B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC KINH T TP.HCM

THY LAN HNG

NH HNG CA VN HA CNG TY
N S CAM KT GN B VI T CHC
CA NHN VIN LM VIC TRONG CC
DOANH NGHIP TP.HCM
Chuyn ngnh:
M s:

Qun Tr Kinh Doanh

60.34.05

LUN VN THC S KINH T

NGI HNG DN KHOA HC

TS. NG THN NGC HUYN

TP. H CH MINH NM 2008

LI CM N
--------***-------Ti c th hon thnh lun vn ny khng ch l cng sc ca ring ti m cn l s
ng gp ca cc thy c, b bn v ng nghip ca ti. V l ,
Li u tin, xin chn thnh cm n s hng dn tn tnh ca C Ng Th Ngc
Huyn trong sut qu trnh thc hin lun vn ny.
Xin chn thnh cm n nhng ngi bn, nhng ng nghip nhit tnh h tr,
gip ti hon thnh lun vn.
Cui cng, xin chn thnh cm n tt c cc thy c ca khoa Qun Tr Kinh Doanh
trng i hc Kinh t TP.HCM truyn t cc bi hc l thuyt cng nh
nhng kinh nghim thc t, nhng phng php nghin cu khoa hc v chnh
l nhng kin thc nn tng gip ti c th hon thnh tt lun vn.
V ti tin rng y s l kinh nghim qu bu gip ti thnh cng trong cng vic
cng nh cng tc nghin cu trong tng lai.

TM TT TI
--------***------- ti lun vn tt nghip nh hng ca vn ha cng ty n s cam kt gn b
vi t chc ca nhn vin lm vic trong cc doanh nghip thnh ph H Ch
Minh c thc hin nhm tm hiu mi quan h gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng
ty v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Nghin cu cng xut
mt m hnh l thuyt biu din mi quan h gia cc kha cnh vn ha vi mc
gn b ca nhn vin c pht trin da trn l thuyt v vn ha cng ty ca
Recardo v Jolly (1997) bao gm tm kha cnh vn ha: Giao tip trong t chc,
o to v Pht trin, Phn thng v S cng nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt
nh, Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, nh hng v K hoch tng
lai, Lm vic nhm, S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr.
Phng php nghin cu c s dng kim nh cc gi thuyt nghin cu l
phng php nh lng vi bng cu hi kho st iu tra ly kin v tp mu c
kch thc n = 202. Thang o c nh gi thng qua phn tch Cronbach alpha v
phn tch nhn t kim tra tin cy v gi tr. Cc gi thuyt nghin cu
c kim nh thng qua phng php phn tch tng quan vi h s Pearson v
hi quy tuyn tnh bi.
Kt qu tm thy ch c nm kha cnh vn ha cng ty nh hng tch cc v c
ngha thng k n mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin l Chp nhn
ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin ( = 0,323); o to v Pht trin ( = 0,180); S
cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr ( = 0,179); nh hng v
K hoch tng lai ( = 0,162); Giao tip trong t chc ( = 0,142). Ngoi ra, cha
gii thch c mi quan h tuyn tnh gia cc kha cnh khc trong m hnh, gm
Phn thng v S cng nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh, Lm vic nhm
v yu t cam kt gn b vi tp d liu phn tch hin ti.
Nghin cu ny gp phn gia tng s hiu bit v tm nh hng ca vn ha cng
ty n mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. V xut cho nhng
nghin cu xa hn trong tng lai.

MC LC
-----***----Li cm n
Tm tt ti
Mc lc
Danh sch cc bng biu v hnh v

CHNG 1.

M U

1.1 C s hnh thnh ti

1.2 Mc tiu nghin cu

1.3 i tng v phm vi nghin cu

1.4 ngha thc tin ca ti

1.5 Cu trc ca lun vn

CHNG 2.

C S L THUYT

2.1 Gii thiu

2.2 Cc quan nim v vn ha cng ty

2.3 Cc quan nim v cam kt gn b vi t chc

2.4 Mi lin h gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc

CHNG 3.

PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

3.1 Thit k nghin cu

12

3.2 Cc ngun thng tin

12

3.2.1 Thng tin s cp

12

3.2.2 Thng tin th cp

12

3.3 Thit k mu Chn mu

12

3.4 Phng php v cng c thu thp thng tin

13

3.4.1 Phng php thu thp d liu

13

3.4.2 Cng c thu thp thng tin

13

3.5 Phng php x l s liu

15

CHNG 4.

KT QU NGHIN CU V THO LUN

4.1 Gii thiu

17

4.2 M t mu

17

4.3 Phn tch v nh gi cng c o lng

19

4.3.1 H s tin cy Cronbach alpha

20

4.3.1.1 Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

20

4.3.1.2 Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

23

4.3.2 Phn tch nhn t

24

4.3.2.1 Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

24

4.3.2.2 Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

26

4.4 Kim nh gi thuyt nghin cu

27

4.4.1 Phn tch tng quan: Mi quan h gia cc bin

27

4.4.2 Phn tch hi quy tuyn tnh bi

29

4.5 Tho lun

CHNG 5.

32

KT LUN V XUT

5.1 Gii thiu

34

5.2 Kt qu chnh

34

5.3 Cc ng gp v kin ngh

35

5.4 Hn ch v xut cho cc nghin cu tip theo trong tng lai

38

TI LIU THAM KHO

CC PH LC THAM KHO
Ph lc 1: Danh mc cc doanh nghip kho st

Ph lc 2: Bng cu hi kho st

ii

Ph lc 3: M t thuc tnh mu

Ph lc 4: Phn tch tin cy Cronbach alpha

vii

Ph lc 5: Phn tch nhn t cc thang o

xii

Ph lc 6: Phn tch mi tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh bi

xvii

DANH SCH CC BNG BIU V HNH V

-----***----Bng 3.1: Tm tt cu trc bng cu hi kho st cho nghin cu chnh thc

14

Bng 4.1: Cc thng tin nhn khNu ca i tng hi p

18

Bng 4.2: H s Cronbach alpha ca thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

21

Bng 4.3: Thng k s lng bin quan st v h s Cronbach alpha ca thang

o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
Bng 4.4: H s Cronbach alpha ca thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

23
24

Bng 4.5: Kim nh KMO v Bartlett - Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty 24

Bng 4.6: Kt qu phn tch nhn t - Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

25

Bng 4.7: Kim nh KMO v Bartlett - Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc 26

Bng 4.8: Kt qu phn tch nhn t - Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

27

Bng 4.9: Cc tng quan gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v s cam kt gn

b vi t chc

28

Bng 4.10:Cc h s xc nh m hnh (M hnh 1)

29

Bng 4.11:Thng k phn tch cc h s hi quy (M hnh 1)

29

Bng 4.12:Cc h s xc nh m hnh (M hnh 2)

30

Bng 4.13:Thng k phn tch cc h s hi quy (M hnh 2)

31

---------Hnh 2.1: M hnh nghin cu mi tng quan gia cc kha cnh vn ha v

s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin

10

Hnh 4.2: Kt qu tng quan tuyn tnh ca cc thnh phn trong m hnh
nghin cu

31

-1-

CHNG 1
M U
1.1 C s hnh thnh ti
Trong nhng nm gn y, khi nim vn ha cng ty ngy cng s dng ph
bin. N c nhc n nh mt tiu ch khi bn v doanh nghip. Trong mt
doanh nghip, c bit l nhng doanh nghip quy m ln, l mt tp hp nhng
con ngi khc nhau v trnh vn ha, trnh chuyn mn, mc nhn thc,
quan h x hi, t tng vn ha, chnh s khc nhau ny to ra mt mi trng
lm vic a dng v phc tp. Bn cnh , vi s cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt
ca nn kinh t th trng v xu hng ton cu ha, hnh thnh yu cu bt
buc cc doanh nghip tn ti v pht trin phi lin tc tm ti nhng ci mi,
sng to v thay i cho ph hp vi thc t. Vy lm th no Doanh nghip tr
thnh ni tp hp, pht huy mi ngun lc con ngi, l ni lm gch ni, ni c
th to ra ng lc tc ng tch cc thc Ny s pht trin ca mi c nhn ngi
lao ng trong tp th vo vic t c cc mc tiu, chin lc ca t chc, gp
phn vo s pht trin bn vng ca doanh nghip. V mt ngha khc cng
khng km phn quan trng chnh l doanh nghip cn phi duy tr c ngun
nhn lc n nh, hn ch ti a vic ri b t chc ca i ng nhn vin c bit
l nhng nhn vin gii, ti nng. iu ny ph hp vi xu th hin nay khi m
chng ta ang thi i th gii phng th vic cnh tranh da vo vn tin t,
khoa hc k thut cng ngh, ti nguyn thin nhin khng cn l cnh tranh nng
lc ct li. Chng ta bc vo thi k cnh tranh bng vn tr thc, bng ti
nguyn con ngi. V vy, c th ni vic cnh tranh bng nhn lc l quan trng
v l nhn t tt yu nh gi nng lc ca mt t chc, doanh nghip no .
Da trn thc t , quan im qun tr hin i cng dn thay i: Con ngi
khng cn n thun ch l mt yu t ca qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh m l mt

-2ngun ti sn qu bu ca t chc, doanh nghip. Cc doanh nghip chuyn t tnh

trng tit kim chi ph lao ng gim gi thnh sang u t vo ngun nhn
lc c li th cnh tranh cao hn, c li nhun cao hn v hiu qu cao hn.
Chnh t quan im xem ngun nhn lc l ti sn nn doanh nghip cn phi xy
dng v duy tr mt vn ha tch cc to ra mi trng lm vic gip cho nhn vin
pht huy ti a cc nng lc c nhn, c kch thch ng vin nhiu nht ti ni
lm vic v trung thnh, tn tm vi doanh nghip.
Trong vi thp k qua, vn ha cng ty l mt ch quan trng trong nghin
cu qun tr v doanh nghip do bi kh nng ca n nh hng n mt lot cc
kt qu mong i c xem xt trn kha cnh t chc v c nhn nh s cam kt,
lng trung thnh, l do ri b t chc v s tha mn cng vic (Chow et al, 2001).
Cng c kin nht tr cho rng vn ha cng ty l mt trit l qun tr v cch
thc qun l ca cc t chc ci thin hiu qu v thc hin cng vic. Cng
trnh nghin cu ca Saeed v Hassan (2000) chng minh rng vn ha cng ty
c kh nng nh hng n t tng, tnh cm, cc hot ng giao tip v thc hin
cng vic trong t chc.
Ngc dng lch s v li nhng nm cui th k 20, mt nc Nht tht bi
nng n sau th chin th hai, ch trong vng cha y na th k tr thnh mt
cng quc kinh t v bnh trng khp th gii vi nhng thng hiu mnh, ni
ting khp ton cu nh Sony, Toyota, Honda,Vy u l nguyn nhn dn n
thnh cng to ln nh vy? Cc nh nghin cu kinh t M sang tn t nc
c mnh danh l mt tri nghin cu v cng ngh, ti chnh, v cui cng
tm ra kt lun: Cc cng ty Nht u tin hng u cho xy dng vn ha doanh
nghip m trng tm l u t vo con ngi, xy dng mt i ng nhn vin
trung thnh tn ty sut i vi s mnh ca doanh nghip (Trch trong bi vit
Vn ha doanh nghip nng lc cnh tranh, 2007).
Thc t hin nay, mt s cng ty nc ngoi hot ng ti Vit Nam nh
Unilever, Pepsi v cc doanh nghip trong lnh vc cng ngh thng tin, ti chnh,
ngn hng, tng i thnh cng trong lnh vc thu ht, s dng v duy tr lc

-3lng nhn vin nht l nhng nhn vin gii ng thi to ra li th cnh tranh v
nhn lc vt tri hn so vi cc cng ty trong nc. C th k ra mt vi nguyn
nhn dn n thnh cng ny, l cc yu t nh khuyn khch s ci tin v sng
to, pht huy nng lc c nhn, nh gi cao tinh thn lm vic nhm, tha nhn
cc ng gp ca nhn vin i vi t chc, to ngun qu cho o to v pht
trin, cng khai r rng k hoch xy dng v pht trin nhn vin ng thi quyt
tm trong vic thc hin mt c ch cng bng, v.v Tt c nhng yu t trn u
khng ngoi mc ch l nhm to ra mi trng lm vic tt nht, thun li, to
nim tin cho nhn vin h gn b v sn sng n lc ht mnh v thnh cng ca
cng ty. Nhng yu t tch cc c duy tr, ci tin lin tc v chia s vi cc
thnh vin trong t chc, t dn hnh thnh nn cc gi tr vn ha tc ng tch
cc n thi , tnh cm ca nhn vin i vi t chc.
Hin nay, cng vi xu th c phn ha v pht trin kinh t t nhn Vit
Nam ni chung v thnh ph H Ch Minh ni ring th vai tr ca vn ha cng ty
ngy cng c xem trng v nh gi cao, nht l theo xu th ngy nay khi s
quan tm ca ngi lao ng trong t chc khng ch gm cc yu t v cng vic,
tin lng, m h cn quan tm n yu t vn ha cng ty c bit l i vi
nhng nhn vin c nng lc, bn lnh, ti gii do bi n cng l mt trong nhng
nhn t nh hng n quyt nh tip tc li hay ri b t chc. Tuy nhin,
Vit Nam cc nghin cu v mc nh hng ca vn ha cng ty n s cam kt
gn b, trung thnh ca ngi lao ng trong t chc hin vn cn trong giai on
s khai. V th, ti mong mun qua nghin cu ny s cung cp thm thng tin cho
cc nh qun tr hiu r hn mi quan h gia vn ha cng ty v s cam kt gn b
vi t chc ca nhn vin, t c th nh hng xy dng vn ha cha ng
nhiu gi tr tch cc nhm to ra mt mi trng lm vic gip ngi lao ng
trong t chc cm thy an tm gn b v cam kt pht trin lu di cng vi doanh
nghip. y chnh l l do hnh thnh ti nh hng ca vn ha cng ty n
s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin lm vic trong cc doanh nghip
thnh ph H Ch Minh.

-41.2 Mc tiu nghin cu

ti c thc hin nhm mc tiu kho st thi cam kt gn b ca cc
nhn vin trong t chc di tc ng ca cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty. t
mc tiu c bn trn, ti hng vo vn : kim nh mi quan h gia cc kha
cnh vn ha cng ty v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
1.3 i tng v phm vi nghin cu
Nghin cu ny c thc hin ti khu vc thnh ph H Ch Minh, l mt
trong nhng trung tm Kinh t Vn ha X hi ln nht Vit Nam, ni tp
trung rt nhiu doanh nghip di nhiu loi hnh s hu v ngnh ngh a dng
cng vi lc lng lao ng ng o.
i tng nghin cu l cc nhn vin hin ang lm vic ton thi gian ti
mt s doanh nghip vi cc ngnh ngh a dng: sn xut, kinh doanh v dch v.
Nghin cu ny c thc hin trong thi gian l ba thng.
V nghin cu ch c thc hin ti thnh ph H Ch Minh nn kt qu
nghin cu khng mang tnh i din cho cc vng min, khu vc khc trong c
nc do bi mi mt vng min c nhng phong tc tp qun v cc quan nim
sng ring bit, mang tnh c th a phng do s cho cc kt qu khc nhau.
Ngoi ra, ch tin hnh kho st i vi nhn vin lm vic ton thi gian trong cc
doanh nghip nn kt qu cng s khng mang tnh i din cho nhng loi i
tng khc trong doanh nghip.
L do ca s gii hn ny l hn ch v ngun lc, gm nhn lc, thi gian v
chi ph buc phi thu nh phm vi nghin cu nhm t c mt kt qu ph hp
v ng tin cy.
1.4 ngha thc tin ca ti
ti c ngha thc tin trong vic nghin cu v tc ng ca vn ha
cng ty ln thi tch cc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin c th hin
qua cc im sau:
-

Kt qu nghin cu gip cho cc nh qun tr thy c mi tng quan

gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v mc gn b vi t chc ca nhn

-5vin. T , cc nh qun tr a ra nh hng pht trin vn ha theo

hng tch cc nhm mc ch gi c nhn vin c bit l nhng nhn
vin gii v h chnh l ti sn, li th cnh tranh ng thi l mt trong
nhng nhn t quan trng quyt nh n s tn ti v pht trin bn vng
ca doanh nghip trong mi trng cnh tranh khc lit v thay i nhanh
chng hin nay.
-

ti ng vai tr nh mt nghin cu khm ph v cung cp bng chng

v nh hng ca vn ha cng ty n thi cam kt gn b vi t chc
ca nhn vin, bn cnh mt lot cc kt qu khc nh s tha mn cng
vic, tha mn ngh nghip, xu hng li hay ri b t chc v nng sut
lm vic ca nhn vin trong t chc.

1.5 Cu trc ca lun vn

Lun vn ny c chia thnh nm chng. Chng mt gii thiu tng quan
v ti nghin cu. Chng hai trnh by cc c s l thuyt v vn ha cng ty,
cam kt gn b vi t chc, mi quan h gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b
vi t chc; t , xy dng m hnh nghin cu v pht trin cc gi thuyt nghin
cu. Chng ba trnh by phng php nghin cu kim nh cc gi thuyt
nghin cu ra. Chng bn trnh by phng php phn tch thng tin v cc
kt qu nghin cu. Cui cng, chng nm tm tt nhng kt qu chnh ca
nghin cu, nhng ng gp, hm ca nghin cu cho cc nh qun tr cng nh
trnh by nhng hn ch ca nghin cu v xut cho cc nghin cu tip theo
trong tng lai.

-6-

CHNG 2
C S L THUYT
2.1 Gii thiu
Chng mt gii thiu s lc v mc tiu v ngha ca nghin cu mi
tng quan gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Mc
ch ca chng ny l trnh by cc vn v l thuyt v nhng nghin cu lin
quan trc y trn th gii. Trn c s , xy dng m hnh nghin cu v pht
trin thnh cc gi thuyt nghin cu. Chng ny gm c ba phn chnh: (1) Cc
quan nim v vn ha cng ty, (2) Cc quan nim v cam kt gn b vi t chc, (3)
Mi lin h gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc.
2.2 Cc quan nim v vn ha cng ty
Trong l thuyt hnh vi t chc, vn ha cng ty thng c nh ngha theo
nhiu cch khc nhau bi nhiu tc gi v cc nh nghin cu khc nhau. Tuy nhin,
c nhiu lp lun cho rng vn ha cng ty c th c xem nh l mt h thng
cc gi tr, cc nim tin v cc khun mu hnh vi ng x m hnh thnh nn cc
c tnh ct li ca cc t chc v gip nh hnh hnh vi ng x ca nhn vin
(Lund, 2003; Pool, 2000). Tc gi Luthans (1992) nh ngha vn ha cng ty bao
gm cc chuNn mc o c, h thng gi tr, nim tin v bu khng kh ti mi
trng lm vic ca cng ty. V theo quan im ca Schein (1992), vn ha l mt
hnh thc ca cc gi thit c bn c pht minh, khm ph, pht trin bi mt
nhm khi h hc cch i ph vi cc vn lin quan n vic thch nghi vi bn
ngoi v hi nhp vi bn trong pht huy tc dng v c coi nh c hiu lc
v do c truyn t cho cc thnh vin mi noi theo. Vn ha t chc c
tha nhn nh l mt quan nim c sc thuyt phc m miu t nhiu kha cnh ca
mt mi trng lm vic (Saeed v Hassan, 2000). Theo hai tc gi Recardo v
Jolly (1997), khi ni n vn ha cng ty, ngi ta thng ni v h thng cc gi

-7tr v nim tin m c hiu v chia s bi cc thnh vin trong mt t chc. Mt

nn vn ha gip nh hnh v xc nh cc hnh vi ng x ca cc thnh vin v
cc chnh sch trong t chc. Vn ha cng ty c o lng da trn tm kha
cnh, c th nh sau:
a. Giao tip: s lng v cc hnh thc giao tip, cc thng tin g c giao
tip v bng cch no, c phi h thng giao tip m.
b. o to v Pht trin: Cam kt ca cc nh qun tr cung cp cc c hi
pht trin v t chc cho php cc k nng mi ng dng vo cng
vic. Bn cnh , cc nh qun tr cung cp cc chng trnh o to cho
nhu cu pht trin hin ti hay tng lai ca nhn vin.
c. Phn thng v S cng nhn: Cc hnh vi no th c thng v cc
hnh thc thng c s dng, cc nhn vin c thng theo c nhn
hay theo nhm, nhng tiu chuNn thng chc, v mc m t chc
cung cp phn hi v mc hon thnh cng vic.
d. Ra quyt nh: Ra quyt nh lin quan n cc cu hi nh cc quyt
nh c to ra nh th no v cc mu thun c gii quyt ra sao. Cc
quyt nh nhanh hay chm. T chc c mang tnh ng cp cao. V vic
ra quyt nh l tp trung hay phn quyn.
e. Chp nhn ri ro: S sng to v ci tin c nh gi cao v tng
thng, chp nhn ri ro c khuyn khch, c s rng m vi cc
tng mi. Mi ngi b trng pht hay c khuyn khch th
nghim cc tng mi.
f.

nh hng K hoch: Hoch nh di hn hay ngn hn, v nh hng

k hoch tng lai; cc tm nhn, chin lc, mc tiu no c chia s
vi nhn vin. Nhn vin cam kt cp no t chin lc ca
doanh nghip v cc mc tiu khc ca t chc.

g. Lm vic nhm: Kha cnh ny lin quan n cc vn l tm quan

trng, hnh thc, v s hiu qu ca lm vic nhm trong t chc. N bao
gm, tm quan trng ca s hp tc gia cc phng ban khc nhau, s tin

-8tng gia cc b phn chc nng hay cc n v khc nhau, v mc

h tr i vi qu trnh thc hin cng vic.
h. Cc chnh sch qun tr: Kha cnh ny o lng s cng bng v nht
qun vi cc chnh sch c thc thi, s nh hng ca phong cch qun
tr i vi nhn vin, mc nh qun tr cung cp mt mi trng lm
vic an ton.
Nhn chung, vn ha l su, rng v phc tp (Schein, 1992) v c th hiu
rng vn ha cng ty chnh l nn tng cho cc hnh vi v hot ng ca mi c
nhn trong t chc, l sn phNm v ti sn ca mi doanh nghip.
2.3 Cc quan nim v cam kt gn b vi t chc
Quan nim v cam kt gn b vi t chc v s nh hng ca n n cc kt
qu ca t chc c gii thiu bi nhiu nh nghin cu hnh vi t chc trn th
gii. Allen v Meyer (1990) nh ngha cam kt gn b vi t chc l mt trng
thi tm l m biu th mi quan h ca nhn vin vi t chc, lin h mt thit n
quyt nh duy tr l thnh vin trong t chc. Mt li ha ca c nhn vi t
chc bao gm thc v cam kt vi cng vic, lng trung thnh v nim tin vo cc
gi tr ca t chc (OReilly, 1986). V theo quan im ca Mowday, Steers, &
Porter (1979), cam kt gn b vi t chc c nh ngha l sc mnh ca s ng
nht (identification) ca c nhn vi t chc v s tham gia tch cc (involvement)
trong t chc; nhng nhn vin m by t mc cao s cam kt gn b vi t
chc s hi lng hn vi cng vic ca h, s rt t ln ri b cng vic v t khi ri
khi t chc. Nhng nhn vin c s cam kt gn b mnh m vi t chc tip
tc cng vic trong t chc bi v h mun lm nh vy (Ghani et al., 2004).
Nghin cu ca Rajendran Muthuveloo v Raduan Che Rose (2005) tm thy kt
qu ch ra rng cam kt gn b vi t chc nh hng quan trng n cc kt qu
ca t chc. Cam kt gn b vi t chc cng cao dn n s trung thnh cng cao,
gim cng thng do cng vic v khuynh hng ri b t chc thp hn. Vy, cam
kt gn b l mt thi trung thnh, nim tin ca nhn vin vi doanh nghip.
c th t c s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin, cc nh qun tr cn

-9xy dng, thit lp mi quan h tch cc gia nhn vin v doanh nghip ng thi
ng vin khuyn khch nhn vin coi trng lng trung thnh, tn ty vi doanh
nghip. Nhn vin cng nh gi cao vic tr thnh l mt phn ca t chc v t
ho l thnh vin trong t chc, th h cng chc chn li pht trin lu di cng
vi t chc.
2.4 Mi lin h gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc
Trong cc cng trnh nghin cu trc y, c mt nhn thc chung l xem
xt c tnh ca cc gi tr vn ha cng ty v nhng hnh ng m ng gp vo
s pht trin ca doanh nghip xut sc. Cc gi tr vn ha tch cc phn nh
mt hnh nh tt p ca doanh nghip v mi trng lm vic hp dn vi mc
ch duy tr ngun nhn lc nht l nhng nhn vin gii, ti nng v vn ha cng
l mt trong nhng yu t nh hng n khuynh hng ri b t chc ca nhn
vin; ng thi thu ht lc lng lao ng c bit l nhng ngi c nng lc,
nhng nhn ti bn ngoi do bi ngi lao ng bn cnh vic xem xt cc yu t
nh lng bng, tnh cht cng vic, th h ngy cng quan tm n yu t vn
ha trc khi bt u gia nhp mt t chc mi. Vn ha t chc tch cc s lm
gia tng s cam kt v hp tc ca i ng nhn vin, kt qu l s hiu qu ca t
chc c nng cao, s nht tr quan tm cao n cc nh hng chin lc, nng
sut lao ng tng, vic ra quyt nh tt hn, s cam kt gn b cao mi cp bc
nhn vin (Thompson & Luthans, 1990) v to ra li th cnh tranh ca t chc
(Saeed v Hassan, 2000). Nghin cu ca Shinichi Hirota v cc ng s (2007)
nhn nh rng vn ha v cc gi tr ca n gia tng mc hon thnh ca cc
cng ty Nht v h t c li th cnh tranh nh pht trin vn ha. Theo mt
cuc iu tra nghin cu v cng c v xu hng qun tr nm 2007 ca Bain &
Company mt cng ty ca M hot ng trong lnh vc t vn doanh nghip ton
cu th c trn 90% trong tng s hn 1200 cc nh qun tr iu hnh quc t n
t cc quc gia Nam M, Chu Thi Bnh Dng, Chu u, M v Canada
ng rng vn ha l chin lc quan trng cho s thnh cng ca doanh nghip.
Recardo v Jolly (1997) xc nh tm kha cnh trong vn ha cng ty ph hp

- 10 vi c tnh u t ca doanh nghip, bao gm: (1) Giao tip trong t chc, (2) o
to v Pht trin, (3) Phn thng v S cng nhn, (4) Hiu qu trong vic ra
quyt nh, (5) Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, (6) nh hng v K
hoch tng lai, (7) Lm vic nhm, (8) S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh
sch qun tr. Nghin cu ny c thc hin da trn tm kha cnh ca vn ha
cng ty c pht trin bi hai nh nghin cu Recardo v Jolly (1997) v c m
hnh ha di dng sau:
Giao tip trong t chc

o to v Pht trin

Phn thng v S cng nhn

Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh

Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin

S cam kt
gn b vi
t chc ca
nhn vin

nh hng v K hoch tng lai

Lm vic nhm

S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh

sch qun tr
Hnh 2.1 : M hnh nghin cu mi tng quan gia cc kha cnh vn ha v s
cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin

- 11 Nghin cu ny thc hin kim nh mi quan h gia cc kha cnh vn ha

cng ty v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Vi m hnh nghin
cu c xy dng nh trn, cc gi thuyt c xy dng khi tin hnh nghin
cu nh sau:
H1: Giao tip trong t chc nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn b vi t
chc ca nhn vin.
H2: o to v Pht trin nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn b vi t
chc ca nhn vin.
H3: Phn thng v S cng nhn nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn b
vi t chc ca nhn vin.
H4: Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn
b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
H5: Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin nh hng tch cc n s
cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
H6: nh hng v K hoch tng lai nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn
b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
H7: Lm vic nhm nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca
nhn vin.
H8: S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr nh hng tch
cc n s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin.

- 12 -

CHNG 3
PHNG PHP NGHIN CU
Chng hai trnh by l thuyt v cc nghin cu trc y ca cc tc gi
c lin quan thuc lnh vc vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn
vin ng thi xy dng m hnh nghin cu v pht trin cc gi thuyt. Chng
ba s trnh by cc vn lin quan n phng php nghin cu, thang o kim
nh cc gi thuyt ra. Chng ny gm cc phn nh sau: (1) Thit k nghin
cu, (2) Cc ngun thng tin, (3) Thit k mu chn mu, (4) Phng php v
cng c thu thp thng tin, (5) Phng php x l s liu.
3.1 Thit k nghin cu
Nh trnh by phn trc, nghin cu thc hin vi mc tiu kim nh cc
gi thuyt v mc nh hng ca cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty ln s cam kt
gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Vi mc tiu nghin cu trn, nghin cu nh
lng c thc hin thng qua phng php iu tra chn mu l cc nhn vin
lm vic ton thi gian ti cc doanh nghip. D liu trong nghin cu ny c
dng kim nh cc gi thuyt trong m hnh. Nghin cu c thc hin ti
thnh ph H Ch Minh vo thng 07 nm 2008.
3.2 Cc ngun thng tin
3.2.1

Thng tin s cp
Thc hin vic iu tra ly kin ca cc nhn vin lin quan n cc kha

cnh vn ha trong cng ty v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc.

3.2.2

Thng tin th cp
Thng tin th cp l ngun thng tin tham kho lin quan n cc ch v

vn ha cng ty; hnh vi t chc ca cc nh nghin cu, hc gi trn th gii v

ch yu c thu thp thng qua phng tin Internet.
3.3 Thit k mu Chn mu
Tng th: i tng tham gia trong nghin cu ny l cc nhn vin vi nhiu

- 13 cng vic, v tr khc nhau v hin ang lm vic ton thi gian ti cc doanh
nghip, gm cc cng ty c phn, cng ty trch nhim hu hn v doanh nghip t
nhn thnh ph H Ch Minh. Cc nhn vin lm hp ng t do hay bn thi
gian u b loi tr khi i tng iu tra.
Kch thc mu: tin cy ca thng tin s ph thuc vo kch thc mu
c chn, khi tng kch thc mu th tin cy ca thng tin tng nhng tng
thm thi gian, ngun lc v chi ph ln. Nu c mu nh th c li v chi ph, thi
gian thc hin nhng thng tin c tin cy km.
Kch thc mu trong nghin cu ny d tnh l 200. Hin nay theo nhiu nh
nghin cu vn kch thc mu l bao nhiu, nh th no l ln vn cha
c xc nh r rng. Hn na, kch thc mu cn ty thuc vo cc phng
php c lng s dng trong nghin cu c th. Theo kinh nghim, c nh nghin
cu cho rng kch thc mu ti hn phi l 200 (Hoelter, 1983) nn nghin cu
ny chn kch thc mu theo tiu chuNn l n = 200.
t c c mu n = 200, 250 bng cu hi c gi i kho st iu
tra ly kin.
Cch thc chn mu: phi xc sut v thun tin, bng cu hi c gi n
cc i tng l nhn vin ang lm vic trong cc doanh nghip ti TP.HCM.
Danh mc cc doanh nghip tin hnh kho st c lit k chi tit ti Ph lc 1.
3.4 Phng php v cng c thu thp thng tin
3.4.1

Phng php thu thp d liu

Thng tin d liu c thu thp thng qua vic iu tra kho st da trn bng

cu hi c thit k sn gi trc tip, qua a ch mail hoc nh bn b, ng

nghip gi n cc c nhn l nhn vin ang lm vic ti cc doanh nghip thnh
ph H Ch Minh.
3.4.2

Cng c thu thp thng tin

Cng c thu thp thng tin l bng cu hi dng thm d ly kin ca cc

i tng, trong :

- 14 Dng cu hi l cu hi cu trc (ng) vi cc loi cu hi v cu tr li

lit k sn v ngi tr li ch vic chn, bao gm: cu hi hai tr li, chn mt;
cu hi nhiu tr li, mt la chn; nh gi theo thang im cho trc.
V ni dung bng cu hi bao gm ba phn chnh (Ph lc 2)
Phn th 1: Thit k thu thp nhng thng tin lin quan n kin ca
nhn vin v cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty.
Phn th 2: Thit k thu thp nhng thng tin lin quan n kin ca
nhn vin v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc.
Phn th 3: Thit k thu thp thng tin m t i tng tham gia tr li v
gn lc i tng.
Bng 3.1 : Tm tt cu trc bng cu hi kho st cho nghin cu chnh thc
Thnh phn

Bin

Thang o

Thng tin kin ca + Giao tip trong t chc

nhn vin v cc kha + o to v Pht trin
cnh vn ha cng ty

+ Phn thng v S cng nhn

Likert nm

+ Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh

khong cch

+ Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v

ci tin
+ nh hng v K hoch tng lai
+ Lm vic nhm

t 1=Rt
khng ng
n 5=Rt
ng

+ S cng bng v nht qun trong cc

chnh sch qun tr
Thng tin kin ca + N lc v thnh cng ca t chc

Likert nm

nhn vin v mc + Trung thnh

khong cch

cam kt gn b vi t + Duy tr lm vic trong t chc

chc

+ Vui mng chn t chc lm vic

+ T ho l thnh vin
+ Quan tm n s phn t chc

t 1=Rt
khng ng
n 5=Rt
ng

- 15 -

Thng tin c nhn ca + Lm vic ton thi gian ti TP.HCM

nh danh

cc i tng hi p

+ Gii tnh

nh danh

+ Tui

Khong cch

+ Trnh

nh danh

+ C quan cng tc

nh danh

+ V tr cng tc

nh danh

+ Kinh nghim lm vic

Khong cch

Cc giai on thit k bng cu hi

Bng cu hi c thit k v kim nghim qua mt s giai on nhm m
bo nhng thng tin cn thit thu thp ng tin cy phc v cho qu trnh phn tch
d liu.
Giai on 1: Xy dng bng cu hi th da trn nn tng cc thng tin cn
thu thp trong m hnh l thuyt v cc nghin cu trc c lin quan.
Giai on 2: nh gi ni dung bng cu hi bng cch kim tra mc hiu
cc cu hi, vic nh gi c thc hin bng cch gi trc tip cho nhng ng
nghip quen bit xem mc hiu v tr li.
Giai on 3: Hiu chnh li ni dung cc cu hi v hon tt bng cu hi kho
st, sau tin hnh gi trc tip v qua a ch mail thu thp thng tin.
Cc cu hi o lng cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty c pht trin da trn
cu hi kho st ca nhng nghin cu trc y lin quan n lnh vc vn ha.
Cc cu hi o lng mc cam kt gn b vi t chc c thit k da
trn cu hi kho st ca cc nghin cu lin quan n lnh vc cam kt trc .
3.5 Phng php x l s liu
Chng trnh vi tnh thng k c s dng phn tch kt qu cc cu hi
d liu thu thp l phn mm SPSS dnh cho Windows phin bn 11.5.
Vi tp d liu thu v, sau khi hon tt vic gn lc, kim tra, m ha, nhp
liu v lm sch d liu, mt s phng php phn tch s c s dng trong
nghin cu, c th nh sau:

- 16 a. Phn tch m t
Phn tch ny l phn tch thng k tn s m t cc thuc tnh ca nhm
mu kho st nh: gii tnh, tui, trnh hc vn, kinh nghim lm vic, ni
cng tc.
b. nh gi tin cy ca thang o
S dng Cronbach alpha kim tra tin cy (reliability) cc tham s c
lng trong tp d liu theo tng nhm yu t trong m hnh. Nhng bin khng
m bo tin cy s b loi khi tp d liu.
c. Phn tch nhn t (Factor analysis)
Sau khi loi cc bin khng m bo tin cy, gi tr (validity) c xem
xt n thng qua phn tch EFA, kim nh KMO v Bartlett. Phn tch nhn t
c s dng thu gn cc tham s c lng, nhn din cc nhn t v chuNn b
cho cc phn tch tip theo.
d. Phn tch mi quan h :
kim nh mi quan h gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v s cam kt
gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin trong m hnh nghin cu, s dng phng php
tng quan vi h s tng quan Pearson correlation coefficient, c k hiu
bi ch r. Gi tr trong khong -1 r +1.
Nu r > 0 th hin tng quan ng bin. Ngc li, r < 0 th hin tng quan
nghch bin. Gi tr r = 0 ch ra rng hai bin khng c mi lin h tuyn tnh.
r 1 : quan h gia hai bin cng cht
r 0 : quan h gia hai bin cng yu
Mc ngha sig ca h s tng quan, c th nh sau:
 < 5% : mi tng quan kh cht ch
 < 1% : mi tng quan rt cht ch
Bc k tip, s dng phng php hi quy tuyn tnh bi xc nh mc
ngha v mi tng quan tuyn tnh ca cc bin trong m hnh.

- 17 -

CHNG 4
KT QU NGHIN CU V THO LUN
4.1 Gii thiu
Chng ba trnh by phng php thc hin nghin cu v thit k bng
cu hi kho st. Mc ch ca chng ny l trnh by cc kt qu nghin cu thu
c thng qua cc phn tch v kim nghim m hnh nghin cu. Ni dung
chng ny gm ba phn chnh: (1) M t mu thu c v t l hi p c trnh
by u tin, (2) tip theo l phn tch nh gi cng c o lng, v (3) cui cng
l kt qu kim nh gi thuyt nghin cu.
4.2 M t mu
Theo k hoch ly mu chng phng php nghin cu, c mu cn thu v
l 200 mu vi tng s bng cu hi pht ra l 250 tng ng vi t l hi p d
kin l 80%. Thc t, vi 250 bng cu hi pht ra thu v c 229 mu tng
ng vi t l hi p l 91,6%. Trong s 229 mu thu v c 27 mu khng hp l
do khng thuc i tng kho st, thiu thng tin; kt qu l c 202 mu hp l
c s dng lm d liu cho nghin cu.
i tng mu thu thp l cc nhn vin lm vic ton thi gian ti cc doanh
nghip thnh ph H Ch Minh, trong bao gm 117 ngi lm vic trong cc
cng ty c phn (chim t l 57,9%); 58 ngi lm vic trong cc cng ty trch
nhim hu hn (28,7%) v 27 ngi lm vic trong cc doanh nghip t nhn
(13,4%) (Ph lc 3.1).
Bng 4.1 c trnh by di y s m t nhng thng tin nhn khNu ca cc
i tng tr li lin quan n nghin cu da trn thng k tn sut v phn trm
c gi tr. Cc bin nhn khNu s dng trong nghin cu l (a) gii tnh, (b) tui,
(c) trnh hc vn, v (d) kinh nghim lm vic (Chi tit ti Ph lc 3.2).

- 18 Bng 4.1 : Cc thng tin nhn khNu ca i tng hi p

Loi thng tin nhn kh9u

Tn sut

% c gi tr

Nam

105

52

52

97

48

48

26

86

42,6

42,6

27 30

80

39,6

39,6

31 35

28

13,9

13,9

36 40

4,0

4,0

PTHH

11

5,4

5,4

Trung cp

49

24,3

24,3

Cao ng

46

22,8

22,8

i hc

96

47,5

47,5

Trn i hc

1 nm

25

12,4

12,4

> 1 2 nm

59

29,2

29,2

> 2 5 nm

88

43,6

43,6

> 5 10 nm

26

12,9

12,9

> 10 nm

2,0

2,0

Gii tnh

tui

Trnh hc vn

Kinh nghim lm vic

Ghi ch : N = 202

- 19 Nh bng 4.1 trnh by trn, s phn b mu theo gii tnh vi 202 i

tng hi p c t l tng ng 52% l nam v 48% l n. Cc i tng tr li
cn kh tr phn ln l tui di 26 (chim t l 42,6%); k n l tui t
27 n 30 chim t l 39,6%. Cn cc tui khc chim t l khng cao. V cc
i tng kho st c trnh hc vn kh cao, a phn tt nghip i hc tng
ng vi t l l 47,5%; cao ng l 22,8%; trung cp l 24,3% v ch c 5,4% l tt
nghip PTTH. Xem xt n yu t kinh nghim lm vic vi t l 43,6% nhn vin
lm vic t trn 2 nm n 5 nm; 29,2% lm vic t trn 1 nm n 2 nm; 12,9%
lm vic t trn 5 nm n 10 nm; 12,4% lm vic di 1 nm; v lm vic trn 10
nm ch c 4 i tng, chim mt t l rt nh 2%.
4.3 Phn tch nh gi cng c o lng
Theo nh m hnh nghin cu, vn ha cng ty c xc nh theo tm kha
cnh v c o lng c th nh sau: (1) Giao tip trong t chc c o lng
bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t COMMU1 n COMMU4; (2) o to v Pht
trin c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t TRAIN1 n TRAIN4; (3)
Phn thng v S cng nhn c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t
REWARD1 n REWARD4; (4) Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh c o lng
bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t DEC1 n DEC4; (5) Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng
to v ci tin c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t RISK1 n RISK4;
(6) nh hng v K hoch tng lai c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu
t PLAN1 n PLAN4; (7) Lm vic nhm c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k
hiu t TEAM1 n TEAM4; v (8) S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh
sch qun tr c o lng bng 4 bin quan st, k hiu t FAIR1 n FAIR4. V
S cam kt gn b vi t chc c o lng bng 6 bin quan st, k hiu t
COMMIT1 n COMMIT6.
S dng Cronbach Alpha kim tra tin cy (reliability) ca cc bin quan
st (cc mc hi) trong tp d liu theo tng nhm yu t trong m hnh vi mc
ch tm ra h s tng quan gia cc bin v h s tng quan gia tng im v
cc bin cho mt tp hp cc bin quan st, ch gi li cc bin c s tng quan

- 20 mnh vi tng im ng thi loi b cc bin khng m bo tin cy trong

thang o v thang o c chp nhn khi c tin cy alpha t 0,6 tr ln (Hong
Trng v Chu Nguyn Mng Ngc, 2005).
Sau khi loi cc bin khng m bo tin cy, tip theo thc hin phn tch
nhn t. Phng php trch h s s dng l phng php trch nhn t vi php
quay Varimax v im dng khi trch cc yu t c eigenvalue l 1. Thang o c
chp nhn khi tng phng sai trch bng hoc ln hn 50% (Gerbing & Anderson,
1988).
4.3.1

H s tin cy Cronbach alpha

4.3.1.1 Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

Kt qu phn tch Cronbach alpha cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty c trnh
by bng 4.2 vi cc kt qu c th nh sau: (Xem chi tit ti Ph lc 4.1)
i.

Kha cnh Giao tip trong t chc c Cronbach alpha khng cao (0,64);
cc bin quan st COMMU1, COMMU2, COMMU4 c h s tng quan
bin tng u trn 0,4; ngoi tr bin COMMU3 c tng quan rt yu
vi bin tng (0,29) v khi loi bin ny ra khi thang o th h s alpha
ca thang o c ci thin tng ln t mc 0,65. V th, bin COMMU3
khng m bo tin cy s b loi khi thang o.

ii.

Kha cnh o to v Pht trin c Cronbach alpha rt cao (0,86); cc

bin quan st trong thnh phn ny c h s tng quan bin tng cao u
ln hn 0,6. V th, y l thang o lng tt.

iii. Kha cnh Phn thng v S cng nhn c Cronbach alpha l 0,75; cc
bin quan st trong thnh phn c h s tng quan bin tng u ln hn
0,4 nn thang o ny chp nhn c.
iv. Kha cnh Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh c Cronbach alpha l 0,72;
cc bin quan st trong thnh phn c h s tng quan bin tng t 0,47
n 0,53; v vy, thang o c chp nhn.
v.

Kha cnh Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin c Cronbach

alpha l 0,75; cc bin quan st RISK1, RISK2, RISK3 c h s tng

- 21 quan bin tng u ln hn 0,5; tr bin RISK4 c h s 0,36 thp hn

nhiu so vi cc bin khc trong tng th v khi loi bin ny ra khi
thang o th h s alpha ca thang o tng ln t mc 0,79. Vy, bin
RISK4 s b loi khi thang o.
vi. Kha cnh nh hng v K hoch tng lai c Cronbach alpha l 0,78;
cc bin quan st trong thnh phn c h s tng quan bin tng cao u
ln hn 0,5; do , thang o c chp nhn.
vii. Kha cnh Lm vic nhm c Cronbach alpha l 0,74; cc bin quan st
trong thnh phn c h s tng quan bin tng t 0,48 n 0,59; v th,
thang o c chp nhn.
viii. Kha cnh S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr c
Cronbach alpha rt cao (0,86) v cc bin quan st trong thnh phn c h
s tng quan bin tng cao u ln hn 0,5. Qua , c th kt lun y
l thang o lng tt.
Bng 4.2 : H s Cronbach alpha ca thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
(N = 202)
Bin quan st

Trung bnh
thang o nu
loi bin

Giao tip trong t chc

COMMU1
11,0347
COMMU2
11,0396
COMMU3
10,8911
COMMU4
11,0842
Alpha = ,6425
o to v Pht trin
TRAIN1
9,7277
TRAIN2
9,7178
TRAIN3
9,9802
TRAIN4
9,9455
Alpha = ,8698

Phng sai
thang o nu
loi bin

Tng quan
bin tng

Alpha nu
loi bin

2,7500
3,7497
4,0677
3,4605

,5403
,4793
,4079
,5848
,2985
,6507
,4601
,5476
N of Items = 4

6,1295
6,3230
6,8653
6,9373

,7689
,8144
,7459
,8240
,6820
,8493
,6971
,8439
N of Items = 4

- 22 Bin quan st

Trung bnh
thang o nu
loi bin

Phng sai
thang o nu
loi bin

Tng quan
bin tng

Alpha nu
loi bin

Phn thng v S cng nhn

REWARD1
9,8020
5,6422
,4662
,7392
REWARD2
10,0545
4,5493
,6289
,6504
REWARD3
10,3218
4,1994
,6385
,6422
REWARD4
10,1436
4,8698
,4828
,7343
Alpha = ,7531
N of Items = 4
Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh
DEC1
9,5198
5,2160
,5326
,6603
DEC2
9,9455
5,0269
,5319
,6598
DEC3
9,6040
5,3847
,4770
,6912
DEC4
9,5297
4,8971
,5330
,6595
Alpha = ,7285
N of Items = 4
Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin
RISK1
10,4455
4,4970
,5671
,6899
RISK2
10,2129
4,4171
,6405
,6490
RISK3
10,2970
4,3292
,6547
,6399
RISK4
10,1980
5,3636
,3635
,7935
Alpha = ,7554
N of Items = 4
nh hng v K hoch tng lai
PLAN1
10,0446
4,1224
,6094
,7274
PLAN2
10,3515
3,7614
,5951
,7342
PLAN3
10,2921
3,9491
,5904
,7350
PLAN4
10,3762
4,0368
,5829
,7388
Alpha = ,7861
N of Items = 4
Lm vic nhm
TEAM1
10,7129
4,4246
,4815
,7224
TEAM2
10,8416
3,7360
,5790
,6651
TEAM3
11,3020
3,4755
,5313
,6943
TEAM4
11,1931
3,2511
,5954
,6544
Alpha = ,7450
N of Items = 4
S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr
FAIR1
9,2822
5,9747
,7529
,8129
FAIR2
9,2426
5,8165
,7626
,8084
FAIR3
9,3564
5,9121
,7670
,8070
FAIR4
9,0842
6,6247
,5843
,8791
Alpha = ,8656
N of Items = 4

- 23 Kt qu sau khi phn tch h s Cronbach alpha v loi b cc bin khng m

bo tin cy, thang o vn ha cng ty c o lng bng 30 bin quan st cho
tm kha cnh vn ha (so vi ban u l 32 bin cho tm kha cnh). S lng bin
quan st v h s alpha ca cc kha cnh o lng vn ha cng ty sau khi loi
b cc bin khng ph hp c m t trong bng 4.3 di y:
Bng 4.3: Thng k s lng bin quan st v h s Cronbach alpha ca thang
o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
Cc kha cnh vn ha

S bin quan st
Ban u
Sau

Cronbach alpha
Ban u
Sau

1. Giao tip trong t chc

0,64

0,65

2. o to v Pht trin
3. Phn thng v
S cng nhn
4. Hiu qu trong vic ra
quyt nh
5. Chp nhn ri ro do bi
sng to v ci tin
6. nh hng v K
hoch tng lai
7. Lm vic nhm
8. S cng bng v nht
qun trong cc chnh
sch qun tr

0,86

0,86

0,75

0,75

0,72

0,72

0,75

0,79

0,78

0,78

0,74

0,74

0,86

0,86

Ghi ch
Loi bin
COMMU3

Loi bin
RISK4

Kt lun, Cronbach alpha ca cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty sp xp t 0,65

n 0,86; tin cy t mc cho php (> 0,6) v thang o p ng tiu chuNn s
dng cho nghin cu.
4.3.1.2 Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc
H s Cronbach alpha ca thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc t mc gi
tr 0,88; cc h s tng quan bin tng ca cc bin quan st trong thang o ny
tng i cao t 0,57 n 0,81; t cho thy cc bin quan st c tin cy cao.
ng thi, thang o ny c h s alpha ln hn 0,8 nn c th kt lun thang o
lng ny l rt tt (Xem bng 4.4) (Chi tit ti Ph lc 4.2).

- 24 Bng 4.4: H s Cronbach alpha ca thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

(N = 202)
Bin quan st
COMMIT1
COMMIT2
COMMIT3
COMMIT4
COMMIT5
COMMIT6
Alpha = ,8812
4.3.2

Trung bnh
thang o nu
loi bin
17,5891
17,8515
18,2079
18,1535
18,1733
17,9950

Phng sai
thang o nu
loi bin
14,4721
13,5500
13,4391
12,4888
12,3430
12,5423

Tng quan
bin tng

Alpha nu
loi bin

,6188
,8727
,6938
,8606
,5750
,8811
,8181
,8391
,8089
,8400
,6658
,8670
N of Items = 6

Phn tch nhn t

Phn tch nhn t vi php quay Varimax c thc hin nhm nhn din cc

nhn t cho phn tch tip theo.

4.3.2.1 Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
Sau khi kim tra mc tin cy bng phn tch Cronbach alpha, thang o cc
kha cnh vn ha cng ty c o lng bng 30 bin quan st cho tm thnh phn
ca thang o. Phn tch nhn t c s dng nh gi mc hi t ca cc
bin quan st theo cc thnh phn.
Vi gi thuyt Ho t ra trong phn tch ny l gia 30 bin quan st trong
tng th khng c mi tng quan vi nhau. Kim nh KMO v Bartletts trong
phn tch factor cho thy gi thuyt ny b bc b (sig = 0,000); h s KMO l
0,907 (>0,5). Kt qu ny ch ra rng cc bin quan st trong tng th c mi tng
quan vi nhau v phn tch nhn t (EFA) l thch hp (Bng 4.5).
Bng 4.5: Kim nh KMO v Bartlett Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling
Adequacy.
Bartlett's Test of
Sphericity

Approx. Chi-Square
df
Sig.

,907
3134,593
435
,000

- 25 Kt qu phn tch EFA cho thy ti mc gi tr Eigenvalue = 1 vi phng

php trch nhn t principal component, php quay Varimax cho php trch c 8
nhn t t 30 bin quan st v phng sai trch c l 65,343%. Nh vy l
phng sai trch t yu cu (>50%) (Bng 4.6) (Xem chi tit ti Ph lc 5.1).
Bng 4.6: Kt qu phn tch nhn t Thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
Bin nghin cu
Giao tip trong t chc
o to v Pht trin

Phn thng v S cng nhn

Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt

nh
Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng
to v ci tin
nh hng v K hoch
tng lai
Lm vic nhm

S cng bng v nht qun

trong cc chnh sch qun tr

Eigenvalues
Percentage of Variance Explained
(% Phng sai trch)

Bin quan st































COMMU1
COMMU2
COMMU4
TRAIN1
TRAIN2
TRAIN3
TRAIN4
REWARD1
REWARD2
REWARD3
REWARD4
DEC1
DEC2
DEC3
DEC4
RISK1
RISK2
RISK3
PLAN1
PLAN2
PLAN3
PLAN4
TEAM1
TEAM2
TEAM3
TEAM4
FAIR1
FAIR2
FAIR3
FAIR4

H s ti
nhn t
,838
,749
,713
,877
,862
,821
,831
,691
,822
,824
,692
,756
,756
,704
,754
,829
,825
,871
,792
,783
,778
,772
,718
,803
,724
,779
,873
,880
,879
,742

S lng
bin
3
4

3
4

6,493
65,343

- 26 T kt qu phn tch nhn t ca thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty nu

trn, tm nhn t hnh thnh c nh danh nh sau: Giao tip trong t chc (3
bin quan st); o to v Pht trin (4 bin quan st); Phn thng v S cng
nhn (4 bin quan st); Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh (4 bin quan st); Chp
nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin (3 bin quan st); nh hng v K hoch
tng lai (4 bin quan st); Lm vic nhm (4 bin quan st); S cng bng v nht
qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr (4 bin quan st). V th, mt m hnh vi tm
nhn t l ph hp gii thiu d liu.
4.3.2.2 Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc
Thang o khi nim s cam kt gn b vi t chc bao gm su bin quan st:
COMMIT1, COMMIT2, COMMIT3, COMMIT4, COMMIT5, COMMIT6. Vi gi
thuyt Ho t ra trong phn tch ny l gia 6 bin quan st trong tng th khng c
mi tng quan vi nhau. Kim nh KMO v Bartletts trong phn tch factor cho
thy gi thuyt ny b bc b (sig = 0,000); h s KMO l 0,843 (>0,5). Kt qu ny
ch ra rng cc bin quan st trong tng th c mi tng quan vi nhau v phn
tch nhn t (EFA) l thch hp (Bng 4.7).
Bng 4.7: Kim nh KMO v Bartlett Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc
KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling
Adequacy.
Bartlett's Test of
Sphericity

Approx. Chi-Square
df
Sig.

,843
697,498
15
,000

Bng phn tch EFA s dng vi phng php trch nhn t principal
component v php quay Varimax trch c mt nhn t duy nht ti
eigenvalue bng 3,824 v phng sai trch c l 63,727% (>50%) t yu cu.
Hn na, h s ti nhn t ca cc bin quan st kh cao (0,69 0,88) nn tt c cc
bin c chp nhn trong thang o (Bng 4.8) (Chi tit ti Ph lc 5.2).

- 27 Bng 4.8: Kt qu phn tch nhn t Thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

Bin nghin cu
S cam kt gn b vi t
chc

Bin quan st







COMMIT1
COMMIT2
COMMIT3
COMMIT4
COMMIT5
COMMIT6

H s ti
nhn t
,733
,796
,696
,887
,880
,779

Eigenvalues
Percentage of Variance Explained
(% Phng sai trch)

S lng
bin
6

3,824
63,727

Kt qu phn tch nhn t cho thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc th c

mt nhn t c rt ra v c nh danh l nhn t S cam kt gn b vi t chc
(gm 6 bin quan st).
4.4 Kim nh gi thuyt nghin cu
Phn tch tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh bi c s dng kim nh
mi quan h gia cc bin c lp (Giao tip trong t chc, o to v Pht trin,
Phn thng v S cng nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh, Chp nhn ri ro
do bi sng to v ci tin, nh hng v K hoch tng lai, Lm vic nhm, S
cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr) v bin ph thuc (S cam
kt gn b vi t chc) trong m hnh nghin cu.
4.4.1

Phn tch tng quan: Mi quan h gia cc bin

Ma trn tng quan bng 4.9 trnh by cc h s tng quan Pearson (r)

gia cc bin nghin cu. H s c xem xt c ngha nu gi tr p nh hn hoc

bng 0,05. Vi p<0,01 nn c tng quan ngha gia tt c cc bin c lp c
lit k trong bng 4.9. Trn 20 cc tng quan ng bin, tt c h s u ln hn
0,3 v khng c tng quan no cao vt qu 0,9; v th, khng c hin tng a
cng tuyn xy ra hin tng gia cc bin c lp c tng quan cht ch vi
nhau do lm tng lch chuNn ca cc h s hi quy v lm gim gi tr thng
k t ca kim nh ngha. Ngoi ra, kt qu phn tch cng ch ra rng c mi
tng quan gia cc bin c lp Cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v bin ph

- 28 thuc S cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Trc nht, chp nhn ri ro

do bi sng to v ci tin c tng quan tch cc cht ch vi s cam kt gn b
vi t chc (r=0,629; p<0,01); k n l o to v Pht trin (r=0,614; p<0,01); v
cc tng quan tch cc mc va phi, c th bao gm cc mi quan h: Phn
thng v S cng nhn Cam kt gn b vi t chc (r=0,594; p<0,01), Hiu qu
trong vic ra quyt nh Cam kt gn b vi t chc (r=0,571; p<0,01), S cng
bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr Cam kt gn b vi t chc
(r=0,554; p<0,01), nh hng v K hoch tng lai Cam kt gn b vi t chc
(r=0,531; p<0,01), Lm vic nhm Cam kt gn b vi t chc (r=0,493; p<0,01),
Giao tip trong t chc Cam kt gn b vi t chc (r=0,464; p<0,01). Cc kt
qu trn cho thy cc i tng tr li nhn thc rng nhng gi tr tch cc ca vn
ha cng ty s nh hng tch cc n s cam kt gn b vi t chc.
Bng 4.9: Cc tng quan gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v s cam kt gn b
vi t chc (N = 202)
Giao
tip

.to
&
P.Trin

P.thng
&
C.nhn

Ra
quyt
nh

Ri ro
do bi
ST&CT

nh
hng
KH

Lm
vic
nhm

C.bng
CS QT

Giao tip
.to & P.trin

,453(**)

P.thng &
C.nhn

,562(**)

,620(**)

Ra quyt nh

,506(**)

,645(**)

,642(**)

Ri ro do
ST&CT

,360(**)

,636(**)

,605(**)

,626(**)

nh hng KH

,327(**)

,439(**)

,498(**)

,468(**)

,425(**)

Lm vic nhm

,454(**)

,481(**)

,542(**)

,477(**)

,457(**)

,382(**)

C.bng CS QT

,394(**)

,517(**)

,611(**)

,517(**)

,399(**)

,596(**)

,560(**)

Cam kt gn b

,464(**)

,614(**)

,594(**)

,571(**)

,629(**)

,531(**)

,493(**)

** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

,554(**)

- 29 4.4.2

Phn tch hi quy tuyn tnh bi

Phng php phn tch hi quy tuyn tnh bi vi ton b cc bin (cc kha

cnh vn ha cng ty) c a vo cng lc (enter) cho thy m hnh hi quy

thch hp s dng kim nh m hnh l thuyt (sig. F = 0,000) v gii thch
c 55% s khc bit ca bin ph thuc S cam kt gn b vi t chc (R2 hiu
chnh = 0,550) (Bng 4.10).
Bng 4.10: Cc h s xc nh m hnh (M hnh 1)
R

R
Square

Adjusted
R Square

,568

,550

,753(a)

Change Statistics

Std. Error
of the
Estimate

R
Square
Change

F
Change

,568

31,662

,48084

df1

df2

Sig. F
Change

193

,000

a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, LAM
VIEC NHOM, D.TAO & P.TRIEN, RA QUYET DINH, P.THUONG & C.NHAN

Kt qu phn tch hi quy cho thy ch c cc yu t: o to v Pht trin,

Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, nh hng v K hoch tng lai, S
cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr c ngha thng k vi mc
ngha p < 0,05 ( tin cy l 95%). Cc yu t khc, bao gm Phn thng v S
cng nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh, Lm vic nhm khng c ngha
thng k trong m hnh phn tch (sig. t > 0,05). Ring, i vi yu t Giao tip
trong t chc c gi tr sig 0,05 (gi tr chp nhn) nn vn gi li trong m hnh
phn tch hi quy tip theo. Bng 4.11 di y trnh by tm tt h s hi quy ca
cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty khi a vo m hnh hi quy (Ph lc 6.2.1).
Bng 4.11: Thng k phn tch cc h s hi quy (M hnh 1)
CC KHA CNH VN
HA CNG TY

Unstandardized
Coefficients

Standardized
Coefficients

Sig.

1,253

,212

Std. Error

Beta

(Constant)

,319

,254

Giao tip trong t chc

,126

,064

,118

1,959

,052

o to v Pht trin

,141

,061

,165

2,324

,021

Phn thng v S cng

nhn

,035

,079

,035

,450

,653

- 30 -

CC KHA CNH VN
HA CNG TY

Unstandardized
Coefficients

Standardized
Coefficients

Sig.

Std. Error

Beta

Hiu qu trong vic ra

quyt nh

,020

,072

,020

,279

,781

Chp nhn ri ro do bi
sng to v ci tin

,276

,065

,297

4,280

,000

nh hng v K hoch
tng lai

,178

,069

,160

2,591

,010

Lm vic nhm

,061

,073

,053

,843

,400

S cng bng v nht

qun trong cc chnh sch
qun tr

,131

,063

,147

2,072

,040

a. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO

M hnh hi quy sau khi phn tch li bao gm nm kha cnh: Giao tip trong
t chc, o to v Pht trin, Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, nh
hng v K hoch tng lai, S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun
tr. Kt qu cho thy mc ph hp ca m hnh l 55,4% (R2 hiu chnh = 0,554)
v cc thnh phn trong m hnh m bo ngha thng k v cc mi quan h
tuyn tnh ny (sig. F = 0,000) (Bng 4.12).
Bng 4.12: Cc h s xc nh m hnh (M hnh 2)
R

,752(a)

R
Square

Adjusted
R Square

,565

,554

Std. Error
of the
Estimate
,47854

Change Statistics
R
Square
Change
,565

F
Change
50,919

df1

df2

196

Sig. F
Change
,000

a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, D.TAO & P.TRIEN

Cc h s hi quy ca nm kha cnh vn ha cng ty c lit k trong bng

4.13 di y, c th Giao tip trong t chc ( = 0,142; p<0,05); o to v Pht
trin ( = 0,180; p<0,05); Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin ( = 0,323;
p<0,05); nh hng v K hoch tng lai ( = 0,162; p<0,05); S cng bng v
nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr ( = 0,179; p<0,05) nh hng tch cc
n cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin (Chi tit ti Ph lc 6.2.2).

- 31 Bng 4.13: Thng k phn tch cc h s hi quy (M hnh 2)

CC KHA CNH
VN HA CNG TY

Unstandardized
Coefficients

Standardized
Coefficients

Sig.

1,790

,075

Std. Error

Beta

(Constant)

,413

,231

Giao tip trong t chc

,151

,058

,142

2,616

,010

o to v Pht trin

,154

,058

,180

2,664

,008

Chp nhn ri ro do
bi sng to v ci tin

,300

,058

,323

5,162

,000

nh hng v K
hoch tng lai

,181

,068

,162

2,659

,008

S cng bng v nht

qun trong cc chnh
sch qun tr

,160

,057

,179

2,826

,005

a. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO

Cn c vo cc kt qu phn tch tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh bi, nm

kha cnh vn ha cng ty nh hng tuyn tnh ln mc cam kt gn b vi t
chc ca nhn vin c m t theo m hnh di y (Hnh 4.2):
Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin
0,323
o to v Pht trin

0,180

S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh

sch qun tr

0,179
0,162

S cam kt
gn b vi
t chc ca
nhn vin

nh hng v K hoch tng lai

0,142
Giao tip trong t chc
Hnh 4.2: Kt qu tng quan tuyn tnh ca cc thnh phn trong
m hnh nghin cu

- 32 4.5 Tho lun

T cc kt qu phn tch c trnh by nhng ni dung trn, rt ra kt lun
sau: cc gi thuyt ca m hnh H1, H2, H5, H6, H8 c chp nhn. iu ny c
ngha l cc kha cnh vn ha, gm Giao tip trong t chc, o to v Pht trin,
Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, nh hng v K hoch tng lai v
S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr nh hng tch cc ln yu
t cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Cc yu t ny cng tng cao th mc
cam kt cng tng theo, trong nhn mnh tm quan trng ca hai yu t Chp
nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, o to v Pht trin trong vic ci thin
mc cam kt gn b, gia tng lng trung thnh ca nhn vin vi t chc. Tuy
nhin, i vi cc gi thuyt H3, H4, H7 th vi tp d liu phn tch hin ti cha
c s chng minh mi quan h tuyn tnh trong m hnh hi quy tuyn tnh
a bin. Song, iu ny khng c ngha l cc kha cnh Phn thng v S cng
nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh, Lm vic nhm khng c nh hng g
n mc cam kt gn b vi t chc hoc cc kha cnh ny khng quan trng
m ch n gin l do d liu ny cha chng minh mi tng quan tuyn tnh
gia cc bin c lp ny v bin ph thuc; v th, nn c xem xt, so snh
trong mt nghin cu khc vi nhiu quan st hn. gii thch cho kt qu ny,
ti cho rng do i tng tr li cn kh tr phn ln l tui di 26 v c trnh
hc vn kh cao, a phn tt nghip i hc, cao ng nn s nhn thc, hiu
bit cao; v th c khuynh hng nh gi cao cc yu t sng to v ci tin, o
to v pht trin. Thm vo , trong mi trng cnh tranh gay gt v thay i
nhanh chng ngy nay, ngi lao ng trong doanh nghip ngy cng quan tm n
tng lai pht trin ca doanh nghip bi v n nh hng n s m bo v cng
vic, c hi pht trin ngh nghip ca mi c nhn trong t chc tng lai; v
th, c s tng ng trong nhn thc ca h i vi yu t nh hng v K
hoch tng lai. Ngoi ra, hon thnh tt cng vic, nhim v c phn cng
trong t chc th mi c nhn cn c y cc thng tin phc v cho cng vic v
nhn c s h tr, hng dn ca cp trn khi cn thit, c bit l i vi nhng

- 33 nhn vin mi cha c nhiu kinh nghim, trong nghin cu ny i tng a phn
cn tr v cha c nhiu kinh nghim lm vic; do , h c s nh gi cao i
vi yu t Giao tip trong t chc. Hn na, ngi lao ng trong t chc lun lun
mong mun c i x mt cch cng bng v cc chnh sch thc thi trong t
chc cn phi nht qun nhm to nim tin cho cc thnh vin trong t chc thc
hin mt cch y v ng n; v l , h nh gi cao yu t S cng bng v
nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr. Tm li, kt qu nghin cu cng em li
nhng gi tr nht nh cho nhng nghin cu xa hn lin quan n lnh vc hnh vi
t chc. N cung cp mt bng chng v mi quan h gia vn ha v cam kt gn
b vi t chc ca ngi lao ng trong doanh nghip nhm gip hiu r thm v
vn ha v mt trong nhng kt qu ca n i vi t chc bn cnh cc kt qu
tch cc khc, chng hn nh s tha mn cng vic, cam kt vi cng vic, nng
sut lao ng tng, khuynh hng vng mt thp, khuynh hng ri b t chc
thp,ca cc cng trnh nghin cu trc y; v vy, ng gp vo vic pht
trin l thuyt nghin cu lin quan n vn ha v hnh vi ca t chc. Ngoi ra,
kt qu cng ngh mt m hnh cho nhng nghin cu xa hn trong tng lai.

- 34 -

CHNG 5
KT LUN V XUT
5.1 Gii thiu
Mc tiu ca nghin cu ny l khm ph mi quan h gia vn ha cng ty
v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Da trn l thuyt ca
Recardo v Jolly, xy dng m hnh nghin cu v pht trin cc gi thuyt nghin
cu (trnh by chng 2).
Phng php nghin cu s dng kim nh cc gi thuyt l nghin cu
nh lng, vi k thut iu tra kho st ly kin thng qua bng cu hi vi tp
mu c kch thc n = 202. Thang o c nh gi tin cy v gi tr thng
qua phn tch Cronbach alpha v phn tch nhn t. M hnh v cc gi thuyt
nghin cu c kim nh thng qua phng php phn tch tng quan v hi
quy tuyn tnh bi (trnh by chng 4).
5.2 Kt qu chnh
Kt qu rt ra t vic kim nh thang o lng trong nghin cu ny l cn
phi nh gi tin cy v gi tr ca thang o trc khi thc hin cc phn tch
chi tit nhm loi b cc bin quan st khng ph hp gii thch tt hn cho
thang o. Theo nghin cu ny, ban u vn ha cng ty c o lng bng 32
bin quan st, sau khi phn tch tin cy v gi tr gim xung cn 30 bin
quan st v qua lm tng gi tr ca thang o.
Mc tiu ca nghin cu ny l iu tra, kho st mi lin h tuyn tnh gia
cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty v mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin
lm vic trong cc doanh nghip ti khu vc thnh ph H Ch Minh. Kt qu
nghin cu tm thy nhn vin nh gi cao cc yu t bao gm: Giao tip trong t
chc, o to v Pht trin, Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin, nh
hng v K hoch tng lai, S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun

- 35 tr. Bn cnh , cc yu t Phn thng v S cng nhn, Hiu qu trong vic ra

quyt nh, Lm vic nhm cha d on c tm nh hng ln mc cam kt
gn b vi b d liu mu hin ti.
ngha ca cc kt qu ny l gp phn b sung thm mt nghin cu v vn
ha v kt qu ca n i vi t chc vo hng ng cc nghin cu thuc lnh vc
hnh vi t chc.
5.3 Cc ng gp v kin ngh
Cng trnh nghin cu ny cung cp bng chng cho thy mt vi kha cnh
vn ha cng ty tc ng tch cc n s cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
iu ny c ngha rng cc nhn t ny mang tnh d on v c th ci thin
c mc cam kt. Trn c s , gi cho cc nh qun tr trong vic xy
dng v pht trin vn ha thc Ny cc hnh vi tch cc ca nhn vin, nng cao
hiu qu lao ng, to ra li th cnh tranh cho doanh nghip ng thi gp phn
duy tr, thu ht ngun nhn lc c bit l nhng nhn vin gii, ti nng.
T cc kt qu ng gp ca nghin cu, mt vi xut cho cc doanh
nghip trong vic xy dng v pht trin vn ha theo nhng nh hng c th sau:
Th nht, doanh nghip cn ch trng, khuyn khch giao tip trong t chc,
trong Ny mnh vic trao i thng tin h tr ln nhau gia cc b phn, phng
ban, to iu kin thun li cho vic hon thnh cng vic ca t chc. Ngoi ra,
cng cn nhn mnh tm quan trng ca giao tip thng tin hai chiu gia cp trn
v cp di gip nhn vin c y thng tin thc hin cng vic v khi gp
nhng kh khn, vng mc h c th nhn c s hng dn kp thi ca cp
trn cng nh cp trn s phn hi thng tin v vic thc hin cng vic n cp
di gip h ci tin v thc hin cng vic tt hn. Thm vo , t chc cn xy
dng bu khng kh lm vic ha ng, hp tc, tn trng ln nhau, sn sng chia
s kinh nghim v h tr nhau khi cn thit trong tp th nhn vin nhm to ra nt
vn ha lin kt. V nhng thay i v cc chnh sch lin quan n nhn vin
trong cng ty nn c thng bo y , r rng gip h hiu r quyn li cng

- 36 nh trch nhim ca mnh i vi t chc, t thu ht s quan tm nhiu hn ca

h i vi t chc.
Th nh, doanh nghip cn quan tm n cng tc o to v pht trin do bi
y l v kh chin lc, gn vi vic sinh li lu di v cng c quan trng t
n mc tiu ca t chc do c xem l phng tin t c s pht trin
t chc c hiu qu nht. Tm quan trng ny ang tng nhanh trn ton th gii
nht l trong hi nhp kinh t quc t. Hn na, cht lng ngun nhn lc tr
thnh mt trong nhng li th cnh tranh quan trng trong mi trng kinh doanh
hin i v l mt trong nhiu yu t ng vin con ngi ti ni lm vic. Theo
nghin cu o lng mc tha mn i vi cng vic trong iu kin ca Vit
Nam ca TS. Trn Kim Dung (2005), kt qu tm thy rng yu t tha mn vi c
hi o to, thng tin nh hng tch cc n mc tha mn chung ca nhn
vin i vi cng vic. V th, doanh nghip nn xem o to v pht trin l mt
cch thc ng vin tinh thn lm vic ca nhn vin v l cch thc gi chn h
trong t chc. pht trin cc chng trnh o to c hiu qu cn thu thp mt
cch h thng cc thng tin v nhu cu ca doanh nghip trong hin ti v tng lai.
Mun xc nh nhu cu o to cn thc hin cc nghin cu: phn tch doanh
nghip nh gi ch s hiu qu v mt t chc (nng sut, cht lng thc hin
cng vic, chi ph lao ng, vng mt...), k hoch chuNn b i ng cn b k cn,
nhn vin v mi trng t chc; phn tch tc nghip xc nh loi k nng v
cc hnh vi cn thit cho nhn vin thc hin tt cng vic; phn tch nhn vin
nh gi ng kh nng c nhn v k nng ngh nghip ca nhn vin. T , la
chn hnh thc v phng php o to ph hp vi nng lc, quy m v nh
hng ca doanh nghip. Cc hnh thc o to rt a dng phn loi theo cc tiu
ch khc nhau, v d nh: o to, hng dn cng vic cho nhn vin; o to,
hun luyn k nng; o to chuyn mn k thut; km cp ti ch; o to ti ni
lm vic hay ngoi ni lm vic; o to mi; o to li; Ngoi ra, doanh nghip
cng cn nh gi hiu qu ca chng trnh o to thng qua hai phng php,

- 37 gm nh tnh thm d, bi kim tra; nh lng ch tiu li nhun trn doanh

thu, nng sut lao ng, li nhun thun trn tng lao ng,
Th ba, doanh nghip cn khuyn khch s sng to v ci tin trong t chc.
iu ny tht s l quan trng v cn thit trong mi trng cnh tranh gay gt
ngy nay khi m yu t ci tin tr thnh iu kin tin quyt cho s tn ti v pht
trin ca doanh nghip. Dennie Heye, mt nh khoa hc thng tin ti cng ty nng
lng ton cu Shell nhn nh rng S khng c ci tin nu khng chp nhn ri
ro. Cc nh qun tr nn khuyn khch nhn vin t tin xut nhng tng,
sng kin, ci tin mi trong vic pht trin sn phNm, dch v hay mt quy trnh,
cch thc hay phng php lm vic. Nhng sng kin ci tin hiu qu mang li
li ch cho t chc nn c nh gi, cng nhn v tng thng bng nhiu hnh
thc khc nhau. Thc t chng minh, Kaizen ci tin tng bc chnh l cha
kha thnh cng ca cc cng ty Nht Bn ngy nay.
Th t, doanh nghip cn thit lp phng hng, chin lc pht trin r
rng trong tng lai. iu ny th hin tm nhn di hn ca t chc v c ngha
tch cc i vi nhn vin. Vic d bo tng lai ca doanh nghip ng vai tr
quan trng nht l trong iu kin thay i nhanh chng ngy nay. Nhng nh
hng tng lai l nn tng gip t chc hoch nh cc mc tiu, k hoch c th,
ph hp v nhng thay i cn thit qua lin kt cc hot ng ca t chc cho
cc kt qu cn hng n. Vic chia s nhng chin lc, mc tiu ca doanh
nghip gip nhn vin hiu r hn v hot ng ca t chc, cm nhn mnh l mt
phn ca t chc, t mi nhn vin nhn thc c vai tr, cng vic ca mnh
ng gp vo thnh cng chung cng nh sn sng n lc ht mnh v tng lai ca
t chc.
Cui cng, tnh cng bng v nht qun l quan trng trong vic xy dng cc
chnh sch qun tr, v d nh: lnh o, pht trin ngh nghip, chnh sch ng
vin lng, thng, phc li, thng chc, Khi nhn vin nhn thy rng doanh
nghip khng cng bng trong cc chnh sch qun tr c bit l cc chnh sch
lin quan n li ch, phc li ca nhn vin, h thng cm thy b c ch v chn

- 38 nn, thm ch ri b doanh nghip. Bn cnh , s nht qun trong cc chnh sch
qun tr cng l mt trong cc yu t lin quan n nhn thc ca nhn vin v
nim tin vo cc chnh sch ca t chc. Tnh cng bng v nht qun l yu t cn
thit khi xy dng cc chnh sch qun tr nhm to ra ng lc kch thch, ng
vin nhn vin do bi nhn vin thng mong i nhng c gng v kt qu thc
hin cng vic ca h s c nh gi, khen thng xng ng vi cng sc n
lc b ra. Nu cc chnh sch v hot ng qun tr trong doanh nghip gip
nhn vin nhn thy rng s c gng, vt v v mc thc hin cng vic tt ca
h c n b tng xng, h s c gng lm vic, c th hnh thnh tnh nng
ng, sng to ca nhn vin. Hn na, tnh cng bng trong ni b doanh nghip
s to tm l tch cc, tha mn vi cng vic v gia tng cam kt gn b vi t
chc. Bng ngc li, nhn vin nhn thy s phn bit i x, thin v v thiu
nht qun trong cc chnh sch v hot ng ca doanh nghip s to ra tm l tiu
cc nh th ng trong cng vic, lm gim tinh thn hp tc, h tr, bt mn, phn
ng li v c th b vic.
5.4 Hn ch v xut cho cc nghin cu tip theo trong tng lai
Mc ch ca nghin cu ny l khm ph s nh hng ca cc kha cnh
vn ha cng ty n mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin. Song,
nghin cu ny cng cn nhiu hn ch nht nh. Th nht, i tng ca nghin
cu l nhn vin lm vic ton thi gian ti cc doanh nghip nn kt qu khng
mang tnh i din cho cc i tng khc trong doanh nghip. Th hai, nghin cu
thc hin ti thnh ph H Ch Minh do kt qu nghin cu ch mang tnh a
phng v rt c th cc kt qu s khc nhau cho cc tnh thnh, khu vc khc
trong c nc. Th ba, nghin cu ny ch cp n mt kt qu do tc ng t
vn ha cng ty, chnh l thi nhn vin cam kt gn b vi t chc trong khi
vn cn mt vi kt qu khc cha c xem xt n. V th, xut ca ti cho
cc nghin cu tip theo trong tng lai lin quan n lnh vc vn ha cng ty v
cc hnh vi ng x trong t chc, c th nh sau:

- 39 Nhm tng tin cy v tnh i din ca cc kt qu, nghin cu vi kch c

mu ln hn khong 500 600 mu v thc hin nghin cu vi nhiu i tng
khc nhau trong doanh nghip ng thi m rng nghin cu ti nhiu doanh
nghip vi cc loi hnh khc nhau: ngoi quc doanh trong nc, quc doanh v
c vn u t nc ngoi; so snh cc kt qu thu c gia cc loi hnh doanh
nghip .
Cc nghin cu tip theo nn thit k chn mu phn tng i tng s cho
kh nng khi qut ha cao hn.
Nghin cu lp li cho cc khu vc khc nhau v c s so snh kt qu gia
cc khu vc do bi mi ni c nhng c im t nhin, quan nim v phong cch
sng c th mang tnh a phng do s nh hng n kt qu nghin cu. V
vy, vic iu tra vi phm vi tri rng s cho thy r hn v s nh hng ca cc
kha cnh vn ha ln mc cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin s khc
nhau tng khu vc. T , c s so snh i chiu xp hng cc yu t.
Nghin cu ny tp trung vo tm kha cnh vn ha cng ty ca Recardo v
Jolly, song ngoi ra cn c cc kha cnh vn ha khc ca cng ty nn c xem
xt v a vo m hnh nghin cu trong tng lai nh: nh hng theo kt qu
hon thnh, s tin tng, tn trng con ngi.
Hn na, nghin cu ny ch chn mt kt qu l thi ca nhn vin cam
kt gn b vi t chc, cn mt lot cc kt qu lin quan n cng vic ca nhn
vin, chng hn nh tha mn ngh nghip, tha mn cng vic, nng sut lao ng,
mc hon thnh cng vic cng nn c xem xt n nh l cc kt qu do tc
ng t vn ha cng ty khi thc hin cc nghin cu xa hn trong tng lai.

TI LIU THAM KHO

Ting Vit
Trn Kim Dung (2005). o lng mc tha mn i vi cng vic trong iu
kin ca Vit Nam. Tp ch Pht trin Khoa hc Cng ngh. H Quc gia
TP.HCM.
Nguyn Thanh Hi v Phan Thng (2005). Qun tr hc. NXB Thng k.
Khiu Thin Thut (1996). Khoa hc qun tr tm lc. Trng HDL Hng
Vng.
Hong Trng v Chu Nguyn Mng Ngc (2005). Phn tch d liu nghin cu vi
SPSS. NXB Thng k.
Phan Quc Vit, Nguyn L Anh v Nguyn Huy Hong (2007). Vn ha doanh
nghip v nng lc cnh tranh, trch trong cun Nng cao nng lc cnh tranh ca
doanh nghip Vit Nam trong hi nhp WTO. Phng Thng mi v Cng nghip
Vit Nam.
Ting Anh
Allen, N. and J Meyer (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective,
continuance, and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of
Occupational Psychology 63: 1-18.
Chow, C.W., Harrison,G.L., McKinnon,J.L., & Wu, A. (2001). Organizational
Culture: Association with Affective Commitment, Job Satisfaction, Propensity to
Remain and Information Sharing in a Chinese Cultural Context. CIBER Working
paper. San Diego State University.
Heye, Dennie (2006). Creativity and Innovation: Two key characteristics of
successful 21st century information professional. Business Information Review.
SAGE Publications, London.
Ghani, R.A., Nordin, F., & Mamat,L. (2004). Organizational commitment among
the academic staff in the Distance Education Program. The International Journal of
Education Development, 1, 29-43.
Gerbing, W.D., & J.C. Anderson (1988). An Update Paradigm for Scale
Development Incorporating Unidimensionality and Its Assessments, Journal of
Marketing Research, 25 (2): 186-192.

Lund, D.B. (2003). Organizational culture and job satisfaction. Journal of Business
and Industrial Marketing.
Luthans, F. (1992). Organizational behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Mohammad Saeed & Arif Hassan (2000). Organizational culture and work
outcomes: Evidence from some Malaysian organizations. Malaysian Management
Review.
Mowday, R.T., Steers, R.M. and Porter, L.W. (1979). The measurement of
organizational commitment. Vocational Behavior 14: 224-247.
OReilly, C., & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological
attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, internalization of prosocial
behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology.
Pool, S.W. (2000). Organizational culture and its relationship between jobs tension
in measuring outcomes among business executives. Journal of Management
Development.
Rajendran Muthuveloo & Reduan Che Rose. (2005). Antecedents and Outcomes of
Organizational Commitment among Malaysian Engineers. American Journal of
Applied Sciences. Science Publications.
Recardo, R., & Jolly, J. (1997). Organizational Culture and Teams. S.A.M
Advanced Management Journal.
Schein, E.H. (1992). Organizational culture and Leadership. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
Shinichi Hirota, Katsuyuki Kubo, & Hideaki Miyajima. (2007). Does Corporate
Culture Matter ? An Empirical Study on Japanese Firms. RIETI Discussion Paper
Series.
Thompson, K.R., & Luthans, F. (1990). Organizational culture: A behavioral
perspective. Organizational climate and Culture. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

-i-

PH LC 1
DANH MC CC DOANH NGHIP KHO ST
STT

TN DOANH NGHIP

1.

Cng ty C phn 3D

2.

Cng ty C phn gii php phn mm A Z

3.

Cng ty C phn Bo him AAA

4.

Cng ty C phn i Pht

5.

Cng ty C phn cng ngh tin hc Thi Dng

6.

Cng ty TNHH Bch Khoa SG

7.

Cng ty TNHH SX XD TM ng Tm

8.

Cng ty TNHH Pht trin cng ngh A.D.T.E.C

9.

DNTN Mai Hunh

10.

DNTN Thng mi tin hc An Nhn

- ii -

PH LC 2
BNG CU HI KHO ST
Thn gi qu anh/ch,
Hin nay, ti ang thc hin ti nghin cu nh hng ca vn ha cng ty n s cam kt
gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin, rt mong anh/ch dnh t thi gian in vo bng cu hi ny.
Nhng thng tin m anh/ch cung cp s gip ch rt nhiu trong vic hiu r hn v mi quan h
gia vn ha cng ty v cam kt gn b vi t chc ca nhn vin.
Xin chn thnh cm n; v cho php ti c gi n qu anh/ch li chc sc khe, thnh
cng v hnh phc!
I. VN HA CNG TY
Anh/ch vui lng nh gi mc ng ca anh/ch i vi mi pht biu di y (nh du
X vo thch hp). im ca cc thang o nh sau:
Thang o mc ng
1. Rt khng ng
2. Khng ng
3. Phn vn, khng bit c ng hay khng (trung lp)
4. ng
5. Rt ng
Giao tip trong t chc
Nhng thay i v chnh sch lin quan n nhn vin trong cng ty u c
thng bo y , r rng
Anh/ch c thng tin thc hin cng vic
Anh/ch nhn c s hng dn ca cp trn khi gp kh khn trong vic gii
quyt cng vic
S giao tip gia cc b phn c khuyn khch trong cng ty ca anh/ch

Mc ng
1

o to v Pht trin
Mc ng
Anh/ch c tham gia cc chng trnh o to theo yu cu ca cng vic
1 2 3 4 5
Anh/ch c hun luyn cc k nng cng vic cn thit thc hin tt cng
1 2 3 4 5
vic
Anh/ch c bit cc iu kin cn thit c thng tin trong cng ty
1 2 3 4 5
Anh/ch c nhiu c hi pht trin ngh nghip trong cng ty
1 2 3 4 5
Phn thng v S cng nhn
Anh/ch nhn c s phn hi v vic thc hin cng vic t cp trn
Khi thc hin tt cng vic, anh/ch nhn c li khen ngi v s cng nhn
ca cp trn
Tin thng m anh/ch nhn c tng xng vi kt qu ng gp ca anh/ch
vo cng ty
Anh/ch hiu r v cc khon tin thng v phc li trong cng ty

Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1

- iii Hiu qu trong vic ra quyt nh

Anh/ch c php thc hin cng vic theo nng lc tt nht ca anh/ch
Anh/ch c tham gia vo vic ra cc quyt nh quan trng ca b phn
Cc quyt nh sng sut mang li li ch tt nht cho cng ty ca anh/ch trong
di hn
Cng ty ca anh/ch thu thp nhiu ngun thng tin v kin phn hi trc khi
ra cc quyt nh quan trng
Chp nhn ri ro do bi sng to v ci tin
Anh/ch c khuyn khch hc hi t nhng sai lm do bi s sng to
Cng ty ca anh/ch nh gi cao cc tng mi ca nhn vin
Anh/ch c khuyn khch thc hin cng vic theo mt phng php khc so
vi nhng cch m trc y mi ngi lm
Nhng ci tin hiu qu c thng bng tin hoc bng cc hnh thc khc
nh hng v K hoch tng lai
Cng ty ca anh/ch c chin lc pht trin trong tng lai r rng
Anh/ch c chia s thng tin v cc mc tiu ca cng ty
Anh/ch hon ton ng h cc mc tiu ca cng ty
Cc nh qun tr trong cng ty lun hoch nh trc nhng thay i c th tc
ng n kt qu kinh doanh
Lm vic nhm
Anh/ch thch lm vic vi mi ngi trong b phn ca anh/ch
Nhn vin trong b phn ca anh/ch sn sng hp tc vi nhau v lm vic nh
mt i
Khi cn s h tr, anh/ch lun nhn c s hp tc ca cc phng ban, b phn
trong cng ty
Lm vic nhm c khuyn khch v thc hin trong cng ty ca anh/ch
S cng bng v nht qun trong cc chnh sch qun tr
Cc chnh sch thng tin, khen thng trong cng ty ca anh/ch l cng bng
Khng tn ti s thin v trong vic xt nng lng hay thng chc
Tin lng v phn phi thu nhp trong cng ty l cng bng
Cp qun l ca anh/ch lun lun nht qun khi thc thi cc chnh sch lin
quan n nhn vin

Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1

Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1

1 2 3 4 5
Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1

Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1

Mc ng
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1

II. S CAM KT GN B VI T CHC

Anh/ch vui lng nh gi mc ng ca mnh vi cc pht biu sau. (nh du X vo thch
hp):
Quy c: 1 l Rt khng ng ,..., 5 l Rt ng
S cam kt gn b vi t chc
Mc ng
Anh/ch sn sng t mi n lc gip cho t chc thnh cng
1 2 3 4 5
Anh/ch rt trung thnh vi t chc
1 2 3 4 5
Anh/ch s chp nhn mi s phn cng cng vic c th tip tc lm vic
1 2 3 4 5
trong t chc
Anh/ch vui mng chn t chc ny lm vic
1 2 3 4 5
Anh.ch cm thy t ho l mt phn trong t chc
1 2 3 4 5
Anh/ch rt quan tm v s phn ca t chc
1 2 3 4 5

- iv III. THNG TIN C NHN. Anh/ch vui lng cho bit cc thng tin c nhn nh sau:
1. Hin ti, anh/ch c ang lm vic ton thi gian trong cc doanh nghip ti TP.HCM khng ?
C
Khng
2.Gii tnh:
3.Tui:

Nam
26

4. Trnh hc vn:
PTTH

27-30
Trung cp

5. C quan cng tc
Doanh nghip t nhn
Cng ty TNHH
Cng ty C phn

N
31-35

36-40
Cao ng

41-45
i hc

46-50

51

Trn i hc

Cng ty nh nc
Cng ty c vn u t nc ngoi
Khc (xin ghi r):

6. V tr cng tc
Cp qun l
Nhn vin
Khc (xin ghi r)
7. Kinh nghim lm vic
1 nm

>1- 2 nm

>2-5 nm

>5-10 nm

>10 nm

-v-

PH LC 3
Ph lc 3.1: M t loi hnh doanh nghip m i tng nghin cu lm vic
Frequencies (Phn tch tn sut)
Statistics
N

Valid
Missing

202
0
NOI CONG TAC

Frequency
Valid

Percent

Cumulative
Percent

Valid Percent

Doanh nghiep tu nhan

27

13,4

13,4

13,4

Cong ty TNHH

58

28,7

28,7

42,1
100,0

Cong ty Co phan

117

57,9

57,9

Total

202

100,0

100,0

Ph lc 3.2: M t thng tin nhn kh9u ca i tng nghin cu

Frequencies (Phn tch tn sut)
Statistics

202

202

TRINH DO
HOC VAN
202

GIOI TINH
N

Valid

DO TUOI

Missing

KINH NGHIEM
LAM VIEC
202
0

Frequency Table (Bng tn sut)

GIOI TINH

Frequency
Valid

Nu

48,0

Cumulative
Percent
48,0

52,0

52,0

100,0

100,0

100,0

Percent

97

Valid Percent

48,0

Nam

105

Total

202

Frequency
86

Percent
42,6

Valid Percent
42,6

Cumulative
Percent
42,6

27 - 30

80

39,6

39,6

82,2

31 - 35

28

13,9

13,9

96,0
100,0

DO TUOI

Valid

<= 26

36 - 40
Total

4,0

4,0

202

100,0

100,0

- vi TRINH DO HOC VAN

Frequency
Valid

Percent

Cumulative
Percent

Valid Percent

PTHH

11

5,4

5,4

5,4

Trung cap

49

24,3

24,3

29,7

Cao Dang

46

22,8

22,8

52,5

Dai hoc

96

47,5

47,5

100,0

202

100,0

100,0

Total

KINH NGHIEM LAM VIEC

Frequency
Valid

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

<= 1 nam

25

12,4

12,4

12,4

> 1 - 2 nam

59

29,2

29,2

41,6

> 2 - 5 nam

88

43,6

43,6

85,1

> 5 - 10 nam

26

12,9

12,9

98,0
100,0

> 10 nam
Total

Percent

2,0

2,0

202

100,0

100,0

- vii -

PH LC 4
Ph lc 4.1: tin cy Cronbach alpha ca cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty

        


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- ix
        


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- xi Ph lc 4.2: tin cy Cronbach alpha ca yu t cam kt gn b vi t chc

        

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- xii -

PH LC 5
Ph lc 5.1: Phn tch nhn t cho thang o cc kha cnh vn ha cng ty
KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling
Adequacy.
Bartlett's Test of
Sphericity

,907

Approx. Chi-Square

3134,593

df

435

Sig.

,000

Communalities

GIAO TIEP 1

Initial
1,000

Extraction
,747

GIAO TIEP 2

1,000

,607

GIAO TIEP 4

1,000

,572

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 1

1,000

,790

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 2

1,000

,706

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 3

1,000

,665

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 4

1,000

,675

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 1

1,000

,612

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 2

1,000

,548

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 3

1,000

,550

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 4

1,000

,500

RA QUYET DINH 1

1,000

,668

RA QUYET DINH 2

1,000

,690

RA QUYET DINH 3

1,000

,515

RA QUYET DINH 4

1,000

,608

RUI RO DO ST&CT 1

1,000

,632

RUI RO DO ST&CT 2

1,000

,624

RUI RO DO ST&CT 3

1,000

,636

DH KE HOACH 1

1,000

,704

DH KE HOACH 2

1,000

,599

DH KE HOACH 3

1,000

,716

DH KE HOACH 4

1,000

,694

LAM VIEC NHOM 1

1,000

,743

LAM VIEC NHOM 2

1,000

,789

LAM VIEC NHOM 3

1,000

,527

LAM VIEC NHOM 4

1,000

,618

C.BANG CS QT 1

1,000

,749

C.BANG CS QT 2

1,000

,755

C.BANG CS QT 3

1,000

,726

C.BANG CS QT 4

1,000

,637

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

- xiii Total Variance Explained

Initial Eigenvalues

Component

Total

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

% of Variance

Cumulative %

Total

Cumulative %

Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings

% of Variance

Cumulative %

10,968

36,560

36,560

10,968

36,560

36,560

3,891

12,970

12,970

2,166

7,220

43,780

2,166

7,220

43,780

3,827

12,758

25,728

1,742

5,805

49,586

1,742

5,805

49,586

3,243

10,812

36,540

1,419

4,731

54,316

1,419

4,731

54,316

2,515

8,382

44,922

1,219

4,063

58,379

1,219

4,063

58,379

2,101

7,002

51,924

1,085

3,618

61,997

1,085

3,618

61,997

2,078

6,926

58,850

1,054

3,416

62,456

1,054

3,416

62,456

1,978

6,762

60,229

1,004

3,346

65,343

1,004

3,346

65,343

1,948

6,493

65,343

,809

2,696

70,872

10

,768

2,561

73,433

11

,681

2,270

75,703

12

,631

2,103

77,806

13

,599

1,996

79,802

14

,567

1,889

81,691

15

,544

1,812

83,503

16

,542

1,806

85,308

17

,492

1,640

86,948

18

,452

1,508

88,456

19

,431

1,436

89,892

20

,405

1,352

91,244

21

,362

1,205

92,449

22

,349

1,164

93,613

23

,325

1,085

94,698

24

,300

1,000

95,698

25

,285

,950

96,648

26

,263

,877

97,525

27

,233

,778

98,303

28

,209

,697

99,000

29

,161

,536

99,536

30

,139

,464

100,000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

% of Variance

Total

- xiv Component Matrix(a)

Component
1

GIAO TIEP 1

,501

,465

GIAO TIEP 2

,437

,534

GIAO TIEP 4

,526

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 1

,723

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 2

,689

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 3

,648

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 4

,703

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 1

,575

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 2

,661

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 3

,717

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 4

,603

RA QUYET DINH 1

,581

RA QUYET DINH 2

,564

RA QUYET DINH 3

,571

RA QUYET DINH 4

,679

RUI RO DO ST&CT 1

,569

RUI RO DO ST&CT 2

,658

RUI RO DO ST&CT 3

,655

DH KE HOACH 1

,455

DH KE HOACH 2

,617

DH KE HOACH 3

,516

DH KE HOACH 4

,541

LAM VIEC NHOM 1

,341

,594

LAM VIEC NHOM 2

,412

,699

LAM VIEC NHOM 3

,632

LAM VIEC NHOM 4

,686

C.BANG CS QT 1

,706

C.BANG CS QT 2

,717

C.BANG CS QT 3

,690

C.BANG CS QT 4

,521

,470

,503

,562

,491

,523

,484

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

a. 8 components extracted.

- xv Rotated Component Matrix(a)

Component
1

GIAO TIEP 1

,838

GIAO TIEP 2

,749

GIAO TIEP 4

,713

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 1

,877

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 2

,862

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 3

,821

D.TAO & P.TRIEN 4

,831

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 1

,691

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 2

,822

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 3

,824

P.THUONG & C.NHAN 4

,692

RA QUYET DINH 1

,756

RA QUYET DINH 2

,756

RA QUYET DINH 3

,704

RA QUYET DINH 4

,754

RUI RO DO ST&CT 1

,829

RUI RO DO ST&CT 2

,825

RUI RO DO ST&CT 3

,871

DH KE HOACH 1

,792

DH KE HOACH 2

,783

DH KE HOACH 3

,778

DH KE HOACH 4

,772

LAM VIEC NHOM 1

,718

LAM VIEC NHOM 2

,803

LAM VIEC NHOM 3

,724

LAM VIEC NHOM 4

,779

C.BANG CS QT 1

,873

C.BANG CS QT 2

,880

C.BANG CS QT 3

,879

C.BANG CS QT 4

,742

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 11 iterations.

- xvi Ph lc 5.2: Phn tch nhn t cho thang o s cam kt gn b vi t chc

KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling
Adequacy.
Bartlett's Test of
Sphericity

,843

Approx. Chi-Square

697,498

df

15

Sig.

,000

Total Variance Explained

Initial Eigenvalues
Component
1

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

Total
3,824

% of Variance
63,727

Cumulative %
63,727

,687

11,457

75,185

,673

11,209

86,394

,341

5,690

92,083

,323

5,387

97,470

,152

2,530

100,000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Component Matrix(a)
Component
1
CAM KET GAN BO 1

,733

CAM KET GAN BO 2

,796

CAM KET GAN BO 3

,696

CAM KET GAN BO 4

,887

CAM KET GAN BO 5

,880

CAM KET GAN BO 6

,779
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
a. 1 components extracted.

Total
3,824

% of Variance
63,727

Cumulative %
63,727

- xvii -

PH LC 6
Ph lc 6.1: Kt qu kim nh mi quan h gia cc kha cnh vn ha cng
ty v s cam kt gn b vi t chc
Correlations
GIAO
TIEP
Pearson
Correlation

Sig. (2tailed)

GIAO TIEP
D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
P.THUONG
& C.NHAN
RA QUYET
DINH
RUI RO DO
ST&CT
DH KE
HOACH
LAM VIEC
NHOM
C.BANG
CS QT
CAM KET
GAN BO
GIAO TIEP
D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
P.THUONG
& C.NHAN
RA QUYET
DINH
RUI RO DO
ST&CT
DH KE
HOACH
LAM VIEC
NHOM
C.BANG
CS QT
CAM KET
GAN BO
GIAO TIEP
D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
P.THUONG
& C.NHAN
RA QUYET
DINH
RUI RO DO
ST&CT
DH KE
HOACH
LAM VIEC
NHOM
C.BANG
CS QT
CAM KET
GAN BO

D.TAO &
P.TRIEN

P.THUONG
& C.NHAN

RA
QUYET
DINH

RUI RO
DO
ST&CT

DH KE
HOACH

LAM
VIEC
NHOM

C.BANG
CS QT

CAM KET
GAN BO

,453(**)

,562(**)

,506(**)

,360(**)

,327(**)

,454(**)

,394(**)

,464(**)

,453(**)

,620(**)

,645(**)

,636(**)

,439(**)

,481(**)

,517(**)

,614(**)

,562(**)

,620(**)

,642(**)

,605(**)

,498(**)

,542(**)

,611(**)

,594(**)

,506(**)

,645(**)

,642(**)

,626(**)

,468(**)

,477(**)

,517(**)

,571(**)

,360(**)

,636(**)

,605(**)

,626(**)

,425(**)

,457(**)

,399(**)

,629(**)

,327(**)

,439(**)

,498(**)

,468(**)

,425(**)

,382(**)

,596(**)

,531(**)

,454(**)

,481(**)

,542(**)

,477(**)

,457(**)

,382(**)

,560(**)

,493(**)

,394(**)

,517(**)

,611(**)

,517(**)

,399(**)

,596(**)

,560(**)

,554(**)

,464(**)

,614(**)

,594(**)

,571(**)

,629(**)

,531(**)

,493(**)

,554(**)

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

,000

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

- xviii Ph lc 6.2: Phn tch hi quy bi m hnh nghin cu

6.2.1 Phn tch theo Model 1
Model Summary

Model
1

R
Square

,753(a)

Std. Error
of the
Estimate

Adjusted
R Square

,568

,550

Change Statistics

,48084

R Square
Change
,568

F Change
31,662

df1
8

df2
193

Sig. F
Change
,000

a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, LAM VIEC
NHOM, D.TAO & P.TRIEN, RA QUYET DINH, P.THUONG & C.NHAN
ANOVA(b)

Model
1

Sum of
Squares

df

Mean Square

Regression

58,563

7,320

Residual

44,623

193

,231

Sig.

31,662

,000(a)

Total

103,186
201
a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, LAM VIEC
NHOM, D.TAO & P.TRIEN, RA QUYET DINH, P.THUONG & C.NHAN
b. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO
Coefficients(a)
Unstandardized
Coefficients
Model
1

Standardized
Coefficients

(Constant)

,319

Std. Error
,254

GIAO TIEP

,126

,064

,141

Beta

Sig.

1,253

,212

,118

1,959

,052

,061

,165

2,324

,021

,035

,079

,035

,450

,653

,020

,072

,020

,279

,781

,276

,065

,297

4,280

,000

,178
LAM VIEC
,061
NHOM
C.BANG CS
,131
QT
a. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO

,069

,160

2,591

,010

,073

,053

,843

,400

,063

,147

2,072

,040

D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
P.THUONG &
C.NHAN
RA QUYET
DINH
RUI RO DO
ST&CT
DH KE HOACH

- xix 6.2.2 Phn tch theo Model 2

Model Summary

Model

R
Square

Std. Error
of the
Estimate

Adjusted
R Square

Change Statistics

R Square
Sig. F
Change
F Change df1
df2
Change
1
,752(a)
,565
,554
,47854
,565
50,919
5 196
,000
a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
ANOVA(b)

Model
1

Regression
Residual

Sum of
Squares
58,302
44,884

df
5

Mean Square
11,660

196

,229

F
50,919

Sig.
,000(a)

Total

103,186
201
a. Predictors: (Constant), C.BANG CS QT, GIAO TIEP, RUI RO DO ST&CT, DH KE HOACH, D.TAO &
P.TRIEN
b. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO
Coefficients(a)
Unstandardized
Coefficients

Model
1

(Constant)
GIAO TIEP

Standardized
Coefficients

Sig.

B
,413

Std. Error
,231

1,790

,075

,151

,058

,142

2,616

,010

,058

,180

2,664

,008

,058

,323

5,162

,000

,068

,162

2,659

,008

,057

,179

2,826

,005

D.TAO &
,154
P.TRIEN
RUI RO DO
,300
ST&CT
DH KE
,181
HOACH
C.BANG CS
,160
QT
a. Dependent Variable: CAM KET GAN BO

Beta