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Soal Stan 2014
Soal Stan 2014
y E hubungan x dan y tidak dapat citentukan ska ptr = Aper Dikstahui bahwa x ="* dan y = 24, Jika a, b, ¢.d, dan «adalah blangan posit kelipatan 2 yang perurutan dan f. 9.4, Lan { adalah bilangan positi kelipatan 2 yang berurutan maka er Graky Dir>y EE. hubungan « dan y tidak dapat citentukan Delapan tahun yang lalu, usia Candra ‘¢" adalah seperima usianya sekarang. Jika usia Dani "d sekarang dua kali usianya tahun lalv, maka AceSd Bsced C.5¢ D. 5 c= Sd > 5d Halaman 8 dari 16 | | 8 2 a nn or ae56. 60. a 62, ‘Sebual buku digiskon 2 Kall berturut-turut yaitu 20% ean x %, Jka diekon total menjaci 36%, ‘aia x adalah 20 B17 16 Dw E10 Selisin antara bilangan terbesar dan terkecil davi bilsngan yang ferbentuk dari 3 sigit sngka yang opal eibus: sehingga habls dibagl 7 adaiah A890 5. sae 6.888 D sar E536 Diketahul jumlah n_bilangan posit genap yang pertama adalah "272. Dail bilangan-ailangan Senap tereebul, jumich fima bilangan terakhimya adaiah . ‘A150 B40 C130 D120 E110 Pedagang jamu mempunyai lemari yang hanya ikup ditompati untuk 40 boks jamu. Dengan nodal Rp200.000,00 1 membeli jamu A dan Jamu B- Mnasing-inasing seharga 06.000,00 Setisp boks dan Rp8.000,00 satin boks. Jika yrarga jual tip boks jaru ® Rp8.500,00 dan jarnu = R98,800.00, keuntungan maksimum yang diperoleh adalah . A. Fe928.600,00 5 Rp29.000,00 C.R026.000,00 -R23.000,00 E-Ra20.000,00 Parél_mempunyai 48 karung guia di tokonya dengan erat masing-masing karung adalah san'a. Pardi kemucian mengirim 3/6 gulanya ke ‘Toko Cltincing dan 2:8 gulanya ke toko Papaho. tka i toko Paral masin tersedia 1728 kg gula, berapa herat stiap karung semula? A160 8.155 6.140 D.120 E96 “Sobvah bola dijatuhkan ke lantal dari ketinggian 2 m. Setiap kali setelah memantul bola itu nencapai kelinggian tiga perempat dad kefinggian yang cicapai sebelumnya. Panjang lintasan bola tersebut dari pantulan ketiga sampal Deshenti adalah ... A800 5.8.00 ©.4.50 0.4.28 E338 Sebuah Kendaraan mengalamni penurunan_harga cara berturuttucut 40% dan 20%. Berapa Denurunan fatal harga Kendaraan terseout? ‘A 88% B. 64% 0.52% 30% E 24% a4, 65. 66. er. 688. 89, Di lermari terdapat 20. buku Gengen 10. dlantaranya bersampul biru. Dodi ciminta mengambil 17 buka yang teraiti dari selurvh buku bersampul biru dan buku lsinnya Sanyaknya pilixan yang dapat Doci ambil adalah A125 8.120 c.106 D.96 £80 Dari suaiy bidang tegak TXYZ, diketahui TX tegak lus bidang X¥Z dengan panjang TX = 5 om. Jika segiiga XYZ sama sisi dengan XY = 12 cm, luas segiiga TYZ adalah .. cm A.30V13 B. 120133, C13 D.eit33 E613 Pak Subur memindahkan susu dari tabung berdameter 200 cm dan tinggi 80 om ke dalam -kaleng yang berbentuk Kubus cengan panjang rusuk 30 om. Jika Pak Subur ingin menyisakan susu ci wadantabung banyak 2/Snya, berapa meksimal Kaleng yang dibutuhkan Pak Subur? A140 B72 Be S 24 Seorang _pengusaha berencana untuk menghasilkan kountungan setelaf pajak pada tahun 2074 sebesar 30% dari penjuaian. ‘Jka Besarnya pajak adalah 20% dan keuntungan sebelum_pajak dan semua biaya sebesar p00 juta, berapa minimal penjusian yang harus dicapai untuk" empercienKeuniungan seperti yang A. Rpt 6 Milvar B.Rpv,5 Milyar CRot2 Miyar D.Rpt'iilyar E-Rp800 Jute Dalam eebuan Keluarga yang terdl dart 6 orang anak dh anoxrya Sarum tahun dan abun. ca "tera tmur anak acaiah 8 tahun dah umtur empl ana linnya adelsh x, L442, 2x~3 dan S12, moka berapa tahun umur anak teriua? At ai C13 B12 E8 ska 22 38 a Car bx eas onmaka 22 =, Dari svaiy segitiga POR dikstahui bahwa besar sudut P adalah 30" dan cudut Q adalah 80° dika p+ q= 6 maka panjang sii q acalah A932 B.9~3y3 C.2y8-3 D.2y2-2 E.3v3-3 USM Program Diploma | dan Diploma ill STAN 2014 de Gh, teil70. Dalam sebuah perlemuan, 1/3 yang hacir acaleh 73, Sualu proyek yang dikerjakan oleh 12 orang pekeria Wanita, Sebanyak 3/5 pria yang hadir mempunyai dapat diselesakan dalam wakiu 20 hari Barapa anak iebih dani 2. Jika “banyeknya, pri pada tambahan orang yang ciperiukan jika proyek tersebut pertemuan tersebut yang punya anak maksimal ingin Giselesaikan dalam waklu 16 han? dua agalah 4 orang. berapa jumlah peseia yong AMS ‘menghadini pertemuan tersebut? B12 Age ce 3.30 DS C25 E3 5.20 E15 71. Pak Anto mendepat gilran ronda seliap 6 hari, 74. Pada sebuah rak terdapat 2 kardus yang masing-masing a Pak Burhan setian 9 hari, Pak Candra seliap 12 bens! salu lusin minumian. Kerdus periama terdin dan hati dan Pak Dani setap 18 hati, Jika mercka 8 minuman rasa jeruk dan 4 minuman rasa leci ronda bersama-sama pada tanggal 1 Januari sedangkan paca kardus Kedua, kecua rasa tersebut 2014, pada ‘anggal berapa mereka berempat memilié jumiah yang sama. Apablla_aca_pembell 2 ‘akan’ ronda bersara-sama lagi? memoel minuman rasa lecl, berepa peluang ferambiinya ‘6 Februari 2016 rinuman dar kardus kedua? B.7 Fobruari 2074 AS C6 Februari 2014 B02 1.5 Februeti20"6 cua 4 Februati 2074 D5 E16 72, Rata-rata rilal dar siswa putri dan siswa putra di kelas X berturutturut adalah 86 dan 78. Jika rata-rata nial Kelas leregbt adalah 2, porsentase jar swe pul lrhacap jumiah sea pte kel X ada. % i B50 - C45 B40 E.30 Diagram bertkut untuk nomor 75-77. PT. Gemeriang memprodtks) keramik mulal tahun 2001 Diagram di samping menginformasikan produksi keramic PT. Cemerlang aca § tahun pertama dengan total procuks) 1,944,000 keramik, 75, Jka biaye produksi yang harus dikeluerken PT. Gemerlang ‘sebesar [°p26.000,00 ger keramik, biaya yang harus cikeluarkan pada 3 tahun perlama adalah Rp... Miyar. | 36.508 oases G.32.292 8.10998 E 19,794 76. Jka herga joa) Keramik adalah Fp38.000,00 per 77. Rata-raa produks tahun terakhir adalah ieremik, salah Mauntusgan pada tahun 2001 7 486,000 dengan 2003 adaish Re... Miva 3.477.000 RAT 468.000 3.1,701 5.429.000 o.tst2 £414,000 i D323 e738 | Tabol bert untuk nomor 78-80 a Tabel berkut adalah data da Dinas Kesehatan yang menginformasian sropocsi pendera peayakt pada iap-iap | ! Kecamatan Maku i Renajaiies fomntae 5 78. Berapa perbandingan jumlah penderita ketiga { umiah | enyat peryatt th desa ¢ chandingkan dengan jumiah 3 Desa | penduduk | DBO | Clkungunya | Malaria | perdertacidasa 6 tereebut A 128 | 0,04 0,08 0,032 B.7:3 B [Teo ams om || 88 * ¢ [10 | 003_| “0.05 0] 0.01 B23 p | 150 | oo | ope | 0.08 ¥ = | 128 [oo | opie | 0.008 79, Jika jamlah ponderia penyaki minimal 10 rang, 80. Perbandingan jumlah pendertacixungunya dibardirgkan dase forsebut exon mencapat banivan dan ati dengan penderia DBD a Kecarvaan Matsrur scalsh 3 pemefan.Berepa,"pereen” desa”" yeng rate) mendapatan bantuan? Bi3is AiO 03:3 3.60 52:6 3 40 B23 520 = a Haloman 7 deri 16 eee iUntuk soa! nomor 81 ~ 80, plhiah jawaban yang paling tepat. ai 82, 83 8s. 37.17 38 84 18 178 id 173 170 33 41 384 324 272 216 192 97 95 35 31 29 29 noop> 96 13 192 19 nSom>e GimRs noone mpom> HexR moogs® moose moop> roar Untuk seal nemor 91 ~ 104, masing-masing-tercn dari premis-premis dan lima Kemungkinan kesimpulan. Pinan jawaban yang poling tepat, o 92, es, uta seseorang membell parang dalam jumlah, ‘cocil maka harga per tem barang akan sult untuk Jebin renal daripada narga pasar. Saat ini Biro X mmelakukan pengadaan ATK, namun harga per- item barang lidak sult untuk lbh rendah daripeda hharge pasar. [A Biro X tidek membell ATK dalam jurah tidak ke. B. Biro X tidak momboli ATK dalam jumiah kecil. Biro X membel ATK dalam jumlah tidak keci 5. Biro X membeli ATK pada langganannya, Biro X membeli ATK dalam jumiah banyak. kg. tubuh Sehat maka jiwa akan sehat pula. Jka Jiwe sehat maka proses hicup akan dala ‘éengan sshat. Dede memillkl tubun yang tidak eohat, ‘A. Proses hidup Dede djalani dengan tidak sehat. roses hidup Dede djalani dengan sehat, 2 Dede memilki wa yang tidak sehat D. Dede memiikijiva yang shat. F Tidak dapat disimpulkan. Soliap ponsel_terkini bukan monefonik. Semua ponsel metk O adalah ponsel terkini, Sebagian pponsel adalah moncfonik ‘A, Sebagian sonsel terkini yang monofonik bukan pose! miesk O. B Setiap ponsel yang tidak terkini adalah ‘manofonik ‘G Setian ponsel monofonik bukan ponsel merk O. 1D Setian ponsel terkini bukan ponsel merk O. Stbazian ponsel terkini monoforik. 34, 96, Tidak seorangpun yang bekeria ci pabri« X berambut keriting, Kebanyaken pegawal yang bekerja i pabrix X memakai kacemata, A. Kebanyaken pegawai pabrk X memakai kecamata dan heramout keriting. B.Beberapa orang yang berambul keriling tidak memakei kacarrata .Pagawai pabrix X yang memakai Kacamate tidak berambut kerting D. Tidak ada pegawal petrik X yang tidak berembut keritng.. E. Pegaual kacamata, pabrik X ada yang tidak memakai ‘Semua kumbang menyukai bunga. Beberapa howan bertanduk adalah kumbang. ‘A. Ada hewan bertanduk menyukai kurmbang. Semua hewan bertancuk menyukai bunga, . Semua hewan bertancuk past kumbang, D. Ada hewan dertanduk menyukei bunga Beberapa kumbang menyukai bunga. ka te Ingin ke kota M kita herus melewati_ kota K Kota K dapat ditempun dari kota L atau kota N. Jka kita berada di kola M mek ‘Arte kita adalah N kemudian K kemudian kota M BB. kita telah melewal kota L dan kota N kita telah molawat koid L dan kota K 1D. kite telah meiewad kota N E kita tlah melewati kota K USM Program Diploma I dan Diploma lll STAN 2014 e Sgt: ll97, Berdasarcan hukum permintaan, jka hargs nik ‘maka permintaan tyrun. Sampai hari ini, nukum perminiaan itu. masin terbuktl benar. Hari ini, perminiaan akan buah-buahan tidak turun. Jedi ‘dapat disimpulkan bahwa haut int Avharga bueh-buahan tidak ‘sama dengan kemarin B harga buah-bushan tidak naik C.harga buah-buahan turun D harga buat-buahan tetae E-harga buah-bushan naik 98. Semua tanaman di kebun Paul adalah tanaman, ‘bat. Seagian tanaman cl kabun Paul adalan tanaman sayur ‘A Semua tanaman sayur yang bukan tanaman — 5, | fll} [Sy [fs at ° ° | A a C. 0. E | | 120 @ | a = le 2 | ° O| e j in| Ce =o A 3 E 3 f n643 . . 3 3 USM Program Diploma | dan Diploma Il STAN 2014 Halaman 14 dari 16 3 —-‘STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION Select the correct snswer from the four choices given! 121. Ifpeople have to pay'cash to buy an expensive ‘condominium, nobody can afford... A. buy . 8. buying ©. tobuy D. for buying 122. Daw! a speech at tis time tomorrow. gives will be given is giving willbe giving vom» 123. Cahyo mat many beautiful gis at the dinner panty lastnight, the most beautiful ..was Dina, A. ofthat B of which ©. ofthem 1B. ofwhom 124. Niag, .. covering an area of 8,121.3 kr, is the largest of the Islands off Sumatra, A. anisland B. thatan island ©. is anisland D. is that an istane 125. They .. vitamin water while jogging around the sation. A crank B. had drunk © danking B. have drunk, 126. They cfticize .. buying such an expensive car inthis monetary crisis. A she B. she's c. her BL hers 4127, The man received tie as a git from his wifer a blue sik elegant ‘a blue elegant sik ‘an elegan? blue silk an elegant sik blue 2 yow> 128. There are many good people in the world you can trust to help you A. which B. whose C whom DL of which 129, the tardy response, Iwas not allowed to enter the insitution A. Despite B. inspite of ©. Because D. Because of BAGIAN KEQUA TES BAHASA INGGRIS (NOMOR 121 5.4. 180) 130. 131 132 133. 134 135, 198, 137. 138, ‘Several people have been arrested by the local police for. smuggling 3 tons of fuel A. allege B. allegedly ©. alleges B. alleging (My teacher made me ... the history project in a week A bdo B. do C. done D. doing Waegel residents in the U.S. experience problems when ... scholarships, A. be awarded 8 awarded G._ are ewarded D. they awarded They hed baller. tothe aiaort by Ave oF else thoy may miss the fight A to get B. get ©. getting D. got ‘The emerging fashion designer .. her career in the world ef fasion by seting up her ine this year. A bulls B. has buit ©. isbult D. isbuiging The loud music from his neighbors house distracts him .. completing his thesis. A. tor B. from ©. of D. in Next to the hospital ... which is confiscated by the state court A. dark house Ba dark hou © isadark house, D. itisadarkhouse Rachel .. the course for three months by nest waak. A wiltake B, will have taken C. would take D. is going to take I-you drop the egg from the third feor, it... to pieces. wil shatter shattered would shatter vomy Halaman 12 dari 16 j } ] | a 3 oe a139. My colleagues were going to watch ... but the 145. The biology books that | have already bought review said that it was a flop. have so many ... as its explanations. A. the frightened movie ‘A appendix B. the movie tightened B. appendices ©. the movie frightening C. appendice D. the frightening movie D. appendixes 140, The quality of water varies not only with local 146... the announcement, he would have . land use but also aricipated in the Balinese painting workshop. ‘A. with the geologic history ofthe earth A ithe knew B_ varias with the geologic history ofthe earth B. Hehed known C. its geoiogic history of the earth Had he known D. it varies with the geologic history of the D. ithe has known earn 141. Dwi... many backhoes before he recsived his 147. In the fim world, professionals are accustomed : ‘special mechanic license, to. a negative info a computer at the highest A. repaired resolutions possibie. B. had repaired A. scan ©. repairing 8 be scanning . D. has repaired C._scanning ©. be scanned 142. My brother ... a video lest night when his best 148. Eline never uses a dictionary when the German fiend called. fprogrems begin, and A. watch A. Laila does either B. was watching BL neither does Latita CC. watched C._ either does Lalita D. had watched D. Laila does not neither 143, by many scientists and researchers (49. While the exact dale cp circles began to roughout the world, robotics is employed in ‘appear is unknown, the documented cases ‘automobile manufacturing, since 1870s, A. Supporting A. increase B. It supported B. have increased C!- Supported C. increased D. Have been supported D. were increasing 448, Yesterday, Amir screamed and ranasifhe... @ 150. The celuliar phone which she bought is... one ghost in the promo. Asa A. cheaper B. had seen BL the cheapest . Chas seen C.cheapest D. was seeing D. the cheaper ERROR RECOGNITION ‘Choose the one word or phrase which would not be appropriate in standard wnttan English 11. Recently, the main element of competition, both on national and intemational level are representing by A B c ‘human sesources. D 152, Alike a carrot, a banana hes a deserved reputation as valuable sources of vitamin A. A BC D 183, The participants proposed some suggestions in the meeting, then the chaiman did the decision. A 8 c D 164, The three msfor employers of career physics are academic institutions, govemmment laboratories, and A B c private industes, D 155. Tigor likes to talk to his dogs, lakes them fora walk tice 2 day, and feeding them expensive dog food. A 8 c D 156. The materials we got from this English course is different withthe materials we learned from schoo! A EB c D USM Program Diploma | dan Diploma lll STAN 2014, 4 teil‘Although she has a song desire to be a singer, Ran’s voice sounds horribly to everyone who hears her A B c . 4158. Original, ice ctoam was alaborsntensive treat made manually by hand. a 8 D 188. The biting manager is inlerviewing tothe job applicants to know ther sis and experience. ~ A 8 c D s 460. We should hinkit out egoin before we make our final decision to lake te projec. AB c D READING COMPREHENSION Read the passage carefuly and select the one correct answer from the four choices (A, B, C, of D}! Reading 1 for questions 161 - 166, tine Mary historical ingusts are able to trace madern complex languages back to earer languages butin ardor tearawer he qaston of how comple: Iangusges se actly fm te researcher nese 6 heevve how languages 8 sued fom scratch, Tend eut how grammar ls read, sorteone reeds 0 Pe poser tthe recta anguege’s ean, documenta fa serene. However, ‘his posse | 5M PSES Tre ofthe nicl Tovar rguages evelved cue (othe Alani slave Wade AT that me, slaves « from a namo of feet elhractes ware force fo wor togttner under colonizers. Since they had ne opporuniy fo leo each ctha’slorguages, they developed a make-anft language ealed pidgin | Prag are stings of words copted fom the language ofthe landowner. They have ite inthe way of Giotnat ord nvnany cases t's aut fora sioner o detice when an event happened, ar ho did 10 hal’ to whom, Speakers feed to use ccumlocuion in oer to make thei Meaning Unde!iood Imerestgly,howere al takes fra pig fo bocoro 2 compos anguage for © sro of leo fe erpones iol uhen they lam tek mother tongue Slave hidron did nt simply cop) the sings of 4 Mores ued by thee, ty adapted ther words fo create a now, expressive language. Complex grammar syeteme which emerge om pdgns are termed ceoes, an thay are vented by ceren. 8 Some Irguits belere fet many mest established lengveges were crcl sft The English post tense. ening ray have vied tom to vefb ‘Uo. endedinayonce have bmertend-a Th, teu eppen het Sven the mest widespread languages wate party cated by eren. Cien appt to have ae gamatea mocha ih ft baie, wisn etrerges when they are fst ning to male Senco ho wold nari Therminds con seve' cee legal, comples sutures, even bon hee 20. feo grammar recent fr then 10 copy (Adapted from various sources - PTT BPPK) 181. The word deduce in line 9 is closest in meaning 164. Paragraph 2 in the passage discusses about 3 ° Aa mre smal language used by Allene A thing sive 8 reect 8. story of lave chidken In Teaming concise language D. reps ._Sisanation of complex language formation D. cifferences between pidcin and creole 462. In order to study the grammar creation of 2 185. The word which in ine 14 refers to language, the linguists have to AC words A. interview the language maker B. systems: B. document the complex form of the language C. pidgins C. record the creation of the language , D. language 1. study the language from the native speaker a 163, How do the slave children improve & pidgin in 166. Its stated in the passage that creole is. order to become a complex language? A. 2 native language created by Atlantic slaves A. They imitate the pidgin then develop a B. a series of words copied from the language 3 completely new language. of the landowner B. They adapt the words to cieale an ©. a complex grammer system that come from pressive and new language. pidgins ©. They study the existing grammar ef the D. a language to communicate among slaves 3 pidgin then correct it of different ethnicities D. They communicate with their parents intensively fo improve the pidgin. | @ USM Program Diploma I dan Diploma ill STAN 2014 Halaman 14 dari 16 2 RRR Re me eed i “ sapebiaaaiiee 4 aing2 for questions 167 -173 une Pneumonia 's an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi. or parasites. It is characterized primafly by inflammation of the alveol in the lungs or by alveoll that are filed with Tlic {alveoli are microscopic ‘sacs in ihe lungs that absor oxygen). AL limes a very senous condition, pneumonia can make a person very sick or even cause death, Although the disease can occur in young 5 and healthy people, it is most dangerous for older acults, babies, and people with other diseases or impaired immune systems. Inthe United States, more than 3 milion people develop pneumonia each year, and about 17% of thase receive treatment in a hospital. Most people with preumonia recover, but about 5% will succumb to the consition. z 0 Pneumonia treatments depend on the type of prieumonia and the severity of symploms. Bacterial pneuinonias are usualy treated vith anlibiclics, whereas viral pneumonias are treated with rest and plenty Df fluids. Fungal pneurionias are ususlly reated with antfungal medications. Over-the-counter medications fre also commonly prescribed to better manage pnaumonia sympioms. These include eatments for reducing fever, reducing aches and pains, and suppressing coughs. In adcition, i is important to get plenty 45 oftest and sleep and drink lots of fuids. - There ae several ways to prevent pneumonia. There are two vaccines that are available to prevent pecumococeal disease (the bacterial infection thal is the most common cause of pneumonia) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneumovax). Prevnar is generally administered as part of the nomal infant immunization procedure and is 20 recommended for chikiren jess than 2 years of age or between two and four years with certain medical Conditions. Preumovex is provided for adults who are al increased risk of developing pneumococcal ppneumoris, auch as the eldery, diabetics, those with chronic heart, lung, or kichey cisease, alcoholics, Smokers, and those without @ spleen. The pneumonia vaccine may not completely prevent older adults from getting pneumonia, but ean radice the severty ofa future pneumonia, (Adapted from various sources - PTT BPPK), 487. What is NOT mentioned in the passage as the 171, Whatis the main idea of the passage above? people who are at increaked risk of developing ‘A. The vaccines of pneumonia pneumonia? B, The symptoms of peur A. Those without @ spleen ©. The description of pneumonia 8. Those with chronic heart D._ The characteristics of peumonia Those without & kidney D. Those with diabetes disease 168. Where in the paragraph which tells about the 172, What would the paragraph following this explanation of pneumococcal cisease? passage likely ciscuss? AD Lined—6 A. Haw the vacclies work in preventing the B. Line 12-14 pneumococcal disease CC. Line 18-18 B. How the severity of @ future pneumonia D Line 19-21 affects older adults ©. How te pneumonia vaccines will be eveloged in the future D. How the people vith certain medical Conditions react toward pneumonia 489. What doos the pronoun these inline 13 eferto? 173. The word succumb in line 8 can best be A. Pneumonia symptoms replaced by B. Antifungai medications AD die Fungal pneumonias B. collapse. D. Overthe-counter medications suffer D. relapse < 170. According te the passage ebove, how many people in the United States receive treatment for their pneumonia disease? A. 180 thousands i B. 500 thousands ©. 25 milione DB. 3'milions Halaman 15 dart 16 USM Program Diploma | dan Diploma Ill STAN 2014, + 2960> Sei ilLine 10 15 20 25 174, 178, 176, 17 Reading for questions 174-180 To many, it may seem thal the lobster’s most natural habitat is on a farge, oval plate between a cup of drawn buttor and a lemon wedge. In fact, only a few of the hundreds of types of lobster are caught Commercially. But those few species are some of the most heavily harvested creatures in the sea, and ‘Generate a mult-illon-dollar industry, with more than 200,000 tons (181,436 metiis tons) of annual global catch, ‘The lobsters that mest people know from thelr dinner plates are the American and European clawed lobsters Homarus americanus and Homarus gammanis. These are cold water species thatlive on tither sides of the northern Atlantic Ocean, There are also tropical lobsters tnal ere widely consumed, but these are generally clawlass varieties called spiny and slipper lobsters. Lobsters are ten-legged crustaceans closely releted to shrimp and crabs. These benlhic, or bottom-