BASIC STRENGTH OF

MATERIALS
AS2010

TYPES OF FORCES:
SURFACE FORCES:
are caused by direct contact of surface
of one
body with another. If the area is small, it
can be
idealized as a :
CONCENTRATED FORCE:
is applied to a point on the body.
BODY FORCE:
is developed when one body exerts
force on
another without direct physical
contact between
them, although these
effect each of the particles
composing the
body, these forces are generally
represented
as a single concentrated force acting
on the body
LINEARLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD: if the loading is applied along
a narrow area.
The resultant force is equivalent to
the area
under the distributed loading curve, and
this
resultant acts through the centroid, or
geometric
center of this area.

SUPPORT REACTIONS: If the support prevents translation in a

given direction, then a force must be developed on the member
in that direction. Likewise, if rotation is prevented, a couple
moment must be exerted on the member.

STRESS AND
STRAIN

OR

This is also known as

Hookes Law

STRESS TRANSFORMATIONS

STRAIN TRANSFORMATIONS

MOHRS CIRLCLE
It is a 2-D graphical representation of the state of
stress at a point.

The sign convention

generally used :

The principal stresses are found as:

Extreme values of shear stress are found as:

The angle between the plane of maximum normal stress and

the X-axis is
The angle that the plane of maximum shear stress makes
with the X-axis is:

TORSION
It is the twisting of an object due to the applied
torque. In sections perpendicular to the torque
axis, the resultant shear stress in the section is
perpendicular to the radius.
For solid shafts of uniform circular
cross-section or hollow circular shafts
with constant wall thickness, these
torsion relations are valid:
Torsion of a
square section
bar

POLAR MOMENT OF INERTIA

STRESS IN A THIN WALLED PRESSURE VESSEL

REMEMBER

Simply Supported Beam . Concentrated Load

Simply Supported Beam . Uniformly

Distributed Load

Cantilever . Concentrated Load

Cantilever . Uniformly Distributed Load

Fixed Beam . Concentrated Load

Fixed Beam . Uniformly Distributed Load

Using the previous relations, we

get

LAMES THICK CYLINDER

PROBLEM

Factor of safety :

Where, ,
is found from
experimental testing of the material,
and factor of safety is selected based
on experience.