
‘2008 tajccHOya'’ u yk'frawG[m odyf+yD;wif;usyfrmawmifhvGef;vSw,f? yk'fr (232) udk =unfhyg? 0ef}uD; (3) yg;udk OD;pD;csKyfu
(vufawG@tm;jzifh) a&G;ay;rSmyg? tJ'D0ef}uD;awG udkifr,fqdkwJh XmeawGuvnf; EdkifiHa&;tm%m&J@ r¾dKifXmeawG jzpfw,f? (ruv)
aumifpDudk orRwu emrnfcHOD;aqmifolyJ jzpfvmvdrfhr,f? wu,fhOD;aqmifolu OD;pD;csKyfyJ jzpfrSmyg?
wjcm;jy\emay:EdkifwJh yk'frawGuvnf; rsm;vGef;vSygw,f? tJ'gawGudkawmh rwifjyawmhygbl;? A[dkeJ@jynfe,f=um;rSm/
A[dkeJ@wdkif;=um;rSm jy\emawG ay:Edkifygw,f? tJ'gawGu tkyfpdk;olawG&J@ tuGJt+yJujkd zpfapwJh vwfwavmta=umif;awG
jzpfvmEdkifygw,f?
‘2008 tajccHOya'’ [m 2008 ck ppftkyfpkwGif;tajctaet& a&;xm;wmyg? tajctaeopfwckodk@ ajymif;oGm;&if
tJ'Dyk'frawGu tkyfpdk;olawG&J@tuGJt+yJudk aphaqmfygvdrfhr,f? =um=umapmifh&r,fvdk@vnf; rxifygbl;? bma=umifhvJqdkawmh vlxku
(txl;ojzifh 21 &mpk rsdK;qufopfawGu) EdkifiHa&;Edk;=um;aevdk@yg? 1962 uae 1974 txd =um;umvrSmvdk rqv rd_if;rdaewJhacwfeJ@
rwlawmhvdk@yg?

xdkifapmifhaevdk@r&?

tajctaeajymif;wmudk xdkifapmifhaevdk@ r&ygbl;? udk,fu wufwufºuºuv_yf&Sm;aerS tajctaeajymif;rSmyg?

u,fwif&Sif ar#mfaevdk@vnf; r&ygbl;? rsufarSmufEdkifiHwumhtajctaeudk rSefrSefuefuef tuJjzwfwwf&ygr,f?
qENcH,lyJt
G vGefrSm jzpfvmr,fh EdkifiHa&;tcif;tusif;?

etz u NLD udk aoG;wdk;prf;zdESdyfwm ydk+yD;vkyfvmvdrfhr,f? wufºuoludkxdk;ESuf/ aysmhnHholudk odrf;oGif;wm vkyfvdrfhr,f?

u|efawmfwdk@u wufºuolawGbufu &yfwnf&r,f? aysmhnHholawGudk 0dkif;y,f&r,f?
jynfyrSm v_yf&Sm;aewJh EdkifiHa&;tiftm;pkawGxJrSmawmh tajymif;tvJ odyf&Sdr,frxifygbl;?
NLD udk aoG;wdk;prf;ovdk ppf&yfpJa&;tzGJ@awGudkvnf; aoG;wdk;prf;rSmyg? NLD udk ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ &J@ tcef; (10)
EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;tcef;u (yk'fr 407) eJ@ aoG;wdk;prf;r,f? ppf&yfpJa&;tzGJ@awGudkawmh tcef; (7) (yk'fr 338 eJ@ yk'fr 339) eJ@
aoG;wdk;prf;vdrfhr,f?
u|efawmfwdk@ygwDu NLD &J@ wufºuwJholawGbufu &yfwnfovdkyJ ppf&yfpJa&;tzGJ@awG&J@ wufºuwJholawGbufu
&yfwnf&rSmyJ?

apmifh=unfh&r,fhudpPawG?

ae0if;wke;f u qENc, H yl JG +yD;+yD;csif; a&G;aumufyJv

G kyfw,f? ol@rSm rqv &Sd+yD;om;? òr@ay:rSm twdkuftcH (O/G ygwD) r&Sdbl;?
'ga=umifh vkyf0Hhw,f? a&G;aumufyGJpepfuvnf; waumifwnf; 0ifòyifwJhyJ?G bmrS a=umufp&mr&Sdbl;?
oef;a&$uawmh ‘qENcH,lyGJ’ eJ@ ‘a&G;aumufyGJ’ udk (2) ESpf cGmxm;&w,f? ol@rSm }uH@§zGH@udk ygwDtjzpfzGJ@zdk@ vkyf&OD;r,f?
twdkuftcH O/G ygwD}uD; (NLD) udk aoG;wdk;prf;&OD;r,f? ppf&yfpJa&;tzGJ@awGudk udkif&OD;r,f? 'ga=umifh cGmxm;wmyJ?
}uH@§zGH@ udk b,fvkdzGJ@rvJ? 'g[m apmifh=unfh&r,fhudpPyJ?
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