www.Vidyarthiplus.

com
Mechanics of FLUIDS

FORMULAE

UNIT -1
DEFINITION AND PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF FLUID:
a. Density (Or) Mass Density ()
Mass density () = Mass of fluid
Volume of fluid
b. Specific weight (or) Weight Density (w)
Weight of fluid
Volume of fluid
= Mass of fluid x g
Volume of fluid
w= x g

unit = kg/m3

Weight Density (w)=

= (M/V)
unit = kN/m3

c. Specific volume
Specific volume = Volume of fluid = 1/
Mass of fluid
d. Specific gravity
Specific gravity= Density of liquid
Density of Water

unit= m3/kg

(No units)

(Density of Water = 1000 Kg/m3)

Viscosity (or) co-efficient of viscosity
= du
dy

du
dy

(mu) = Co-efficient dynamic viscosity

= Shear Stress
= Force /area
du=Change in velocity = u- 0
dy = thickness of oil film

Units
= Ns/m2
Notes:
1kgf = 9.81 N
1 poise = 0.1 Ns/m2
1 stoke = 10-4m2/s

TRP Engg College

Dept of Civil Engg

www.Vidyarthiplus.com

www.Vidyarthiplus.com
Mechanics of FLUIDS

FORMULAE

Kinematic Viscosity ()
Unit = m2/s

Kinematic Viscosity ()= Viscosity =

Density

Torque(T) = Force x d/2 (Nm)

Power lost = 2 N T
60

(Watts)

Compressibility (and) Bulk Modulus

Bulk modulus (K) = Increase of pressure (or) compressive stress
Volumetric Strain
K = dp
-dv
V
Compressibility = 1/K
Capillarity
Expression for capillary Rise
h = 4 cos
gd
Expression for capillary Fall

= 0 for water

h = 4 cos
gd

= 130 for mercury

Surface Tension
Surface Tension on liquid Droplet (p)

= 4
d

= Surface tension (N/m)

P = intensity pressure (N/mm2)

Surface Tension on a Hollow Bubble(p)= 8

d

d = diameter of liquid jet (mm)

Surface Tension on a liquid jet (p) = 2

d

TRP Engg College

Dept of Civil Engg

www.Vidyarthiplus.com