H?i ?p Y h?c: ?ng trng h? th?

o
Thnh gi Lin Hong, California, hi:
Tha Bc s,
Ti xin hi Bc s v cy ng trng h tho. Rt nhiu loi h qung co trn TV, nhng ng trng h tho th thit, loi tt nht, th
c ni l phi c ly t bn Ty Tng, trn ci ni cao hn mt bin 5.000 mt.
Nhng y c nhng b m Vit Nam trng c trong vn nh, v h cng gi l ng trng h tho. Sau 6 thng h thu gt c, th n
cng c nhng ci c c hnh dng ging nh c ngh, nhng n mu trng v khng c con su trong.
Cc b ra sch i, ct, c n dn, v ni rng n ci ny rt b, b cho sc khe, v mnh khng c bnh.
Tha, nh vy c ng khng, n nh vy c tt khng, hay c iu g hi khng?
Xin cm n Bc s."
Bc s H Vn Hin tr li:
M player
ng trng h tho
(Cc tn khc: Ophiocordyceps sinensisghost moth caterpillar complex, Caterpillar Fungus, Caterpillar
Mushroom, Cs-4, Champignon Chenille, Chinese Caterpillar Fungus, Cordyceps sinensis, Dong
Chong Xia Cao, Dong Chong Zia Cao, Hsia Ts'Ao Tung Ch'Ung, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Tochukaso,
Vegetable Caterpillar.)
ng trng h tho, ngha en c ngha l lc ma ng th l con su (caterpillar), lc ma h/ma h th thnh cy c. Tn ch Hn
ny do dch t tn Ty tng c ngha con su ma ng tr thnh cy c lc h sang. Gm hai phn, stroma l phn cy nm, en,
nu; hay ch vng lc cn ti, di 5-10cm mc ra t u con su ; v phn con su b kh "p xc' (mummified), khng phn
hu, gi l endosclerotium.
Theo GS Tt Li, trn thc t, Vit Nam c hai loi thuc ny:
1. ng trng h tho (THT) ca Trung quc, tn khoa hc l Cordyceps sinensis l mt ging nm (fungus ) mc k
sinh trn su non (larva) ca mt loi su thuc h su cnh bm. Nm v su hp sinh vi nhau. Ma ng su nm di t, nm
tiu th cc cht dinh dng t con su. n ma h, su cht, nm mc ln khi mt t, nhng gc vn dnh lin vo u su. Ngi ta o
nguyn nm v xc su cn dnh nhau lm thuc, vo thng 6-7, ra sch, phi kh, phun ru ri phi kh hn, b thnh tng b
10-15 con ri buc si ch ngang ch nm. Phn su di 2,5-3cm (chng 1 inch), thn nm chng 3-6 cm, (ln hn que
dim mt cht) (1-2 inch)(1).
Xut x: rng m t cc tnh T Xuyn (Sichuan), Vn Nam, Ty Khang, Ty Tng.
2. THT ca Vit Nam l mt loi su khc, tn Brihaspa atrostigmella, cng thuc h su Cnh bm (Lepidoptera),
sng trong thn cy cht, l mt loi lau m l dng gi bnh tro. Cy ny tn khoa hc l Thysanoloena maxima O.
Kuntze, h La Poaceae, cn gi l cy t, cy le, cy c. Cy cht cao nh cy bng lau, c ct lm chi vo thng 3-4. Vo
thng 11-12, nhng cy b ct ct thng c su n trong, ngi ta ct thn cy 50-60 cm, em v x ra v c con nhng ca su

Brihaspa, do su trng v cy, nhng n ra chui vo thn cy sng qua ma ng. (Theo wikipedia, con bm [moth]
ny cn c th tm thy India, Nam Trung quc, Bhutan, Bangladesh)
Nhng trng vng, di khong 35mm, c ra sch trong nc mui, rang hay sy cho kh, tm mt ong, sy kh, cui cng
ngm vo ru, vi cc cht bo ni ln nh m g.
Ngun gc: Tht Kh (Lng Sn) hay Ho Bnh.
Cng theo Tt Li: THT c ghi vo ti liu thuc ng y vo gia th k th 18 trong b Bn tho cng mc thp di (1765), l
mt v thuc b, cha thn kinh suy nhc, ho ho lao, b tinh kh, ch au lng, b thn. THT ca Vit Nam, mc d khc,
cng c dng trong nhng mc ch tng t.(1)
ng y cho rng ng trng h tho cn bng hai yu t m v dng v va c thc vt (tho, cy nm) v ng vt (trng). Nn ch
nhng ch nh k trn l theo ngn ng v y l ng y, chng ta khng th hiu nhng t ny theo y l khoa hc ca ty y hin
nay.
Ngoi min Ty Trung Hoa, cc nc vng Himalaya, nh n , Nepal, Bhutan, vng ni, cao t 3000-5000 mt u khai
thc ng trng h tho "th thit" c hi trong thin nhin. Rt t tin do tnh cch sang trng cho ngi dng (status
symbol, tng t nh sm xe Rolls Royce), cng nh hy vng thuc gia tng hoc ci thin kh nng tnh dc
(aphrodisiac, sinh lc v do ngi ta ngh rng thuc c tc dng cha c ung th. Gi THT ang tng nhanh, v nm
2013, 1 kilo gi 125.000-500.000 nhn dn t. Cc con trng ln hn cn t hn na (2).
Cc si nm (khun ty th, hay mycelia) ca Cordyceps sinensis c th c trng trong phng th nghim, v t trch ra
nhng nhng cht c hot tnh, nhng cha c sn xut tm mc cng ngh. C rt nhiu loi Cordyceps ngoi C. sinensis,
phn b theo nhng vng a l khc, nhng d trng hn khai thc cc hot cht tng t.
Gii Ty Y cng nghin cu dc tnh ca cy nm Cordyceps. Hin nay, ngi ta c th trng v sn xut Cordyceps tng t
nh Cordyceps sinensis thin nhin trong phng th nghim (Cordyceps militaris, Cordyceps
guangdongensis and Isaria cicadae).(3)
Theo trang WebMD (4), c ch chnh l Cordyceps kch thch h min nhim ca c th, v c th c kh nng lm teo cc
u ung th nht l ung th phi v da. Danh sch cc bnh dng thuc ny kh di: ho, yu phi, yu thn, ri lon sinh l n
ng (male sexual dysfunction), tiu m, tai, thiu mu, bnh gan, mt mi suy nhc; c v nh l mt thuc "b" , ng ch
l trong mc ch cng dng cho n ng, gia tng mun tnh dc (aphrodisiac) lm cho thuc rt c hm m. C nhng bng
chng cha y cho thy Cordyceps c th lm gim c tnh mt s thuc dng trong ho tr liu v trong vic ghp b phn.
V tng tc gia Cordyceps, nn ch , v n tng cng tnh min nhim ca c th, tc dng h min nhim ca mt s thuc dng
trong ty y c th b nh hng.
Liu lng cha c nh chun, tu bnh, tui tc, tnh trng sc kho tng ngi tu trng hp. Xin nhc li l khng phi v c ngun
gc thin nhin m khng bao gi gy bin chng c hi . Nhng phn ng ph c ghi nhn: bn, snh bng, tt kinh. ng trng
h tho ch c bn nh l mt "health supplement" v FDA khng ph chun vic dng cht ny lm thuc (drug) cha
bnh. Cc sn phm a dng trch t cc nm Cordyceps v lin h vi Cordyceps (Cordyceps-related fungi) c khai
thc k ngh Trung Quc cha c phn loi r rt, kim sot phm cht (quality control) cha c bo m v ngay cc chuyn
gia dc hc vn cn bi ri v vn ny.
Tm li, THT th thit (Cordyceps sinensis) ly t thin nhin vng ni Himalaya rt him v t tin. Phn ln thuc vin
bn trn th trng do nm Cordyceps mc trong mi trng dinh dng trong phng th nghim. THT ca Vit Nam l
mt loi trng trong thn cy cht. Theo kt qu tm hiu, ti khng thy dng ng trng h tho no ging nh cc cy m cc b
ni tr trng nh ( nhng ci c c hnh dng ging nh c ngh, nhng n mu trng v khng c con su trong) theo nh v
thnh gi m t trong cu hi.

Chc qu v thnh gi may mn.

Bc s H Vn Hin
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