2 LTE Interoperability in Idle Mode (LTE-GU)

LTE Interoperability in
Idle Mode(LTE->G/U)
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1.
LTE Interoperability in Idle Mode Overview
2.
IRAT PLMN Selection Procedure
3.
IRAT Cell Selection Criteria
4.
IRAT Cell Reselection Criteria
5.
IRAT Signaling Procedure in Idle Mode
Page3
States of UE at Switch on *
Page4
Related to
interoperability which
will be discussed in
this course
States and Relationships in Idle

Mode
Page5
Camp-on Strategies in the Idle

Mode
Idle-Mode Camp-On
Idle-Mode Camp-On
Between Different PLMNs
Within the Same PLMN
PLMN A
LTE
LTE
PLMN A
LTE
LTE
PLMN B
UMTS
UMTS
PLMN A
UMTS
UMTS
PLMN C
GSM
GSM
PLMN A
GSM
GSM
The dual-mode UE camps on the

network with the highest priority
(usually LTE by default) through
PLMN selection.
Power
on
PLMN Selection
The dual-mode UE camps on the

network with the highest priority
(usually LTE by default) through
cell reselection.
Cell
selection
Cell Reselection
Page6
Comparation of Camp-on Strategies
LTE use the same or different PLMN IDs with GERAN/UTRAN
Arrange
Description
EUTRAN use the same PLMN ID with

GERAN/UTRAN
EUTRAN use different PLMN ID with

GERAN/UTRAN
Remain in
LTE network
in Idle state
Set the cell reselect priority in eNodeB

ENodeB broadcasts system information
UE stay in LTE and not easy reselect to
GERAN/UTRAN cell
Configure high priority PLMN ID for LTE and low

priority PLMN ID for GERAN/UTRAN (notes UE update
EHPLMN date in USIM card via SMS via OTA mode )
UE will select PLMN of LTE at first when attach or
reselect in idle state
Remain in
GERAN/UTRA
N network in
Idle State
RAN broadcasts cell reselection parameter in SIB3/4

RAN broadcasts inter-RAT cell reselection
parameter in SIB3/4 and inter-RAT frequency priority
of LTE
UE searches all high priority of RAT frequency cell
Configure high priority PLMN ID for GERAN/UTRAN

and low priority PLMN ID for LTE (notes UE update
EHPLMN data in USIM card via SMS via OTA mode )
UE will select PLMN of GERAN/UTRAN at first when
attach or reselect in idle state
RAN does not need upgrade
Advantage
User smoothly upgrade (do not need update

EHPLMN data in USIM card)
The time of cell reselection is short
UE Returns to LTE on time
Reduce electric power
Need RAN upgrade
UE search and measure LTE cell for long time

Consume electric power
Cant reselect to LTE on time
It is suggested EUTRAN uses the same PLMN ID with GERAN/UTRAN
Disadvantage
Page8
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page9
PLMN Selection Principle
When a dual-mode UE is powered on in an area covered by both the

LTE and the GERAN/UTRAN network, it needs to select a network to
camp on. The principles of network selection are as follows:
After the dual-mode UE is powered on, it first tries the Registered Public
Land Mobile Network (RPLMN) and the cell that it previously camps on.
If the RPLMN and cell do not meet the camp-on conditions, the UE selects a
proper PLMN and RAT according to the configurations in the UMTS
Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) and then a qualified cell.
To improve user experience and make full use of the newly deployed
LTE network, the LTE network is usually set with the highest priority.
The public priorities are broadcast through system messages.
Page10
PLMN Selection Procedure Overview

RPLMN
EPLMN
(if available)
The highest (If present and
priority EHPLMN not empty
HPLNM
(If the EHPLMN list

is not present or
empty)
UPLMN
OPLMN
Other PLMN
Page11
PLMN Selection Procedure in

Detail
Stored in
UE
Set in SIM
Set in UE
Set in SIM
Suggested PLMN List in
SIM card:
PLMN + E-UTRAN
PLMN + UTRAN
PLMN + GSM
Last RPLMN or equivalent PLMN
HPLMN&EHPLMN Selector with Access

Technology data file (in priority order)
User Controlled PLMN Selector
with Access Technology data file
(in priority order)
Operator Controlled PLMN Selector
with Access Technology data file (in
priority order)
PLMN Select
When UE
Switch On
The Timer of HPLMN

Reselection is Saved in
USIM Card(6m~8h in 6m
steps or no periodic
attempts)
The PLMN with Better Wireless

Quality in random order
Other PLMN Base On Wireless Quality
in order of decreasing signal quality
Customized PLMN/Frequency List in SIM card, UE Prefers to Camp on LTE Network

Page13
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page15
Location of UE Search and Selection

Procedure
Power on
UE
idle
Behavior
phase
Time and
Frequency
synchronization
Downlink
synchronization
complete
Decode system
information
Physical layer
measurement
(RSRP&RSRQ)
UE
access
phase
eNodeB provides
timing advance
information
Uplink
synchronization
complete
Page16
Invisible flow
Partial visible flow
Visible flow
Cell Search
Page17
Synchronized Signal
DL SS is used to realize DL synchronization between

UE and eNodeB and also help UE to get PCI of cell
Page18
System Message Receiving
Purpose: From the system

message, UE get all
necessary parameters for
the further procedure,
such as cell camping,
random access, etc.
Page19
System Message Overview
For detail, please refer to notes below.

Page20
RRC States
Page22
RRC Connection
Page23
LTE RRC State Interoperability with 2G/3G
Page24
Cell Selection/Reselection
Procedures
Page25
Cell Selection
After receiving all necessary system message, UE start to

measure RS (Reference Signal) for cell selection judgment
RSRP and RSRQ can be evaluated
Criteria for cell selection:

Srxlev > 0 and Squal > 0
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) Pcompensation
Squal = Qqualmeas (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
Page26
Cell Selection Configuration
The parameter Minimum Required RX quality level offset(dB)

will appear only when the Minimum required RX quality level
offset configure indicator is configured as CFG(Configure).
Qrxlevmin
Qrxlevminoffset
Qqualmin
Qqualminoffset
Criteria for cell selection:

Srxlev > 0 and Squal > 0
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) Pcompensation
Squal = Qqualmeas (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
Page27
Cell Selection Configuration
MOD CELLRESEL
PMaximum allowed power

Pcompensation = max (PMaximum allowed power PUE MAX Output Power, 0)
Page28
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page29
Cell Reselection Overview
The signal strength of both the serving cell and

neighboring cells varies with the movement of a UE,
so the UE needs to select a better cell to camp on.
This process is called cell reselection.
Related to interoperability which will be discussed in this course
Page30
Cell Reselection Evaluation Criteria
Cell Reselection Priority

Blacklisted
Cell
Cell Reselection
Evaluation
Confirm the
target cell in
cell reselection
Result of Neighboring
Cell Measurement
Page31
Blacklisted Cell Identifying
During cell reselection, UEs are not allowed to

measure or reselect blacklisted cells of the serving
cell.
UEs identify blacklisted cells by PCIs(Physical Cell

Types of
Delivere
Blacklisted
Identifiers).
d via
Cells
Intra-frequency
blacklisted
cells
Inter-frequency
blacklisted
cells
MML. Parameter
SIB4
1)IntraFreqBlkCell.PhyCellId : a starting PCI;

2)IntraFreqBlkCell.PhyCellIdRange:the number of
consecutive PCIs from the starting PCI onwards
SIB5
1)InterFreqBlkCell.DlEarfcn:specifies the
downlink EARFCN of the neighboring E-UTRAN;
2)InterFreqBlkCell.PhyCellId :a starting PCI;
3)InterFreqBlkCell.PhyCellIdRange : the number
of consecutive PCIs from the starting PCI
onwards.
Page32
Data Configuration of Blacklisted

Cell
For intra-frequency blacklisted cells
For inter-frequency blacklisted cells
Page33
The Neighboring Cell Priority Overview
During implying measurements and the cell reselection, the UE needs to

obtain the priorities of neighboring frequencies.
Note: Frequencies of different RATs must have different priorities. During

the evaluation for reselection to an intra-frequency neighboring cell, the
UE ignores the priority of the target frequency because cells that work
on the same frequency have the same priority.
The priorities of inter frequency and IRAT are classified into two types:
Absolute priority
Static configuration via MML
Dedicated priority
Assigned by RRC Conncection Release message and is valid for a

specific UE
Page34
Types of the Neighboring Cell Priority

Delive
Priorit
y Type
ry
MML Command.
Metho Parameter
Product
Version
Notes
d
SIB3
SIB5
Absolute
Priority
(Cell
Level)
SIB6
SIB7
SIB8
CELLRESEL.CellReselPriority
The Serving Cell
EUTRANINTERNFREQ.
Inter-frequency
Ncells
CellReselPriority
UTRANNFREQ.CellReselPriority
GERANNFREQGROUP.
CellReselPriority
UE has no dedicated
priority
UMTS Ncells
GSM Ncells
CDMA2000 Ncells
CDMA2000BANDCLASS.
CellReselPriority
Mapping to UEs SPID:
RATFreqPriorityGroup. Priority
The priority is delivered to the UE
in an RRC Connection Release
message when the UE attempts to
release radio resources for "other
cause.
Send to
UE in an
d
RRC
Priority
Connecti
on
(User
Release
The priority is delivered to the UE
Copyright
2013
Huawei
Co.,Release
Ltd. All rights
Level)
message
in anTechnologies
RRC Connection
when the UE attempts to release
Dedicate
It is permanent when
180min
Priority
Valid within
associated with
RRCCONNSTATETI
the UEs SPID, has
MER.T320ForOther
higher priority
Valid within
reserved. Page35
RRCCONNSTATETI
than that
configured by
The Absolute Priority Configurationthe Serving Cell Reselection Priority

The absolute priority of the serving frequency is set by
(1/4)
CELLRESEL.CellReselPriority which is broadcasted in the

SIB3.
Page37
The Absolute Priority ConfigurationEUTRAN Target Cell (2/4)
MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ
Note: if priority indicator is set Not CFG, then UE

doesnt implement cell reselection to the target
frequency.
Page38
The Absolute Priority Configuration- the

IRAT Neighbor Cell Reselection
The absolute priority of the neighboring GERAN frequency is
Priority(3/4)
set by GERANNFREQGROUP.CellReselPriority which is
broadcasted in the SIB7.

GSM
The absolute priority of the neighboring UTRAN frequency is

set by UTRANNFREQ.CellReselPriority which is broadcasted
in the SIB6.
UMTS
Page39
The Absolute Priority Configuration the IRAT Neighbor Cell Reselection

The absolute priority of the neighboring CDMA2000 frequency
Priority(4/4)
is set by CDMA2000BANDCLASS.
Cdma20001XrttCellReselPri which is broadcasted in the SIB8.
Page40
Dedicated Cell Reselection Priority

Configuration and Application Overview
Dedicated cell reselection priority in RRC Release is received by UE when UE leave RRC-Connected state.
Dedicated cell reselection priority is configured in eNodeB based on Operator policy for every SPID.
Step1:Dedicated cell reselection priority configuration in eNodeB
MML COMMAND: RatFreqPriorityGroup
Step2: setup the mapping between dedicated priority and SPID
RatFreq RatType DlEarf Prio BandIndicat
1
MML COMMAND: SpidCfg

Spid
RatFreqPriorityInd
1
CFG(CFG)
RatFreqPriorityGroupId
1
Not involved
NOT_CFG(NOT_CFG)
Not involved
Not involved
NOT_CFG (NOT_CFG)
Not involved
F4
CFG(CFG)
EUTRAN F1
GSM_dcs18
00
Not involved
EUTRAN F2
Not involved
UTRAN
F3
Not involved
5
...
...
5
...
256
CFG(CFG)
CFG(CFG)
CFG(CFG)
4
...
255
GERAN
F4
...
...
...
...
GSM_pcs19
00
...
rity
or
UE
EUTRAN F1
Not involved
EUTRAN F2
UTRAN
F3
GERAN
Priorit
yGroupI
d
1
cn
Step3: eNodeB send dedicated cell reselection priority to UE
Step4: UE firstly applies dedicated priority before the optional

validity time of dedicated priorities (T320) expires.
By
dedicated Priority based on SPID, Operators can make its subscribers to camp in a suitable RAT (a cell of LTE/UMTS/GSM) or
frequency (a cell of LTE) based on the service characteristics. For example, for a data centric subscriber, a LTE cell will be the more
suitable selection than an UMTS cell or a GSM cell; for a voice centric subscriber, a GSM cell or an UMTS cell will be the more
suitable selection than a LTE cell.
Page41
The Dedicated Priority Configuration
for the Flexible User Steering
If flexible user steering feature is activated, we can set the dedicated

priority based on subscriber profile ID, and valid duration is 180 min.
It is delivered to the UE in an RRC Connection Release message when

the UE's radio resources are released.
mapping
Page42
Timers Configuration of the Dedicate

Priority
A UE deletes priorities provided by dedicated signaling in any
of the following situations:
The NAS signals the AS to perform PLMN selection.
The UE enters the connected mode.
The validity time (specified byT320) of the dedicated

priority expires.
The value of T320 is fixed to 180 minutes for UEs SPID.

Otherwise, timers configured in the following figure will be
used.
Page43
The IRAT Neighboring Measurement

Overview
Before the cell reselection, a UE performs measurements of

neighboring cells based on the RX signal level and quality of the
serving cell and frequency priorities of the neighboring cells.
The UE only measures the neighboring frequencies

broadcasted in the system information and the
neighboring frequencies whose priority information is
carried in the RRC Connection Release message.
Page44
Neighboring Cell Measurement

Procedure before Cell
Reselection
Intre-Freq /IRAT Measurement
CELLRESEL.S
IntraSearch
CfgInd=
NOT_CFG(No
t
configure)
CELLRESEL.S
IntraSearch
CfgInd=CFG(
Configure)
Intra-Freq
Measurement
PNCELLPSCELL
Qqual
PNCELL>PSCELL
Qqual
Always
measuring
SIntraSearchQ
SNonIntraSearchQ
Always
measuring
Srxlev
Srxlev
SIntraSearchP
Always Measuring
SNonIntraSearchP
Always
Measuring
Always Measuring
From SIB ,UE can get the serving cell and IRAT neighbors priorities.
For the high priority cells, UE measure them always, for the low priority cells, UE measure them in case
of the serving cell signal is lower than the threshold.
The intra frequency cells have the same frequency priority, frequencies of different RATs must have
different priorities.
Page45
Data Configuration of Neighboring Cell

Measurement Threshold
SNonIntraSearchP
SNonIntraSearchCfgInd
SNonIntraSearchQ
Page47
Cell Reselection Criteria Overview

Reselection to a Better Cell
Cell Reselection
Principal
TDD
TDD
S-eNB is worse than

Thresh_serving.low & T-BTS is
better than Thresh_x.low
FDD
FDD
Cell Reselection
High Prio.
eNodeB
UMTS/GSM
T-eNB is better than Thresh_x.high
No need consider serving cell
Low Prio.
eNodeB/BTS
Both CellS and Celln should be

considered
Low Prio. -> High

Prio.
Happens when UE
enters Higher
Priority
Cell.
High
Prio.
-> Low
Prio.
Happens when UE
moves out of
Higher Priority Cell.
UEs camp on Cell

which providing best
service
Cell Reselection (Low -> High)

Cell Reselection (High -> Low)
Page48
Inter-RAT Cell Selection Criteria
During reselection to an inter-RAT neighboring cell, the Srxlev

and Squal values of inter-RAT neighboring cells need to be
calculated as follows:
UTRAN Neighboring cell
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset)

Pcompensation
GERAN Neighboring cell
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin Pcompensation
CDMA2000 Neighboring cell
Squal = Qqualmeas - (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
Srxlev = -FLOOR(-2 x 10 x log10 Ec/Io)
Reselection to an inter-RAT cell can be classified into reselection to
Page49
The General Procedure of Reselection

to a Higher-priority Cell
No need consider serving cell
When ThrshServLowQCfgInd CFG

that is to say, SIB3 contains
threshServingLowQ, only for EUTRAN
and UTRAN neighbour cells, using :
Squal>Threshx.highQ.
While for GERAN and CDMA neighbour

cells , no matter whether
ThrshServLowQCfgInd CFG, always
using:
Srxlev> Threshx.high
Cell Reselection( Low -> High)

step1
ThrshServLowQCfgInd
step2
ThreshServingLowQ
Page51
The Data Configuration of Reselection

to a Higher-priority Cell(1/2)
TReselUtran
UTRAN
ThreshXHigh
ThreshXHighQ
TReselGeran
GERAN
ThreshXHigh
Page52
The Data Configuration of Reselection

to a Higher-priority Cell(2/2)
TreselectionHrpd
CDMA2000
Cdma1XrttTreselection
Cdma20001XrttThreshXHigh
Cdma2000HrpdThreshXHigh
Page53
The General Procedure of

Reselection to a Lower-priority
Cell
When ThrshServLowQCfgInd CFG
that is to say, SIB3 contains
Both CellS and Celln should be considered
threshServingLowQ,
For serving cell,

Squal<threshServingLowQ
For EUTRAN and UTRAN neighbour

cells, Squal>threshXLowQ
When ThrshServLowQCfgInd NOT

CFG,
For serving cell,

Srxlev<threshServingLow
Cell Reselection (High
-> Low)
For EUTRAN and UTRAN neighbour

cells, Srxlev>threshXLow
While for GERAN and CDMA neighbour

cells , no matter whether
ThrshServLowQCfgInd CFG,
Srxlev>Page54
threshXLow
The Data Configuration of

Cell(1/2)
TReselUtran
UTRAN
ThreshXLow
ThreshXLowQ
TReselGeran
GERAN
ThreshXLow
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page55
The Data Configuration of

Cell(2/2)
TreselectionHrpd
CDMA2000
Cdma1XrttTreselection
Cdma20001XrttThreshXLow
Cdma2000HrpdThreshXLow
Page56
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page57
MS
eNodeB
new SGSN
old MME
S-GW
P-GW
HSS
LTE->GU Cell
Reselection
GnGp SGSN
0. UE changes to UTRAN or GERAN

1. Routeing Area Update Request
2. SGSN Context Request
2. SGSN Context Response
3. Security Functions
4. SGSN Context Acknowledge
old SGSN
6. Update PDP Context Request
6. Update PDP Context Response
7. Update Location
8. Cancel Location
8. Cancel Location Ack
9. Insert Subscriber Data
9. Insert Subscriber Data Ack
10. Update Location Ack
11. Routeing Area Update Accept
12. Routeing Area Update Complete
13. Delete Session Request

13. Delete Session Response
13. S1-AP: S1 Release
Key process of inter RAT

RAU
Locate UE identity
MME check P-TMSI
signature
MME mapping MM context
MME performs EPS and
PDP context mapping
include pre-R8 and R8 QoS
mapping
Create PDP context and
delete bearer
Other step is just as intra

Page58
GU->LTE
Cell Reselection
Gn/Gp SGSN
Key process of inter RAT

TAU
Locate UE identity
MME check PTMSI
signature
MME mapping MM context
MME performs EPS and PDP
context mapping include
pre-R8 and R8 QoS
mapping
Crete PDP context and delete
PDP context
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page60
Other is just as the same as
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LTE Interoperability in

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Interoperability in Idle Mode Overview

IRAT PLMN Selection Procedure

IRAT Cell Selection Criteria

IRAT Cell Reselection Criteria

IRAT Signaling Procedure in Idle Mode

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

States and Relationships in Idle

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Camp-on Strategies in the Idle

Within the Same PLMN

The dual-mode UE camps on the

The dual-mode UE camps on the

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparation of Camp-on Strategies

LTE use the same or different PLMN IDs with GERAN/UTRAN

EUTRAN use the same PLMN ID with

EUTRAN use different PLMN ID with

Set the cell reselect priority in eNodeB

Configure high priority PLMN ID for LTE and low

RAN broadcasts cell reselection parameter in SIB3/4

Configure high priority PLMN ID for GERAN/UTRAN

User smoothly upgrade (do not need update

UE search and measure LTE cell for long time

It is suggested EUTRAN uses the same PLMN ID with GERAN/UTRAN

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Interoperability in Idle Mode Overview

IRAT PLMN Selection Procedure

IRAT Cell Selection Criteria

IRAT Cell Reselection Criteria

IRAT Signaling Procedure in Idle Mode

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PLMN Selection Principle

When a dual-mode UE is powered on in an area covered by both the

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PLMN Selection Procedure Overview

(If the EHPLMN list

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PLMN Selection Procedure in

Last RPLMN or equivalent PLMN

HPLMN&EHPLMN Selector with Access

The Timer of HPLMN

The PLMN with Better Wireless

Customized PLMN/Frequency List in SIM card, UE Prefers to Camp on LTE Network

LTE Interoperability in Idle Mode Overview

IRAT PLMN Selection Procedure

IRAT Cell Selection Criteria

IRAT Cell Reselection Criteria

IRAT Signaling Procedure in Idle Mode

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Location of UE Search and Selection

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

DL SS is used to realize DL synchronization between

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

System Message Receiving

Purpose: From the system

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

System Message Overview

For detail, please refer to notes below.

Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.