10 Đề Thi Ôn Luyện THPT Quốc Gia 2016

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc
THI TH THPT QUC GIA NM 2016

MN HA HC LN 1
Cu 1: Phn bn nitro photka l hn hp ca:
A. NH4H2PO4 v KNO3
B. (NH4)2HPO4 v NaNO3
C. (NH4)2HPO4 v KNO3
D. (NH4)3PO4 v KNO3
Cu 2: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2. Khi phn ng vi dung
dch NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z; cn Y to ra CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc
cht Z v T ln lt l
A. CH3OH v CH3NH2.
B. CH3NH2 v NH3.
C. CH3OH v NH3.
D. C2H5OH v N2.
Cu 3: Thu phn hon ton tinh bt trong dung dch axit v c long, thu c cht hu c X. Cho
X phn ng vi kh H2 (xc tc Ni, to), thu c cht hu c Y. Cc cht X, Y ln lt l:
A. glucoz, fructoz.
B. glucoz, sobitol.
C. glucoz, saccaroz.
D. glucoz, etanol.
Cu 4: t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon mch h X cn va V lt kh O2 ( ktc), thu c 0,4
mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,96.
B. 2,24.
C. 14,56.
D. 11,2.
Cu 5: Anehit no mch h X c cng thc n gin nht C2H3O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H6O2.
B. C2H3O
C. C8H12O4.
D. C6H9O3.
Cu 6: Cho m gam hn hp axit axetic, axit benzoic, axit adipic, axit oxalic tc dng va vi dung
dch NaOH thu c a gam mui. Nu cng cho m gam hn hp X ni trn tc dng vi Ca(OH)2
va th thu c b gam mui. Biu thc lin h m, a, b l:
A. m = 11b 10a
B. 9m = 20 a 11b C. 8m = 19 a- 11b D. 3m = 22b 19a
Cu 7: Hirocacbon X khng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng. Tn gi ca X l
A. etilen
B. isopren.
C. hexan.
D. stiren.
Cu 8: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng khng tc
dng vi dung dch NaHCO3. Tn gi ca X l
A. phenol
B. metyl axetat.
C. axit acrylic.
D. anilin.
Cu 9: Cho Fe tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long to thnh kh X; nhit phn tinh th KNO3 to
thnh kh Y; cho tinh th KMnO4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c to thnh kh Z. Cc kh X, Y v Z
ln lt l
A. Cl2, O2 v H2S. B. H2, O2 v Cl2.
C. SO2, O2 v Cl2. D. H2, NO2 v Cl2.
Cu 10: Cho m hnh th nghim iu ch v thu kh nh hnh v sau:
Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !
Phng trnh ha hc no sau y ph hp vi m hnh thu kh trn?

A. CaC2 + H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
B. FeS + HCl -> FeCl2 + H2S
C. CH3COONa + NaOH -> CH4 + Na2CO3
D. NaHCO3 + HCl -> NaCl + CO2 + H2O
Cu 11: Cho X l metylamin. Ly 3,1 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl th khi lng mui thu
c l
A. 11,46 gam
B. 12,82 gam
C. 14,38 gam
D. 6,75 gam
Cu 12: Ha tan mt kh X vo nc, thu c dung dch Y. Cho t t dung dch Y n d vo dung
dch ZnSO4 , ban u thy c kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan dn. Kh X l
A. HCl.
B. NO2.
C. SO2.
D. NH3.
Cu 13: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO. B. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
C. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 14: Hon tan ht m gam gm Fe v mt oxit st (FexOy) trong 800ml dung dch HCl 1M (va )
thu c dung dch X v 1,792 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Cho dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3
d thu c 132,08 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 21,5472 gam
B. 25,6 gam
C. 27,52 gam
D. 23,04 gam
Cu 15: X phng ho mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C10H14O6 trong dung dch NaOH (d), thu
c glixerol v hn hp gm ba mui (khng c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc ca ba mui l:
A. CH3-COONa, HCOONa v CH3-CH=CH-COONa.
B. CH2=CH-COONa, CH3-CH2-COONa v HCOONa.
C. CH2=CH-COONa, HCOONa v CHC-COONa.
D. HCOONa, CHC-COONa v CH3-CH2-COONa.
Cu 16: Cc kh c th tn ti trong cng mt hn hp l:
A. NH3 v HCl
B. H2S v Cl2
C. Cl2 v O2
D. HI v O3.
Cu 17: Sn phm ca phn ng nhit phn hon ton AgNO3 l:
A. Ag2O, NO, O2
B. Ag2O, NO2, O2 C. Ag, NO2, O2
D. Ag, NO, O2
Cu 18: Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2. Cht X phn ng c vi kim loi Na
v tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cht Y phn ng c vi kim loi Na v ho tan c CaCO3.
Cng thc ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO.
C. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO.
D. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH.
Cu 19: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Saccaroz lm mt mu nc brom.

B. Amilopectin c cu trc mch phn nhnh.
C. Glucoz b kh bi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3.
D. Xenluloz c cu trc mch phn nhnh.
Cu 20: Cho dy cc oxit sau: SO2, NO2, NO, SO3, P2O5, CO, N2O5, N2O. S oxit trong cc dy tc
dng c vi H2O iu kin thng l
A. 8
B. 5
C. 7
D. 6
Cu 21: C 1 loi oleum X trong SO3 chim 70% theo khi lng. Tnh khi lng nc cn thm
vo 100 gam oleum trn thu c dung dch mi trong H2SO4 chim 80% theo khi lng
A. 16,2.
B. 21,6.
C. 10,8.
D. 8,8.
Cu 22: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta thng iu ch HNO3 t:
A. NH3 v O2
B. NaNO3 v HCl c.
C. NaNO2 v H2SO4
D. NaNO3 v H2SO4 c
Cu 23: Ha tan hon ton 11,2 gam mt kim loi X vo dung dch H2SO4 long d. Sau phn ng
thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). Tn gi ca X l
A. Magie.
B. Km.
C. Canxi.
D. St.
Cu 24: Cho cc hp cht hu c:
(1) ankan; (2) ancol no, n chc, mch h; (3) xicloankan; (4) ete no, n chc, mch h; (5) anken;
(6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h; (7) ankin; (8) anehit no, n chc, mch h;
(9) axit no, n chc, mch h; (10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc.Dy gm cc
cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l:
A. (3),(4), (6),(7),(10).
B. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9).
C. (1),(3), (5),(6),(8).
D. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9).
Cu 25: Mt mu kh thi c sc vo dung dch CuSO4, thy xut hin kt ta mu en. Hin
tng ny do cht no c trong kh thi gy ra?
A. H2S
B. CO2
C. NO2
D. SO2
Cu 26: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit axetic l:
A. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2.
B. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5.
C. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4.
Cu 27: SO2 lun th hin tnh kh trong phn ng vi
A. CaO.
B. nc brom.
C. H2S.
D. dung dch NaOH.
Cu 28: Cho phn ng trng thi cn bng: H2 (k) + Cl2 (k) 2HCl(k)( H<0)
Cn bng s chuyn dch v bn tri, khi tng:
A. Nhit .
B. p sut.
C. Nng kh H2.
D. Nng kh Cl2
Cu 29: Dung dch no sau y lm qu tm chuyn mu xanh?
A. Phenylamoni clorua
B. Etylamin C. Anilin.
D. Glyxin.
Cu 30: S ipeptit ti a c th to ra t mt hn hp gm alanin v glyxin l
A. 1
B. 4
C. 2
D. 3.
Cu 31: Khi cho 100ml dung dch KOH 1M vo 100ml dung dch HCl th phn ng xy ra va .
Nng mol ca HCl trong dung dch dng l
A. 1,0M.
B. 0,25M.
C. 0,5M.
D. 0,75M.
Cu 32: Trng hp khng xy ra phn ng ha hc l:

A. FeCl2 + H2S -> FeS + 2HCl
B. O3 + 2KI + H2O -> 2KOH + I2 + O2
C. 3O2 + 2H2S -> 2H2O + 2SO2
D. Cl2 + 2NaOH -> NaCl + NaClO + H2O.
Cu 33: Cho 18 gam glucoz phn ng hon ton vi AgNO3/ NH3, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca
m l
A. 10,8.
B. 21,6.
C. 32,4.
D. 43,2.
Cu 34: Hn hp kh X gm CH4, C2H2 c M X = 23,5. Trn V(lt) X vi V1(lt) hirocacbon Y c
107,5 gam hn hp kh Z. Trn V1(lt) X vi V(lt) hirocacbon Y c 91,25 gam hn hp kh F. Bit
V1 V = 11,2 (lit) (cc kh u o ktc). Cng thc ca Y l:
A. C3H8
B. C2H6
C. C4H8
D. C3H6
Cu 35: Cho mt s tnh cht: c dng si (1); tan trong nc (2); tan trong nc Svayde (3); phn ng
vi axit nitric c (xc tc axit sunfuric c) (4); tham gia phn ng trng bc (5); b thu phn trong
dung dch axit un nng (6). Cc tnh cht ca xenluloz l:
A. (1), (2), (3) v (4).
B. (3), (4), (5) v (6).
C. (1), (3), (4) v (6).
D. (2), (3), (4) v (5).
Cu 36: ung nng 18 gam CH3COOH vi 13,8 gam C2H5OH c mt H2SO4 c lm xc tc. Sau
phn ng thu c 12,32 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l
A. 92,35%.
B. 35,42%.
C. 70,00%.
D. 46,67%.
Cu 37: Hn hp A gm Fe, Cu, Al, Mg (c t l mol tng ng l 1 : 1 : 2 : 2). Ho tan 22,2 gam hn
hp A cn va 950ml dung dch HNO3 2M sau cc phn ng hon ton thu c dung dch X v
V lit (ktc) hn hp kh Y gm 4 kh N2, NO, N2O, NO2 trong 2 kh N2 v NO2 c s mol bng
nhau. C cn rt cn thn dung dch X thu c 117,2 gam mui khan. Gi tr V l:
A. 8,86
B. 6,72
C. 7,84
D. 5,04
Cu 38: Ancol etylic (d = 0,8 gam/ml) c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu
sut ton b qu trnh 80%. Hp th ton b lng CO2 sinh ra khi ln men tinh bt vo 4 lt dung
dch Ca(OH)2 1M th thu c 320 gam kt ta, lc b kt ta, un nng dung dch thu c thy
xut hin thm kt ta. Th tch ancol etylic 460thu c l
A. 0,48 lt.
B. 0,75 lt.
C. 0,40 lt.
D. 0,60 lt.
Cu 39: Cho 5,8 gam mui FeCO3 tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 va , thu c hn hp kh cha
CO2, NO v dung dch X. Cho dung dch HCl d vo dung dch X c dung dch Y, dung dch Y
ny ha tan c ti a m gam Cu, sinh ra sn phm kh NO duy nht. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 9,6 gam
B. 16 gam
C. 14,4 gam
D. 11,2 gam
37
Cu 40: Trong t nhin ng v Cl chim 24,23% s nguyn t clo. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca
clo bng 35,5. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca 37Cl c trong HClO4 l (vi 1H, 16O):
A. 9,82%.
B. 8,65%.
C. 8,92%.
D. 8,56%.
Cu 41: Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly vi Gly-Ala l
A. dung dch NaOH.
B. dung dch HCl.
C. dung dch NaCl.
D. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim.

Cu 42: Cho 32,25 gam mt mui c cng thc phn t l CH7O4NS tc dng ht vi 750 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M un nng thy thot ra cht kh lm xanh qu tm m v thu c dung dch X ch
cha cc cht v c. C cn dung dch X thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn khan?
A. 45,5
B. 30,0
C. 50,0
D. 35,5
Cu 43: Khi nung nng hn hp cc cht Fe(NO3)2, Fe(OH)3 v FeCO3 trong khng kh n khi
lng khng i, thu c mt cht rn l:
A. FeO
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe
D. Fe3O4
Cu 44: Cho m gam hn hp X gm mt peptit A v mt amino axit B ( MA > 4MB) c trn theo t
l mol 1 : 1 tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va thu c dung dch Y cha (m + 12,24)
gam hn hp mui natri ca glyxin v alanin. Dung dch Y phn ng ti a vi 360 ml dung dch
HCl 2M thu c dung dch Z cha 63,72 gam hn hp mui. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Kt
lun no sau y ng?
A. A c 5 lin kt peptit.
B. B c thnh phn phn trm khi lng nit l 15,73%.
C. T l s phn t glyxin v alanin trong phn t A l 3 : 2.
D. A c thnh phn trm khi lng nit l 20,29%.
Cu 45: Cho 33,2 gam hn hp A gm Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)3, Cu tc dng hon ton vi dung dch cha
0,48mol H2SO4 (long) th thu c kh NO duy nht v dung dch B ch cha 2 mui sunfat. C cn
B thu c m gam mui khan. m c gi tr gn nht l:
A. 75,9
B. 64,4
C. 67,8
D. 65, 6
Cu 46: E l mt este 3 chc, mch h. un nng 7,9 gam E vi dung dch NaOH d, n khi phn
ng hon ton thu c ancol X v 8,6 gam hn hp mui Y. Tch nc t X c th thu c
propenal. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 thu c 3 axit hu no, mch h, n chc (trong 2
axit c khi lng phn t nh l ng phn ca nhau). Cng thc phn t ca axit c khi lng phn
t ln hn l:
A. C5H10O2
B. C7H14O2
C. C6H12O2
D. C5H12O2
Cu 47: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc Y
(c mch cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N2 (o
trong cng iu kin). t chy 8,64 gam hn hp axit trn thu c 11,44 gam CO2. Phn trm khi
lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l :
A. 65,15%
B. 27,78%
C. 72,22%
D. 35,25%
Cu 48: Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. Dung dch NaF phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 sinh ra AgF kt ta
B. Iot c bn knh nguyn t ln hn brom
C. Flo c tnh oxi ha yu hn clo.
D. Axit HBr c tnh axit yu hn axit HCl
Cu 49: Cacbohirat nht thit phi cha nhm chc ca
A. ancol.
B. xeton
C. amin.
D. anehit.
Cu 50: Trung ho 5,4 gam X gm CH3COOH, CH2=CHCOOH, C6H5OH v C6H5COOH cn dng Vml dung dch NaOH
0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 6,94 gam hn hp cht rn
khan. Gi tr ca V l.
A. 450 ml
B. 350 ml
C. 900 ml
D. 700 ml

P N V GII CHI TIT S 1
Cu 1: p n : C
Cu 2: p n : C
C3H7NO2 + NaOH H2NCH2COONa + Z
=> Z l CH3OH ( X l H2NCH2COOCH3)
Vi Y to ra CH2=CHCOONa
=> Y l CH2=CHCOONH4 => T l NH3
Cu 3: p n : B
Tinh bt -> X => X l C6H12O6
X + H2 -> Y => Y l Sobitol
Cu 4: p n : C
Bo ton O : 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O
=> nO2 = 0,65 mol
=> V = 14,56 lit
Cu 5: p n : A
Cu 6: p n : D
Dng tng qut :
COOH + NaOH -> COONa + H2O
2COOH + Ca(OH)2 -> (COO)2Ca + 2H2O
Bo ton khi lng : mmui Na maxit = (23 1)nCOOH
V mmui Ca maxit = (20 1)nCOOH
=> nCOOH = (a m)/22 = (b m)/19
=> 3m = 22b 19a
Cu 7: p n : C
Cu 8: p n : A
Cu 9: p n : B
Fe + H2SO4 long -> H2;
Nhit phn KNO3 -> O2 ; KMnO4 + HClc -> Cl2

Cu 10: p n : A
Kh phi i qua NaOH v H2O nn kh ny khng c phn ng vi NaOH v H2O hoc tan trong 2
dung dch trn. Mt khc th nghim trn khng cn un nng nn khng th l phn ng vi ti
xt
Cu 11: p n : D
CH3NH2 + HCl -> CH3NH3Cl
=> mmui = 6,75g
Cu 12: p n : D
NH3 + H2O -> NH4+ + OH-;
Zn2+ + 2OH- -> Zn(OH)2 ; Zn(OH)2 + 4NH3 -> Zn(NH3)4(OH)2
Cu 13: p n : C
Xt trc ht v khi lng mol ( cng ln th nhit si cng tng )
Nu khi lng mol tng ng th xt kh nng to lin kt hidro lin phn t
( axit > ancol > andehit )
Cu 14: p n : D
nH2 = 0,08 mol < nHCl = 0,8 mol => Fe phn ng ht vi HCl to Fe2+
Fe2+ + Ag+ -> Fe3+ + Ag
Ag+ + Cl- -> AgCl
,mkt ta = mAg + mAgCl => nAg = 0,16 mol
=> nAg = nFe2+ = 0,16 mol => nFeO = 0,08 mol
Nu l FeO -> nHCl = 2nFe + 2nFeO = 0,32 mol < nHCl

=> oxit l Fe3O4 vi s mol l 0,08 mol
=> m = 23,04g
Cu 15: p n : B
Tng (pi + vng) = 4 => trong gc hydrocacbon s c 1 lin kt pi
=> Loi C ; D
Xt 2 p n A v B. V cc mui khng c ng phn hnh hc => Loi A
Cu 16: p n : C
Cu 17: p n : C
Cu 18: p n : A
X + Na v X trng bc => X l HOCH2CHO
X + Na v CaCO3 => X l axit : CH3COOH
Cu 19: p n : B
Saccarozo khng lm mt mu nc brom
Glucozo b oxi ha bi AgNO3/NH3
Xenlulozo c cu trc mch thng

Cu 20: p n : B
Cc oxit tha mn : SO2 ; NO2 ; SO3 ; P2O5 ; N2O5
Cu 21: p n : C
Xt 100g Oleum c 70g SO3 v 30g H2SO4
Khi ha tan vo nc thu c dung dch c H2SO4 chim 80%
Gi s mol H2O tham gia l x = s mol H2SO4 (sinh ra) dd mi c (98x + 30) gam H2SO4.
(98x + 30) : (100+ 18x) = 0,8 x = 0,6 mol mH2O = 10,8g
Cu 22: p n : D
Cu 23: p n : D
Nu ha tr ca X l n. bo ton e :
2nH2 = n.nX => nX = 0,4/x (mol)
=> MX = 28n; Vi n = 2 th MX = 56(Fe) (TM)
Cu 24: p n : B
Cc cht c 1 lin kt pi hoc 1 vng n trong phn t s tha mn iu kin bi.
Cu 25: p n : A
H2S + CuSO4 -> CuS en + H2SO4
Cu 26: p n : A
Cu 27: p n : B
Cu 28: p n : A
Cn bng s chuyn dch sang tri khi tng nhit
V phn ng thun ta nhit nn t0 tng th chuyn dch theo chiu thun
Cu 29: p n : B
Cu 30: p n : B
Cc peptit : Gly-Gly ; Ala-Ala ; Gly-Ala ; Ala-Gly
Cu 31: p n : A
Phn ng va : nNaOH = nHCl = 0,1 mol
=> CM(HCl) = 1M
Cu 32: p n : A
V FeS tan trong HCl
Cu 33: p n : B
Glucozo -> 2Ag
=> nAg = 2nGlucozo = 0,2 mol=> m = 21,6g
Cu 34: p n : C

V1 V = 11,2 => n1 n = 0,5 mol
+) n.MX + n1.MY = 107,5
=> 23,5n +MY.(n + 0,5) = 107,5 (1)
+)n1.MX + n.MY = 91,25
=> (n + 0,5).23,5 + nMY = 91,25
(2)
Ly (1) (2) : 0,5MY = 28 => MY = 56 (C4H8)

Cu 35: p n : C
Cu 36: p n : D
nCH3COOC2H5 = 0,14 mol
,naxit = 0,3 mol = nancol = 0,3 mol=> H% = 0,14/0,3 = 46,67%
Cu 37: p n : D
Ta c : nFe : nCu : nAl : nMg =1 : 1 : 2 : 2
=> nFe = nCu = 0,1 ; nAl = nMg = 0,2 mol
4 kh trong N2 v NO2 c s mol bng nhau
=> c th qui v N2O v NO vi s mol ln lt l x v y
,nNO3 mui KL = ne KL = 3nFe + 2nCu + 3nAl + 2nMg = 1,5 mol
=> mmui = mKL + mNO3 mui KL + mNH4NO3 => nNH4NO3 = 0,025 mol
Bo ton N : 2nN2O + nNO + 2nNH4NO3 + nNO3 mui KL = nHNO3
=> 2x + y = 0,35 mol
Bo ton e : 8nN2O + 3nNO + 8nNH4NO3 = ne KL
=> 8x + 3y = 1,3
=> x = 0,125 ; y = 0,1 mol => V = 5,04 lit
Cu 38: p n : D
V khi un ln th dung dch vn cn kt ta xut hin
=> Ca(OH)2 ht
,nCaCO3 = 3,2 mol. Bo ton Ca : nCa(OH)2 = nCaCO3 + nCa(HCO3)2
=> nCa(HCO3)2 = 0,8 mol
Bo ton C : nCO2 = nCaCO3 + 2nCa(HCO3)2 = 4,8 mol => nC2H5OH = nCO2 = 4,8 mol
=> mC2H5OH = 220,8g => VC2H5OH = 276 ml
=> Vru = 600 ml = 0,6 lit
Cu 39: p n : B
X gm c : 0,05 mol Fe(NO3)3

=> Y c thm HCl
Khi cho Cu vo :
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- -> 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
Cu + 2Fe3+ -> Cu2+ + 2Fe2+
=> nCu p = 1,5nNO3 + 0,5nFe3+ = 0,25 mol
=> m = 16g
Cu 40: p n : C
Cu 41: p n : D
Ch tripeptit tr ln mi c phn ng mu biure
Cu 42: p n : A
Cht ban u + NaOH => mui v c v kh lm m qu tm
=> c th l mui ca amin
Cng thc ph hp : CH3NH3HSO4 (X)
=> nX = 0,25 mol ; nNaOH = 0,75 mol => cht rn gm : 0,25 mol Na2SO4 v 0,25 mol NaOH
=> mrn =
45,5g
Cu 43: p n : B
Cu 44: p n : A
Trong Y: NH2-CH2-COONa (a mol) v NH2-CH(CH3)-COONa (b mol) =>nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0,72
mmui = 110,5a + 124,5b + 58,5(a+b) = 63,72 =>a = 27/175 v b = 36/175 => nGly : nAla = 3 : 4 Nu A l
(Gly)3(Ala)3 v B l Ala th A v B u ng nn loi. Nu A l (Gly)2(Ala)4 v B l Gly => A ng
Cu 45: p n : C
Gi s mol cc cht trong A ln lt l x ; y ; z
.mA = 232x + 242y + 64z = 33,2g
+) Nu dung dch sau phn ng cha Fe2(SO4)3 v CuSO4
=> B c : (1,5x + 0,5y) mol Fe2(SO4)3 v z mol CuSO4
=> nH2SO4 = 4,5x + 1,5y + z = 0,48 mol
V sau phn ng ch cha 2 mui => H+ v NO3- u ht v NO3 -> NO
10

Bo ton e : 3nNO3 = nFe3O4 + 2nCu => 9y = x + 2z
=> x = 0,06 ; y = 0,04 ; z = 0,15 mol
=> mmui = 68g
Cu 46: p n : A
V Y gm 3 mui khc nhau => ancol X l triol
Mag khi tch nc thu c propenal CH2=CH-CHO => ancol l C3H5(OH)3
Xt tng qut : 1 mol C3H5 -> 3 mol Na
=> mmui meste = (3.23 41)neste => neste = 0,025 mol
=> ME = 316g.
V trong Y c 2 mui ca 2 axit l ng phn ca nhau

=> 2R1 + R2 + 44.3 + 41 = 316
=> 2R1 + R2 = 143
V R1 < R2 => R1 < 47,67 < R2
+) R1 = 15 => R2 = 113 ;
+) R1 = 29 => R2 = 85 ;
+) R1 = 43 => R2 = 57 (C4H9) c trong p n
Cu 47: p n : B
Cu 48: p n : B
AgF tan; Flo c tnh oxi ha mnh hn Clo; HBr c tnh axit mnh hn HCl
Cu 49: p n : A
Cu 50: p n : D
Ta thy c 1 mol H i thnh 1 mol Na trong mui
11

=> (23 1)nNaOH = mmui - mX=> nNaOH = 0,07 mol =>V = 0,7 lit = 700 ml
12

MN HA HC LN 2
Cu 1. trng thi c bn, nguyn t Al ( Z = 13) c s electron lp ngoi cng l
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
2
2
6
2
1
Cu hnh electron: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p c 3electron lp ngoi cng C
Cu 2. Lin kt ha hc gia cc nguyn t trong phn t HCl thuc loi lin kt
A. cng ha tr khng cc
B. ion
C. cng ha tr c cc
D. hiro
y l lin kt gia 2 nguyn t phi kim lin kt CHT phn cc C
Cu 3. Cho cc phng trnh phn ng:
(a) Fe + Cl2 FeCl3.
(b) NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O.
(c) CuO + CO Cu + CO2.
(d) AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3.
Trong cc phn ng trn, s phn ng oxi ha - kh l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cc phn ng oxi ha kh l (a) v (c) A
Cu 4. Cho phng trnh phn ng aAl +bHNO3
cAl(NO3)3 + dNO + eH2O. T l a : b l
A. 1 : 3
B. 2 : 3
C. 2 : 5
D. 1 : 4
Cn bng: Al + 4HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O D
Cu 5. Cho cc cn bng ha hc sau:
2HI (k).
N2O4 (k).
(a) H2 (k) + I2 (k)
(b) 2NO2 (k)
2NH3 (k).
(c) 3H2 (k) + N2 (k)
2SO3 (k).
(d) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)
nhit khng i, khi thay i p sut chung ca mi h cn bng, cn bng ha hc no trn

khng b chuyn dch?
A. (a).
B. (c).
C. (b).
D. (d).
Cn bng (a) c s mol kh 2 bn bng nhau khng ph thuc vo P A
Cu 6. Thc hin th nghim ha tan vi (CaCO3) bng dung dch HCl, bin php no sau y c
th lm tng tc phn ng?
A. H nhit xung
B. Gim nng ca dung dch HCl
C. Tng th tch ca dung dch HCl
D. Nghin nh vi
Khi nghin nh vi s lm tng din tch tip xc s lm tng tc phn ng D
Cu 7. Gi tr pH ca dung dch H2SO4 0,05M l:
A. 1
B. 13
C. 7
D. 5
+
[H ] = 2.0,05 = 0,1M pH = 1 A
13

Cu 8. Mt dung dch gm: 0,01 mol Na+; 0,02 mol Ca2+; 0,02 mol HCO3 v a mol ion X (b qua s
in li ca nc). Ion X v gi tr ca a l
A. NO3 v 0,03.
B. Cl v 0,01.
C. CO32 v 0,03.
D. OH v 0,03.
V trong dung dch c ion Ca2+ loi C (v c ion CO32- c th kt ta vi Ca2+)
V trong dung dch c ion HCO3- loi D (v c ion OH- c th tc dng vi HCO3-)
Vy X c th l NO3- hoc Cl-. p dng nh lut bo ton in tch ta c: 0,01.1 + 0,02.2 = 0,02.1 +
a.1 a = 0,03 A
Cu 9. trung ha 20 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M cn 10 ml dung dch NaOH nng x mol/l. Gi tr
ca x l:
A. 0,1
B. 0,2
C. 0,3
D. 0,4
Phng trinh ha hc: HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
s mol NaOH = s mol HCl = 0,002 (mol) x = 0,2M B
Cu 10. Kim loi no sau y khng tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long?
A. Na
B. Al
C. Mg
D. Cu
p n D v Cu ng sau H trong dy hot ng ha hc
Cu 11. Kh X c th lm c nc vi trong, dng cha chy v sn xut thuc gim au d
dy, X l kh no sau y?
A. CO2
B. N2
C. CO
D. CH4
p n A
Cu 12. Cho 5,6 gam Fe tc dng vi kh Cl2 d th thu c m gam mui, gi tr ca m l:
A. 16,25
B. 12,7
C. 9,15 gam
D. 32,5
Phng trnh phn ng: 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3
s mol FeCl3 = s mol Fe = 0,1 m = 16,25 gam A
Cu 13. Cho este no, n chc, mch h c cng thc CnHmO2. Mi quan h gia n vi m l
A. m = 2n + 1.
B. m = 2n.
C. m = 2n - 2.
D. m = 2n + 2.
Este no, n chc, mch h c k = 1 m = 2n B
Cu 14. t chy hon ton 2,8 gam hp cht hu c X th thu c 0,2 mol CO2 v 3,6 gam hi
nc, CTPT ca X c th l:
A. CH2
B. C2H4
C. C2H4O
D. CH2O
S mol CO2 = 0,2 nC = 0,2 (mol) mC = 2,4 (gam)
S mol H2O = 0,2 nH = 0,4 (mol) mH = 0,4 (gam)
mC + mH = 2,8 gam = mX X khng c O loi C v D
Mt khc loi A v khng tha mn ha tr p n B
Cu 15. Hirocacbon X mch h c CTPT l C5H12, cho X tc dng vi kh Cl2 (a/s) th ch thu c 1
sn phm monoclo duy nht. Tn gi ca X l:
A. pentan
B. 2-metylbutan
C. 2,2-imetylpropan
D. butan
V X tc dng vi kh Cl2 (a/s) th ch thu c 1 sn phm monoclo duy nht X c CTCT i
xng C
Cu 16. Hp th hon ton 1 lng anken X vo bnh ng nc brom th thy khi lng bnh tng
5,6 gam v c 16 gam brom tham gia phn ng. S CTCT ca X l:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
14

khi lng bnh tng = manken = 5,6 gam
nBr2 = 0,1 mol = nanken Manken = 56 CTPT l C4H8
Cc CTCT: CH3-CH=CH-CH3; CH2=CH-CH2-CH3; CH2=C(CH3)-CH3 C
Cu 17. Cho 6 gam ancol X (no, n chc, mach h, bc I) tc dng vi kim loi Na d th thu c
1,12 lit kh H2 (ktc). Tn gi ca X l:
A. ancol etylic
B. ancol metylic
C. ancol propylic
D. ancol isopropylic
Gi CT ca X l R-OH, phng trnh ha hc l: ROH + Na RONa + H2
nancol = 2nH2 = 0,1 mol Mancol = 60 R = 43 (C3H7) ancol l CH3-CH2-CH2-OH C
Cu 18. Phenol (C6H5OH) khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Na
B. NaOH
C. Br2 (dung dch)
D. NaHCO3
Phenol phn ng c vi Na v c nhm OH
Phenol phn ng c vi NaOH v c tnh axit
Phenol phn ng c vi Br2 to kt ta v c phn ng th vo vng
p n D.
Cu 19. Cho 6 gam HCHO tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3, sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 43,2
B. 86,4
C. 21,6
D. 32,4
S phn ng: 1HCHO 4Ag
nAg = 0,8 mol m = 86,4 gam B
Cu 20. Cho anehit fomic phn ng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, nun nng) th thu c
A. CH3COOH.
B. HCOOH.
C. CH3CH2OH.
D. CH3OH.
Phng trnh phn ng: HCHO + H2 CH3-OH D
Cu 21. Dung dch axit acrylic (CH2=CH-COOH) khng phn ng c vi cht no sau y?
A. Na2CO3.
B. Mg(NO3)2.
C. Br2.
D. NaOH.
Axit acrylic phn ng c vi Na2CO3, NaOH v c nhm COOH; phn ng c vi Br2 v c
lin kt i B
Cu 22: Trung ha 2,76 gam axit cacboxylic X n chc bng dung dch NaOH, thu c 3,772 gam
mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H7COOH.
B. CH3-COOH
C. H-COOH.
D. C2H5COOH
Gi CT ca X l R-COOH, phng trnh ha hc l: R-COOH + NaOH R-COONa + H2O
naxit = nmui 2,76/(R + 45) = 3,772/(R + 67) R = 15 (CH3) B
Cu 23. Este X c CTPT l C4H8O2. Khi thy phn X trong mi trng axit th thu c 2 cht hu c
c s cacbon bng nhau. Tn gi ca X l:
A. metyl propionat
B. propyl fomat
C. isopropyl fomat D. etyl axetat
R-COO-R + H2O R-COOH + R-OH axit v ancol u c 2 cacbon
axit l CH3-COOH v ancol l C2H5OH este l CH3-COO-C2H5 D
Cu 24. Thy phn hon ton 8,84 gam triolein bng dung dch NaOH d th thu c m gam mui.
Gi tr ca m l:
A. 9,12
B. 3,04
C. 9,18
D. 3,06
Olein l (C17H33COO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH 3C17H33COONa + C3H5(OH)3
0,01
0,03
15

m = 9,12 gam A
Cu 25. Cht tc dng vi H2 to thnh sobitol l
A. saccaroz.
B. xenluloz.
C. tinh bt.
D. glucoz.
p n D. C6H12O6 + H2 C6H14O6 (sobitol)
Cu 26. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Fructoz v glucoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc;
(2) Saccaroz v tinh bt u khng b thy phn khi c axit H2SO4 (long) lm xc tc;
(3) Tinh bt c to thnh trong cy xanh nh qu trnh quang hp;
(4) Xenluloz v saccaroz u thuc loi isaccarit;
Pht biu ng l
A. (3) v (4).
B. (1) v (3).
C. (1) v (2).
D. (2) v (4).
(2) sai v c saccarozo v tinh bt u c phn ng thy phn
(4) sai v saccarozo l issaccarit nhng xenlulozo l polisaccarit
B
Cu 27. S ng phn cu to bc I ca amin c CTPT C3H9N l :
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cc CTCT : CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 v CH3-CH(NH2)-CH3 B
Cu 28. C bao nhiu ipeptit (mch h) khi thu phn hon ton u thu c sn phm gm
alanin v glyxin ?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 6
D. 4
V sn phm c alanin v glyxin nn ipeptit c 1 mt xch ala v 1 mt xch gly
C 2 CT: Ala-gly v gly-ala B
Cu 29. Polime no sau y trong thnh phn cha nguyn t nit?
A. Poli(vinyl clorua).
B. Polibutaien. C. Nilon-6,6.
D. Polietilen.
A. l (C2H3Cl)n ; B l (C4H6)n ; C l (-OC-(CH2)4-CO-HN-(CH2)6-NH-)n ; D l (C2H4)n C
Cu 30. Cc polime thuc loi t nhn to l
A. t visco v t nilon-6,6.
B. t tm v t vinilon.
C. t nilon-6,6 v t capron.
D. t visco v t xenluloz axetat.
p n D (cu ny cn nh)
Cu 31. Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
(a) Cho l Fe vo dung dch gm CuSO4 v H2SO4 long;
(b) t dy Fe trong bnh ng kh O2;
(c) Cho l Cu vo dung dch gm Fe(NO3)3 v HNO3;
(d) Cho l Zn vo dung dch HCl;
S th nghim c xy ra n mn in ha l
A. 3
B. 2
C. 1
D. 4
iu kin c n mn in ha l phi c 2 kim loi (hoc 1 kim loi v 1 phi kim) tip xc ci
nhau v tip xc vi 1 dung dch in li.
(a) c v Fe + CuSO4 Cu + FeSO4, Cu sinh ra bm vo l st.
(b) khng v ch c 1 kim loi v khng c dung dch in li
(c) khng v ch c 1 kim loi
(d) khng v ch c 1 kim loi
16

C
Cu 32. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Trong cc phn ng ha hc, flo ch th hin tnh oxi ha.
(b) Axit flohiric l axit yu.
(c) Dung dch NaF long c dng lm thuc chng su rng.
(d) Trong hp cht, cc halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) u c s oxi ha: -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7.
(e) Tnh kh ca cc ion halogenua tng dn theo th t: F, Cl, Br, I.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Pht biu ng l a, b, c, e D
(d) sai v F khng c s oxi ha dng
Cu 33. Ha tan ht 0,2 mol FeO bng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng (d), thu c kh SO2 (sn phm
kh duy nht). Hp th hon ton kh SO2 sinh ra trn vo dung dch cha 0,07 mol KOH v 0,06
mol NaOH, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,32.
B. 12,18.
C. 19,71.
D. 22,34.
p dung nh lut bo ton electron nSO2 = 0,1 mol.
Li c tng s mol OH- = 0,13 mol phn ng to ra c mui HSO3- v mui SO32-.
Phng trnh ha hc:
SO2 + OH- HSO3a
a
a
SO2 + 2OH- SO32- + H2O
b
2b
b
Ta c h phng trnh: a + b = 0,1 v a + 2b = 0,13 a = 0,07 v b = 0,03 (mol)
Khi lng mui = tng khi lng ca cc ion: K+, Na+, HSO3- v SO32 m = 0,07.39 + 0,06.23 + 0,07.81 + 0,03.80 = 12,18 gam B
Cu 34. Ha tan hon ton 24 gam hn hp X gm MO, M(OH)2 v MCO3 (M l kim loi c ha tr
khng i) trong 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 39,2%, thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch Y ch
cha mt cht tan duy nht c nng 39,41%. Kim loi M l
A. Zn.
B. Ca.
C. Mg.
D. Cu.
Cc phng trnh ha hc:
MO + H2SO4 MSO4 + H2O
M(OH)2 + H2SO4 MSO4 + 2H2O
MCO3 + H2SO4 MSO4 + H2O + CO2
V dung dch Y ch cha 1 cht tan duy nht l MSO4 H2SO4 phn ng va
nMSO4 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 (mol) mMSO4 = 0,4(M + 96) gam
Li c mddY = 24 + 100 mCO2 = 121,8 gam C% = 0,4(M + 96)/121,8.100% = 39,41%
M = 24 (Mg) C
Cu 35. Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH.
B. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
C. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
Nhit si gim dn theo chiu: axit > ancol > amin > cc cht khc (este, anehit, xeton, ete,
17

hidrocacbon, v nhit si ca cc cht ny t l thun vi M) C
Cu 36. Trong cc cht: stiren, axit acrylic, axit axetic, vinylaxetilen, etanol v butan, s cht c kh
nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Gm c cc cht c lin kt i C=C, lin kt ba CC hoc lin kt i C=O (trong anehit v
xeton) c stiren (C6H5-CH=CH2), axit acrylic (CH2=CH-COOH), vinylaxetilen (CHC-CH=CH2)
D
Cu 37. Cho hnh v m t th nghim iu ch kh Y t dung dch X:
Hnh v trn minh ha phn ng iu ch cht Y no sau y?

A. NH3
B. HCl.
C. C2H4
D. C2H5OH
T hnh v trn suy ra kh Y phi khng tan trong nc ch c C tha mn.
Cu 38. Cht X c cng thc phn t C6H8O4 . Cho 1 mol X phn ng ht vi dung dch NaOH, thu
c cht Y v 2 mol cht Z. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c imetyl ete. Cht Y phn
ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c ch t T. Cho T phn ng vi HBr, thu c hai sn
phm l ng phn cu to ca nhau. Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Cht T khng c ng phn hnh hc.
B. Cht X phn ng vi H2 (Ni, to) theo t l mol 1 : 3.
C. Cht Y c cng thc phn t C4H4O4Na2.
D. Cht Z lm mt mu nc brom.
un Z vi H2SO4 c thu c imetyl ete Z l CH3OH, m 1 mol X + NaOH thu c 2 mol Z
X l este 2 chc c dng R(COOCH3)2 CTCT ca X l C2H2(COOCH3)2 CTCT ca Y l
C2H2(COONa)2 v ca T l C2H2(COOH)2. M T + HBr thu c 2 sn phm T c cu to khng
i xng CTCT ca T l CH2=C(COOH)2 CTCT ca X l CH2=C(COOCH3)2
A
Cu 39. Ch dng Cu(OH)2 (mi trng v nhit t chn) c th phn bit c tt c cc dung
dch ring bit no sau y ?
A. glucoz, mantoz, glixerol, anehit axetic.
B. lng trng trng, glucoz, fructoz, glixerol.
C. saccaroz, glixerol, anehit axetic, ancol etylic.
D. glucoz, lng trng trng, glixerol, ancol etylic.
p n D.
Cho Cu(OH)2 nhit thng vo 4 dung dch th c glucozo v glixerol (nhm I) to ra dung
18

dch mu xanh cn lng trng trng v ancol etylic (nhm II) khng c hin tng g.
Cho nhm (I) tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim, un nng th c glucozo to kt ta
gch cn glixerol khng c hin tng g
Cho nhm (II) tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim, un nng th c lng trng trng
to thnh mu tm cn glixerol khng c hin tng g
Cu 40. Tri cy c bo qun lu hn trong mi trng v trng. Trong thc t, ngi ta s dng
nc ozon bo qun tri cy. ng dng trn da vo tnh cht no sau y?
A. Ozon tr v mt ho hc.
B. Ozon l cht kh c mi c trng.
C. Ozon l cht c tnh oxi ho mnh. D. Ozon khng tc dng c vi nc.
Ozon c tnh oxi ha mnh nn c kh nng st trng v ozon li khng to ra cht c hi do
ozon dng kh trng cho cc loi thc phm nh hoa qu, tht, c, .... C
Cu 41. Hai cht hu c X v Y, thnh phn nguyn t u gm C, H, O, c cng s nguyn t
cacbon (MX < MY). Khi t chy hon ton mi cht trong oxi d u thu c s mol H2O bng s
mol CO2. Cho 0,1 mol hn hp gm X v Y phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, thu c 28,08 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 39,66%.
B. 60,34%.
C. 21,84%.
D. 78,16%.
V t chy X v Y u thu c s mol CO2 = s mol H2O c k = 1.
Cho 0,1 mol hn hp X v Y trng bc thu c 0,26 mol Ag c 1 cht l HCHO
v 2 cht c cng s C cht cn li cng c 1 cacbon, m n phi cha oxi v c k = 1 ch c
th l axit HCOOH.
Vy X l HCHO (a mol) v Y l HCOOH (b mol) a + b = 0,1 (1)
Li c: HCHO 4Ag v HCOOH 2Ag
tng s mol Ag = 4a + 2b = 0,26 a = 0,03 v b = 0,07 (mol)
%X = 21,84% C
Cu 42. Cho cc hp cht hu c :
(1) ankan;
(2) ancol no, n chc, mch h;
(3) xicloankan;
(4) ete no, n chc, mch h;
(5) anken;
(6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h;
(7) ankin;
(8) anehit no, n chc, mch h;
(9) axit no, n chc, mch h;
(10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc.
Dy gm cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l :
A. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9)
B. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10)
C. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9)
D. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8)
Cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O Cc cht c k = 1
gm: xicloankan (CnH2n); anken (CnH2n); ancol khng no, mch h, c 1 lin kt i (CnH2nO);
anehit no, n chc, h (C2H2nO); axit no, n chc, h (C2H2nO2) A
Cu 43. Cho cc nhn xt sau:
(1). C th to c ti a 2 ipeptit t phn ng trng ngng hn hp Alanin v Glyxin
(2). Khc vi axt axetic, axt amino axetic c th tham gia phn ng vi axit HCl hoc phn ng
trng ngng
(3). Ging vi axt axetic, aminoaxt c th tc dng vi baz to mui v nc
19

(4). Axt axetic v axt -amino glutaric c th lm i mu qu tm thnh
(5). Thy phn khng hon ton peptit: Gly-Phe-Tyr-Gly-Lys-Gly-Phe-Tyr c th thu c 6 tripeptit
c cha Gly
(6). Cho HNO3 c vo ng nghim cha anbumin thy to dung dch mu tm
S nhn xt ng l
A. 5
B. 3
C. 6
D. 4
(1) sai v c th to ra 4 ipeptit : Ala-Ala ; Gly-gly ; Ala-Gly ; Gly-Ala
(2) ng
(3) ng
(4) ng (axit -amino glutaric c CTCT l HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH)
(5) sai v khi ct 3 mt xch cnh nhau s thu c 6 tripeptit u cha Gly nhng c 2 tripeptit
trng nhau do ch thu c c 5 loi.
(6) sai v to ra kt ta mu vng.
B
Cu 44. Cho tt c cc ng phn mch h (trong phn t ch cha cc loi nhm chc: axit, este,
ancol, anehit, xeton) c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 ln lt tc dng vi: Na, NaOH,
NaHCO3. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 6.
C 3 ng phn tha mn l CH3COOH, HCOOCH3 v HO-CH2-CHO. Cc phn ng:
(1) CH3-COOH + Na CH3-COONa + H2
(2) CH3-COOH + NaOH CH3-COONa + H2O
(3) CH3-COOH + NaHCO3 CH3-COONa + H2O + CO2
(4) HCOOCH3 + NaOH H-COONa + CH3OH
(5) HO-CH2-CHO + Na NaO-CH2-CHO + H2
B
Cu 45. Hn hp X gm FeCl2 v NaCl c t l mol tng ng l 1: 2. Ha tan hon ton 2,44 gam X
vo nc, thu c dung dch Y. Cho Y phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c m
gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,87
B. 5,74
C. 6,82
D. 10,80
Gi s mol ca FeCl2 l a s mol NaCl = 2a (mol)
127a + 58,5.2a = 2,44 a = 0,01 mol
Cc phng trnh ha hc:
Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
0,04
0,04
+
2+
Ag + Fe Ag + Fe3+
0,01 0,01
m = mAgCl + mAg = 6,82 gam C
Cu 46. Thu phn hon ton 0,1 mol peptit A mch h (to bi cc amino axit c mt nhm amino
v mt nhm cacboxylic) bng lng dung dch NaOH gp i lng cn phn ng, c cn dung
dch thu c hn hp cht rn tng so vi khi lng A l 78,2gam. S lin kt peptit trong A l
A. 20
B. 10
C. 9
D. 19
20

Nhn xt: Gi s A c x mt xch Khi A tc dng vi NaOH th lun xy ra theo phn ng sau
(khng ph thuc vo s mt xch ca A):
1A + xNaOH mui + 1H2O
0,1
0,1.x
0,1
mNaOH phn ng = 0,1x mol mNaOH ban u = 0,2x mol
Bo ton khi lng ta c: mA + mNaOH b = mrn + mH2O
mNaOH mH2O = mrn mA = 78,2 40.0,2x 0,1.18 = 78,2 x = 10 s lin kt = 9 C
Cu 47. C 500 ml dung dch X cha Na+, NH4+, CO32- v SO42-. Ly 100 ml dung dch X tc dng vi
lng d dung dch HCl thu c 2,24 lt kh. Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho tc dng vi lng d dung
dch BaCl2 thu c 43 gam kt ta. Ly 200 ml dung dch X tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu
c 8,96 lt kh NH3. Cc phn ng hon ton, cc th tch kh u o ktc. khi lng mui c trong
300 ml X l
A. 71,4 gam.
B. 23,8 gam.
C. 47,6 gam.
D.119 gam
gi s trong 100ml dung dch X c Na+ (a mol); NH4+ (b mol); CO32- (c mol); SO42- (d mol)
TN1: CO32- + 2H+ CO2 + H2O
c
c c = 0,1 mol
22+
TN2: CO3 + Ba BaCO3
c
c
SO42- + Ba2+ BaSO4
d
d 197c + 233d = 43 d = 0,1 mol
+
TN3: NH4 + OH NH3 + H2O
2b
2b 2b = 0,4 b = 0,2 mol
Bo ton in tch ta c: a + b = 2c + 2d a = 0,2 mol
trong 300 ml dung dch c Na+ (0,6 mol); NH4+ (0,6 mol); CO32- (0,3 mol); SO42- (0,3 mol)
mmui = tng khi lng cc ion = 23.0,6 + 18.0,6 + 60.0,3 + 96.0,3 = 71,4 gam A
Cu 48: Khi sc t t n d CO2 vo dung dch hn hp gm a mol NaOH v b mol Ca(OH)2, kt
qu th nghim c biu din trn th sau:
nCaCO3
0,5
0,5
1,4
nCO2
T l b : a l:
A. 5 : 1
B. 5 : 4
C. 5 : 2
D. 5 : 3
Cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra theo th t nh sau:
(1) CO2 + 2OH- CO32- + H2O
(2) CO32- + CO2 + H2O 2HCO3Lc u, khi nCO2 tng dn th s mol ion CO32- cng tng dn s mol kt ta tng do phn ng:
21

CO32- + Ca2+ CaCO3
s mol kt ta = s mol CO32- v s mol kt ta cc i = s mol ion Ca2+
s nol Ca2+ = 0,5 mol b = 0,5
Ta thy th c 1 on nm ngang, on ny, s mol kt ta khng i lc ny vn xy ra
phn ng (1) nhng ion Ca2+ kt ta ht ri
Sau khi OH- ht th bt u xy ra phn ng (2), lc kt ta tan dn cho n ht
Khi ht kt ta th s mol CO2 dng l 1,4 mol
Theo (1) v (2) th tng s mol CO2 = 2 s mol OH- + s mol CO32- = (a + 2b)/2 + (a + 2b)/2 = 1,4
Vi b = 0,5 a = 0,4 a : b = 5 : 4 B
Cu 49. Cho X, Y l hai axit cacboxylic n chc mch h (MX < MY); T l este hai chc to bi X, Y v
mt ancol no mch h Z. t chy hon ton 6,88 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, T bng mt lng va
O2, thu c 5,6 lit CO2 (ktc) v 3,24 gam nc. Mt khc 6,88 gam E tc dng vi dung dch
AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 12,96 gam Ag. khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch
KOH 1M ri c cn th khi lng rn khan thu c l
A. 10,54 gam
B. 14,04 gam
C. 12,78 gam
D. 13,66 gam
V E c phn ng trng bc X l HCOOH (v MX < MY), gi CT ca Y l R-COOH v CT ca Z l
R(OH)2
CT ca T l HCOO-R-OOC-R.
Gi s mol ca X, Y, T trong hn hp E l a, b, c (mol)
S mol Ag = 0,12 mol 2a + 2d = 0,12 a + c = 0,06 (1)
Khi lng hn hp E = 46a + (R+45)b + (R + R + 89)c = 6,88
46(a+c) + 45(b+c) + (b+c)R + (R-2)c = 6,88 (2)
Khi t chy E, bo ton khi lng ta c: mE + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
mO2 = 7,36 gam nO2 = 0,23 mol
Bo ton nguyn t oxi ta c: nO(E) + 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O nO(E) = 0,22 mol
2a + 2b + 4c = 0,22 a + b + 2c = 0,11 (3)
T (1) v (3) b + c = 0,05 mol (4)
Thay (1) v (4) vo (2) 005R = 1,87 - (R-2)c 0,05R < 1,87 R < 37,4
Li c khi cho E tc dng vi KOH c cc phng trnh ha hc sau:
HCOOH + KOH HCOOK + H2O
a
a
a
RCOOH + KOH RCOOK + H2O
b
b
b
HCOO-R-OOCR + 2KOH HCOOK + RCOOK + R(OH)2
c
2c
c
c
tng s mol KOH phn ng l a + b + 2c = 0,11 mol
s mol KOH d l 0,15 0,11 = 0,04 mol
cht rn gm: HCOOK (a+c mol); RCOOK (b+c mol); KOH (0,04 mol)
m = 84(a+c) + (R + 83)(b+c) + 56.0,04 = 11,43 + 0,05R
vi R < 37,4 v R>0 11,43 < m < 13,35 C
Cu 50. Hn hp A gm 3 cht X, Y, Z l ba hidrocacbon mch h c cng CTGN (theo th t tng
dn v s nguyn t cacbon) trong C chim 92,31% v khi lng. Khi t chy 0,01 mol Z thu
c khng qu 2,75 gam CO2. Cho 3,12 gam hn hp A (c s mol cc cht bng nhau) tc dng vi
lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c ti a m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m gam l :
A. 13,82
B. 11,68
C. 15,96
D. 7,98
22

Gi CTGN ca 3 hidrocacbon l CxHy %C = 12x/(12x + y).100% = 92,93% x:y = 1:1
CTGN ca 3 hidrocacbon l CH
Li c khi t chy 0,01 nol Z thu c s mol CO2 < 0,0625 s cacbon ca Z < 6,25
cc CTPT c th c ca X, Y, Z l C2H2, C3H3, C4H4, C5H5, C6H6 v s hidro l chn
X l C2H2, Y l C4H4, Z l C6H6.
Tnh c s mol ca 3 cht u l 0,02 mol
thu c lng kt ta ln nht th c X, Y, Z u phi tc dng c vi AgNO3/NH3 v tc
dng vi t l ln nht CTCT ca cc cht phi l: CHCH; CHC-CH=CH2; CHC-C2H4CHCH
Khi cc kt ta thu c l: AgCCAg (0,02 mol); AgCC-CH=CH2 (0,02 mol) v AgCC-C2H4CHCAg (0,02 mol)
m = 240.0,02 + 159.0,02 + 292.0,02 = 13,82 gam A
23

MN HA HC LN 3
Cu 1: Mt mu nc cng c cha cc ion: Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO 3 , Cl , SO 24 . Cht lm mm mu nc
cng trn l
A. HCl.
B. NaHCO3.
C. Na3PO4.
D. BaCl2.
Cu 2: Cho hn hp Mg v Cu vo dung dch HCl d. Kt thc phn ng, c cn dung dch thu c
cht rn gm
A. Cu
B. CuCl2; MgCl2
C. Cu ; MgCl2
D. Mg ; CuCl2
Cu 3: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch: CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2CO3,
KHSO4, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl. S trng hp c to ra kt ta l
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 4: Lu hunh trong cht no sau y va c tnh oxy ha va c tnh kh

A. Na2S
B. Na2SO3
C. FeS
D. KHSO4
Cu 5: Cht bo l trieste ca axit bo vi ancol no sau y
A. ancol metylic
B. etylenglycol
C. Glyxerol
D. Etanol
Cu 6: Ha tan m gam nhm vo dung dch NaOH va thu c dung dch X .Chia X thnh 2
phn bng nhau .Phn 1 nh 0,26 mol HCl vo thu c 1,8a gam cht rn .Phn 2 nh vo 0,5 mol
HCl thu c a gam cht rn .Ga tr ca m l
A.8,1
B.10,8
C.2,7
D.5,4
Cu 7: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng v glucozo
A. Phn t glucozo c 5 nhm OH
B. Phn t glucozo c 1 nhm CHO
C. Glucozo b thy phn trong mi trng axit D. t chy hon ton a mol Glucozo thu c 6a
mol CO2
Cu 8: Ha tan ht 4,6 gam Natri trong 100 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M thu c H2 v dung dch X. C
cn X c s gam cht rn l
A. 10,2 gam
B. 8,925 gam
C. 8 gam
D. 11,7 gam
Cu 9: X phng ha hon ton 8,88 gam hn hp 2 este C3H6O2 (c s mol bng nhau) bng dung
dch NaOH c bao nhiu gam mui
A. 9 gam
B. 4,08 gam
C. 4,92 gam
D. 8,32 gam
Cu 10: Cho a gam P2O5 vo dung dch cha a gam KOH, thu c dung dch X. Cht tan c trong
dung dch X l:
24

B. K2HPO4 v K3PO4
C. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4
D. K3PO4 v KOH
A. KH2PO4 v H3PO4
Cu 11: Hyrocacbon mch h no sau y phn ng vi Brom trong dung dch theo t l mol
tng ng 1:2
A. CnH2n+2
B. CnH2n-6
C. CnH2n
D. CnH2n-2
Cu 12: Hydrocacbon no sau y tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 to thnh ta
A. Styren
B. imetyl axetylen
C. But-1-in
D. But-1,3-dien
Cu 13: Cht no sau y khng tham gia phn ng thy phn
A. Poli etylen
B. Xenlulozo
C. Mantozo
D. Triaxylglyxerol
Cu 14: Thc hin cc phn ng nhit nhm hn hp gm m gam Al v 4,56 gam Cr2O3 (trong iu
kin khng c O2), sau khi phn ng kt thc, thu c hn hp X. Cho ton b X vo mt lng d
dung dch HCl (long, nng), sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 2,688 lt H2 (ktc).
Cn nu cho ton b X vo mt lng d dung dch NaOH (c, nng), sau khi phn ng kt thc th
s mol NaOH phn ng l:
A. 0,16 mol
B. 0,06 mol
C. 0,08 mol
D. 0,10 mol
Cu 15: Nh t t dung dch NaOH n d vo dung dch X. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton
ch thu c dung dch trong sut. Cht tan trong dung dch X l
A. CuSO4.
B. AlCl3.
C. Fe(NO3)3.
D. Cu.
Cu 16: nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch K2CrO4 th mu ca dung dch chuyn t:
A. khng mu sang mu vng
B. khng mu sang mu da cam
C. mu vng sang mu da cam
D. mu da cam sang mu vng
Cu 17: Ha tan ht 0,56 gam Fe trong lng d H2SO4 c nng thu c sn phm kh duy nht
l bao nhiu lt SO2 ktc
A. 0,56 lit
B. 0,448 lit
C. 0,224 lit
D. 0,336 lit
Cu 18: Kim loi no sau y khi cho vo dung dch CuSO4 b ha tan ht v phn ng to thnh kt
ta gm 2 cht
A. Na
B. Fe
C. Ba
D. Zn
Cu 19: Hn hp X c cha 0,2 mol C2H2 v 0,5 mol H2. Nung nng X sau mt thi gian (xc tc Ni)
thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l 6,2. Hn hp Y tc dng ti a vi a mol Br2 trong dung
dch. Gi tr a l
A. 0,2.
B. 0,3.
C. 0,1.
D. 0,4.
Cu 20: Ha tan hon ton 11,2 gam CaO v H2O thu c dung dch A. Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch
A, qua qu trnh kho st ngi ta lp th ca phn ng nh sau:
Khi lng
kt ta
15x
S mol CO2
25

Gi tr ca x l:
A. 0,025
B. 0,020
C. 0,050
D. 0,040
Cu 21: Nguyn tc chung iu ch kim loi l thc hin qu trnh
A. kh cc ion kim loi
B. oxi ho cc ion kim loi
C. kh cc kim loi
D. oxi ho cc kim loi
Cu 22: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao
nhiu cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch
NaOH?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 23: Cho 4,368 gam bt Fe tc dng vi m gam bt S. Sau phn ng c rn X. Ton b X tan ht
trong dung dch HNO3 long d c sn phm kh duy nht l 0,12 mol NO. Gi tr m l
A. 0,672 gam
B. 0.72 gam
C. 1,6gam
D. 1,44 gam
Cu 24: Cho 2,24 lit ktc kh CO i t t qua mt ng s nung nng cha m gam hn hp MgO,
Fe2O3, CuO. Sau phn ng thu c (m - 0,8) gam cht rn v hn hp kh X. Tnh t khi hi ca X
so vi H2
A. 14
B. 18
C. 12
D. 24
Cu 25: oxit lng tnh:
A. Cr2O3
B. CrO
C. CrO3
D. CaO
Cu 26: Cho s phn ng sau: Al X Y AlCl3. X, Y c th ln lt l cp cht no sau y?
A. Al(OH)3, Al(NO3)3
B. Al(OH)3, Al2O3
C. Al2(SO4)3, Al2O3
D. Al2(SO4)3, Al(OH)3
Cu 27: Mt l st c khi lng m gam nhng vo dung dch CuSO4. Kt thc phn ng thy khi
lng l st bng (m + 2,4) gam. Khi lng Cu do phn ng sinh ra bm ln l st l
A. 12,8 gam
B. 9,6 gam
C. 16 gam
D. 19,2 gam
Cu 28: Ha tan hon ton m gam Na vo 100 ml dung dch Y gm H2SO4 0,5M v HCl 1M, thy
thot ra 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Hi c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c a gam cht rn .a c gi tr
gn nht l:
A. 27,851
B. 29,852
C. 25,891
D. 28,952
Na tc dng vi axit trc.
Dung dch sau phn ng gm: Na+ ; Cl- ; SO42- => m = 28.952 => Chn D
Cu 29: un nng 66,4 gam hn hp 3 ancol n chc vi H2SO4 c thu c 55,6 gam hn hp 6
ete vi s mol bng nhau. S mol ca mi ancol l:
A. 0,4mol
B. 0,2mol
C. 0,5 mol.
D. 0,3 mol
Cu 30: Dung dch X cha m gam hn hp CuSO4 v NaCl. Thc hin in phn dung dch X cho
n khi nc bt u in phn c 2 in cc th dng li, khi anot thot ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc).
Dung dch sau in phn c th ha tan ti a 2,7 gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 47,4g
B. 58,625g
C. 55,4g
D. 34,625g.
Cu 31: Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Fe trong mt lng va dung dch long
HNO3 long nng 20% thu c dung dch X (2 mui) v sn phm kh duy nht l NO. Trong X
nng Fe(NO3)3 l 9,516% v nng C % ca Al(NO3)3 gn bng
26
A. 9,5 %
B. 4,6 %

C. 8,4 %
D. 7,32 %
Cu 32: Cho m gam NaOH vo 2 lt dung dch NaHCO3 nng a mol/l, thu c 2 lt dung
dch X. Ly 1 lt dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d) thu c 11,82 gam kt ta. Mt
khc, cho 1 lt dung dch X vo dung dch CaCl2 (d) ri un nng, sau khi kt thc cc phn
ng thu c 7,0 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a, m tng ng l:
A. 0,08 v 4,8.
B. 0,04 v 4,8.
C. 0,14 v 2,4.
D.
0,07 v 3,2
Cu 33: Cho 1,2 gam mt axit cacboxylic n chc X tc dng va ht vi dung dch NaOH thu c
1,64 gam mui. X l
A. H-COOH
B. CH2 = CHCOOH C. C6H5-COOH
D. CH3-COOH
Cu 34: Dy gm cc dung dch u ha tan c Cu(OH)2 nhit phng l
A. glucoz, fructoz v tinh bt
B. glucoz, fructoz v xenluloz
C. glucoz, fructoz v saccaroz
D. glucoz, fomalin v tinh bt
Cu 35: Cho m gam Fe vo bnh ng dung dch H2SO4 v HNO3 thu c dung dch X v 1,12 lt
kh NO. Thm tip H2SO4 d vo bnh c 0,448 lt NO v dung dch Y. Trong c 2 trng hp u
c NO l sn phm kh duy nht kin tiu chun. Dung dch Y ha tan va ht 2,08 gam Cu khng
to sn phm kh N+5. Cc phn ng u hon ton. Gi tr m l
A. 4,2gam
B. 2,4gam
C. 3,92 gam
D. 4,06 gam
Cu 36: Phn ng gia 2 cht no sau y thu c sn phm trong Clo t mc oxy ha cao nht
ca n
A. MnO2 + HCl
B. Cl2 + NaOH long ngui
C. Cl2 + KOH c nng
D. Cl2+ bt Ca(OH)2
Cu 37: Trong cng ngip, sn xut NH3, phn ng xy ra to thnh mt cn bng ha hc. Cn bng
ha hc ny phi thc hin p sut cao, nhit thp nhng khng qu thp (khong 4500C). T
suy ra c im ca phn ng l
A. Phn ng thun ta nhit, p sut tng
B. Phn ng thun thu nhit , gim p sut
C. Phn ng thun ta nhit gim p sut
D. Phn ng thun thu nhit , p sut tng
Cu 38: Cho 66,2 gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)2, Al tan hon ton trong dung dch cha 3,1
mol KHSO4. Sau phn ng hon ton thu c dung dch Y ch cha 466,6 gam mui sunphat trung
ha v 10,08 lit ktc kh Z gm 2 kh trong c mt kh ha nu ngoi khng kh. Bit t khi ca Z
so vi He l 23/18. Phn trm khi lng ca Al trong hn hp X gn nht vi gi tr no sau y
A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
Cu 39: Ba dung dch X,Y,Z, tha mn
- X tc dng vi Y th c ta xut hin
- Ytc dng vi Z th c ta xut hin
- X tc dng vi Z th c kh thot ra .
X,Y,Z, ln lt l
A. Al2(SO4)3, BaCl2, Na2SO4
B. FeCl2, Ba(OH)2, AgNO3
C. NaHSO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3
D. NaHCO3, NaHSO4, BaCl2
Cu 40: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm 2 amin n chc trong oxy c 0,09 mol CO2,
0,125 mol H2O v 0,015 mol N2. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng va vi dung dch H2SO4 long
c s gam mui l
27

A. 3,22 gam
B. 2,488 gam
C. 3,64 gam
D. 4,25 gam
Cu 41:. Cho 3,48 gam bt Mg tan ht trong dung dch hn hp gm HCl (d) v KNO3, thu c
dung dch X cha m gam mui v 0,56 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Y gm N2 v H2. Kh Y c t khi so vi
H2 bng 11,4. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,085.
B. 14,485.
C. 18,300.
D. 18,035.
+
D on phn ng to mui ion NH4
S mol N2=0,025(22,8-2):26=0,02; s mol H2=0,005; dng bo ton e tnh mol NH4;
nK=nNO3=0,01+0,04=0,05;
S mol NH4+=(3,48:242-0,0210-0,052):8=0,01
bo ton in tch tnh Cl-=0,145*2+0,05+0,01=0,35;(dng bo ton in tch ca mui)
m mui = 3,48+0,05*39+0,35*35,5+0,01*18=18,035;(dng pp phn tch thnh phn);
m=3,48:2495+(0,022+0,01)74,5+0,01*53,5=18,035(dng cng thc cc mui)
Cu 42: Hn hp A gm 2 este n chc X, Y. Cho 0,05 mol A tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH
thu c hn hp sn phm hu c B. t chy ht ton b B thu c 2,688 lt CO2; 3,18 gam
Na2CO3. Khi lm bay hi B thu c m(g) cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,56 (g).
B. 3,4(g).
C. 5,84 (g)
D. 5,62 (g).
+ bo ton Na c 0,06 mol NaOH
Ta c nNaOH : nA = 1,2 , hn hp c 1 este ca phenol
+ Bo ton C
n
0,15 mol Ctb = 3.
CO
Hn hp c HCOOCH3 v CxHyO2(cht ny tc dng vi NaOH theo t l 1:2)
Ta c: a + b = 0,05 mol v a + 2b = 0,06 mol; nn a = 0,04 mol; b = 0,01 mol.
Bo ton cacbon 0,04.2 + 0,01.x = 0,15
x = 7 ch c C7H6O2 HCOOCH3 v HCOOC6H5. v tnh
c mCR =4,56gam
Cu 43: Trong P ho tan CuFeS2 vi HNO3 c, nng to ra cc mui v H2SO4 th mt phn t
CuFeS2 s
A. nhng 11 electron
B. nhng 17 electron
C. nhn 17 electron
D. nhn 11
electron
Cu 44: Cho s :
H 2O
H 2O
H 2O
3 metylbut 1 en
X
Y
Z.
. Trong X,Y,Z u l sn phm chnh. Nhn xt no sau y ng :

A. X l 2-metylbut-3-ol
B. Y l 2-metylbut-1-en
C. Z l 2-metylbut-2-ol
D. Y l 2-metylbut-3-en
Cu 45: Cho dy cc cht : m-CH3COOC6H4CH3; m-HCOOC6H4OH; ClH3NCH2COONH4; pC6H4(OH)2; p-HOC6H4CH2OH; CH3NH3NO3 .C bao nhiu cht k trn tha mn iu kin: mt mol
cht phn ng ti a 2 mol NaOH
A. 2
B. 4
C. 5
D. 3
Cu 46: Ho tan hon ton 4,92 gam hn hp A gm (Al, Fe) trong 390ml dung dch HCl 2M thu
c dung dch B. Thm 800 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch B thu c kt ta C, lc kt ta
C, ra sch sy kh nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, thu c 7,5 gam cht rn.
Phn trm khi lng ca Al trong hn hp A c gi tr gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
28

C. 85,6 %.
D. 20,8%
A. 65,8%
B. 16,5%
t nAl= x ; Fe = y => 27x +56y = 4.92
Thm 0.8 mol NaOH vo dd NaOH d = 0,8 0,39.2 = 0,02
Al3+ + 3OH- => Al(OH)3
x
3x
x
Al(OH)3 + OH => Al(OH)4x-0.02
Fe2+ + 2OH- => Fe(OH)2
y
y
=> (x-0,02)/2. 102 +y/2.160 = 7,5
=> x = 0,12 ; y = 0.03 => %Al = 65.85 => Chn A
Cu 47: Hp cht hu c X thun chc (ch cha C,H,O). 5,8 gam X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3
trong NH3 c 43,2 gam Ag. Hydro ha hon ton 0,1 mol X c cht Y. Ton b Y phn ng va
ht 4,6 gam Natri. t chy hon ton X thu c
A. nCO2 = nH2O
B. nCO2=2nH2O
C. nH2O=2nCO2
D. nH2O=3nCO2
Cu 48: Khi tri sm chp ma ro, trong khng trung xy ra cc phn ng ha hc iu kin nhit
cao c tia la in, to thnh cc sn phm c tc dng nh mt loi phn bn no di y, theo
nc ma ri xung, cung cp cht dinh dng cho cy trng
A. m amoni
B. Phn ln
C. m nitrat
D. Phn kali
Cu 49: Cho hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Cu vo dung dch hn hp 2 mui AgNO3 v Ni(NO3)2. Kt
thc phn ng c rn X (tan mt phn trong dung dch HCl d) v thu c dung dch Y (phn
ng va vi dung dch NaOH c ta gm 2 hydroxit kim loi). Nhn xt no sau y khng
ng v th nghim trn
A. Rn X gm Ag ,Al , Cu
B. Kim loi Cu cha tham gia phn ng
C. Dung dch Ygm Al(NO3)3,Ni(NO3)2 D. Rn X gm Ag,Cu v Ni
Cu 50: Cu 26: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Al v Al2O3 trong 200,0 ml dung dch
NaOH 2M thu c dung dch Y v 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Thm 300,0 ml hoc 700,0 ml dung dch
HCl 1M vo dung dch Y u thu c cng mt lng kt ta c khi lng m gam. Gi tr gn
nht ca m l
A. 6,9.
B. 8,0.
C. 9,1.
D. 8,4.
NaOH ban u = 0.4 mol
Al + NaOH => NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
0.1 0.1
0.15
t Al2O3 = a
Al2O3 + 2NaOH => 2NaAlO2 + H2O
a
2a (d 0.3-2a)
=> m=2,7+102a
Lp h pt H+ = 0.3 v H+ = 0.7 => a = 0.05 => m = 7.8
P N & LI GII CHI TIT
29

Cu 2: p n : C
But 1 in c CHC u mch nn c phn ng to kt ta vi AgNO3/NH3
Cu 4: p n : A
p-nitroanilin c dng : p- O2N C6H4 NH2
Do nhm NO2 ht e mnh => cp e t do ca N trong NH2 b ht v pha vng thm
=> Tnh bazo gim r rt.
Cn nhm metyl CH3- li l nhm y e => tnh bazo s mnh hn.
Cu 5: p n : C
Cu 7: p n : D
,bo ton e : 3nFe = 2nSO2 => nSO2 = 0,015 mol
=> V = 0,336 lit
Cu 8: p n : C
Khi cho Ba vo th to Ba(OH)2 sau phn ng vi CuSO4 s to 2 kt ta l BaSO4 v Cu(OH)2
Cu 9: p n : D
Cu 11: p n : B
phn ng khng c kh thot ra th phi to NH4NO3
=> Kim loi phi c tnh kh mnh
=> Mg
Cu 12: p n : C
Cu 13: p n : A
CaC2 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + C2H2
Al4C3 + 12HCl -> 4AlCl3 + 3CH4
=> Hn hp kh gm CH4 v C2H2
Cu 17: p n : C
Glucozo khng b thy phn
Cu 18: p n : B
,nNa = 0,2 mol ; nHCl = 0,05 mol
Na + HCl -> NaCl + H2
Na + H2O -> NaOH + H2
Sau phn ng c cn dung dch c cht rn : 0,05 mol NaCl v 0,15 mol NaOH
=> m = 8,925g
Cu 21: p n : A
30

,nNaOH = 0,018 mol
3NaOH + triolein -> Glixerol + 3Natrioleat
=> nGlixerol = 0,006 mol => mGlixerol = 0,552g
Cu 23: p n : A
Coi hn hp X gm Fe v S phn ng vi HNO3
Fe 3e -> Fe3+
S 6e -> S6+
N5+ + 3e -> N2+
Bo ton e : 3nFe + 6nS = 3nNO
=> nS = 0,021 mol
=> m = 0,672g
Cu 24: p n : B
Phn ng tng qut : CO + Ooxit -> CO2
=> mrn gim = mO p = 0,8g => nO p = nCO2 = 0,05 mol
=> X gm 0,05 mol CO v 0,05 mol CO2
=> dX/H2 = 18
Cu 27: p n : D
Fe + CuSO4 -> FeSO4 + Cu
,x
->
x mol
=> mtng = mCu mFe p = 64x 56x = m + 2,4 m
=> x = 0,3 mol
=> mCu bm = 0,3.64 = 19,2g
Cu 29: p n : B
CH2=CHCOOCH3 + KOH -> CH2=CHCOOK + CH3OH
=> Sau phn ng cht rn gm 0,2 mol CH2=CHCOOK
=> m = 22g
Cu 31: p n : C
31
Cu 35: p n : D
Tng s mol kh NO sau cc phn ng l : 0,07 mol
Gi s trong Y c Fe3+ v Fe2+
=> bo ton e : 3nFe3+ + 2nFe2+ = 3nNO
Li c : 2Fe3+ + Cu -> Cu2+ + 2Fe2+ ( Y ha tan Cu nhng khng c sn phm kh ca N+5)
=> nFe3+ = 2nCu = 0,065 mol => nFe2+ = 0,0075 mol
=> m = 56.( 0,065 + 0,0075 ) = 4,06g
Cu 36: p n : C
Cl t s oxi ha +5 trong phn ng :
3Cl2 + 6KOH c nng -> KClO3 + 5KCl + 3H2O
Cu 37: p n : C
V mc ch tng hiu sut => c yu t tc ng sao cho cn bng chuyeenrdichj theo chiu thun
+) p sut cao => phn ng thun lm gim p sut ca h
+) Nhit thp nhng khng qu thp => phn ng thun ta nhit
Cu 38: p n : A
10,08 lt (ktc) kh Z gm 2 kh trong c mt kh ha nu ngoi
khng kh. Bit t khi ca Z so vi He l 23 : 18
=> Z c 0,05 mol NO v 0,4 mol H2
Bo ton khi lng : mX + mKHSO4 = m mui + mZ + mH2O
=> nH2O = 1,05 mol
32

Bo ton H : nKHSO4 = 2nH2 + 2nH2O + 4nNH4+ => nNH4+= 0,05 mol.
Bo ton N : 2nFe(NO3)2 = nNO +nNH4+ => nFe(NO3)2 = 0,05 mol
Bo ton O : 4nFe3O4 + 6nFe(NO3)2 = nNO + nH2O => nFe3O4 = 0,2 mol
%mAl = 16,3% gn nht vi gi tr 15%
Cu 39: p n : C
X tc dng vi Y th c kt ta xut hin
=> loi D v: NaHCO3 + NaHSO4 khng c kt ta.
X tc dng vi Z th c kh thot ra
=> loi A v B v khng to kh.
Cu 40: p n : A
Bo ton khi lng :
mX = m = mC + mH + mN = 0,09.12 + 0,125.2 + 0,015.2.14 = 1,75g
, nH+ = 2nH2SO4 = nNH2 = nN = 0,03 mol => nH2SO4 p = 0,015 mol
=> mmui = m + mH2SO4 p = 3,22g
Cu 43: p n : B
Cu 47: p n : B
, Khi 0,1 mol Y phn ng vi 0,2 mol Na => Y c tng s nhm OH v COOH trong phn t l 2
M X hidro ha to Y => X c 2 nhm CHO ( V X thun chc )
. => nX = nAg = 0,1 mol => MX = 58g => X l (CHO)2 Khi t chy X th nCO2 = 2nH2O
Cu 49: p n : A u tin Al phn ng vi AgNO3 trc
(1) Nu Al cn d th phn ng vi Ni(NO3)2 ; Cu khng phn ng
(2) Nu Al ht v AgNO3 d th Cu phn ng vi AgNO3 , Ni(NO3)2 gi nguyn.
X tan 1 phn trong HCl => Chng t gi thuyt (1) ng
=> Y gm Al3+ ; Ni2+ ( c th )M Y phn ng vi NaOH va to 2 hydroxit => Y phi c Ni2+
=> Rn X gm Ag, Cu , Ni
33

MN HA HC LN 4 THPT CHUYN L QU N
Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t: H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O =16; Na = 23; Al = 27; S = 32;
Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Sn = 119, Ba = 137; Pb = 207.
Cu 1: m in ca Al v Cl ln lt bng 1,6 v 3,0. Lin kt ha hc gia cc nguyn t trong
phn t AlCl3 l
A. lin kt ion
B. lin kt cng ha tr c cc.
C. lin kt kim loi
D. lin kt cng ha tr khng cc
Cu 2: Xt phn ng ha hc: A (k) + 2B (k) AB2 (k), H > 0 (phn ng thu nhit). Hiu sut qu
trnh hnh thnh AB2 s tng khi
A. tng p sut chung ca h
B. gim nhit phn ng.
C. gim nng cht A
D. tng th tch bnh phn ng
Cu 3: Dung dch X cha 0,1 mol Ca 2 ; 0,3 mol Mg 2 ; 0,4 mol Cl v a mol HCO3 . un dung dch X
n c cn thu c mui khan c khi lng l
A. 49,4 gam
B.28,6 gam
C. 37,4 gam
D. 23,2 gam
t
NaHSO4 + HX (kh). Cc hiro halogenua (HX)
Cu 4: Xt phn ng: NaX (rn) + H2SO4 (c)
c th iu ch theo phn ng trn l
A. HCl, HBr v HI B. HBr v HI
C. HF v HCl
D. HF, HCl, HBr v HI
0
Cu 5: Cho 3,48 gam bt Mg tan ht trong dung dch hn hp gm HCl (d) v KNO3, thu c
dung dch X cha m gam mui v 0,56 L (ktc) hn hp kh Y gm N2 v H2. Kh Y c t khi so vi
A. 16,085 gam
B. 14,485 gam
C. 18,300 gam
D. 18,035 gam
Cu 6: Trong cng nghip, sn xut axit H3PO4 c tinh khit v nng cao, ngi ta lm cch
no sau y?
A. Cho photpho tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng.
B. Cho dung dch H2SO4 c, nng tc dng vi qung apatit.
C. t chy photpho trong oxi d, cho sn phm tc dng vi nc.
D.Cho dung dch axit H2SO4 c, nng tc dng vi qung photphorit
34

Cu 7: Hp th hon ton 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 0,15 mol NaOH v 0,1 mol
Ba(OH)2, thu c m gam kt ta . Gi tr ca m l
A. 14,775 gam
B. 9,850 gam
C. 29,550 gam
D. 19,700 gam
Cu 8: Bn kim loi K, Al, Fe v Ag c n nh khng theo th t l X, Y, Z, v T. Bit rng X v Y
c iu ch bng phng php in phn nng chy; X y c kim loi T ra khi dung dch
mui; v Z tc dng c vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng nhng khng tc dng c vi dung dch
H2SO4 c ngui. Cc kim loi X, Y, Z, v T theo th t l
A. Al, K, Fe, v Ag
B. K, Fe, Al v Ag
C. K, Al, Fe v Ag
D. Al, K, Ag v Fe.
Cu 9: C 4 ng nghim cng th tch, mi ng ng mt trong bn kh sau (khng theo th t): O2,

H2S, SO2, v HCl. Lt p tng ng nghim v nhng vo cc chu nc th kt qu thu c nh cc
hnh v di y:
Vy cc bnh a, b, c, v d ln lt cha cc kh
A. O2, H2S, HCl, v SO2
B. H2S, HCl, O2, v SO2
C. HCl, SO2, O2, v H2S
D. SO2, HCl, O2, v H2S
Cu 10: Tin hnh th nghim nh hnh v. Kh A trong bnh c th l kh no di y?
A. H2S
B. NH3
C. SO2
D. HCl
Cu 11: Kt lun no sau y v tnh cht ca hp kim l sai?

A. Lin kt trong a s tinh th hp kim vn l lin kt kim loi
B. Hp kim thng d nng chy hn so vi kim loi nguyn cht
C. Hp kim thng dn nhit v dn in tt hn kim loi nguyn cht
D. cng ca hp kim thng ln hn cng ca kim loi nguyn cht
35

Cu 12: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Na2CO3 l nguyn liu quan trng trong cng nghip sn xut thu tinh
B. nhit thng, tt c cc kim loi kim th u tc dng c vi nc
C. Nhm bn trong mi trng khng kh v nc l do c mng oxit Al2O3 bn bo v
D. Theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn, nhit nng chy ca kim loi kim gim dn
Cu 13: Khi nh t t dung dch AlCl3 cho ti d vo dung dch NaOH v lc u th
A. u tin khng xut hin kt ta, sau c kt ta trng keo
B. u tin xut hin kt ta trng keo, sau kt ta tan li.
C. u tin xut hin kt ta trng keo, sau kt ta khng tan li
D. khng thy kt ta trng keo xut hin.
Cu 14: Trng hp no sau y khng xy ra s n mn in ho?
A. S n mn v tu trong nc bin
B. S g ca gang trong khng kh m
C. Nhng thanh Zn trong dung dch H2SO4 c nh vi git CuSO4.
D. Nhng thanh Cu trong dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 c nh vi git dung dch H2SO4
Cu 15: Sc t t kh CO2 vo dung dch natri aluminat n d th
A. khng c phn ng xy ra
B. to kt ta Al(OH)3, phn dung dch cha Na2CO3
C. to kt ta Al(OH)3, phn dung dch cha NaHCO3
D. to kt ta Al(OH)3, sau kt ta b ha tan li.
Cu 16: Cho hn hp c a mol Zn tc dng vi dung dch cha b mol Cu(NO3)2 v c mol AgNO3. Kt
thc phn ng hon ton, thu c dung dch X v cht rn Y. Bit 0,5c < a < b + 0,5c. Kt lun no
sau y ng?
A. X cha 1 mui v Y c 2 kim loi
B. X cha 3 mui v Y cha 2 kim loi
C. X cha 2 mui v Y cha 2 kim loi
D. X cha 2 mui v Y c 1 kim loi
Cu 17: Hp th V lt CO2 (ktc) vo 200 mL dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch X. Khi cho
BaCl2 d vo dung dch X c kt ta v dung dch Y, un nng Y li thy c kt ta xut hin.
Khong gi tr ca V l
A. V 1,12
B. 2,24 < V < 4,48
36

C.1,12 < V < 2,24.
D. 4,48 V 6,72
Cu 18: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp Al v Ba vi s mol bng nhau vo nc c dung dch
X. Cho t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo dung dch X n khi lng kt ta t gi tr ln nht thy
dng ht 200 mL. Gi tr ca m bng
A. 8,2 gam
B. 16,4 gam
C. 13,7 gam
D. 4,1 gam
Cu 19: Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm hn hp gm Al v m gam hai oxit st trong kh tr, thu
c hn hp rn X. Cho X vo dung dch NaOH d, thu c dung dch Y, cht khng tan Z v
0,672 lt kh H2 (ktc). Sc kh CO2 d vo Y, thu c 8,58 gam kt ta. Cho Z tan ht vo dung dch
H2SO4, thu c dung dch cha 20,76 gam mui sunfat v 3,472 lt kh SO2 ( ktc, l sn phm kh
duy nht ca H2SO4). Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,80 gam
B. 8,04 gam
C. 6,96 gam
D. 7,28 gam
Cu 20: Ha tan ht 1,69 gam oleum c cng thc H2SO4.3SO3 vo 10g dung dch H2SO4 20% c
dung dch X c nng a%. Gi tr ca a l
A. 33,875%.
B. 11,292%.
C. 22,054%.
D. 42,344%.
Cu 21: Nh t t n d dung dch NaOH long vo mi dung dch sau: FeCl3, CrCl3, AlCl3,
MgSO4. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s trng hp thu c kt ta l
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 22: Cho hn hp gm 1 mol cht X v 1 mol cht Y tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng
(d), to ra 2 mol kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht). Hai cht X v Y l:
A. Fe v Fe2O3
B. FeO v Fe3O4
C. Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 D. Fe v FeO
Cu 23: C ba dung dch ring bit: H2SO4 1M; KNO3 1M; HNO3 1M c nh s ngu nhin l (1),
(2), (3).
Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (2), thm bt Cu d, thu c V1 lt kh NO.
Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c V2 lt kh NO.
Trn 5 ml dung dch (2) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c 3V1 lt kh NO.
Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, NO l sn phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin. So snh no sau y ng?
A. V2 = V1
B. V2 = 3V1
C. V2 = 2V1
D. 2V2 = V1
Cu 24: Trong cc cp cht sau: (1) AgNO3 v NaCl; (2) NO2 v NaOH; (3) FeS2 v HCl; v (4) CaO v
CO2. S cp cht xy ra phn ng oxi ha - kh l
A. 1
B. 2.
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 25: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. CrO3 l mt oxit axit
37

B. Cr(OH)3 tan c trong dung dch NaOH
C. Cr phn ng vi axit H2SO4 long to thnh Cr2+.
2
D. Trong mi trng kim, Br2 oxi ha CrO2 thnh Cr2O7 .
CO 2 H 2 O
NaOH
Cu 26: Cho dy chuyn ha sau: X Y X. Cng thc ca Y l
A. CaO
B. Ca(OH)2
C. CaCO3
D. Ca(HCO3)2
Cu 27: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau: (a) Cho dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch Al2(SO4)3; (b)
Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch H2S; (c) Cho dung dch AgNO3 vo dung dch H3PO4; (d) Cho dung dch
AlCl3 vo dung dch Na2CO3; (e) Cho dung dch AgNO3 vo dung dch HF. Sau khi kt thc th
nghim, s trng hp thu c kt ta l
A. 3
B. 2
C. 5
D. 4
Cu 28: Xt cc phn ng sau:
t
(a) F2 + H2O (hi)
(d) dung dch AgNO3 + dung dch Fe(NO3)2
(b) Al + dung dch NaOH
(e) Ca(NO3)2
(c) P2O5 + H2O
(f) NaHCO3
S phn ng sinh ra n cht l

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4.
D. 5
Cu 29: Xt cc hp cht C10H14, C6H4(OH)2, C9H10BrCl v C6H6O(NO2)2. S cht c th cha vng

benzen trong phn t bng
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 30: Cho cng thc cu to sau: CH3CH(OH)CH=C(Cl)CHO. S oxi ha ca cc nguyn t cacbon
tnh t phi sang tri c gi tr ln lt l
A. +1;+1;-1; 0; -3
B. +1;-1;-1; 0; -3
C. +1;+1;0;-1; +3 D. +1;-1;0;-1; +3
Cu 31: t chy hon ton hn hp gm cc hidrocacbon thu c 2,24 lt (ktc) CO2 v 2,7 gam
H2O. Th tch oxi tham gia phn ng chy iu kin tiu chun l
A. 5,6 lt.
B. 2,8 lt
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,92 lt
Cu 32: S lng ng phn cha vng benzen (khng cha cc vng no khc) ng vi cng thc
phn t C9H10 l
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
Cu 33: Xt bn ankan: metan, etan, propan, isobutan, v neopentan. S cht to c mt sn phm
th monoclo duy nht l
A. 2
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
38

Cu 34: Xt su nhn nh sau: (1) Phn ng monobrom ha propan (bng Br2, un nng) to sn
phm chnh l n-propyl bromua; (2) Phn ng ca isobutilen vi hidro clorua to sn phm chnh l
t-butyl clorua; (3) Phn ng dehidrat ha 2-metylpentan-3-ol to sn phm chnh l 4-metylpent-2-en;
(4) Phn ng ca buta-1,3-ien vi brom c th to c 3,4-ibrombut-1-en v 1,4-ibrombut-2-en; (5)
iclo ha benzen bng Cl2 (xc tc bt Fe, un nng) u tin to sn phm l o-iclobenzen v piclobenzen; v (6) Monoclo ha toluen bng Cl2 (chiu sng) u tin to sn phm l o-clotoluen v
p-clotoluen. S nhn nh ng trong s su nhn nh ny bng
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 35: Dn V lt (ktc) hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng,
thu c kh Y. Dn Y vo lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 12 gam kt ta. Kh i
ra khi dung dch phn ng va vi 16 gam brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z
c 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 4,5 gam H2O. Gi tr ca V bng
A. 11,2.
B. 13,44
C. 5,60
D. 8,96
Cu 36: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit axetic l
A. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5
B. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH
C. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2
D. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4
Cu 37: Hn hp X gm ancol metylic, etylen glycol v glixerol. Cho 43,2 gam X phn ng hon ton
vi Na d, thu c 15,68 lt kh H2 (ktc) v hn hp mui X. t chy hon ton 43,2 gam X, ri
thi sn phm chy qua bnh cha CuSO4 khan d, th khi kt thc th nghim khi lng bnh ny
tng
A. 9 gam
B. 18 gam
C. 36 gam
D. 54 gam
Cu 38: Axit cacboxylic n chc mach h phn nhanh (A) co phn trm khi lng oxi la 37,2%.
Pht biu no di y l sai?
A. A lam mt mau dung dich brom
B. A la nguyn liu tng hp polime
C. A co ng phn hinh hoc
D. A co hai lin kt trong phn t
Cu 39: Hn hp X gm CH3COOC2H5, C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5OH. t chy hon ton m gam hn

hp X thu c 0,6 mol CO2 v 0,7 mol H2O. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca C2H5OH bng
A. 34,33%
B. 51,11%
C. 50,00%
D. 20,72%
Cu 40: Axit cacboxylic X hai chc (c phn trm khi lng ca oxi nh hn 70%), Y v Z l hai
ancol ng ng k tip (MY < MZ). t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp gm X, Y, Z cn va
8,96 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 8,1 gam H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca Y
trong hn hp trn l
A. 14,95%.
B. 12,60%.
C. 29,91%.
D. 29,6%.
Cu 41: t chy hon ton 1 mol cht bo, thu c lng CO2 v H2O hn km nhau 8 mol. Mt
khc a mol cht bo trn tc dng ti a vi 600 ml dung dch Br2 1M. Gi tr ca a l
39
A. 0,15
B. 0,10

C. 0,30
D. 0,20
Cu 42: Cho cc pht biu sau: (1) Glucoz c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc; (2) S chuyn
ha tinh bt trong c th ngi c sinh ra mantoz; (3) Mantoz c kh nng tham gia phn ng
trng bc; (4) Saccaroz c cu to t hai gc -glucoz v -fructoz; (5) Hiro ha hon ton
glucoz to ra axit gluconic; (6) iu kin thng, glucoz v saccaroz u l nhng cht rn, d
tan trong nc; (7) Xenluloz trinitrat l nguyn liu sn xut t nhn to v ch to thuc sng
khng khi; (8) Amilopectin trong tinh bt ch c cc lin kt -1,4-glicozit; (9) Sacaroz b ha en
trong H2SO4 c; v (10) Trong cng nghip dc phm, saccaroz c dng pha ch thuc.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
Cu 43: Cho 11,8 gam amin n chc X tc dng va vi dung dch HCl, sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Lm bay hi dung dch Y c 19,1 gam mui khan. S cng thc
cu to ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 44: Cho 58,8 gam mt tetrapeptit Ala-Gly-Val-Phe tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,7 NaOH thu
c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 84,1 gam
B. 80,1 gam
C. 74,1 gam
D. 82,8 gam
Cu 45: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Trng ngng buta-1,3-ien vi acrilonitrin c xc tc Na c cao su buna-N.
B. Trng hp stiren thu c poli(phenol-fomanehit).
C. Poli(etylen terephtalat) l polime trng ngng
D. T visco l t tng hp
Cu 46: Dy no di y gm cc cht c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)2 to hp cht mu tan trong
trong nc?
A. etilen glycol, axit axetic, v gly.ala.gly
B. ancol etylic, fructoz, v gly.ala.lys.val
C. glixerol, glucoz, v gly.ala
D. ancol etylic, axit fomic, v lys.val
Cu 47: Xt cc pht biu sau: (1) metan, metanol, metanal v metanamin u l nhng cht kh
iu kin thng. (2) metanol, metanal, metanoic, alanin v sacaroz u tan tt trong nc. (3)
xyclopropan, propen, etanal, metanoic, v mantoz u c kh nng lm nht mu nc brom; (4)
axetilen, anehit axetic, axit fomic, v fructoz u to kt ta mu trng bc khi tc dng vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3. S pht biu ng bng
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
40

Cu 48: Xt cc tc nhn phn ng gm Na, dung dch NaOH v dung dch Na2CO3. Trong s bn
cht l (1) ancol etylic, (2) phenol (C6H5OH), (3) axit axetic, v (4) glyxin, c bao nhiu cht c th
phn ng c vi c ba tc nhn?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 49: ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O2, c x ng phn lm qu tm ha ; y ng phn tc
dng c vi dung dch NaOH, nhng khng tc dng vi Na; z ng phn va tc dng c vi
dung dch NaOH v va tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 v t ng phn va tc dng
c vi Na, va tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Nhn nh no di y l sai?
A. x = 1
B. y = 2
C. z = 0
D. t = 2
Cu 50: Xt cc pht biu: (1) SO2 v NO l nhng nguyn nhn chnh gy hin tng ma axit; (2)
CFC v NO l nhng nguyn nhn chnh ph hy tng ozon ca tri t; v (3) Ngoi CO2 , freon,
metan v init oxit cng tham gia ng k vo hiu ng nh knh. S pht biu ng l
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
------------------------------------Ht------------------------------------
41

BNG P N
01. B
02. A
03. C
04. C
05. D
06. C
07. D
08. A
09. D
10. D
11. C
12. B
13. A
14. D
15. C
16. C
17. B
18. A
19. B
20. A
21. B
22. D
23. C
24. B
25. D
26. D
27. A
28. C
29. C
30. A
31. D
32. C
33. C
34. B
35. A
36. C
37. C
38. C
39. A
40. C
41. B
42. A
43. C
44. A
45. C
46. A
47. B
48. C
49. C
50. D
PHN LI GII CHI TIT

Cu 1 : Chn p n C
Ta c hiu m in l : 0, 4 I 3 1, 6 1, 4 1, 7
Vy lin kt trong AlCl3 l CHT c cc.
Cu 2: Chn p n A
Theo nguyn l chuyn dch cn bng khi p sut tng cn bng s dch v bn (lm gim p sut)
hay bn c t phn t kh.
Cu 3: Chn p n C
BTDT
0,1.2 0,3.2 0, 4 a a 0, 4
t
X
HCO3 CO32
0
BTKL
m 0,1.40 0,3.24 0, 4.35,5 0, 2.60 37, 4(gam)
t
t
CO32
O 2
Ch : Khi bi ni nung mui khan ti khi lng khng i th HCO3
0
Cu 4: Chn p n C
Ch : Khng th iu ch c HI hay HBr v :
c,t
NaBr H 2SO4
NaHSO4 HBr
0
c,t
SO2 Br2 2H 2 O
2HBr H 2SO4
0
c,t
NaI H2SO4
NaHSO4 HI
0
c,t
H 2S 4I 2 4H 2 O
8HI H 2SO4
0
Cu 5: Chn p n D
Ta c : n Mg 0,145
N : 0,02
0, 29 0,02.10 0,005.2
BTE
0,025 2
n NH
0,01
4
8
H 2 : 0,005
Mg 2 : 0,145
NH 4 : 0,01
dd X BTNT.Nito
m 18,035
K
:
0,02.2
0,01
0,05
BTDT

Cl : 0,35
Ch : V Y c H2 nn trong dung dch X chc chn khng cn N+5

Cu 6: Chn p n C
42

Theo SGK lp 11.
Cu 7: Chn p n D
CO2 : 0,15 Ba 2 :0,1

n CO 0,15(mol) BTDT
Ta c : 2
3
m 0,1.197 19, 7(gam)
n
0,35(mol)
OH
:
0,
05
OH
Cu 8: Chn p n A
+ X v Y c iu ch bng phng php in phn nng chy Loi B.
+ X y c kim loi T ra khi dung dch mui Loi C.
+ Z tc dng c vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng nhng khng tc dng c vi dung dch
H2SO4 c ngui Z l Fe hoc Al.
Cu 9: Chn p n D
+ Theo m hnh (c) kh khng tan trong nc l O2.
+ Theo m hnh (b) kh tan rt nhiu trong nc l HCl.
+ Theo m hnh (d) kh tan t trong nc l H2S
Cu 10: Chn p n D
Th nghim trn chng t :
+ A phi tan nhiu trong nc Loi A v H2S t tan trong nc.
+ Dung dch A c tnh axit mnh (dung dch mu ) nn NH3 loi ngay.Vi SO2 cng tan nhiu
trong nc tuy nhin tnh ty mu ca SO2 rt mnh nn qu tm s mt mu khi gp SO2.
Cu 11: Chn p n C
Cu 12: Chn p n B
Theo SGK th Be v Mg khng tc dng c vi nc nhit thng.
Cu 13: Chn p n A
Cu 14: Chn p n D
Ch : c n mn in ha th phi tha mn 3 iu kin
iu kin 1 : C 2 cc (2 kim loi khc nhau hoc 1 kim loi 1 phi kim)
iu kin 2: 2 cc ny phi tip xc (trc tip hoc gin tip)
iu kin 3: Cng c nhng vo dung dch cht in ly
D thy cc trng hp A, B, C u tha mn c 3 iu kin trn.
Cu 15: Chn p n C
Cu 16: Chn p n C
Cu 17: Chn p n B
43

2
CO : a (mol)
BTDT
D dng suy ra X phi cha 3
2a b 0, 2
HCO3 : b (mol)
BTNT
0,1 n CO2 a b 0, 2
2, 24 V 4, 48
Cu 18: Chn p n A
Khi kt ta ln nht th Cl- s chy ht vo BaCl2.
BTNT.Clo
n BaCl2
Do ta c ngay :
0,5.0, 2
0, 05(mol)
2
BTNT.Ba BTKL
m 0, 05(137 27) 8, 2(gam)
Cu 19: Chn p n B
BTE
n Du
X + NaOH c kh H2 nn Al c d
Al
BTNT.Al
n Al(OH)3 0,11(mol)
n Al2O3
0, 03.2
0, 02(mol)
3
0,11 0, 02
0, 045(mol)
2
BTE
BTKL
Z ch l Fe : nSO2 0,155
nSO2 0,155
mFe 20,76 0,155.96 5,88(gam)
4
BTKL
m mFe mO 5,88 0,045.3.16 8,04(gam)
Cu 20: Chn p n A
0, 005.4.98 2
n H2SO4 .3SO3 0, 005(mol)
a%
.100% 33,875%
Ta c :
m
2(gam)
1,
69
10
H
SO
2 4
Cu 21: Chn p n B
S trng hp thu c kt ta l : FeCl3, MgSO4
Cu 22: Chn p n D
D thy n e 2.2 4(mol) ch c D hp l.
Cu 23: Chn p n C
Nhn thy th tch v nng cc dung dch u bng nhau v kiu g th NO3 vn c d. Do
vn ch lin quan ti H+. Da vo phn ng : 4H NO3 3e NO 2H2O
(1) l dung dch KNO3.
(2) l dung dch HNO3.
(3) l dung dch H2SO4.
Cu 24: Chn p n B
S cp cht xy ra phn ng oxi ha - kh l: (2) v (3)
44

(2). 2NO2 2NaOH NaNO3 NaNO2 H 2O
(3). FeS2 2HCl FeCl2 + S + H2S
Cu 25: Chn p n D
Cu 26: Chn p n D
Cu 27: Chn p n A
s trng hp thu c kt ta l: (a), (b), (d).
Al3 3OH Al OH 3
H2 O
OH
(a). NH 3
(b). SO2 H2S 3S 2H2O

(d). 3Na 2CO3 2AlCl3 3H 2O 2Al(OH)3 3CO2 6NaCl
Cu 28: Chn p n C
t
4HF O2
(a). C 2F2 2H 2 O
0
3
(b). C Al NaOH H 2 O NaAlO 2 H 2
2
(c). Khng P2 O5 3H 2 O 2H3PO 4

(d). C Fe2 Ag Fe3 Ag
t
(e). C Ca NO3 2
Ca(NO2 )2 O2
0
t
Na 2 CO3 CO 2 H 2O
(f). Khng 2NaHCO3
0
Ch : Khi nhit phn hai mui ca hai kim loi kim th l Ca(NO3)2 v Ba(NO3)2 th :
i vi Ca(NO3)2
nhit t 450-500oC:
Ca(NO3)2 Ca(NO2)2 + O2
nhit cao hn:
Ca(NO3)2 CaO + 2NO2 + 1/2O2
i vi Ba(NO3)2:
nhit 594-620oC:
Ba(NO3)2 Ba(NO2)2 + O2
nhit 621-670oC:
Ba(NO3)2 BaO + 2NO2 + 1/2O2
Cu 29: Chn p n C
Mun c vng benzen cc cht phi tng ng c t nht 4 lin kt trong phn t. Bao gm :
C10H14, C6H4(OH)2, C9H10BrCl
Cu 30: Chn p n A
Ch : Khi tnh s oxi ha ca C trong cc HCHC th ngi ta tnh theo cc nguyn t khc dnh vo
C m khng quan tm ti C khc.
45

Cu 31: Chn p n D
n CO 0,1(mol)
BTNT.O
Ta c : 2
n O2 0,175 V 3,92(l)
n H2O 0,15(mol)
Cu 32: Chn p n C
CH=CH2
CH=CH2
CH=CH2
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH=CH-CH3
C=CH2
CH2-CH=CH2
CiS - Trans
Cu 33: Chn p n C
S cht to c mt sn phm th monoclo duy nht l : metan, etan, neopentan.
Cu 34: Chn p n B
(1). Sai, sn phm chnh u tin th vo C bc cao l CH3CHBrCH3.
(2). ng, CH 2 CH(CH3 ) CH3 HCl CH3 CHCl(CH3 ) CH3 .
(3). Sai, sn phm chnh l 2-metylpent-2-en.
(4). ng. Theo SGK lp 11.
(5). Sai, u tin to sn phm l o-clobenzen v p- clobenzen.
(6). ng. Theo SGK lp 11.
Cu 35: Chn p n A
46
CH CH : 0, 05
BTNT.C
n CAg CAg 0, 05(mol)
CH CH : 0, 2

Y CH 2 CH 2 : 0,1
X BTNT.H
Ta c :
H 2 : 0,3

n Br2 0,1
BTNT.C
C
H
0,
05
2
6
Z
BTNT.H
H
0,1
2
V 0,5.22, 4 11, 2(l)
Cu 36: Chn p n C
t
C 2 H 5OH CuO
CH 3CHO Cu H 2O
0
PdCl2 ;CuCl2
2CH2 CH2 O2
2CH3CHO
2
Hg / 80 C
CH CH H 2 O
CH 3CHO
0
Cu 37: Chn p n C
X
X
n Trong
0,7.2 1, 4(mol)
Ta c : n H2 0,7 n Trong
OH
O
thy s C trong X bng s O trong X nn ta c :

BTKL
BTNT.H
X
mTrong
43, 2 1, 4.12 1, 4.16 4
n H2O 2(mol)
H
m mH2O 2.18 36(gam)

Cu 38: Chn p n C
Ta c : %O
32
0,372 R 41 C3H 5COOH
R 45
C sai v A c th l CH 2 CH CH 2 COOH
Cu 39: Chn p n A
Ch : CH3COOC2H5, C2H5COOCH3 l ng phn ca nhau.
BTNT.C
4a 2b 0, 6 a 0,1
C4 H8O2 : a(mol)

BTNT.H
Ta c :
8a 6b 1, 4
b 0,1
C2 H5OH : b(mol)

%C2 H 5OH
0,1.46
34,33%
0,1(46 88)
Cu 40: Chn p n C
n O2 0, 4
BTKL
m hh 8,1 0,35.44 0, 4.32 10, 7(gam)
Ta c : n CO2 0,35
n H2O 0, 45
47

R OH : 0,15(mol)
BTNT.O
hh
n Trong
0,35.2 0, 45 0, 4.2 0,35 1
O
R 2 (COOH) 2 : 0, 05(mol)
T s mol CO2 suy ra hai ancol phi l CH3OH v C2H5OH v axit l HOOC CH2 COOH
HOOC CH 2 COOH : 0, 05
0,1.32
BTNT.C
CH3OH : 0,1
%CH3OH
29,91%
10, 7
CH CH OH : 0, 05
3 2
Cu 41: Chn p n B
D suy ra trong cht bo c tng cng 9 lin kt hay 6 lin kt trong mch cacbon.
a
0, 6
0,1(mol)
6
Cu 42: Chn p n A
C 3 pht biu sai l (4), (5), (8)
(4). Saccaroz c cu to t hai gc -glucoz v -fructoz
(5). Hiro ha hon ton glucoz to ra sobitol.
(8). Amilopectin trong tinh bt c cc lin kt -1,4-glicozit v -1,6-glicozit
Cu 43: Chn p n C
C3H 7 NH 2 (2dp)
19,1 11,8
nX
0, 2 M X 59 CH3 NHC2 H5
Ta c :
36,5
CH3 3 N
BTKL
Cu 44: Chn p n A
Cc bn cn phi nh mt s loi aminoaxit quan trng sau :
Gly : NH 2 CH 2 COOH
c M = 75
Ala : CH3 CH NH2 COOH
c M = 89
Val : CH3 CH(CH3 ) CH NH2 COOH
c M = 117
Lys : H2 N CH2 4 CH(NH2 ) COOH
c M = 146
Glu : HOOC CH2 2 CH(NH2 ) COOH
c M = 147
Tyr : HO C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH(NH 2 ) COOH
c M = 181
phe : C 6 H5CH2CH NH2 COOH
c M = 165
Ta c : n Ala Gly Val Phe
58,8
0,15(mol) NaOH c d
89 75 117 165 3.18
BTKL
58,8 3.0,15.18 0, 7.40 m 0,15.4.18 m 84,1(gam)
48

Cu 45: Chn p n C
A. Sai trng hp ch khng phi trng ngng.
B. Sai thu c PS
ng trng ngng
lapsan Poli(etylen terephtalat)
C. ng HOOC C 6 H4 COOH HO CH2 2 OH
D. Sai visco l t bn tng hp

Cu 46: Chn p n A
Cu 47: Chn p n B
(1). Sai metanol l cht lng k thng.
(2). ng.
(3). ng. Cc cht c lin kt khng bn, vng 3 cnh v nhm CHO c kh nng tc dng vi nc
brom.
(4). Sai axetilen to kt ta vng.
Cu 48: Chn p n C
Cc cht c th phn ng c vi c ba tc nhn l :
(2) phenol (C6H5OH), (3) axit axetic, v (4) glyxin
Cu 49: Chn p n C
S ng phn ca C3H6O2 l :
CH3CH 2COOH , HCOOC2 H 5 , CH3COOCH3 , HO CH 2 CH 2 CHO , CH3 CH(OH) CHO
x s gm : CH3CH 2COOH
y s gm : HCOOC2 H 5 v CH3COOCH3
z s gm : HCOOC2 H 5
t s gm : HO CH 2 CH 2 CHO v CH3 CH(OH) CHO
Cu 50: Chn p n D
Ch : NO ngoi khng kh gp Oxi bin ngay thnh NO2 l tc nhn chnh gy ra ma axit
49

MN HA HC LN 5 THPT CHUYN H LONG
Cho KLNT: C = 12; N = 14; P = 31; O = 16; S = 32; H = 1; Li = 7; Na = 23; K = 39; Mg = 24; Ca = 40; Sr =
87,5; Ba = 137; Al = 27; Zn = 65; Cu = 64; Pb = 207; Ag = 108; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Mn = 55; Cl = 35,5; Br =
80.
Cu 1: t chy hon ton 17,4 gam hn hp Mg v Al trong kh oxi (d) thu c 30,2 gam hn hp
oxit. Th tch kh oxi (o ktc) tham gia phn ng l
A. 11,20 lt.
B. 17,92 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 8,96 lt.
Bo ton khi lng
Cu 2: Cng thc n gin nht ca mt hirocacbon l CnH2n+1. Hirocacbon thuc dy ng
ng ca
A. anken.
B. ankan.
C. ankaien.
D. ankin.
Da vo bn cht S H=2*s C + 2
Cu 3: Ngnh sn xut no sau y khng thuc v cng nghip silicat?
A. Xi mng.
B. Thy tinh thng. C. Thy tinh hu c. D. gm.
Cu 4: no sau y ng?
A. Ch c nhng phn ng thun nghch mi c trng thi cn bng ha hc.
B. Bt c phn ng no cng phi t n trng thi cn bng ha hc.
C. Khi phn ng thun nghch t trng thi cn bng th phn ng dng li.
D. trng thi cn bng, th tch cc cht hai v phng trnh ha hc phi bng nhau.
Cu 5: Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi metan bng 6,25 v khi tham gia phn ng x
phng ho to ra mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp
vi X?
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
M=100; cng thc dng RCOOCH=CHR => R+R=30;
Cc cht: HCOOCH=CHC2H5; HCOOCH=C(CH3)2; CH3COOCH=CHCH3; C2H5COOCH=CH2
Cu 6: Dung dch X gm HCl v H2SO4 c pH = 2. trung ha hon ton 0,59 gam hn hp hai
amin no, mch h, n chc bc mt (c s nguyn t cacbon nh hn hoc bng 4) phi dng 1 lt
dung dch X. Hai amin c th l
A. CH3NH2 v C4H9NH2.
B. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2.
50

C. C2H5NH2 v C4H9NH2.
D. CH3NH2 v C4H9NH2 hoc C2H5NH2 v C4H9NH2.
[H+]=0,01=n amin; M amin = 59; R = 43; R l C3H7; loi p n B.
Cu 7: Cho 0,15 mol ancol X phn ng vi kim loi natri (d) th thu c 3,36 lt kh hiro (o
ktc). S nhm chc ancol trong X l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cng thc: nH2= (s nhm OH/2)* n ancol = > nH2= n ancol; nn ancol c 2 nhm OH;
Cu 8: Cho cc cht sau:
CH3
C2H3
(1)
CH3
(2)
C2H5
C2H5
(3)
C2H5
(4)
C bao nhiu cht l ng ng ca Benzen?

A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
C2H3
(5)
D. 3.
Cht 2, 3, 4, cht 1 v 5 c gc vinyl nn loi;

Cu 9: Khi cho 5,6 gam Fe tc dng vi 250 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M th sau khi phn ng kt thc
thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn?
A. 27,0 gam.
B. 20,7 gam.
C. 37,0 gam.
D. 21,6 gam.
nAgNO3/nFe=2,5 nn to 2 mui Fe2+ v Fe3+; bo ton Ag;
Cu 10: Mt mu nc cng c cha cc ion: Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO 3 , Cl , SO 24 . Cht c kh nng lm
mm mu nc cng trn l
A. HCl.
B. NaHCO3.
C. Na3PO4.
D. BaCl2.
Cu 11: Cho cc gluxit: mantoz, glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz. C bao nhiu
cht va lm nht mu nc brom va c phn ng trng bc?
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Mantoz v fructoz
Cu 12: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao
NaOH?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, Al2O3, Zn.
Cu 13: Cht no sau y khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH?
A. CO2.
B. CuO.
C. Cl2.
D. Al.
Cu 14: Cng thc cu to thu gn ca glixerol l

A. CH2(OH) CH2 CH2(OH).
B. CH2(OH) CH2(OH).
C. CH2(OH) CH(OH) CH2(OH).
D. CH2(OH) CH2(OH) CH2(OH).
51

Cu 15: Cho cc cp oxi ha kh sau: Sn4+/Sn2+; Cu2+/Cu; Fe3+/Fe2+. Cho bit tnh oxi ha tng dn
theo th t: Sn4+, Cu2+, Fe3+; tnh kh gim dn theo th t: Sn2+, Cu, Fe2+. D on cc phn ng sau
y c xy ra khng?
1. Cu + FeCl3
A. 1 ( c), 2 ( c).
C. 1 ( c), 2 ( khng).
2. SnCl2 + FeCl3
B. 1 ( khng), 2 ( c).
D. 1 ( khng), 2( khng).
Dng quy tc anpha;

Cu 16: Anken thch hp iu ch 3-etylpentan-3-ol bng phn ng hirat ha l
A. 3-etylpent-2-en.
B. 3, 3-imetylpent-2-en.
C. 3-etylpent-3-en.
D. 3-etylpent-1-en.
Vit CTCT ancol v dng pp tch nc tm anken;
Cu 17: Dn kh than t qua m gam hn hp X gm cc cht Fe2O3, CuO, Fe3O4 (c s mol bng
nhau) un nng thu c 36 gam hn hp cht rn Y. Cho Y phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3
long d thu c 11,2 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht o ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 48,2.
B. 54,2.
C. 47,2.
D. 46,4.
Coi s mol mi oxit l a mol; => nFe=5a, nCu=a, nO d =b ; 344a + 16b = 36; bo ton e cho hn
hp 36 gam;
3*Fe + 2*nCu = 3*nNO + 2* nO d => 15a + 2a = 2b + 3*0,3; a=0,1; b=0,1; m = 472*0,1=47,2 gam
Cu 18: kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 cn dng va 2,24 lt H2
(o ktc). Khi lng Fe thu c l
A. 15 gam.
B. 17 gam.
C. 16 gam.
D. 18 gam.
m Fe = 17,6 mO = 17,6 0,1*16=16 gam
Cu 19: C bao nhiu hp cht hu c mch h c cng thc phn t C3HxO va phn ng vi H2
(xc tc Ni, to), va phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng?
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cht phi c lin kt 3 u mch hoc c nhm CHO;
TH1: x= 2; C3H2O; CHC-CHO
TH2: x=4; C3H4O; (k=2) CH2=CH-CHO; CHC-OCH3; CHC-CH2OH
TH3: x=6; C3H6O; C2H5CHO;
Cu 20: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(1) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch KMnO4.
(2) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch H2S.
(3) Sc hn hp kh thu c khi nhit phn Cu(NO3)2 vo nc.
(4) Cho Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3.
(5) Cho HCl vo dung dch Fe(NO3)2.
(6) Cho Fe2O3 vo dung dch HI.
S th nghim c phn ng oxi ha kh xy ra l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 4.
52

Cu 21: Sc kh clo d vo dung dch cha mui NaBr v KBr thu c mui NaCl v KCl, ng thi
thy khi lng mui gim 4,45 gam. Th tch kh clo tham gia phn ng vi 2 mui trn (o
ktc) l
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 1,12 lt.
Phng php tng gim khi lng: nCl2 =1/2n mui =4,45/(80-35,5)=0,05 mol;
Cu 22: Khi x phng ha hon ton tristearin ta thu c sn phm l
A. C17H35COOH v glixerol.
B. C15H31COONa v etanol.
C. C17H35COONa v glixerol.
D. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
Cu 23: Hnh v sau do mt hc sinh v

e
m t li th nghim n mn in ha
C
Zn
hc khi cm hai l Cu v Zn (c ni vi
u
nhau bng mt dy dn) vo dung dch
H2SO4 long:
Trong hnh v bn chi tit no cha
ng?
Zn
H
A. Chiu dch chuyn ca ion Zn2+.
Dung dich H2SO4
B. B mt hai thanh Cu v Zn.
C. Chiu chuyn dch ca cc electron
trong dy dn.
D. K hiu cc in cc
Kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn lun l cc m v n b n mn;
Cu 24: H s trng hp ca t nilon-6,6 (M = 2500 vC) v t capron (M = 15000 vC) ln lt l
A. 11 v 123.
B. 11 v 133.
C. 22 v 123.
D. 22 v 133.
2
Cu 25: Cht rn X mu thm tan trong nc thnh dung dch mu vng. Mt s cht nh S, P, C,
C2H5OH bc chy khi tip xc vi X. Cht X l
A. CrO3.
B. P.
C. Cu.
D. Fe2O3.
Cu 26: Cho cc bc tin hnh th nghim trng bc bng andehit fomic:
(1). Nh tip 3-5 git dung dch HCHO vo ng nghim.
(2). Nh t t tng git dung dch NH3 2M cho n khi kt ta sinh ra b ha tan ht.
(3). un nng nh hn hp 60 -70 oC trong vi pht.
(4). Cho 1 ml AgNO3 1% vo ng nghim sch.
Th t tin hnh ng l
A. (4), (2), (1), (3).
B. (4), (2), (3), (1).
C. (1), (4), (2), (3).
D. (1), (2), (3), (4).
Cu 27: Cho 44 gam NaOH vo dung dch cha 39,2 gam H3PO4. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon
ton, em lm kh. Mui no c to thnh v khi lng mui khan thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 14,2 gam Na2HPO4 v 49,2 gam Na3PO4.
B. 15 gam Na3HPO4.
C. 19,2 gam NaH2PO4 v 14,2 gam Na2HPO4.
D. 50 gam Na3PO4 .
Dng pp t l v bo ton nguyn t tm s mol tng mui;
53

Cu 28: Thy phn 5,13 gam mantoz trong mi trng axit vi hiu sut 35%, sau tin hnh
phn ng trng bc (hiu sut 100%) i vi dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca
m l
A. 2,268 gam.
B. 4,374 gam.
C. 1,134 gam.
D. 2,106 gam.
nAg = 4*n mantoz b thy phn + 2*n mantoz d =4*0,015*0,35+2*0,015*0,65=0,0405 mol
Cu 29: Ion M3+ c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 3d3. Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Trong bng tun hon M nm chu k 4, nhm VIB.
B. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l: [Ar]3d44s2.
C. M2O3 v M(OH)3 c tnh cht lng tnh.
D. Ion M3+ va c tnh kh, va c tnh oxi ha.
M l kim loi crom;
Cu 30: Cho cc polime: polietilen (1); poli (metyl metacrylat) (2); polibutaien (3); polistiren (4); poli
(vinyl axetat) (5); t nilon 6,6 (6). Trong cc polime trn, nhng polime c th b thy phn c trong
dung dch axit v dung dch kim l
A. (1), (2), (5).
B. (2), (5), (6).
C. (2), (3), (6).
D. (1), (4), (5).
Cu 31: t chy este 2 chc mch h (X c to t axit cacboxylic no, a chc) thu c tng th
tch CO2 v H2O gp 5/3 ln th tch O2 cn dng. Ly 21,6 gam X tc dng hon ton vi 400ml
dung dch NaOH 1M, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ln nht ca
m l
A. 26,2
B. 28,0
C. 24,8
D. 24,1
Gii Gi CTTQ este hai chc CxHyO4
CxHyO4 + (x+y/4-2)O2 x CO2 + y/2H2O
x + y/2 = 5/3*(x+y/4-2) => nghim ng ( x = 6 ; y = 8)
CTPT ca este l C6H8O4 nX = 0,15 mol ; nNaOH = 0,4 mol s mol NaOH d 0,1 mol
CTCT CH3OOC-CH2-COOCH=CH2
CH3OOC-COO-CH2CH=CH2
TH1 CH3OOC-CH2-COOCH=CH2 + 2NaOH ( NaOOC-CH2-COONa + CH3OH + CH3CHO
0,15 0,3 0,15
mrn = 0,15x 148 + 0,1x40 = 26,2
TH2 CH3OOC-COO-CH2CH=CH2 + 2NaOH ( NaOOC-COONa + CH3OH +CH2=CH-CH2OH
0,15 0,3 0,15
mrn = 0,15x 134 + 0,1x40 = 24,1
Cu 32: Cho 3,48 gam bt Mg tan ht trong dung dch hn hp gm HCl v KNO3, thu c dung
dch X cha m gam mui v 0,56 lt (o ktc) hn hp kh Y gm N2 v H2. Kh Y c t khi so vi
A. 18,035.
B. 14,485.
C. 16,085.
D. 18,300.
V c kh H2 ===> ion NO3- ht ==> phng trnh II
Gii bng bo ton mol e phng trnh ion nhanh hn
54

Tnh c mol N2 = 0,02, mol H2 = 0,005
mol Mg = 0,145 ==> mol e nhng = 0,29 ==> mol NH4+ = 0,01
2 NO3- + 10e + 12 H+ ----> N2 + 6 H2O
0,04-------0,2------0,24-------0,02
NO3- + 8e + 10 H+ ----> NH4+ + 3 H2O
0,01----0,08------0,1-------0,01
2 H+ + 2e ----> H2
0,01----0,01------0,005
mol HCl = mol Cl- = mol H+ = 0,35
mol KNO3 = mol K+ = mol NO3- = 0,05
mui gm : Mg2+ = 0,145 mol, NH4+ = 0,01 mol, K+ = 0,05 v mol Cl- = 0,35
khi lng mui = 24*0,145 + 39*0,05 + 35,5*0,35 = 18,035
Cu 33: Hn hp X gm nhiu ancol, andehit v axit cacboxylic u mch h. Cho NaOH d vo m
gam X thy c 0,2 mol NaOH phn ng. Nu cho Na d vo m gam X th thy c 12,32 lt kh H2 (o
ktc) bay ra. Cho m gam X vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d thy c 43,2 gam kt ta xut hin.
Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam X thu c 57,2 gam CO2. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton,
tng s mol cc ancol trong X l 0,4 mol, trong X khng cha HCHO v HCOOH. Gi tr ng ca m
gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 43.
B. 41.
C. 40.
D. 42.
Cch 1 :
- Coi hn hp gm COOH ; CHO v R(OH)n ; (phn C v H ca axit v anehit c dn vo gc
R ca ancol)
- nCOOH=0,2 mol ; nCOOH + nOH = 2*nH2 ; => nOH = 0,9 mol ; nCHO=0,2 mol ; nC=1,3 mol ; n
ancol =0,4 ; nC trong gc R =0,9 ;
- Ta nhn thy nC trong gc R =nOH => s nhm OH bng s C ; coi ancol l hn hp 2 cht
C2H4(OH)2 xmol ; C3H5(OH)3 y mol ; x + y =0,4 ; 2x+3y=0,9 ; x=0,3 ; y=0,1 ;
Vy m = 0,2*45+0,2*29+ 0,3*62+ 0,1*92=42,6 gam
Cch 2: V ancol c s C = s nhm OH nn ancol c k=0; s C trung bnh =0,9/0,4=2,25 => s H
trung bnh = 2*2,25+2=6,25; vy cng thc trung bnh ancol l C2,25H6,25O2,25 0,4 mol
Vy m = 0,2*45+0,2*29+0,4*69,5=42,6 gam.
Cu 34: Hn hp M gm mt peptit mch h X v mt peptit mch h Y (mi peptit c cu to t
mt loi -aminoaxit, tng s nhm CONH trong 2 phn t X, Y l 5) vi t l s mol nX : nY = 1 : 3.
Khi thy phn hon ton m gam M thu c 81 gam glyxin v 42,72 gam alanin. Gi tr ca m l
A. 104,28.
B. 116,28.
C. 109,5.
D. 110,28.
Ta c : nGlyxin : n Alanin = (81 :75) : ( 42,72: 89) = 9/4
M nX : nY = 1 : 3 v tng s nhm CO-NH- trong X v Y bng 5 ; X v Y ch cu to t 1 loi
amino axit nn => X l tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala v Y l tripeptit Gly-Gly-Gly (da vo t l mol
v t l gc)
A4 + 3H2O4A ; G3 + 2H2O 3G
Suy ra nX = nAla : 4 = 0,48 :4 = 0,12 => nY = 0,12 x 3= 0,36 (mol)
Suy ra mM = 0,12x(89x4 18x3) + 0,36x(75x3-18x2) = 104,28 gam
55

Cu 35: Cho mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc C2H10N2O3. Cho 11 gam cht X tc dng vi mt
dung dch c cha 12 gam NaOH, un nng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c hn hp
Y gm hai kh u c kh nng lm i mu qu tm m v dung dch Z. C cn Z thu c m gam
cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 24,6.
B. 10,6.
C. 14,6.
D. 28,4.
X c cng thc: CH3NH3OCOONH4+ 2NaOHCH3NH2+ NH3 + Na2CO3 + 2H2O
nNaOH=0,3; nX=0,1; m cht rn = 0,1*106+0,1*40= 14,6 gam
Cu 36: Cht X l mt aminoaxit thin nhin, mch khng nhnh, trong phn t ch cha mt nhm
NH2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 13,1 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 16,75 gam
mui khan. Tn gi ca X l
A. Axit 2-amino-2-metylpentanoic.
B. Axit -aminovaleric.
C. Axit -aminocaproic.
D. Axit 2-aminohexanoic.
H2NRCOOH ; R=70 ; R l C5H10
Cu 37: Hn hp X cha 4 hirocacbon u th kh c s nguyn t cacbon lp thnh cp s cng
v c cng s nguyn t hiro. Nung nng 6,72 lt hn hp E cha X v H2 c mt Ni lm xc tc thu
c hn hp F c t khi so vi He bng 9,5. Dn ton b F qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 d thy s
mol Br2 phn ng l a mol; ng thi khi lng bnh tng 3,68 gam. Kh thot ra khi bnh (hn hp
kh T) c th tch l 1,792 lt ch cha cc hirocacbon. t chy ton b T thu c 4,32 gam nc.
Th tch cc kh u o ktc. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,12 mol.
B. 0,14 mol.
C. 0,13 mol.
D. 0,16 mol.
4 cht l CH4, C2H4, C3H4, C4H4. a, b, c, d mol tng ng
nT=0,3 mol; MS=38; m phn khng no =3,68 gam;n phn no =0,08 mol; nH2O=0,24 mol;
nCO2=0,24-0,08=0,16 mol; m phn no =0,16*12+2*0,24= 2,4 gam;mS=3,68+2,4 =6,08;
=> nS=6,08/38=0,16; nH2 ban u= nT-nS=0,3-0,16=0,14 mol; nX =0,16 mol;
mX=6,08-0,14*2=5,8; =>nC(trong X)=(5,8-0,16*4)/12=0,43 mol;
Bo ton C v tng s mol: a+ 2b+3c+4d=0,43; a+b+c+d=0,16; =>b+2c+3d= 0,27= nH2+nBr2
=> nBr2=0,13 mol
Cu 38: Trong t nhin Agon c 3 loi ng v bn vi t l % nguyn t l:
0,337%
0,063%
99,6%
Cho rng nguyn t khi ca cc ng v trng vi s khi ca chng. Th tch ca 20 gam Agon
(o ktc) bng
A. 1,121 dm3.
B. 11,204 dm3.
C. 11,214 dm3.
D. 1,120 dm3.
Tnh M v tnh mol
56

Cu 39: Ha tan hon ton 9,95 gam hn hp X gm Na, K v Ba vo 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M thu
c dung dch Y v 2,24 lt kh H2 (o ktc). C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 15,2.
B. 13,5.
C. 17,05.
D. 11,65.
m cht rn =m Kl + mCl + mOHCu 40: Hn hp X gm Al, Fe3O4 v CuO, trong oxi chim 25% khi lng hn hp. Cho 1,344 lt
kh CO (o ktc) i qua m gam X nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c cht rn Y v hn hp kh
Z c t khi so vi H2 bng 18. Ha tan hon ton Y trong dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c
dung dch cha 3,08m gam mui v 0,896 lt kh NO (l sn phm kh duy nht o ktc). Gi tr m
gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 9,0.
B. 8,0.
C. 8,5.
D. 9,5.
ban u, mkl=0,75m, mO=0,25m
gii h pt=>CO2=CO=0,03 => nO trong oxit b ly=0,03=> nO cn:0,25m/16-0,03
nHNO3 p=2nO +4NO=0,25m/8 +0,1
bo ton N: nNO3 to mui= HNO3-NO=0,25m/8 +0,06
m mui=mkl +mNO3-=>3,08m=62*(0,25m/8 +0,06) +0,75m
m=9,48=> n n D
Cu 41: Hp cht hu c X thun chc (ch cha C,H,O). Cho 5,8 gam X tc dng vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 c 43,2 gam Ag. Hidro ha hon ton 0,1 mol X c cht Y. Ton b Y
phn ng va ht 4,6 gam Natri. t chy hon ton X thu c
A. nCO2 nH2O
B. nCO2 2nH 2O
C. 2nCO2 nH 2O
D. 3nCO2 nH2O
Y c 2 nhm OH; X l OHC-CHO;
Cu 42: Nhng cp kh no sau y c th tn ti trong cng mt bnh kh kn iu kin thng?
CO2 v Cl2 (1);
HBr v N2 (5);
A. (1), (4), (7), (8).
C. (1), (4), (5), (6), (8).
SO2 v H2S (2);
Cl2 v H2S (3);
Cl2 v O2 (4);
N2 v NH3 (6);
Cl2 v NH3 (7);

NO2 v O2 (8)
B. (1), (3), (4), (5), (6).
D. (1), (3), (4), (5), (8).
Cu 43: in phn (vi in cc tr) 300 ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 nng a mol/l, sau mt thi gian
thu c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 72 gam so vi dung dch ban u. Cho
67,2 gam bt st vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 31,2 gam hn hp kim loi.
Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht ca NO3-. Gi tr ca a l
A. 3,60.
B. 4,05.
C. 3,90.
D. 3,75.
nCu to ra =2x; nO2=x (bo ton e); 64*2x+32x=72; => x=0,45 mol; nH+=4*nO2= 1,8 mol; nCu2+ d
=y mol; bo ton e: 2*nFe=2y + 3*nNO; nNO=1/4*nH+ =0,45 mol;
(1,2-nFe)*56+64y=31,2; gii h => nFe phn ng =0,9; nCu2+ d = y =0,225 mol;
=> nCu2+ ban u = 0,9+0,225=1,125 mol; => a=1,125/0,3=3,75 mol;
Cu 44: Ba dung dch X, Y, Z tha mn cc iu kin sau:
- X tc dng vi Y th c kt ta xut hin.
- Ytc dng vi Z th c kt ta xut hin.
57

- X tc dng vi Z th c kh thot ra .
X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. Al2(SO4)3, BaCl2, Na2SO4.
B. FeCl2, Ba(OH)2, AgNO3.
C. NaHCO3, NaHSO4, BaCl2.
D. NaHSO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3.
(1) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch HCl.
(2) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch Cu(NO3)2.
(3) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch FeCl3.
(4) Ni mt dy Cu vi mt dy Fe ri trong khng kh m.
(5) t mt dy Fe trong bnh kn cha y kh O2.
(6) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch cha ng thi CuSO4 v H2SO4 long.
Trong cc th nghim trn, th nghim m Fe khng b n mn in ha hc l
A. (2), (4), (6).
B. (1), (3), (5).
C. (1), (3), (4), (5).
D. (2), (3), (4), (6).
Cu 46: Khi thy phn ht pentapeptit X (Gly-Ala-Val-Ala-Gly) th thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm
cha gc glyxyl m dung dch ca n c phn ng mu biure?
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 9.
Tripeptit tr ln c phn ng mu biure.
Cu 47: Dn hn hp kh X gm etilen v axetilen qua bnh ng dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 (d)
n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c 28,8 gam kt ta v thy c 2,912 lt kh (o ktc)
thot ra. Phn trm khi lng ca axetilen trong X l
A. 53,85%.
B. 46,15%.
C. 50,15%.
D. 49,85%..
Kt ta C2Ag2;
Cu 48: Cho hi nc qua than nung , sau khi lm kh ht hi nc thu c hn hp kh X (gm
CO, H2 v CO2) c t khi ca X so vi H2 bng 7,875. Cn bao nhiu kg than c cha 4% tp cht tr
thu c 960 m3 hn hp kh X trn o 1,64 atm v 127oC, bit rng c 96% cacbon b t chy?
A. 225,000 kg.
B. 156,250 kg.
C. 216,000 kg.
D. 234,375 kg.
M=15,75; nX= 48 k mol;
C + H2O CO + H2
C + 2H2O CO2 + 2H2
x----------------x------x
y------------------y----------2y
Lp h tm x, y ri tnh kt qu: 2x + 3y=48; 30x+48y=756; =>x=6; y=12; m=18*12/(0,96*0,96)=234,375

Cu 49: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng
ng thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 (o ktc) v 12,6 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu cho m gam hn hp X tc
dng vi 10 gam Na th sau phn ng thu c a gam cht rn. Gi tr ca a v m ln lt l
A. 9,2 v 22,6.
B. 23,4 v 13,8.
C. 13,8 v 23,4.
D. 9,2 v 13,8.
nCO2=0,5; nH2O=0,7; n ancol = 0,2 mol; s C = 2,5 => ancol l C2H4(OH)2;
m =mC+mH+mO=0,5*12+1,4+0,4*16=13,8; nNa=0,25; nH2=1/2nOH=0,2, bo ton khi lng
13,8+ 10 = m cht rn + 0,2*2 ; => m cht rn =23,4 gam
58

Cu 50: Nh t t n d KOH vo
dung dch hn hp gm a mol HCl v x
mol ZnSO4 ta quan st hin tng theo
th hnh bn (s liu tnh theo n v
mol). Gi tr ca x (mol) l
A. 0,65.
B. 0,4.
C. 0,6.
D. 0,7.
Dng cng thc n Zn(OH)2=(4nZn2+ - nOH-)/2 khi kt ta bn phi th;
59

MN HA HC LN 6 THPT CHUYN NGUY N HU
Cu 1 : Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na2O v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch X trong
sut. Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100ml th bt ng xut hin kt ta, khi ht 300ml
hoc 700ml th u thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a v ca m ln lt l:
A. 15,6 v 5,4.
B. 14,04 v 26,68.
C. 23,4 v 35,9.
D. 15,6 v 27,7.
Cu 2: Hn hp hu c X c to bi glixerol v axit axetic. Trong phn t X, s nguyn t H bng
tng s nguyn t C v O. Thy phn hon ton m gam X cn dung va 300 ml dung dch NaOH
1M. Gi tr ca m l:
A.40,2.
B. 39,6.
C. 21,8.
D. 26,4.
Cu 3: Nhit phn cc cht sau: NH4NO3, CaCO3, Cu(NO3)2, KMnO4, Mg(OH)2, AgNO3, NH4Cl,
Al(OH)3. S phn ng xy ra v s phn ng oxi ha kh l:
A. 8-5.
B. 6-4.
C. 7-5.
D. 8-4.
Cu 4: Cho cc nguyn t: Na, Ca, H, O, S c th to ra bao nhiu phn t hp cht c KLPT 82 m
trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ha tr?
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 5: Cho kh H2S li chm cho n d qua hn hp gm FeCl2, AlCl3, NH4Cl, CuCl2 thu c kt
ta X. Thnh phn ca X l:
A. CuS, S.
B. CuS.
C. FeS, CuS.
D. FeS, Al2S3, CuS
Cu 6: Cho 10,2 gam hp cht hu c X ( c thnh phn nguyn t C, H, O) tc dng va vi
dung dch cha 0,45 mol AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca
X l:
A. CHC-[CH2]2-CHO.
B. CH3-CC-CHO.
C. CH2=C=CH-CHO.
D. CH C-CH2-CHO
Cu 7: Hn hp kh A gm Cl2 v O2. Cho A phn ng va vi 1 hn hp gm 4,8 gam Mg v 8,1
gam Al thu c 37,05 gam hn hp cc mui clorua v cc oxit ca 2 kim loi. Thnh phn % theo
khi lng ca cc kh trong A l:
A. 90% v 10%.
B. 15,5% v 84,5%.
C. 73,5% v 26,5%.
D. 56% v 35%.
60

Cu 8: Cho 300ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M v 250 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 x(M) thu c 8,55 gam
kt ta. Thm tip 400 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo hn hp phn ng th lng kt ta thu c
l 18,8475 gam. Gi tr ca X l:
A. 0,10.
B. 0,12.
C. 0,06.
D. 0,09.
Cu 9: cho 1 ming Fe vo cc ng dung dch H2SO4 long. Bt kh H2 s bay ra nhanh hn khi ta
thm vo cc trn dung dch mu no trong cc dung dch sau:
A. HgSO4.
B. Al2(SO4)3.
C. Na2SO4.
D. MgSO4
Cu 10: sp xp cc ion theo chiu gim dn tnh oxi ha ( t tri qua phi):
A. Ag+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cu2+, H+.
B. Fe2+, H+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Ag+
C. Ag+, Fe3+, Cu2+, H+, Fe2+.
D. Fe3+, Ag+, Fe2+, Cu2+, H+.
Cu 11: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 0,07 mol mt ancol a chc v 0,03 mol mt ancol khng
no, c mt lin kt i, mch h, thu c 0,23 mol kh CO2 v m gam H2O.Gi tr ca m l:
A. 2,70.
B. 8,40.
C. 5,40.
D. 2,34.
Cu 12: Hn hp X gm: C4H4, C4H2, C4H6, C4H8, C4H10. TL khi ca X so vi H2 l 27. t chy hon
ton X, cn dung va V lt O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v 0,03 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 1,232.
B. 2,464.
C. 3,696.
D. 7,392.
Cu 13: Thy phn mt lng pentapeptit mch h X ch thu c 3,045 gam Ala-Gly-Gly; 3,48 gam
Gly-Val; 7,5 gam Gly; 2,34 gam Val; x mol Val-Ala v y mol Ala.Bit X c cng thc
Ala Gly Gly Val Ala T l x:y l:
A. 6:1.
B. 2:5.
C. 11:16.
D. 7:20.
Cu 14: Dy cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng thy phn trong dung dch NaOH un
nng l:
A. cht bo, protein v vinylclorua.
B. etylaxetat, tinh bt v protein.
C. cht bo, xenlulozo v tinh bt.
D. Cht bo, protein v etylclorua.
Cu 15: Cht hu c A ch cha C, H, O c CTPT trng CT n gin nht. Cho 2,76 gam A tc dng
vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, chng kh th phn bay hi ch c H2O, phn cht rn khan
cha 2 mui c khi lng 4,44 gam. t chy hon ton hai mui ny c 3,18 gam Na2CO3; 2,464
lt CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam H2O. Nu t chy 2,76 gam A th khi lng H2O thu c l:
A. 1,08g.
B. 1,2 gam.
C. 0,36 gam.
D. 0,9 gam.
Cu 16: Trong mt bnh kn cha 0,35 mol C2H2; 0,65 mol H2 v mt t bt Ni, un nng bnh 1 thi
gian, thu c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Sc X vo lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3 n phn ng hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y v 12 gam kt ta. Hn hp kh Y phn
ng va vi bao nhiu mol Br2 trong dung dch.
A. 0,25 mol .
B. 0,20 mol.
C. 0,15 mol.
D. 0,10 mol.
Cu 17: Ba cht hu c mch h X, Y, Z c cng cng thc phn t C3H4O2 v c cc tnh cht sau: X,
Y u c phn ng cng hp vi Br2, cho 1 mol X hoc 1 mol Z tc dng vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng thu cti a 4 mol Ag.Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l :
A. CH2=CH-COOH, HCOOCH=CH2, OHC-CH2-CHO.
B. HCOOCH=CH2, CH2=CH-COOH, OHC-CH2-CHO.
C. HCOOCH=CH2, CH3-CO-CHO, OHC-CH2-CHO.
61

D. OHC-CH2-CHO, CH2=CH-COOH, HCOOCH=CH2.
Cu 18: Mt lng Ag dng bt c ln Fe, Cu. loi b tp cht m khng lm thay i lng Ag
ban u, c th ngm lng Ag trn vo lng d dung dch.
A. HCl.
B. Fe(NO3)3.
C. AgNO3.
D. HNO3.
Cu 19: Xt cc cn bng sau:
2SO2(k) + O2(k)
1
SO2(k) + O2(k)
2
2SO3(k)
(1)
SO3(k)
(2)
2SO3(k)
2SO2(k) + O2
(3)
Gi K1, K2, K3 l hng s cn bng ng vi cc cn bng (1), (2), (3) th biu thc lin h gia chng l:
A. K1= K2=( K3)-1.
B . K1=( K2)2=( K3)-1.
C. K1= K2= K3.
D. K1=2 K2=( K3)-1.
Cu 20: Oxi ha m gam ancol n chc X, thu c hn hp Y gm cacboxylic, nc v ancol d.
Chia Y lm hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt phn ng hon ton vi dung dch KHCO3 d, thu c
2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Phn hai phn ng vi Na va , thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc) v 19 gam
cht rn khan. Tn ca X l:
A. propan-1-ol.
B.etanol.
C. metanol.
B. propan-2-ol.
Cu 21: cho s phn ng: thuc sung khng khiXYsobitol. X , Y ln lt l:
A. xenluloz, Glucoz.
B. Saccaroz, Glucoz.
C. xenluloz, fuctoz.
D. tinh bt, Glucoz.
Cu 22: A c cng thc phn t C7H8O. Khi phn ng vi dung dch Br2 d to thnh sn phm B, c
MB MA = 237. S cht A tha mn l:
A. 1.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 23: cho a mol CO2 hp th ht vo dung dch cha b mol NaOH thu c dung dch X. Cho
BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m(g) kt ta. Nu cho Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch X thu c m1
(g) kt ta m1 m .T s T=b/a c gi tr ng l:
A. T>0.
B. 0<T<1.
C. T2.
D. 1<T<2.
Cu 24: X l mt Aminioaxit no , cha 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2. T 3m gam X iu ch
c m1 gam dipeptit. T m gam X iu ch c m2 gam tripeptit. t chy m1 gam dipeptit thu
c 1,35 mol nc. t chy m2 gam tripeptit thu c 0,425 mol H2O. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 11,25gam.
B. 26,70gam.
C. 13,35gam.
D. 22,50gam.
Cu 25: Bit X l axit cacboxylic n chc, Y l ancol no, c hai cht u mch h, c cng s nguyn
t cacbon. t chy hon ton 0,4 mol hn hp gm X v Y (trong s mol ca X ln hn s mol
ca Y) cn va 30,24 lt kh O2, thu c 26,88 lt kh CO2 v 19,8 gam H2O. Bit th tch cc kh
iu kin tiu chun. Khi lng ca Y trong 0,4 mol hn hp trn l:
A. 9,0 gam.
B. 11,4 gam.
C. 19,0 gam.
D. 17,7 gam.
Cu 26: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc nhm A lin tip, Bit ZX<ZY v ZX + ZY =31. Y thuc nhm
VIA. Kt lun no sau y l ng vi X, Y?
A. X, Y u l kim loi .
62

B. trng thi c bn Y c 1 electron c thn.
C. trng thi c bn X c 3 electron c thn.
D. Cng thc oxit cao nht ca X l X2O3.
Cu 27: Hn hp A gm N2 v H2 c t l s mol tng ng l 1:4. Nung A vi xc tc thch hp thu
c hn hp kh B, trong NH3 chim 20% v th tch. Hiu sut ca phn ng tng hp NH3 l:
A. 10,41%.
B. 41,67%.
C. 20,83%.
D. 43,76%.
Cu 28: Cho 9 gam mt aminoaxit X (phn t ch cha 1 nhm COOH) tc dng vi lng d dd
KOH thu c 13,56 gam mui. X l:
A. Glixin.
B. Alanin.
C. Valin.
D. phenylalanine.
Cu 29: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit a xalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng ht
vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt O2
(ktc), thu c 4,84 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l:
A. 1,62.
B. 3,60.
C. 1,44.
D. 1,80.
Cu 30: Trn 250 ml dung dch HCl 0,08 M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dng dch Ba(OH)2 x M. Thu m
gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Gi tr ca m v x ln lt l:
A. 1,165g v 0,04M.
B. 0,5825g v 0,03M.
C. 0,5825g v 0,06M.
D. 1,165g v 0,04M
Cu 31: Cho axit cacboxylic X phn ng vi cht Y thu c mt mui c cng thc phn t
C2H7O2N (sn phm duy nht). S cp X v Y tha mn iu kin trn l:
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D.1.
Cu 32: Cho 5,04g hn hp Mg v Al c t l mol tng ng l 3:2 tc dng vi dung dch HNO3
long d thu c dung dch X v 0,896 lt (ktc) hn hp hai kh khng mu, khng ha nu trong
khng kh c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 18. S mol HNO3 b kh trong qu trnh trn l:
A. 0,1 mol.
B. 0,095 mol.
C. 0,08 mol.
D. 0,11 mol
Cu 33: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s dng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7
gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l:
A. 46,15%.
B. 65,00%.
C. 35,00%.
D. 53,85%.
Cu 34: Sc Clo t t n d vo dung dch KBr th hin tng quan st c l:
A. dung dch t khng mu chuyn mu vng sau li mt mu.
B. dung dch c mu nu.
C. khng c hin tng g
D. dung dch c mu vng.
Cu 35: cho cc ion: Fe3+ , Ag+, Na+, NO3-, OH-, Cl+. Cc ion no sau y tn ti ng thi trong dung
dch?
A. Ag+, Na+, NO3-, Cl+.
B. Fe3+ , Na+, NO3-, OH-,
C. Fe3+ , Na+, Cl+,OH-,
D. Na+, Fe3+ , Cl+, NO3-,
Cu 36: Nung 13,72 gam hn hp X gm Al, Mg, Zn trong oxi sau mt thi gian thu c 17,72 gam
hn hp Y. Hon tan hon ton Y trong dung dch HNO3 d thu c 1,792 lt NO (ktc) l sn
phm kh duy nht . S mol HNO3 phn ng l:
63

A. 0,84 mol.
B. 0,78 mol.
C. 0,82 mol.
D. 0,72 mol
Cu 37: Hn hp X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2, khi tham gia phn ng x phng ha thu c 1
andehit v mt mui ca axit cacbonxylic. S ng phn tha mn tnh cht trn ca X l:
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D.4.
Cu 38: Hp cht hu c A tc dng c vi dd Br2 , dd NaOH, khng tc dng vi dung dch
NaHCO3. A c th l:
A. C6H5NH2.
B. C6H5NH3Cl.
C. CH3 C6H4OH. D. CH2 =CHCOOH.
Cu 39: Tm pht biu sai:
A. Hp cht Fe(III) u km bn v khng tn ti trong t nhin.
B. Hp cht Fe(III) c th b kh thnh Fe(II).
C. Hp cht Fe(III) ch c tnh oxi ha.
D. Hp cht Fe(III) c th b kh thnh Fe.
Cu 40: Hn hp M gm C2H2 v hai anehit X1, X2 ng ng k tip (MX1 MX2 ) .t chy hon
ton mt lng M cn dng va 0,3 mol O2, thu c 0,25 mol CO2 v 0,225 mol H2O. Cng thc
ca X1 l
A. CH3-CHO.
B. OHC-CHO.
C. CH2=CH-CHO.
D.HCHO.
Cu 41: Dung dch no sau y c th ha tan c vng:
A. nc cng toan.
B. HNO3 c nng.
C. KNO3.
D. HCl c.
Cu 42: Cho cc cht Al, Al2O3, Al2(SO4)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHS, K2SO3, (NH4)2CO3. S cht u phn ng
vi dung dch HCl v dung dch NaOH l:
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D.7
Cu 43: Hn hp X gm Al, Fe2O3 c khi lng 27,3 gam. Tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm hn hp
X trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Ha tan hn hp cht rn sau phn ng bng dd NaOH d
thu c 4,032 lt H2 (ktc) v 14,88 gam cht rn khng tan. Hiu sut ca phn ng nhit nhm l:
A. 60%.
B. 80%.
C. 75%.
D. 71,43%.
Cu 44: Mt hn hp X gm axetilen, andehit fomic, axit fomic v H2. Ly 0,25 mol hn hp X cho
qua Ni, t nng thu c hn hp Y gm cc cht hu c v H2. t chy hon ton hn hp Y ri
hp th ht sn phm chy bng nc vi trong d, sau khi cc phn ng sy ra hon ton thu c
15 gam kt ta v dung dch Z. Khi lng dung dch Z thay i so vi khi lng nc vi trong
ban u l:
A. gim 10,5gam.
B. gim 3,9 gam.
C. tng 4,5 gam.
D. tng 1,1 gam
Cu 45: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch nhit thng: CuSO4, NaOH,
NaHSO4, K2CO3, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HNO3, MgCl2, HCl, Ca(NO3)2. S trng hp thu c kt ta sau
phn ng xy ra l:
A. 9.
B. 8.
C. 6.
D.7
64

Cu 46: X l hn hp kim loi Ba v Al. Ha tan m gam X vo lng d nc thu c 8.96 lt H2
(ktc). Cng ha tan m gam X vo dung dch NaOH d th thu c 12,32 lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr
ca m l:
A. 21,80.
B. 13,70.
C. 57,50.
D.58,85.
Cu 47: Hidrat ha anken (c xc tc) thu c mt ancol duy nht c cng thc C4H9OH. Anken l:
A. 2-metylbut-2-en.
B. but-2-en.
C. 2-metylpropen.
D. but-1-en.
Cu 48: Trong cc cht: etylen, axit acrylic, axit axetic, glucoz v butan. S cht c kh nng tham
gia phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l:
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D.2
Cu 49: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol n chc X1, X2 ng ng k tip (MX1< MX2). Phn
ng vi CuO nung nng, thu c 0,25 mol H2O v hn hp Y gm hai anehit tng ng v hai
ancol d. t chy hon ton Y thu c 0,5 mol CO2 v 0,65 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho ton b lng
Y trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng, kt thc cc phn ng thu
c 0,9 mol Ag. Hiu sut to anehit ca X1, X2 ln lt l:
A. 66,67% v 50%.
B. 66,67% v 33,33%.
C. 50% v 66,67%.
D. 33,33%.% v 50%.
Cu 50: Th tch dung dch Br2 0,5M cn dng oxi ha ht 200 ml dung dch CrBr3 1M l:
A. 450 ml.
B. 600 ml.
C. 900 ml.
D. 300 ml
------------------------HT----------------------
65
PHN LI GII CHI TIT

Cu 1 : Chn p n D
Bi ton kh n gin nu cc bn t duy theo kiu nh sau:
Khi n H 0,1 bt ng c kt ta ngha l n D
NaOH 0,1(mol)
n D
NaOH 0,1(mol)
Khi Al n chy i u ?Tt nhin l vo NaAlO2 v X
n NaAlO2 x(mol)
a
0,3 0,1 78
a 15, 6(gam)
C ngay :
0, 7 0,1 x x a .3 x 0,3(mol)
78
Na 2 O : 0, 2
BTNT.Na Al
m
m 27, 7(gam)
Al2 O3 : 0,15
Cu 2: Chn p n D
Ta c : C3H8O3 kC2 H 4O2 X kH 2O
BTNT.Trong.X
3{
2k 314442
2k444
k3 81444
4k
2k
42 444
43 k 2
C
Khi : n NaOH 0,3 n X 0,15 m 0,15(92 2.60 2.18) 26, 4(gam)

Cu 3: Chn p n D
t
NH 4 NO3
N 2 O 2H 2 O (1)
t
CaCO3
CaO CO 2 (2)
1
t0
Cu(NO3 ) 2
CuO 2NO 2 O 2 (3)
2
t
2KMnO 4
K 2 MnO 4 MnO 2 O 2 (4)
t
Mg(OH) 2
MgO H 2O (5)
1
t0
AgNO3
Ag NO 2 O 2 (6)
2
t
NH 4 Cl
NH 3 HCl (7)
t
2Al(OH)3
Al2 O3 3H 2 O (8)
Cc phn ng oxi ha kh : (1) (3) (4) (6)

Cu 4: Chn p n A
Cc cht gm :
H2, O2, H2O, SO2, SO3, H2S, H2SO3, CaS
Cu 5: Chn p n B
Ch : FeS tan trong HCl , H2SO4 long.
Cu 6: Chn p n D
n AgNO3 0, 45
X c lin kt 3 u mch
Ta c :
n Ag 0,3
10, 2
68 CH C CH 2 CHO
V n X 0,15 M X
0,15
Cu 7: Chn p n C
66

Cl2 : a(mol) BTKL BTE 71a 32b 37, 05 4,8 8,1 a 0, 25(mol)

Ta c : A
2a 4b 0, 2.2 0,3.3
b 0, 2(mol)
O 2 : b(mol)
0, 25.71
%mCl2
73,5% %mO2 26,5%
0, 25.71 0, 2.32
Cu 8: Chn p n D
n Ba2 0,03mol BTNT

BaSO4 : 0,03
m 8,55
x 0,06
Al(OH)3 : 0,02
nOH 0,06 mol
Nhn thy ban u :
0,14
n Ba2 0,07mol BTNT
mMax 0,07.233
.78 19,95 18,8475
3
BaSO
nOH 0,14 mol
Vi
Al(OH)3
Do ,lng kt ta Al(OH)3 b tan mt phn.

BaSO4 : 0,75x
n Al3 0,5x mol
18,8475
Khi Ba(OH)2 d v
18,8475 0,75x.233
n SO24 0,75x mol
Al(OH)3 :
78
BT.Nhm OH
0,14 0,5x.3 (0,5x
18,8475 0, 75x.233
) x 0,09 (M)
78
Cu 9: Chn p n A
Bt kh s bay ra nhanh hn nu c n mn in ha xy ra.
Cu 10: Chn p n C
Cu 11: Chn p n C
V ancol khng no c 1 lin kt i
Nn n H2O n CO2 n ancol.no 0,07 n H2O 0,07 0, 23 0,3(mol)
m 0,3.18 5, 4(gam)
Cu 12: Chn p n A
Nhn thy cc cht trong X u c 4C do .
Quy X v : C4 H n 4.12 n 27.2 n 6 X : C4 H 6
BTNT
BTNT.O
n CO2 0, 04
n O2 0, 055(mol) V 1, 232(lit)
Ta c : n H2O 0, 03
Cu 13:Chn p n D
Ta gi : Ala Gly Gly Val Ala : a (mol)
Ala Gly Gly : 0,015

Gly Val : 0,02
BT.n hom.Val

a 0,02 0,02 x
a 0,075
Gly : 0,1
BT.n hom.Ala

2a 0,015 x y
x 0,035
Ta c : Val : 0,02
BT.n hom.Gly 2a 0,03 0,02 0,1 y 0,1

Val Ala : x
Ala : y
x : y 7 : 20
Cu 14: Chn p n D
67

Cu 15: Chn p n A
3,18
BTNT.Na
0, 03
n NaOH 0, 06(mol)
Ta c : n Na 2CO3
106
BTKL
2, 76 0, 06.40 4, 44 mH2O n H2O 0, 04

BTNT.H
A
NaOH
n Trong
n Trong
0, 04.2
H
H
0,9
A
.2 n Trong
0,12(mol)
H
18
m 0, 06.18 1, 08(gam)
Vi bi ton ny ta c th suy ra CTPT ca A kh nhanh l C7 H6O3

Cu 16: Chn p n A
Bi ton kh n gin v quen thuc vi k thut BTLK.
C2 H 2 : 0,35(mol) n hh 1(mol)
Ta c :
H 2 : 0, 65(mol)
m hh 0,35.26 0, 65.2 10, 4(gam)
10, 4
ng
m hh const M X
0, 65 n n Phn
1 0, 65 0,35
H2
2.8
12
D
n n CH
0, 05(mol)
CH
240
BTKL.
ng
(0,35 0, 05).2 n Phn

n Br2 n Br2 0, 25(mol)
H2
Cu 17: Chn p n B
X, Y c phn ng cng vi Brom loi D v C ngay.
1 mol X hoc Z c th cho 4 mol Ag ch c B tha mn.
Cu 18: Chn p n B
Cu 19: Chn p n B
2
SO
K1 3
2
SO2 O2
SO3 K K 2 K 1
Ta c : K 2
1
2
3
1/2
SO2 O 2
2
SO 2 O 2
2
K 3
SO3
Cu 20: Chn p n B
KHCO3
n RCOOH n CO2 0,1(mol) n H2O 0, 2(mol)
Ta c : Y
RCOONa : 0,1
Na
BTKL
Y
n H2 0,15 NaOH : 0,1
0,1(R 67 40 R 53) 19
BTNT.H
RCH 2 ONa : 0,1

R 15 X : CH3 CH 2 OH
Cu 21: Chn p n A
Cu 22: Chn p n C
68

Nhn thy : 3.80 3 237 .Nh vy A c kh nng th 3 nguyn t Brom.
C6 H5 O CH3
A c th l : HO C6 H 4 CH 3
V
Cu 23: Chn p n D
Nu dung dch X ch cha CO32 th lng kt ta s ging nhau.
Do ,X phi cha CO32 v HCO3
Cu 24: Chn p n C
Gi CTPT ca X l CnH2n+1O2N v n Trongm
a(mol) .Khi ta c ngay :
X
2C n H 2n 1O2 N C 2n H 4n O3N 2 2nH 2O

3a
1,5a
3C n H 2n 1O2 N C 3n H6n 1O 4 N 3 3n 0, 5 H 2O
a
(mol)
3
4n.1,5a 1,35.2
na 0, 45
a 0,15
BTNT.H
m 0,15.89 13,35(gam)
6n 1
6na
2,55
n
3
.a
2.0,
425
3
Cu 25: Chn p n B
a(mol)
n CO 1, 2(mol)
BTNT.O
XY

n Trong
1, 2.2 1,1 1,35.2 0,8
2
O
Ta c : n H2O 1,1(mol)
1, 2
Phn ng
S C trong X hoc Y= 0, 4 3
1,35(mol)
n O2
2, 2
5,5 c hai trng hp xy ra .
V H
0, 4
C3 H 2 O 2 : a BTNT.H a b 0, 4
a 0,167
Trng hp 1 : 0, 4
(loi)
2a 8b 1,1.2 b 0, 233
C3 H 8 O n : b
C3H 4 O 2 : a BTNT.H a b 0, 4
a 0, 25
Trng hp 1 : 0, 4
tha mn.
4a 8b 1,1.2 b 0,15
C3 H 8 O n : b
D thy n 2 mY 0,15.76 11, 4(gam)
Cu 26: Chn p n C
D thy X l P c Z = 15 v Y l S c Z = 16.
A.Sai v c X v Y u l phi kim.
B.Sai.Y c 2 c 1 electron c thn v cu hnh l 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
C.ng.Cu hnh ca X l 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
D.Sai.Oxit cao nht ca X l P2O5
Cu 27: Chn p n B
D thy H2 d nn ta tnh hiu sut theo N2.
69
NH3 : 2a
N 2 :1(mol) BTNT
2a
B N 2 :1 a %NH 3
0,2 a 41,67%
Ta c : A
5 2a
H 2 : 4(mol)
H : 4 3a
2
Cu 28: Chn p n A
Tng gim khi lng .Ta c : n X
13,56 9
9
0,12(mol) MX
75
39 1
0,12
Cu 29: Chn p n C
NaHCO
TrongX
3
Ta c : X
nCO nCOOH
0,06 nOTrongX 0,12(mol)
2
BTNT.O
0,12 0,09.2 0,11.2
a
a 1,44(gam)
18
Cu 30: Chn p n C
PH = 12 ngha l dung dch c d OH .
0,5x 0,025
n 0,5x
PH 12
Ta c : OH
OH 0,01
x 0,06
0,5
n H 0,25(0,08 0,02) 0,025

m 0,0025.233 0,5825(gam)
Cu 31: Chn p n B
CH3COOH NH3 CH3COONH4
HCOOH CH3NH2 HCOONH3CH3

Cu 32: Chn p n B
Ch : S mol HNO3 b kh l s mol N5+ thay i s oxi ha.Khc vi s mol HNO3 phn ng.
Mg : 0,12 BTE
n e 0,12.2 0,08.3 0,48(mol)

Ta c : 5,04
Al : 0,08
0,48 0,02.10 0,02.8

N : 0,02
BTE
n NH
0,015(mol)
V 0,04 2
4
8
N
O
:
0,02
2
bi kh
n HNO
0,02.2 0,02.2 0,015 0,095
3
Cu 33: Chn p n D
V Y ch l hai cht hu c nn H2 ht.
a nCO 0,35
HCHO : a BTNT.C H
2
Ta c : X

%H2 53,85
b a n H O 0,65 a 0,3
H2 : b
Cu 34: Chn p n A
Dung dch c mu vng v : Cl2 2KBr 2KCl Br2
Dung dch mt mu v : 5Cl 2 Br2 6H 2O 2HBrO3 10HCl
Cu 35: Chn p n D
Cu 36: Chn p n C
70

BTKL
nO
Ta c :
17,72 13,72
0,25(mol)
16
BTE
mui
V nNO 0,08
ne nTrong
0,08.3 0,25.2 0,74(mol)
NO
3
BTNT.N
Phn ng
HNO3
0,74 0,08 0,82(mol)
Cu 37: Chn p n B
Cc cht X tha mn l : HCOOCH CH CH2 CH3 (2 ng phn cis tran )
CH3COOCH CH CH3
HCOOCH C(CH3 ) CH3
CH3CH2COOCH CH2
Cu 38: Chn p n C
A khng tc dng vi NaHCO3 ta loi D.
A tc dng c vi NaOH loi A
A tc dng c vi Brom loi B
Cu 39: Chn p n C
C sai v d nh FeCl3 th Clo c th tng s oxi ha c nn n c tnh kh.
Cu 40: Chn p n D
BTKL
mM 0, 25.44 0, 225.18 0,3.32 5, 45(gam)
Nhn vo p n ta thy c hai trng hp xy ra.

Trng hp 1 : Nu cc andehit c cha 1 lin kt (no,n chc).
Ta c : nC2H2 nCO2 n H2O 0, 25 0, 225 0,025(mol)
BTNT.O
n andehit 0, 25.2 0, 225 0,3.2 0,125

BTKL
M andehit 38, 4
mandehit 5, 45 0, 025.26 4,8
Vy X1 l HCHO v X2 l CH3CHO
Trng hp 2 : Nu cc andehit c cha 2 lin kt .
Ta c : n M nCO2 n H2O 0, 25 0, 225 0,025(mol) M
5, 45
218 (loi)
0, 025
Cu 41: Chn p n A
Cu 42: Chn p n A
S cht u phn ng vi dung dch HCl v dung dch NaOH l:
Al, Al2O3, Zn(OH)2, NaHS, (NH4)2CO3.
Cu 43: Chn p n C
BTE
D
n Al
Ta c : n H 0,18
2
0,18.2
0,12(mol)
3
Al : 0,12
V phn cht rn b tan l :

27,3 14,88 12,42
a 0,12 a 0,3
Al
O
:
2 3
2
BTKL
BTNT.Al
BTKL
X
X
n Trong
0,3(mol)
n Trong
Al
Fe O
2
27,3 0,3.27
0,12
56
0,09
75% (hiu sut tnh theo Fe2O3)
0,12
Vy c ngay : H
71

Cu 44: Chn p n B
Nhn thy rng cc cht trong X u c 2 nguyn t H.Do , n X n H O 0,25
2
BTNT.C
n 0,15
n CO 0,15
2
m mCO m H O m 0,15.44 0,25.18 15 3,9(gam)

2
Cu 45: Chn p n C
S trng hp thu c kt ta sau phn ng xy ra l:
CuSO4, NaOH, NaHSO4, K2CO3, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4
Cu 46: Chn p n A
Do lng kh ln 2 nhiu hn nn ln 1, Al cha phn ng ht.
thy Al trong th nghim 1 th Al s chui vo Ba(AlO2)2
TN.1
Ba : a BTE
2a 2a.3 0,4.2 a 0,1

TN.2
m 21,8(gam)
Do : X
2a 3b 0,55.2
Al : b
b 0,3

Cu 47: Chn p n B
Cu 48: Chn p n B
S cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l:
etylen, axit acrylic, glucoz
Cu 49: Chn p n A
V t chy Y c n H O nCO nn X l cc ancol no n chc.

2
nAncol n H2O nCO2 0,65 0,5 0,15(mol)

Ta c :
nancol 0,15 0,25 0,4(mol)
n
0,25
H2 O
andehit
HCHO : 0,2(mol)
V n Ag 0,9
.
CH3CHO : 0,05(mol)
CH OH : a
a b 0,4
a 0,3(mol)
BTNT.C
Ta li c : 3
C2 H5OH : b
a 2b 0,5 b 0,1(mol)
0,2
66,67%
0,3
Cu 50: Chn p n B
HHCHO
HCH CHO
3
0,05
50%
0,1
Cr 3eCr
BTE
Ta c : nCr3 0,2
ne 0,2.3 0,6
n Br 0,3 V 600(ml)
2
------------------------HT----------------------
72

MN HA HC LN 7
-THPT QU NG XNG THANH HA
Cho: H = 1; He = 4; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5;
K = 39 ; Mn = 55; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag=108. Cr = 52; Ba=137; Ca=40
Cu 1: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Ag, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch
HCl l A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 2: Dy cc kim loi u c th iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l
A.Mg, Zn, Cu
B. Fe, Cu, Ag
C. Al, Fe, Cr
D. Ba, Ag, Au
Cu 3: Cc kim loi v ion u phn ng c vi ion Fe2+ l
A. Ag v Fe3+
B. Zn v Ag+
C. Ag v Cu2+
D. Zn v Cu2+
Cu 4: Kim no sau y l kim loi kim? A.Zn
B. Al
C. Na
D. Cu
Cu 5: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Mg t MgCl2 l
A. nhit phn MgCl2.
B. in phn dung dch MgCl2.
C. dng K kh Mg2+ trong dung dch MgCl2.
D. in phn MgCl2 nng chy
Cu 6: ng dng khng phi ca kim loi kim l
A.Dng ch to hp kim c nhit nng chy thp.
B.iu ch kim loi kim hot ng yu hn bng phng php nhit kim loi.
C.Dng lm cht trao i nhit trong cc l phn ng ht nhn.
D.Dng lm cht xc tc trong nhiu phn ng hu c.
Cu 7: Dng qu tm th c th phn bit 2 dung dch no trong cc cp dung dch sau ?
A.Na2CO3, K2CO3
B. NaCl, KCl
C. NaCl, Na2CO3 D. NaCl, KNO3
Cu 8: Ha tan 4,6 gam mt kim loi kim vo 200 ml nc thu c 204,4 g mt dung dch kim.
Kim loi kim l A.Li
B. Na
C. K
D. Rb
Cu 9: Ho tan 6,4 gam Cu bng axit H2SO4 c, nng (d), sinh ra V lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy
nht ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 3,36.
C. 6,72
D. 4,48.
Cu 10: Cho Fe tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d thu c kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht).
Tng h s cn bng ca phn ng trn l A.9.
B. 14.
C. 18.
D. 20.
Cu 11: Metylacrylat c cng thc l
A. C3H7COOCH3. B. C2H3COOH.
C.C2H3COOCH3. D. C2H5COOCH3
Cu 12: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol metyl amin (CH3NH2), sinh ra V lt kh N2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V
l
A. 1,12.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 2,24.
Cu 13: Kt ta to thnh khi nh nc brom vo
73

A. anilin.
B. ancol etylic.
C. axit axetic.
D. benzen..
Cu 14: Poli(vinyl clorua) c iu ch t phn ng trng hp
A. CH3-CH=CHCl. B. CH2=CH-CH2Cl C. CH3CH2Cl.
D. CH2=CHCl.
Cu 15: S nhm hydroxyl (-OH) trong mt phn t glixerol l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 16: S ng phn cu to ng vi cng thc phn t C2H6O l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 17: Cho 3,2 gam ancol metylic phn ng hon ton vi Na (d), thu c V lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Gi tr ca V l A. 2,24.
B. 3,36.
C. 4,48.
D. 1,12.
Cu 18: Cht tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. tinh bt.
B. axit axetic.
C. xenluloz.
D. mantoz.
Cu 19: Cho s phn ng: C2H5OH X CH3COOH (mi mi tn ng vi mt phn ng). Cht
X lA. HCHO.
B. C2H5CHO.
C. CH4.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 20: Thuc th phn bit axit axetic v ancol etyilc l
A. phenolphtalein.
B. qu tm. C. nc brom.
D. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3.
Cu 21: Cho hn hp gm 6,72g Mg v 0,8g MgO tc dng ht vi lng d dung dch HNO3. Sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,896 lt mt kh X (ktc) v dung dch Y. Lm bay hi
dung dch Y thu c 46g mui khan. S mol HNO3 phn ng l
A. 0,68
B. 0,70
C. 0,72
D. 0,74
Cu 22: Cho mt lng bt CaCO3 tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl 32,85%. Sau phn ng thu
c dung dch X trong nng HCl cn li l 24,20%. Thm vo X mt lng bt MgCO3 khuy
u cho phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y trong nng HCl cn l 21,10%. Nng
phn trm MgCl2 trong dung dch Y l
A. 12,35%.
B. 3,54%.
C. 10,35%.
D. 8,54%.
Cu 23: Cho amino axit X no, mch h, cha mt chc mi loi. Cho 0,1 mol X phn ng ht vi HCl
d thu c dung dch cha 11,15 gam mui. tn gi ca X l
A. glyxin
B. valin
C. alanin
D. lysin
Cu 24: Cho cc cht : (1) : Na, (2) : CuO, (3) : CH3COOH, (4) :NaOH, (5) : H2SO4 c, ngui. Dy cc
cht u c kh nng phn ng vi ancol etylic l
A.(1), (2), (4).
B. (1), (3), (4).
C. (1), (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (3), (5)
Cu 25: Kem nh rng cha mt lng mui ca flo nh CaF2 , SnF2 c tc dng bo v lp men
rng v n thay th mt phn hp cht c trong men rng l Ca5 PO4 3 OH thnh Ca5 PO4 3 F . iu
ny c ngha quan trng trong bo v rng v
A. lp Ca5 PO4 3 F khng b mi trng axit trong ming sau khi n bo mn

B. lp Ca5 PO4 3 F c mu trng sng, to v p cho rng
C. lp Ca5 PO4 3 F c th phn ng vi H cn li trong khoang ming sau khi n
D. lp Ca5 PO4 3 F l hp cht tr, bm cht v bao ph ht b mt ca rng
74

Cu 26. Cho 33,35 gam hn hp A gm Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)3 v Cu tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,414
mol H2SO4 long, sau phn ng thu c kh NO duy nht v dung dch B cha 2 mui. C cn dung
dch B th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 64,4 hoc 61,52 B. 65,976 hoc 61,52 C. 73,122 hoc 64,4 D. 65,976 hoc 75,922
Cu 27. Ly 5,2 gam hn hp FeS2 v Cu2S tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 th thu c
dung dch ch cha 2 mui v 12,208 lt hn hp NO2 v SO2 (ktc). Xc nh % v khi lng ca
FeS2 trong hn hp ban u
A. 71,53% hoc 81,39%
B. 93,23% hoc 71,53%
C. 69,23% hoc 81,39%
D. 69,23% hoc 93,23%
Cu 28: Cht X c cng thc phn t l C4H7O2Cl. Ngi ta thy 1 mol X tc dng c vi 2 mol
NaOH, to ra ancol a chc. Cht X c cng thc cu to l
A.CH3COOCH2CH2Cl
B. ClCH2COOCH2CH3
C. CH3COOCH(Cl)CH3
D. HCOOCH(Cl)CH2CH3
Cu 29: Tng s lin kt (xich ma) trong mt phn t ankin c cng thc tng qut CnH2n-2 l
A.3n - 2
B. 3n - 3
C. 3n - 5
D. 3n - 4
Cu 30.Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao
NaOH?
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 31. Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
1 Sc kh H S vo dung dch FeSO ; 2 Sc kh H S vo dung dch CuSO ;
2
4
2
4
3 Sc kh CO (d) vo dung dch Na SiO ;4 Sc kh CO (d) vo dung dch Ca(OH) ;
2
2
3
2
2
5 Nh t t dung dch NH n d vo dung dch Al (SO ) ;
3
2
4 3
6 Nh t t dung dch Ba(OH) n d vo dung dch Al (SO ) .
2
2
4 3
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s th nghim thu c kt ta l
A. 5
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 32: Cho cc pht biu sau: (1) Anehit va c tnh oxi ha va c tnh kh; (2) Phenol tham gia
phn ng th brom kh hn benzen; (3) Oxi ha ancol bc 2 thu c anhit; (4) Dung dch axit
axetic tc dng c vi CaCO3; (5) Dung dch phenol trong nc lm qu tm ha ; (6) Tnh baz
ca anilin mnh hn ca amoniac; (7) Cao su buna-N thuc loi cao su thin nhin; (8) Thy phn
este trong mi trng axit thu c sn phm l axit v ancol. S pht biu lun ng l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 33: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H6O2, phn ng c vi Na v dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3 nhng khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. Hiro ha hon ton X c cht Y c th
ha tan Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam. Cng thc ca X l
A. HO-[CH2]2-CHO. B. C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOC2H5.
D. CH3-CH(OH)-CHO.
Cu 34. Cho cc phn ng ha hc sau:
1 (NH ) SO + BaCl
2 CuSO + Ba(NO )
4 2
4
2
4
3 2
3
Na2SO4 + BaCl2
H2SO4 + BaSO3
(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2
Fe2(SO4)3 + Ba(NO3)2
Cc phn ng u c cng mt phng trnh ion rt gn l:

A. 1, 2, 3, 6.
B. 1, 3, 5, 6.
C. 2, 3, 4, 6.
D. 3, 4, 5, 6.
75

Cu 35. C th dng CaO mi nung lm kh cc cht kh
A. NH3, SO2, CO, Cl2.
B. N2, NO2, CO2, CH4, H2.
C. NH3, O2, N2, H2, C2H4.
D. N2, Cl2, O2 , H2.
Cu 36.Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(a) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch NaOH nhit thng.
(b) Cho Fe3O4 vo dung dch HCl long (d).
(c) Cho Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng (d).
(d) Ha tan ht hn hp Cu v Fe2O3 (c s mol bng nhau) vo dung dch H2SO4 long (d).
Trong cc th nghim trn, sau phn ng, s th nghim to ra hai mui l
A. 1.
B . 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 37: X l mt cht hu c n chc cha 54,54 % C, 9,09%H, 36,37%O. X khng tc dng vi Na
nhng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH. Cho 8,8 gam X tc dng ht vi NaOH thu c 9,6 gam
mui.Cng thc cu to ph hp caX l
A.CH3COOCH2CH3
B. HCOOCH2CH3
C.CH3CH2COOCH3
D. CH3COOCH=CH2
Cu 38: Kt lun no sau y ng?
A. C2H4 v C3H6 l ng ng ca nhau.
B. C2H4 v C4H8 l ng ng ca nhau.
C. C4H10 c ba ng phn.
D. C2H6 v C3H8 l ng ng ca nhau.
Cu 39: Trong th nghim c m t bng hnh v di y, vai tr ca bnh ng NaOH l :
A. lm kh C2H2.
B. loi CaC2 ln trong C2H2.
C. loi cc tp cht kh ln trong C2H2.
D. lm xc tc cho phn ng gia C2H2 v nc to CH3CHO
Cu 40: Khi thy phn tng phn mt oligopeptit X c 5 gc
aminoaxit
xut pht t 3 aminoaxit: alanin, phenylalanin, glyxin thu
c hn
hp cc ipeptit Gly-Ala; Ala-Gly, khng thy c Phe-Gly, Gly-Gly-Phe. Cng thc cu to ng ca X l :
A. Gly-Gly-Ala-Gly-Phe.
B. Gly-Ala-Gly-Phe-Gly.
C. Ala-Gly-Phe-Gly-Gly.
D. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly.
Cu 41:t chy hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp X gm axit acrylic, axit adipic, axit propanoic v
glyxerol( trong s mol axit acrylic bng s mol axit propanoic) bng oxi d thu c hn hp Y
gm kh v hi. Dn Y vo dung dch cha 0,7 mol Ba(OH)2 thu c 98,5 gam kt ta v dung dch
Z. un nng Z li thy xut hin kt ta. Cho 23,8 gam X tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch KOH 1M,
sau phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l
A.15,8 gam
B. 27,8 gam
C. 16,6 gam
D. 30,8 gam
Cu 42: Cho ancol isoamylic tc dng vi axit axetic iu ch du chui, ngi ta thu c mt
hn hp gm du chui, axit d v ancol d. tch du chui ra khi hn hp trn, ngi ta cho
vo hn hp mt dung dch X va , khi axit tan vo lp nc. Hn hp ancol v du chui ha
tan trong nhau tch thnh lp ring. Chng ct hn hp ny tch du chui ra khi ancol. Dung
dch X c dng trong th nghim ny l
A.dung dch NaOH. B. nc vi trong.
C. dung dch Na2CO3
D. benzen.
76

Cu 43: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Fe, Fe3O4 v Fe(NO3)2 tan ht trong 320 ml dung dch KHSO4 1M.
Sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y ch cha 59,04 gam mui trung ha v 0,896 lt NO (ktc, sn
phm kh duy nht). Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y th c 0,44 mol NaOH phn ng. Bit cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong X gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 3,5%.
B. 2,0%.
C. 3,0%.
D. 2,5%.
Cu 44: Ha tan hon ton 216,55 gam hn hp KHSO4 v Fe(NO3)3 vo nc c dung dch X. Cho
m gam hn hp Y gm Mg, Al, MgO v Al2O3 (trong oxi chim 64/205 v khi lng) tan ht vo
X, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch Z ch cha mui trung ha v 2,016 lt hn hp
kh T c tng khi lng 1,84 gam gm 5 kh (ktc), trong v th tch H2, N2O, NO2 ln lt chim
4/9, 1/9 v 1/9. Cho BaCl2 d vo Z thu c 356,49 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m gn gi tr no nht
sau y? A. 23.
B. 22.
C. 19.
D. 20.
Cu 45: Cho phng trnh ha hc: FeS + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO + NO2 + H2O.
Bit t l s mol NO v NO2 l 3 : 4. Sau khi cn bng phng trnh ha hc trn vi h s cc cht
l nhng s nguyn ti gin th h s ca HNO3 l
A. 76.
B. 63.
C. 102.
D. 39.
(a) Nung NH4NO3 rn.
(b) un nng NaCl tinh th vi dung dch H2SO4 (c).
(c) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch NaHCO3. (d) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d).
(e) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch KMnO4. (g) Cho dung dch KHSO4 vo dung dch NaHCO3.
(h) Cho PbS vo dung dch HCl (long). (i) Cho Na2SO3 vo dung dch H2SO4 (d), un nng.
S th nghim sinh ra cht kh l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 47: Axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y, anehit Z u n chc, mch h, tham gia c phn ng cng
vi Br2 v u c khng qu ba nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp
gm X, Y, Z (trong X chim 20% v s mol) cn va 0,34 mol O2. Mt khc 14,8 gam hn hp
trn phn ng ti a vi a mol H2 (xc tc Ni). Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,45.
B. 0,40.
C. 0,50.
D. 0,55.
Cu 48: Hn hp X gm cc peptit mch h, u c to thnh t cc amino axit c dng
H2NCmHnCOOH. un nng 4,63 gam X vi dung dch KOH d, thu c dung dch cha 8,19 gam
mui. Nu t chy hon ton 4,63 gam X cn 4,2 lt O2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy (CO2,
H2O, N2) vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch
gim 21,87 gam. Gi tr ca m gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 35,0.
B. 30,0.
C. 32,5.
D. 27,5.
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm hai mui R2CO3 v RHCO3. Chia 44,7 gam X thnh ba phn bng nhau:
Phn mt tc dng hon ton vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thu c 35,46 gam kt ta.
Phn hai tc dng hon ton vi dung dch BaCl2 d, thu c 7,88 gam kt ta.
Phn ba tc dng ti a vi V ml dung dch KOH 2M.
Gi tr ca V l
A.200
B. 70
C. 180
D. 110
Cu 50: Cho cc nhn xt sau: (1) Hm lng glucoz khng i trong mu ngi l khong 0,1%; (2)
C th phn bit glucoz v fructoz bng phn ng trng gng; (3) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt,
77

xenluloz, saccaroz u cho cng mt loi mono saccarit; (4) Glucoz l cht dinh dng v c
dng lm thuc tng lc cho ngi gi, tr em v ngi m; (5) Xenluloz l nguyn liu c dng
sn xut t nhn to, ch to thuc sng khng khi; (6) Mt ct c khoai tc dng vi I2 cho mu
xanh tm; (7) Saccaroz l nguyn liu thy phn thnh glucoz v fructoz dng trong k thut
trng gng, trng rut phch. S nhn xt ng l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 4.
----------------------------Ht-----------------------------
78

P N V HNG DN GII
1
D
21
C
41
B
2
B
22
B
42
C
3
B
23
A
43
C
4
C
24
D
44
D
5
D
25
A
45
C
6
B
26
A
46
B
7
C
27
D
47
A
8
B
28
A
48
C
9
A
29
B
49
C
10
A
30
A
50
A
11
C
31
D
12
D
32
D
13
A
33
D
14
D
34
A
15
A
35
C
16
C
36
B
17
D
37
C
18
D
38
D
19
D
39
C
20
B
40
A
HNG DN GII
1. ChnD. Cc kim loi phn ng gm Na, Fe, Zn
2. Chn B v Mg, Ba, Al ch iu ch bng in phn nng chy
3. Chn B v Zn + Fe2+ Zn2+ + Fe v Fe2+ + Ag+ Fe3+ + Ag
4. Chn C
5. Chn D
6. Chn B
7. Chn C v NaCl khng lm i mu qu, Na2CO3 lm i mu qu
1
8. Chn B. (1) R + H2O ROH + H2
2
4,6 200.0,1 204, 4
n H2
0,1(mol)
2
4, 6
23g.mol1 R : Na
(1) nR = 0,2 mol MR =
0, 2
9. Chn A. Cu + H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O do s mol SO2 bng s mol Cu
10. Chn A. Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
h s cn bng = 1+ 4+ 1+ 1+2 = 9
11. Chn C
12. Chn D v CH5N N2
V= 0,1 * 22,4 = 2,24 lit
13. Chn A v anilin to kt ta vi nc brom.
14. Chn D
15. Chn A v C3H5(OH)3
16. Chn C v 1 ng phn ancol v 1 ng phn ete.
17. Chn D v CH3OH + Na CH3ONa + H2 do s mol H2 = s mol ancol= 0,05 mol.
18. Chn D
19. Chn D v C2H5OH CH3CHO CH3COOH
20. Chn B v axit lm i mu qu tm cn ancol th khng.
nMg 0, 28
21. Chn C v
nNH 4 NO3 0, 02 nX nN2 0, 04 nHNO3 0, 72
nMgO 0, 02
22. Chn B . v chn mdd HCl = 100g th nHCl = 0,9 mol
79

CaCO3 c a mol, MgCO3 c b mol
0,242 = (32,85 73a) / (100 + 100a 44a) a = 0,1
0,211 = (32,85 7,3 73b)/ ( 100 + 5,6 + 84b 44b) b = 0,1
23. Chn A v Mmui = 11,15/0,1 = 111,5 m MX = 111,5 36,5 = 75. Vy X l glyxin.
24. Chn C
25. Chn A
26. Chn A v TH 1 :2 Mui l CuSO4 v FeSO4
Fe3O4 : a
3a b c 0, 414
a 0, 069
Ta c Fe NO3 3 : b 232a 242b 64c 33,35 b 0, 023 m 64, 4
3b.4 8a 0,828
c 0,184
Cu : c
TH2: 2 Mui l CuSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3
Fe3O4 : a
9a 3b 2c 0,828
a 0, 021
Ta c Fe NO3 3 : b 232a 242b 64c 33,35 b 0, 055 m 61,52
3b.4 8a 0,828
c 0, 237
Cu : c
FeS 2 : a
Cu2 S : b
27.
Chn D.
Fe NO3 3
120a 160b 5, 2
TH1:
a 0.0404
% FeS2 93, 23
11
a
8
b
0,545
2
a
b
b
0,
0022
Cu
NO
3
2
120a 160b 5, 2
Fe2 SO4 3 : 0,5a

a 0, 03
TH2:
3a 4b
3a 4b
3a 4b
CuSO4 : 2b
3a 4b 6 2 4 2a b 2 0,545 2a b 2 b 0, 01
28. Chn A v CH3COOCHClCH3 + NaOH d (t) CH3COONa + CH3CHO + NaCl

29. Chn B v c 2n-2 lin kt vi C-H v c n-1 lin kt C-C
30. Chn A gm Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, Al2O3, Zn
31.Chn D gm 2,3,5,6
32. Chn D gm 1,4
33. Chn D
34. Chn A
35. Chn C v SO2, CO2 v Cl2 phn ng vi CaO v Ca(OH)2
36. Chn B gm a,b,d
37. Chn C v
54,54 9, 09 36,37
nC : nH : nO =
=2:4:1
:
:
12
1
16
CTPT ca X c dng (C2H4O)n. X n chc, tc dng vi NaOH, khng tc dng vi Na X l
este n chc nn n = 2.
CTPT : C4H8O2 RCOOR
8,8
nX =
0,1(mol)
88
80

(1) RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
9, 6
96 (g.mol1 ) .
(1) nRCOONa = nX = 0,1 mol MRCOONa =
0,1
Vy, R = 96 67 = 29 R : C2H5
CTCT ng ca X : CH3CH2COOCH3
38.Chn D v C3H6 v C4H8 c th c ng phn xicloankan
39. Chn C
40. Chn A
41. Chn C v CTPT ca axit adipic C6H10O4, axit acrylic C3H4O2, axit propanoic C3H6O2 v glixerol l
C3H8O3. V s mol ca axit acrylic v axit propanoic bng nhau nn thay bng cng thc C3H5O2.
Gi s mol ca C6H10O4, C3H5O2 , C3H8O3 ln lt l a,b,c.
Do 146a + 73b + 92c = 73(2a+b)+92c = 23,8 (1)
t chy X c nCO2 = 6a + 3b + 3c
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + H2O
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 Ba(HCO3)2
nCO2 = 0,9 6a + 3b + 3c = 0,9 2(3a + b) + 3c = 0,9 (2)
Gii h (1) v (2) c 2a + b = 0,2 v c= 0,1
Cho X phn ng vi KOH ch c cc axit phn ng. nKOH pu = 2a + b = 0,2 mol = nH2O
Cht rn thu c gm mui v KOH d .
mR = maxit + mKOH mH2O = 23,8 92*0,1 + 0,3*56 0,2 *18 = 27,8 gam.
42. Chn C v Dung dch kim tc dng vi este nn loi axit d trong trng hp ny ngi ta
dng Na2CO3.
43. Chn C. Bo ton khi lng tm m, trong Y c Fe2+, Fe3+, NO3-, SO42-.
44. Chn B. 5 kh l H2, N2O, NO2, No v N2, trong dung dch Y c NH4+
45. Chn C
46. Chn B gm a, b,c, g, i.
47. Chn A
48. Chn C t aminoaxit l CxHyO2N vi s mol l a, ta c
12ax + ay + 84a = 8,19
ax+ 0,25ay a = 0,1875 t c ax = 0,16 nn m = 31,52 gam
197ax + 14a = 32,5
49. Chn C lp phng trnh tm R l NH4+
50. Chn A gm 1,4, 5, 6,7
81

MN HA HC LN 8 THPT CHUYN KHOA HC T NHIN
Cu 1: Cho cc ancol sau : CH3CH2CH2OH (1) ; CH3CH(OH)CH3 (2) ; CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 (3) v

CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)3. Dy gm cc ancol tch nc ch to 1 olefin duy nht l
A. (1),(2)
B. (1),(2),(3) C. (1),(2),(4) D. (1),(2),(3),(4)
Cu 2: Ha tan ht m gam bt nhm kim loi bng dung dch HNO3 thu c dung dch A khng
cha mui amoni v 1,12 lit hn hp kh gm N2 v N2O c t khi so vi He bng 10,2. Khi lng
ban u m c gi tr :
A. 3,78g
B. 4,32g
C. 1,89g
D. 2,16g
Cu 3: Cho s phn ng :
Cng thc ca X, Y, Z l :
A. C2H4 , C2H5OH , C2H6
C. C2H6 , C2H5Cl , C2H4
B. CH3CHO , C2H5OH , CH3COOH

D. CH3CHO , C2H5OH , C4H6
Cu 4: Khi ni v s khi , iu khng nh no sau y lun ng :

A. Trong nguyn t , s khi bng tng khi lng cc ht proton v notron
B. Trong nguyn t , s khi bng tng cc ht proton v notron
C. Trong nguyn t , s khi bng nguyn t khi
D. Trong nguyn t , s khi bng tng s ht proton v notron v electron
Cu 5: Cho s phn ng sau :
ddAgNO3 / NH3
Cl2 ( as )
NaOH ,t
CuO ,t
Toluen
T
1:1
o
Bit rng X,Y,Z,T l nhng sn phm chnh . Cng thc cu to ca cht T l :

A. C6H5COOH
B. CH3 C6H4 COOH
C. C6H5COONH4
D. p HOOC C6H4 COONH4
82

Cu 6: Hai nguyn t X v Y k tip nhau trong mt chu k ca HTTH c tng s proton trong 2 ht
nhn nguyn t l 25. X v Y thuc chu k v nhm no trong bng HTTH ?
A. Chu k 2 , cc nhm IA v IIA
B. Chu k 3 , cc nhm IA v IIA
C. Chu k 2 , cc nhm IIA v IIIA
D. Chu k 3 , cc nhm IIA v IIIA
Cu 7: Cho cc cht C6H5OH (X) ; C6H5NH2 (Y) ; CH3NH2 (Z) v C6H5CH2OH (T). Cht khng lm
i mu qu tm l :
A. X,Y
B. X,Y,Z
C. X,Y,T
D. Tt c cc cht
Cu 8: Fe c th c dng lm cht xc tc trong phn ng iu ch NH3 t N2 v H2 :
N2 + 3H2 2NH3 . Nhn xt no sau y l ng khi ni v vai tr ca Fe trong phn ng trn ?
A. Lm tng nng cc cht trong phn ng trn
B. Lm cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun
C. Lm tng tc phn ng
D. Lm tng hng s cn bng ca phn ng
Cu 9: Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 trong mi trng axit thu c 2 sn phm hu
c X v Y ( cha C,H,O). Bit Y c th c to ra t qu trnh kh ha X iu kin thch hp. Tn
gi ca X l :
A. ancol etylic
B. axit fomic
C. axit axetic
D. etyl axetat
Cu 10: C 4 dung dch c nng bng nhau : HCl ( pH = a) ; H2SO4 (pH = b) ; NH4Cl (pH = c) ;
NaOH ( pH = d). Kt qu no sau y ng :
A. d < c < a < b
B. a < b < c < d
C. c < a < d < b
D. b < a < c < d
Cu 11: Hai este A v B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2 . A v B u cng hp
vi Br2 t l mol 1 : 1 . A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho 1 mui v 1 andehit. B tc dng vi dung
dch NaOH d cho 2 mui v H2O. Cng thc cu to ca A v B ln lt l :
A. HOOC C6H4 CH = CH2 v CH2 = CH COOC6H5
B. C6H5COOCH = CH2 v C6H5 CH = CH COOH
C. HOOC C6H4 CH = CH2 v HCOOCH = CH C6H5
D. C6H5COOCH = CH2 v CH2 = CH COOC6H5
Cu 12: Trong phng th nghim oxi c iu ch bng cch no sau y ?
A. Chng ct phn on khng kh lng
B. in phn nc
C. in phn dung dch NaOH
D. Nhit phn KClO3 vi xc tc MnO2
83

Cu 13: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp gm CH4 , C2H4 , C4H10 thu c 0,14 mol CO2 v 0,23
mol H2O. S mol ca ankan v anken trong hn hp ban u ln lt l :
A. 0,09 v 0,01
B. 0,08 v 0,02
C. 0,02 v 0,08
D. 0,01 v 0,09
Cu 14: C bao nhiu phn ng ha hc c th xy ra khi cho cc ng phn mch h ca C2H4O2 tc
dng ln lt vi tng cht : Na , NaOH , Na2CO3 ?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 15: Hn hp A gm cc axit hu c no dn chc , mch h v este no n chc , mch h .
phn ng hon hon vi m gam A cn 400 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Nu t chy hon ton m
gam hn hp trn th thu c 0,6 mol CO2. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 8,4g
B. 14,8g
C. 11,6g
D. 26,4g
Cu 16: Tch nc hon ton t hn hp X gm 2 ancol A v B ta thu c hn hp Y gm cc olefin.
Nu t chy hon ton X th thu c 1,76g CO2 . Khi t chy hon ton X th thu c 1,76g CO2.
Khi t chy hon ton Y th tng khi lng H2O v CO2 l :
A. 1,76g
B. 2,76g
C. 2,48g
D. 2,94g
Cu 17: Cho hn hp bt X gm 3 kim loi : Fe,Cu,Ag. tch nhanh Ag ra khi X m khng lm
thay i khi lng cc cht cn dng ha cht no ?
A. Dung dch AgNO3 d
B. Dung dch HCl c
C. Dung dch FeCl3 d
D. Dung dch HNO3 d
Cu 18: Nguyn tc iu ch Flo l :
A. Dng cht oxi ha mnh oxi ha mui Florua
B. Dng dng in oxi ha mui Florua
C. Dng HF tc dng vi cht oxi ha mnh D. Nhit phn hp cht c cha Flo
Cu 19: Ly m gam mt axit hu c n chc X cho tc dng vi NaHCO3 d thy gii phng 2,2g
kh . Mt khc , cho m gam X vo C2H5OH ly d trong H2SO4 c ( H = 80% ) th thu c 3,52g
este. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 2,4g
B. 2,96g
C. 3,0g
D. 3,7g
Cu 20: Dung dch X cha KOH 0,2 M v Ba(OH)2 0,1 M. Dung dch Y gm H2SO4 0,25M v HCl
0,75M. Th tch dung dch X cn va trung ha 40 ml dung dch Y l :
A. 0,063 lit
B. 0,125 lit
C. 0,15 lit
D. 0,25 lit
Cu 21: Cho iso propylbenzen tc dng vi Br2 theo t l 1 : 1 v s mol khi c chiu sng. Sn phm
chnh to nn l :
A. p brom isopropylbenzen
B. o brom isopropylbenzen
C. 2 brom 2 phenylpropan
D. hn hp p v o brom isopropylbenzen
84

Cu 22: Cho 6,4g hn hp 2 kim loi k tip thuc nhm IIA ca bng tun hon tc dng vi dung
dch H2SO4 long d thu c 4,48 lit H2 (dktc). Hai kim loi l :
A. Be v Mg
B. Mg v Ca
C. Ca v Sr(88)
D. Sr v Ba
Cu 23: Hp cht C6H14 khi phn ng vi Clo c nh sng th thu c hn hp 2 sn phm ng
phn C6H13Cl . Nu thay 2 nguyn t H ca C6H14 bng 2 nguyn t Clo th s to ra hn hp gm s
lng ng phn l :
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
Cu 24: Phn ng no sau y vit sai :

(1) 2Fe + 6HCl 2FeCl3 + 3H2
(2) 2Fe + 6HNO3 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2
(3) 8Fe + 15H2SO4 c ngui 4Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2S + 12H2O
(4) 2Fe + 3CuCl2 2FeCl3 + 3Cu
A. (1) , (2)
B. (1),(2),(4) C. (1),(2),(3) D. (1),(2),(3),(4)
Cu 25: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt hn hp gm ankan CnH3n v anken CmH3m-3, sau dn
hn hp sn phm chy qua bnh ng H2SO4 c th khi lng bnh tng ln l :
A. 3,6g
B. 5,4g
C. 7,2g
D. 10,8g
Cu 26: Cho cc phng trnh ion rt gn sau :
a) Cu2+ + Fe Fe2+ + Cu
b) Cu + 2Fe3+ 2Fe2+ + Cu2+
c) Fe2+ + Mg Mg2+ + Fe
Nhn xt ng l :
A. Tnh kh ca : Mg > Fe > Fe2+ > Cu
B. Tnh kh ca : Mg > Fe2+ > Cu > Fe
C. Tnh oxi ha ca : Cu2+ > Fe3+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+
D. Tnh oxi ha ca:Fe3+>Cu2+ >Fe2+ >Mg2+
Cu 27: C cc dung dch mt nhn sau : axit axetic , glixerin ( hay cn gi l glixerol ) , etanol ,
glucozo. Thuc th dng nhn bit cc dung dch ny l :
85

A. Qu tm
C. CuO
B. dd AgNO3/NH3
D. Qu tm , AgNO3/NH3 , Cu(OH)2
Cu 28: Nung nng mt hn hp gm CaCO3 v MgO ti khi lng khng i , th s gam cht rn
cn li ch bng 2/3 s gam hn hp trc khi nung. Vy trong hn hp ban u th CaCO3 chim
phn trm theo khi lng l :
A. 75,76%
B. 24,24%
C. 66,67%
D. 33,33%
Cu 29: Trong s cc polime : Xenlulozo , PVC , amilopectin . cht c mch phn nhnh l :
A. amilopectin
B. amilopectin v xenlulozo
C. Xenlulozo
D. Xenlulozo v amilopectin
Cu 30: Phn ng no sau y dng gii thch hin tng thch to nh trong cc hang ng t
nhin :
A. CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
B. CaO + CO2 CaCO3
C. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
D. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2
Cu 31: Thy phn hon ton 0,01 mol saccarozo v 0,02 mol mantozo trong mi trng axit , vi
hiu sut u l 60% theo mi cht thu c dung dch X. Trung ha dung dch X thu c dung
dch Y, em dung dch Y ton b tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c m gam
Ag. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 9,504g
B. 6,480g
C. 8,208g
D. 7,776g
Cu 32: Chia 20 g hn hp X gm Al , Fe , Cu thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng vi dung
dch HCl c d thu c 5,6 lit kh (dktc). Phn 2 cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c
3,36 lit kh (dktc). Phn trm khi lng Cu trong hn hp l :
A. 8,5%
B. 13,5%
C. 17%
D. 28%
Cu 33: Hp cht hu c A c t khi hi so vi H2 l 30. t chy hon ton 0,3g A ch thu c 224
ml CO2 v 0,18g H2O. Cht A phn ng c vi Na to H2 v c phn ng trng bc. Vy A l :
A. CH3COOH
B. HO-CH2-CHO C. CH3OCHO
D. HOOC-CHO
Cu 34: Ha tan 9,14g hn hp Cu,Mg,Al bng dung dch HCl va thu c 7,84 lit kh X (dktc);
dung dch Z v 2,54g cht rn Y. Lc b cht rn Y , c cn dung dch Z thu c khi lng mui
khan l :
A. 19,025g B. 31,45g
C. 33,99g
D. 56,3g
86

Cu 35: Cc kim loi c tnh dn in v dn nhit tt. Trong s cc kim loi : vng , bc , ng ,
nhm th kim loi dn in tt nht l :
A. ng
B. Vng
C. Bc
D. Nhm
Cu 36: Cho kh CO i qua m gam Fe2O3 nung nng th thu c 10,68g cht rn A v kh B. Cho
ton b kh B hp th vo ducg dch Ca(OH)2 d th thy to ra 3 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 11,16g
B. 11,58g
C. 12,0g
D. 12,2g
Cu 37: Khi nung nng than cc vi CaO , CuO , FeO , PbO th phn ng xy ra vi :
A. CuO v FeO
B. CuO,FeO, PbO C. CaO v CuO
D. CaO,CuO,FeO v PbO
Cu 38: Ha tan hon ton 20g hn hp A gm Mg v Fe2O3 bng dung dch HNO3 c d thu c
dung dch B v V lit kh NO2 (dktc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Thm NaOH d vo dung dch B. Kt
thc th nghim , lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 28g
cht rn. Gi tr ca V l :
A. 44,8 lit
B. 33,6 lit
C. 22,4 lit
D. 11,2 lit
Cu 39: Ha tan hon ton Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long va thu c 4,48 lit H2(dktc). C cn
dung dch trong iu kin khng c oxi thu c 55,6g mui vi hiu sut 100%. Cng thc phn t
ca mui l :
A. FeSO4
B. Fe2(SO4)3
C. FeSO4.9H2O
D. FeSO4.7H2O
Cu 40: Cho mt lng hn hp gm CuO , Fe2O3 tan ht trong dung dch HCl thu c 2 mui c t
l mol l 1 : 1 . Phn trm khi lng CuO v Fe2O3 trong hn hp ln lt l :
A. 45,38% v 54,62%
B. 50% v 50%
C. 54,63% v 45,38%
D. Khng c gi tr c th
Cu 41: Ha tan 1,8g mui sunfat khan ca mt kim loi ha tr II trong nc , ri thm nc cho
50 ml dung dch . phn ng vi 10 ml dung dch cn va 20 ml dung dch BaCl2 0,15M. Cng
thc ha hc ca mui sunfat l :
A. CuSO4
B. Fe2SO4)3 C. MgSO4
D. ZnSO4
Cu 42: Nhit phn hon ton m gam hn hp gm CaCO3 v Na2CO3 thu c 11,6g cht rn v
2,24 lit kh (dktc). Hm lng % CaCO3 trong hn hp l :
A. 6,25%
B. 8,62%
C. 50,2%
D. 62,5%
Cu 43: Trong s nhng qung c cha st, qung c hm lng st nhiu nht l :
A. Hematit B. manhetit
C. xiderit D. pirit
Cu 44: Nhn xt no sau y l sai :
87

A. Trong phn t hidrocacbon, s nguyn t H lun l s chn
B. Cc hidrocacbon c s nguyn t C t hn 5 th c trng thi kh iu kin thng
C. Hidrocacbon no l hidrocacbon m trong phn t ch c lin kt n
D. Hidrocacbon m khi t chy cho s mol CO2 v H2O bng nhau th hidrocacbon thuc loi
anken
Cu 45: Trong qu trnh luyn gang thnh thp ngi ta c cho thm qung lmit . Vic s dng
qung lmit c tc dng g ?
A. Lm cho oxit st d nng chy
B. Loi bn SiO2 v P2O5
C. Luyn thm Mg , Ca vo thp
D. Ch to thp c bit
Cu 46: Hai hidrocacbon A v B c cng cng thc phn t C5H12 tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l mol 1 : 1
th A to ra 1 dn xut duy nht cn B to ra hn hp 4 dn xut. Tn gi ca A v B ln lt l :
A. 2,2 dimetylpropan v 2 metylbutan
B. 2,2 dimetylpropan v pentan
C. 2 metylbutan v 2,2 dimetylpropan
D. 2- metylpropan v pentan
Cu 47: Cho 10 ml dung dch mui Canxi tc dng vi lng d dung dch Na2CO3 , lc ly kt ta
nung n khi lng khng i thu c 0,28g cht rn. Nng mol ca ion canxi trong dung dch
ban u l :
A. 0,5M
B. 0,05M
C. 0,70M
D. 0,28M
Cu 48: Sp xp theo chiu tng dn linh ng ca nguyn t hidro trong nhm chc trong
phn t cc cht : C2H5OH (1) , CH3COOH (2) , CH2=CHCOOH (3) , C6H5OH (4) , CH3C6H4OH (5) ,
C6H5CH2OH (6) l :
A. (1) < (6) < (5) < (4) < (2) < (3)
B. (6) < (1) < (5) < (4) < (2) < (3)
C. (1) < (2) < (3) < (4) < (5) < (6)
D. (1) < (3) < (2) < (4) < (5) < (6)
Cu 49: Phn ng no sau y l khng ng ?
H 2 SO4
FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
A. Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4 c
B. 3FeO + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 5H2O
C. 2FeCl3 + H2S 2FeCl2 + 2HCl + S
D. 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3
Cu 50: Dung dch X c cha AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 c cng nng mol . Thm 1 hn hp gm 0,03
mol Al v 0,05 mol Fe vo 100 ml dung dch X cho ti khi phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn Y gm
3 kim loi . Cho m gam Y vo HCl d gii phng 0,07g kh. Nng ca 2 mui ban u l :
A. 0,3M
B. 0,4M
C. 0,42M
D. 0,45M
88

P N & LI GII CHI TIT
Cu 1: p n : C
(3) tch nc s to ra CH3CH=CHCH2CH3 c ng phn cis - trans
Cu 2: p n : A
Cu 3: p n : B
Cu 4: p n : B
Cu 5: p n : C
Cu 6: p n : D
X v Y k tip nhau trong 1 chu k => pX + 1 = pY
Li c pX + pY = 25 => pX =12 v pY =13
=> X : 1s22s22p63s2 v Y : 1s22s22p63s23p1
89

=> Chu k 3 v X thuc nhm IIA ; Y nhm IIIA
=>D
Cu 7: p n : C
Cu 8: p n : C
Cht xc tc ch lm tng tc phn ng m khng lm chuyn dch cn bng
=>C
Cu 9: p n : C
=>X l axit axetic

=>C
Cu 10: p n : D
Cng nng mol => H2SO4 sinh ra nhiu H+ nht => c pH thp nht
=> D
Cu 11: p n : D
A,B u phn ng cng vi Br2 t l mol 1 : 1=> c 1 lin kt C = C
A + NaOH mui + andehit => A l este vi gc hidrocacbon anco c lin kt C=C gn vi -COOdng RCOO CH = CH R
=> Loi A
B + NaOH d 2 mui v H2O => B l este ca phenol RCOO-C6H4-R
=> D
Cu 12: p n : D
90

Cu 13: p n : A
Ta c : nankan + nanken = 0,1 mol
V nH2O nCO2 = nankan = 0,09 mol => nanken = 0,01 mol
=>A
Cu 14: p n : D
C2H4O2 c th l : HCOOCH3 ; CH3COOH ; HO CH2 CHO
(NaOH)
(3)
( Na )
=> C tng cng 5 phn ng

=>D
Cu 15: p n : B
Gi CTPT chung ca cc cht l CnH2nO2
=> Khi t chy : nCO2 = nH2O = 0,6 mol
,nNaOH = nCOO = 0,2 mol
Bo ton nguyn t : Trong A c : 0,6 mol C ; 1,2 mol H v 0,4 mol O
=> m = 14,8g
=>B
Cu 16: p n : C
Bo ton nguyn t : nCO2 = nC(X) = nC(Y) = 0,04 mol
=> Khi t Y th nCO2 = nH2O = nC(Y) = 0,04 mol
=> mH2O + mCO2 = 2,48g
=>C
Cu 17: p n : C
khng lm thay i khi lng Ag th dng FeCl3
91

Fe + 2FeCl3 3FeCl2
Cu + 2FeCl3 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
=>C
Cu 18: p n : B
Cu 19: p n : C
nCO2 = nCOOH = 0,05mol = nX
=> neste = naxit.H = 0,04 mol
=> Meste = 88g => Este l CH3COOC2H5
=> m = mCH3COOH = 3g
=>C
Cu 20: p n : B
trung ha th nOH = nH+
=> VX. (CKOH + 2CBa(OH)2) = 40.(CHCl + 2CH2SO4 )
=> VX = 125 ml = 0,125 lit
=> B
Cu 21: p n : C
Isopropylbenzen : C6H5 CH(CH3)2 + Br2 (as , 1 : 1)
=> sn phm chnh l : C6H5 CBr(CH3)2 ( c nh sng th xy ra phn ng th )
Tn gi ca sn phm l : 2-brom-2phenylpropan
=>C
Cu 22: p n : B
Gi CT chung ca 2 kim loi l R
R + H2SO4 RSO4 + H2
92

=> nH2 = nR = 0,2 mol
=> MR = 32g => 2 kim loi l Mg(24) v Ca(40)
=>B
Cu 23: p n : C
=>C 6 cht
=>C
Cu 24: p n : D
Cu 25: p n : B
Ankan CnH3n : 3n = 2n + 2 => n = 2 => C2H6
Anken : CmH3m-3 : 3m 3 = 2m => m = 3 => C3H6
93

Do 2 cht c cng s H => nH = 6nhh = 2 nH2O = 0,6 mol
=> nH2O = 0,3 mol
,mtng = mH2O= 5,4g
=>B
Cu 26: p n : D
Cu 27: p n : D
_ Qu tm => axit axetic
_ AgNO3/NH3 => Glucozo
_ Cu(OH)2 => Glyxerol
_ Cn li l etanol
=>D
Cu 28: p n : A
Gi s s mol CaCO3 trong hn hp u l 1 mol
CaCO3 CaO + CO2
=> mtrc msau = mCO2 = mtrc 2/3mtrc
=> mtrc = 3mCO2 = 132g
=> %mCaCO3/hh = 75,76%
=>A
Cu 29: p n : A
Cu 30: p n : C
Cu 31: p n : A
Saccarozo Glucozo + Fructozo
0,01.60%
0,006 0,006 mol
Mantozo 2Glucozo
94

0,02.60% 0,024 mol
=> Sau phn ng c : 0,03 mol Glucozo ; 0,006 mol Fructozo ; 0,004 mol Saccarozo v 0,008 mol
mantozo
=> mAg = 108. ( 2nGlu + 2nFruc + 2nMan )
= 108.( 2.0,03 + 2.0,006 + 2.0,008 )
= 9,504g
=>A
Cu 32: p n : C
Xt P2 : Ch c Al phn ng vi NaOH => nAl.3 = 2nH2 ( Bo ton e)
=> nAl = 0,1 mol
Xt P1 : Fe v Al phn ng vi HCl c => 2nFe + 3nAl = 2nH2
=> nFe = 0,1 mol
=> Trong mi phn th c : mCu = .20 27.0,1 56.0,1 = 1,7g
=> %mCu(X) = %mCu(1/2 X) = 17%
=>Cu 33: p n : B
Cu 34: p n : B
nHCl = 2nH2 = 0,7 mol ( bo ton H )
95

Bo ton khi lng : mmui Z + mH2 + mY = mHCl + mhh KL
=> mmui Z = 31,45g
=>B
Cu 35: p n : C
Cu 36: p n : A
nCaCO3 = nCO2 = nCO p = 0,03 mol
Bo ton khi lng : mCO + mFe2O3 = mA + mCO2
=> mFe2O3 = m = 11,16g
=>A
Cu 37: p n : D
Cc oxit FeO , CuO , PbO phn ng vi C Kim loi
CaO + 3C CaC2 + CO ( nhit cao l in v kh quyn tr )
=>D
Cu 38: p n : C
S phn ng :
A(Mg,Fe2O3) dd B(Mg2+,Fe3+) Mg(OH)2,Fe(OH)3 MgO,Fe2O3
=> mrn cui cng mA = mO(MgO) = 8g
=> nMgO = nMg = 0,5 mol
Ch c Mg phn ng oxi ha vi HNO3 => Bo ton e : 2nMg = nNO2 = 1 mol
=> VNO2= 22,4 lit
=>C
Cu 39: p n : D
Gi cng thc mui l FeSO4.xH2O ( V Fe + H2SO4 long ch to Fe2+)
96

,nFe = nH2 = 0,2 mol => nmui = nFe = 0,2 mol
=> 278 = 152 + 18x => x = 7
=> Mui l FeSO4.7H2O
=>D
Cu 40: p n : B
Sau phn ng thu c 2 mui l CuCl2 v FeCl3
=> nCuCl2 = nFeCl3 => nCuO = 2nFe2O3 ( bo ton nguyn t )
Coi trong hn hp u c 1 mol Fe2O3 v 2 mol CuO
=> %mCuO(hh u) = 50%
=>B
Cu 41: p n : C
Gi cng thc mui cn tm l RSO4
phn ng va vi 50 ml dung dch ny cn 5.0,02.0,15 = 0,015 mol BaCl2
=> nRSO4 = nBaCl2 = 0,015 mol
=> R + 96 = 120 => R = 24 (Mg)
=>C
Cu 42: p n : D
Ch c phn ng : CaCO3 CaO + CO2
=> nCO2 = nCaCO3 = 0,1mol = nCaO
=> mNa2CO3 = 11,6 mCaO = 6g
=> Trong hn hp u c : 6g Na2CO3 v 10g CaCO3
=> %mCaCO3/hh u = 62,5%
=>D
Cu 43: p n : B
97

Cu 44: p n : D
Khi hidrocacbon t chy to s mol CO2 v H2O bng nhau th hidrocacbon c dng CnH2n ( l
anken hoc xicloankan )
=>D
Cu 45: p n : B
Qung lmit c thnh phn CaCO3 khi trong l nhit cao sinh ra CaO s phn ng vi SiO2 ,
P2O5 to x.
=>B
Cu 46: p n : A
Khi phn ng vi Cl2 ( as , 1 : 1)
A ch to 1 dn xut duy nht => A phi l : C(CH3)4 ( 2,2 dimetylpropan )
B to 4 dn xut => B l : CH3 CH(CH3) CH2 CH3 ( 2 metylbutan )
Cu 47: p n : A
S : Ca2+ CaCO3 CaO
=> nCa2+ = nCaO = 0,005 mol
=> CM(Ca2+) = 0,5M
=>A
Cu 48: p n : A
CH2=CHCOOH c nhm CH2=CH- ht e => cng lm tng phn cc lin kt O-H
=> Tnh linh ng ca H mnh nht
C2H5OH c nhm C2H5 y e => gim tnh phn cc ca O-H
=> Tnh linh ng yu nht
=>A
Cu 49: p n : A
98

Cu 50: p n : B
Cht rn Y gm 3 kim loi => Gm Ag,Cu,Fe
Khi cho Y + HCl => nH2 = nFe(Y) = 0,035 mol
=> S mol Fe phn ng l 0,05 0,035 = 0,015 mol
Gi nng mol 2 mui ban u l x M
=> 2nCu2+ + nAg+ = 2nFe p + 3nAl
=> 0,1.(2x + x) = 2.0,015 + 3.0,03
=> x = 0,4M
=>B
99

MN HA HC LN 9
Cu 1: Trong cc halogen sau y, halogen c tnh oxi ha mnh nht l
A. Clo.
B. Flo.
C. Brom.
D. Iot.
Tnh oxi ha ca Flo > Clo > Brom > Iot p n B
Cu 2: Phn ng no di y khng phi l phn ng oxi ha kh?
t
5KCl KClO3 3H 2O.
A. 6KOH 3Cl 2
t
2Fe 2O3
B. 4FeO O 2
t
BaO CO 2 .
C. BaCO 3
t
K 2 MnO 4 O 2 MnO 2
D. 2KMnO 4
2 4 2
2 2
4 2
t
p n C v khng c s thay i s oxi ha: Ba CO3
Ba O CO2
Cu 3: Cho bit s hiu nguyn t ca X l 13. Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t X l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p1.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p3.
p n C
Cu 4: Ha tan hon ton 5,4 gam Ag bng dung dch HNO3, thu c x mol NO2 (l sn phm kh
duy nht). Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,05.
B. 0,10.
C. 0,15.
D. 0,25.
Phng trnh ha hc: Ag + 2HNO3 AgNO3 + NO2 + H2O
0,05
0,05
p n A
Cu 5: Lu hunh trong cht no sau y va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh
A. H2S.
B. Na2SO4.
C. SO2.
D. H2SO4.
p n C v S c s oxi ha +4 l s oxi ha trung gian, c th tng ln +6 hoc xung 0
Cu 6: t chy hon ton m gam Cu trong kh Cl2 d, thu c 13,5 gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,4.
B. 3,2.
C. 12,8.
D. 9,6.
Phng trnh ha hc: Cu + Cl2 CuCl2
a
a
a = 0,1 mol m = 6,4 gam p n A
Cu 7: Cho cc nguyn t: Al (Z = 13), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp
theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l:
A. Si, Mg, Al.
B. Mg, Al, Si.
C. Si, Al, Mg.
D. Mg, Si, Al
C 3 nguyn t ny u thuc chu k 3, th t t tri sang phi trong chu k l Mg, Al, Si. M
trong 1 chu k, i t tri qua phi th bn knh nguyn t gim dn nn p n l B
Cu 8: Cho 0,3 gam mt kim loi ha tr II phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 0,28 lt H2
(ktc). Kim loi l
o
100

A. Ca.
B. Ba.
C. Sr.
D. Mg.
Phng trnh ha hc: M + 2HCl MCl2 + H2
a
a
a = 0,0125 mol M = 24 gam p n D
Cu 9: Dy gm cc cht trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l
A. O2, H2O, NH3
B. H2O, HF, H2S
C. HCl, O3, H2S
D. HF, Cl2, H2O
Lin kt CHT phn cc c to ra t 2 loi phi kim khc nhau p n B
Hoc c th loi tr A, C, D u c cc n cht (cha lin kt CHT khng cc)
Cu 10: Ha tan hon ton 2,7 gam Al bng dung dch H2SO4 long, d th thu c V lt H2 (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 1,12.
C. 4,48.
D. 3,36.
Phng trnh ha hc: 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,1
0,15
V = 3,36 (l) p n D
Cu 11: Thc hin cc th nghim sau iu kin thng:
(a) Sc kh H2SO4 vo dung dch NaOH.
(b) Cho NaCl vo dung dch KNO3.
(c) Cho Na2CO3 vo dung dch HCl
(d) Cho dung dch CuSO4 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cc phn ng ny u thuc loi phn ng trao i ion. Phn ng ch xy ra khi sn phm c t
nht 1 cht kt ta hoc 1 cht kh hoc 1 cht in li yu.
(a) H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O (v to ra nc l cht in li yu)
(b) Khng xy ra
(c) Na2CO3 + 2 HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O (v to ra nc v kh CO2)
(d) CuSO4 + Ba(OH)2 Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4 (v to ra 2 cht kt ta)
p n B
Cu 12: V tr ca nguyn t Na (Z=11) trong BTH l:
A. Chu k 4, nhm IA
B. Chu k 4, nhm IB
C. Chu k 3, nhm IA
D. Chu k 3, nhm IB
Cu hnh electron ca Na: 1s22s22p63s1 chu k 3, nhm IA p n C
Cu 13: Kh hon ton 4,8 gam Fe2O3 bng CO d nhit cao. Khi lng Fe thu c sau phn
ng l
A. 2,52 gam.
B. 3,36 gam.
C. 1,68 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
Phng trnh ha hc: Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
0,03
006
mFe = 3,36 (g) p n B
Cu 14: Dung dch HNO3 khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Mg.
B. FeO.
C. Ag.
D. CuSO4.
p n A v C l cc kim loi (khng phi Au, Pt) nn c th tc dng vi HNO3
p n B l 1 oxit bazo nn cng c th tc dng vi HNO3
Vy p n l D
101

Cu 15: Oxit no sau y l oxit axit?
A. MgO.
B. CaO.
C. CO2.
D. Na2O.
p n C
Cu 16: Cht no sau y khng phn ng c vi axit axetic?
A. NaOH.
B. Cu.
C. Na.
D. CaCO3.
p n B v Cu l kim loi yu (ng sau H trong dy hot ng ha hc)
Cu 17: X phng ha hon ton 3,7 gam CH3COOCH3 bng mt lng va dung dch NaOH. C
cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,6.
B. 3,2.
C. 4,1.
D. 8,2.
Phng trnh ha hc: CH3COOCH3 + NaOH CH3COONa + CH3OH
0,05
005
mmui = 4,1 (g) p n C
Cu 18: Trong cc cht sau y, cht no c nhit si cao nht
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH3.
D. CH3CH2OH.
Vi cc cht c M tng ng nhau th nhit si gim dn theo chiu sau:
amino axit > axit > ancol > amin > cc cht khc
p n A
Cu 19: Khi lm th nghim vi HNO3 c, nng thng sinh ra kh NO2. hn ch tt nht kh
NO2 thot ra gy nhim mi trng, ngi ta nt ng nghim bng bng tm dung dch no sau
y
A. Nc vi trong.
B. Mui n.
C. Gim n.
D. Cn.
p n A v nc vi trong (Ca(OH)2) l bazo c th hp th c NO2
Cu 20: Cho 9 gam amin X n chc, bc 1 phn ng vi lng d dung dch HCl, thu c dung
dch cha 16,3 gam mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3NHCH3.
C. C3H7NH2.
D. CH3CH2NH2.
Phng trnh ha hc: R-NH2 + HCl R-NH3Cl
mmui = mX + mHCl mHCl = mMui mX = 7,3 gam nHCl = 0,2 mol = nX MX = 45
R = 29 (C2H5) p n D
Cu 21: Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim, un nng c gi l phn ng
A. trng hp.
B. thy phn.
C. x phng ha.
D. trng ngng.
p n C
Cu 22: Cht no sau y khng thy phn trong mi trng axit
A. Tinh bt.
B. Glucoz.
C. Saccaroz.
D. Xenluloz.
p n B v glucozo l monosaccarit, khng th thy phn c
Cu 23: Cht no sau y thuc loi amin bc mt
A. (CH3)3N.
B. CH3NHCH3.
C. CH3NH2.
D. CH3CH2NHCH3.
Amin bc I c cha nhm NH2 p n C
Cu 24: Cho cc pht biu sau
(a) nhit thng, Cu(OH)2 tan c trong dung dch glixerol.
(b) nhit thng, C2H4 phn ng c vi nc brom.
(c) t chy hon ton CH3COOCH3 thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O.
102

(d) axit fomic (HCOOH) phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH.
S pht biu ng l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Pht biu (a) ng v glixerol l ancol a chc c 2 nhm OH cnh nhau nn ha tan c
Cu(OH)2 to ra dung dch phc mu xanh.
Pht biu (b) ng v C2H4 (etilen) c lin kt i (C=C) nn lm mt mu dung dch brom
Pht biu (c) ng: CH3COOCH3 + 3,5O2 3CO2 + 3H2O
Pht biu (d) ng: HCOOH + NaOH HCOONa + H2O
Cu 25: Cho CH3CHO phn ng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, nun nng) thu c
A. CH3COOH.
B. HCOOH.
C. CH3CH2OH.
D. CH3OH.
p n C v anehit + H2 ancol bc I
Cu 26: un 4,6 gam C2H5OH vi CH3COOH d (xc tc H2SO4 c), thu c 2,2 gam
CH3COOC2H5. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho tnh theo ancol l
A. 12,5%.
B. 75%.
C. 25,00%.
D. 50,00%.
Phng trnh ha hc: C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
B
0,2 (mol)
p/
x (mol)
x
Vi neste = 0,025 (mol) = x H% = 0,025/0,2.100% = 12,5% p n A
Cu 27: Cht bo l trieste ca axit bo vi
A. ancol metylic.
B. etylen glicol.
C. ancol etylic.
D. glixerol.
p n D
Cu 28: Kh thin nhin c dng lm nhin liu v nguyn liu cho cc nh my sn xut in, s,
m, ancol metylic,... Thnh phn chnh ca kh thin nhin l
A. C6H6.
B. C2H4.
C. CH4.
D. C2H2.
p n C
Cu 29: Pht biu no sau y sai?
A. Kh clo c dng st trng nc sinh hot
B. Phn m cung cp nguyn t nito cho cy
C. Axit sunfuric l mt trong nhng ha cht c nhiu ng dng quan trng trong cng nghip
D. Trong t nhin, oxi ch tn ti dng n cht.
p n D v oxi tn ti c dng hp cht nh H2O, CO2,
Cu 30: t chy hon ton cht hu c no sau y thu c sn phm c cha N2?
A. Xenluloz.
B. Amin.
C. Cht bo.
D. Tinh bt.
p n B v trong 4 loi cht trn ch c amin l c cha nguyn t Nito
Cu 31: Axit X cha mt nhm -COOH trong phn t. Y l este ca X vi 1 ancol n chc, MY = 88.
Cng thc ca X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COOC2H5.
B. CH3- CH2-COOH, CH3- CH2-COOC2H5.
C. H-COOH, H-COOCH3.
D. HCOOH, HCOOC2H5.
MY = 88 nn ch c p n A tha mn.
Cu 32: Hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon mch h. t chy hon ton mt lng X, thu c CO2 v H2O
c s mol bng nhau. X khng th gm
103

A. ankan v anken. B. hai anken.
C. ankan v ankin. D. ankan v ankaien.
p n A v t chy ankan thu c nCO2 < nH2O cn t chy anken thu c nCO2 = nH2O nn t
chy hn hp ankan v anken th nCO2 < nH2O
Cu 33: Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol K+; 0,2 mol Mg2+; 0,1 mol Na+; 0,2 mol Cl v a mol Y2 . C cn
dung dch X, thu c m gam mui khan. Ion Y2 v gi tr ca m l
A. SO24 v 56,5.
B. CO32 v 30,1.
C. SO24 v 37,3.
D. CO32 v 42,1.
V dung dch c ion Mg2+ nn Y2- khng th l CO32- c loi B v D Y2- l SO42Bo ton in tch ta c: 0,1.1 + 0,2.2 +0,1.1 = 0,2.1 + a.2 a = 0,2
mmui = 0,1.39 + 0,2.24 + 0,1.23 + 0,2.35,5 + 0,2.96 = 37,3 p n C
Cu 34: Ha tan 1,12 gam Fe bng 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,2M, thu c dung dch X v kh H2. Cho
dung dch AgNO3 d vo X, thu c kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N 5 ) v m gam kt ta.
Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,36.
B. 8,61.
C. 9,15.
D. 10,23.
Ta c: nFe = 0,02 (mol), nHCl = 0,06 (mol)
Phng trnh ha hc: Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
B: 0,02 0,06
P/: 0,02 0,04
0,02
0,02
Sau: 0
0,02
0,02
0,02
Vy dung dch X gm: Fe2+: 0,02 mol; H+: 0,02 mol; Cl-: 0,06 mol
Cho AgNO3 vo X: 3Fe2+ + 4H+ + NO3- 3Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O
B: 0,02
0,02
P/: 0,015 0,02
0,015 0,005
Sau: 0,005 0
Fe2+ + Ag+ Fe3+ + Ag
0,005
0,005
+
Ag + Cl AgCl
0,06 0,06
Vy kt ta gm Ag (0,005 mol) v AgCl (0,06 mol) m = 9,15 gam p n C
Cu 35: C ba dung dch ring bit: H2SO4 1M; KNO3 1M; HNO3 1M c nh s ngu nhin l
(1), (2), (3).
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (2), thm bt Cu d, thu c V1 lt kh NO.
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c 2V1 lt kh NO.
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (2) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c V2 lt kh NO.
Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, NO l sn phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng
iu
kin. So snh no sau y ng?
A. V2 = V1.
B. V2 = 3V1.
C. V2 = 2V1.
D. 2V2 = V1.
+
Ta c: Phng trnh phn ng to ra NO: 3Cu + 8H + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
Nhn thy: s mol H+ phn ng = 4 ln s mol NO3-. V vy trong c 3 TN trn th NO3- u d.
s mol NO thu c = s mol H+.
Li thy TN2 s mol NO gp 2 ln s mol NO TN1 s mol H+ TN2 gp i TN1
104

(3) l H2SO4 cn (2) l HNO3 (1) l KNO3.
TN3, s mol H+ = 3 ln TN1 V2 = 3V1 p n B.
Cu 36: phn tch nh tnh cc nguyn t trong hp cht hu c, ngi ta thc hin mt th nghim
c m t nh hnh v:
Hp cht hu c
Bng trn CuSO4 khan
Dung dch Ca(OH)2
Pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Th nghim trn dng xc nh clo c trong hp cht hu c.
B. Trong th nghim trn c th thay dung dch Ca(OH)2 bng dung dch Ba(OH)2.
C. Bng trn CuSO4 khan c tc dng chnh l ngn hi hp cht hu c thot ra khi ng nghim.
D. Th nghim trn dng xc nh nit c trong hp cht hu c.
D dng nhn thy p n B l ng v 2 dung dch Ca(OH)2 v Ba(OH)2 c tnh cht hon ton
tng t nhau.
Phn tch thm:
p n A sai v dung dch Ca(OH)2 khng nhn bit c clo
p n C sai v CuSO4 khan c kh nng ht nc mnh v b thay i mu (t trng sang xanh)
nn CuSO4 dng nhn bit ra hi nc trong sn phm
p n D sai (tng t nh A)
Cu 37: Hn hp X gm CaC2 x mol v Al4C3 y mol. Cho mt lng nh X vo H2O rt d, thu c
dung dch Y, hn hp kh Z (C2H2 v CH4) v a gam kt ta Al(OH)3. t chy ht Z, ri cho ton b
sn phm vo Y c 2a gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. T l x : y bng
A. 5 : 6.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 3 : 2.
D. 4 : 3.
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
CaC2 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
x
x
x
Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4
y
4y
3y
Ca(OH)2 + 2Al(OH)3 Ca(AlO2)2 + 4H2O
B:
x
4y
P/:
x
2x
x
Sau:
0
4y-2x
x
s mol kt ta = 4y 2x (1)
Dung dch Y gm Ca(AlO2)2 x (mol); kh Z gm C2H2 (x mol) v CH4 (3y mol)
t chy hn hp CH4 v C2H2 th thu c s mol CO2 = 2x + 3y (mol). Cho hp th vo Y:
CO2 + 2H2O + AlO2- Al(OH)3 + HCO3B: 2x + 3y
2x
105

2x
2x
P/: 2x
2x
Sau: 3y
0
s mol kt ta = 2x (2)
V s mol kt ta (2) = 2 (1) 2x = 2(4y-2x) x:y = 4:3 p n D
Cu 38: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau iu kin thng:
(a) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch H2S.
(b) Sc kh F2 vo nc.
(c) Cho KMnO4 vo dung dch HCl c.
(d) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch NaOH.
(e) Cho Si vo dung dch NaOH long.
(g) Cho Na2SO3 vo dung dch H2SO4.
S th nghim c sinh ra n cht l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
(a) SO2 + 2H2S 3S + 2H2O
(b) 2F2 + 2H2O 4HF + O2
(c) 2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
(d) CO2 + NaOH NaHCO3 (hoc Na2CO3 + H2O)
(e) Khng xy ra.
(g) Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
p n C
Cu 39: Bng di y ghi li hin tng khi lm th nghim vi cc cht sau dng dung dch nc:
X, Y, Z, T v Q.
X
Y
Z
T
Q
Cht
Thuc th
khng i khng i khng i Khng i khng i
Qu tm
mu
Mu
mu
mu
mu
Dung dch
khng c kt
khng c khng c
Ag
Ag
AgNO3/NH3, un nh
ta
kt ta
kt ta
Cu(OH)
dung
dch
dung
dch
Cu(OH)
Cu(OH)2
2
2
Cu(OH)
, lc nh
un2nh
khng tan xanh lam Xanh lam khng tan khng tan
Kt
ta trng khng c khng c Khng c
khng c
Nc brom
kt ta
kt ta
kt ta
kt ta
Cc cht X, Y, Z, T v Q ln lt l
A. Anilin, glucoz, glixerol, anehit fomic, metanol.
B. Glixerol, glucoz, etylen glicol, metanol, axetanehit.
C. Phenol, glucoz, glixerol, etanol, anehit fomic.
D. Fructoz, glucoz, axetanehit, etanol, anehit fomic.
Loi D v X khng trng bc m fructozo c phn ng trng bc
Loi B v X to kt ta trng vi nc brom m glixerol khng tc dng vi nc brom
Loi A v T khng trng bc m andehit fomic c phn ng trng bc
Vy p n l C
Cu 40: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau
(a) Cho Cu vo dung dch FeSO4.
(b) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch FeCl2.
(c) Dn kh CO d qua bt CuO nung nng. (d) Cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4 d.
106

(e) Nhit phn AgNO3.
(g) t FeS2 trong khng kh.
Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, s th nghim thu c kim loi l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 5.
(a) khng phn ng
(b) Cl2 + 2FeCl2 2FeCl3
(c) CO +CuO Cu + CO2
(d) 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2; 2NaOH + CuSO4 Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
(e) AgNO3 Ag + NO2 + 1/2O2
(g) 4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
Vy p n l B
Cu 41: Sc CO2 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2
ta quan st hin tng theo th hnh bn.
S mol BaCO3
Gi tr ca x l :
A. 5,0 (mol)
C. 4,0 (mol)
B. 3,6 (mol)
D. 4,4 (mol)
0,5a
3,0
S mol CO2
Nhn vo th ta thy:
+ S mol BaCO3 ti a thu c = a (mol) = s mol Ba(OH)2 ban u
+ Khi s mol CO2 = 3,0 th Ba2+ kt ta ht v CO2 ha tan 1 phn kt ta, lng kt ta cn
li l 0,5a (mol).
Cc phn ng xy ra theo th t nh sau:
(1) CO2 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + H2O
a
(2) CO2 + H2O + BaCO3 Ba(HCO3)2

B:
P/:
a
0,5a
0,5a
Sau:
0,5a
s mol CO2 = 1,5a = 3,0 a = 2 (mol)

Khi s mol CO2 = x (mol) th kt ta tan ht, khi cc phn ng nh sau:
(1) CO2 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + H2O
a
(2) CO2 + H2O + BaCO3 Ba(HCO3)2

B:
107

P/:
Sau:
s mol CO2 = 2a = 4,0 x = 4 (mol) p n C

Cu 42: un nng m gam hn hp X (R-COO-R1; R-COO-R2) vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1,38M thu
c dung dch Y v 15,4 gam hn hp T gm hai ancol n chc l ng ng lin tip. Cho ton b
lng T tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn Y thu c cht rn ri ly cht
rn ny em nung vi CaO xc tc n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 7,2 gam mt kh. Gi
tr ca m l
A. 20,44.
B. 40,60.
C. 34,51.
D. 31,00.
Gi CT chung ca 2 este l R-COO-R
Phng trnh phn ng:
R-COO-R + NaOH R-COONa + R-OH (1)
B:
x
0,69 (mol)
P:
a
a
a
a
Sau:
x-a
0,69-a
a
a
R-OH + Na R-ONa + 1/2 H2
a
a/2
nH2 = a/2 = 0,225 a = 0,45 phn ng (1) NaOH d v este ht x = a = 0,45
Li c mT = 15,4 gam MR-OH = 34,22 R = 17,22 (= 155/9)
C cn dung dch Y thu c cht rn gm: R-COONa (0,45 mol) v NaOH (0,23 mol), nung
cht rn ny vi CaO (xc tc) th c phn ng:
R-COONa + NaOH RH + Na2CO3
B:
0,45
0,24
P/:
0,24
0,24
0,24
Sau:
0,21
0
0,24
kh l RH (0,24 mol) R = 29 (C2H5)
Vy m = 0,45.(R + 44 + R) = 40,6 gam p n B
Cu 43: Cho 8,16 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3
long (dung dch Y), thu c 1,344 lt NO (ktc) v dung dch Z. Dung dch Z ha tan ti a 5,04
gam Fe, sinh ra kh NO. Bit trong cc phn ng, NO l sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5. S mol
HNO3 c trong Y l
A. 0,54 mol.
B. 0,78 mol.
C. 0,50 mol.
D. 0,44 mol.
Gi s X gm c Fe (a mol) v O (b mol) 56a + 16b = 8,16 (*)

V dung dch Z tc dng vi Fe sinh ra NO chng t trong Z ang cn H+ d hn hp X tan
ht v to ra mui Fe3+.
Li c nNO = 0,06 (mol)
. Bo ton electron ta c: 3a = 2b + 0,06.3 (**)
a = 0,12 v b = 0,09
Z cha cc cht: HNO3 d (x mol) v Fe(NO3)3 (0,12 mol)
Cho 5,04 gam Fe (0,09 mol) vo Z th c cc phn ng sau:
108
Fe +

4H+ + NO3- Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O (1)
B: 0,09
P/:
x/4
x/4
Sau: 0,09-x/4 0
Fe +
x + 0,36
x/4
x/4
3x/4+0,36 x/4
2Fe3+
3Fe2+
0,09-x/4 0,18-x/2
M tng s mol Fe3+ = s mol ca Fe(NO3)3 trong Z + s mol Fe3+ to ra (1) = 0,12 + x/4
0,18-x/2 = 0,12 + x/4 x = 0,08 (mol)
tng s mol HNO3 = x + 0,12.3 + 0,06 = 0,5 mol (bo ton nguyn t N) p n C.
Cu 44: Cho m gam hn hp P gm Mg v Al c t l mol 4:5 vo dung dch HNO3 20%. Sau khi cc
kim loi tan ht c 6,72 lt hn hp X gm NO, N2O, N2 bay ra (ktc) v c dung dch A. Thm mt
lng O2 va vo X, sau phn ng c hn hp kh Y. Dn Y t t qua dung dch KOH d, c
4,48 lt hn hp kh Z i ra (ktc). T khi ca Z i vi H2 bng 20. Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo
dung dch A th lng kt ta ln nht thu c l (m + 39,1) gam .Bit HNO3 dng d 20 % so vi
lng cn thit.Nng % ca Al(NO3)3 trong A gn nht vi :
A. 9,5%
B. 9,6%
C. 9,4%
D. 9,7%
Hn hp P: Mg (4a mol) v Al (5a mol) 24.4a + 27.5a = m (*)
Hn hp X: NO (x mol), N2O (y mol), N2 (z mol)
x + y + z = 0,3 (1)
Cho X tc dng vi oxi va :
NO + 1/2O2 NO2
x
x
Hn hp Y: NO2 (x mol), N2O (y mol), N2 (x mol). cho tc dng vi KOH d
NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O
hn hp Z: N2O (y mol), N2 (z mol), dZ/H2 = 20 y + z = 0,2 (2) v 44y + 28z = 40(y + z) (3)
x = 0,1; y = 0,15; z = 0,05
Gi s sn phm kh c c NH4NO3 (t mol)
p dng nh lut bo ton electron ta c: 2.4a + 3.5a = 3.0,1 + 8.0,15 + 10.0,05 + 8t (4)
Khi lng kt ta ti a khi Al3+ v Mg2+ u kt ta ht to ra Mg(OH)2 (4a mol) v Al(OH)3
(5a mol)
4a.58 + 5a.78 = m + 39,1 (**)
T (*) v (**) a = 0,1 mol
Thay vo (4) t = 0,0375 mol
Bo ton nguyn t Nito s mol HNO3 phn ng = ne nhng + nNO + 2nN2O + 2nN2 + 2nNH4NO3
= 2,3 + 0,1 + 2.0,15 + 2.0,05 + 2.0,0375 = 2,875 mol
mHNO3 = 181,125 (g) mdd HNO3 = 905,625 (g)
V HNO3 d 20% mdd HNO3 ban u = 905,625.120/100 = 1086,75 (g)
mddA = mdd + mKL - mkh = 1086,75 + 23,1 (0,1.30 + 0,15.44 + 0,05.28) = 1098,85 gam
Li c s mol Al(NO3)3 = s mol Al bn u = 0,5 mAl(NO3)3 = 106,5 (g)
C% Al(NO3)3 = 9,69% p n D.
109

Cu 45: Cho 3 cht hu c X, Y, Z (mch thng, ch cha C, H, O) u c khi lng mol l 82 (trong
X v Y l ng phn ca nhau). Bit 1,0 mol X hoc Z tc dng va vi 3,0 mol AgNO3 trong
dung dch NH3; 1,0 mol Y tc dng va vi 4,0 mol AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3. Kt lun
khng ng khi nhn xt v X, Y, Z l
A. S lin kt trong X, Y v Z ln lt l 4, 4 v 3.
B. Phn trm khi lng ca hiro trong X l 7,32% v trong Z l 2,44%.
C. Phn trm khi lng oxi trong X l 39,02% v trong Z l 19,51%.
D. S nhm chc -CHO trong X, Y v Z ln lt l 1,2 v 1.
V 1 mol Y tc dng c vi 4mol AgNO3 m MY = 82 Y c 2 nhm CHO.
Gi cng thc ca Y l R(CHO)2 R = 24 (C2) CTCT ca Y l HOC-CC-CHO
V 1 mol X hoc Z tc dng c vi 3 mol AgNO3 m M = 82 X v Z c 1 nhm CHO v 1
lin kt ba u mch.
Gi cng thc ca X v Z l HCC-R-CHO R = 28 (C2H4 hoc CO)
CTCT ca X l CHC-CO-CHO (v X l ng phn ca Y) v Z l CHC-CH2-CH2-CHO.
p n B
Cu 46: t chy hon ton 3,08 gam hp cht hu c X (ch cha C, H, O), ton b sn phm sinh ra
hp th vo bnh ng 500ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,2M thy xut hin 6 gam kt ta, ng thi khi
lng dung dch tng 1,24 gam. Bit phn t khi ca X nh hn phn t khi ca glucoz, X phn
ng vi NaOH theo t l mol nX : nNaOH =1:4 v X c phn ng trng gng. S ng phn ca X l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Ta c s mol ca Ca(OH)2 = 0,1 (mol) m s mol kt ta = 0,06 gam nn s c 2 trng hp xy
ra nh sau:
TH1: Ca(OH)2 d, phn ng ch to ra mui CaCO3 nCO2 = nCaCO3 = 0,06 mol
mdd tng = mCO2 + mH2O mCaCO3 mH2O = 4,6 g nH2O = 23/90
nC = 0,06 (mol) v nH = 46/90 = 23/45.
Nu gi CTPT ca X l CxHyOz th x:y = 0,06:23/45 y = 27/230.x
Vi iu kin y 2x +2 x < 1 (v l)
TH2: Phn ng to ra 2 mui
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
a
a
a
Ca(OH)2 + 2CO2 Ca(HCO3)2
b
2b
b
Ta c a = 0,06 v a + b = 0,1 b = 0,04 tng s mol CO2 = a + 2b = 0,14 (mol)
mdd tng = mCO2 + mH2O mCaCO3 mH2O = 1,08 g nH2O = 0,06
nC = 0,14 (mol) v nH = 0,12 mO = 3,08 0,14.12 0,12.1 = 1,28 (g) nO = 0,08 (mol)
Nu gi CTPT ca X l CxHyOz th x:y:z = 0,14:0,12:0,08 = 7:6:4
CTGN l C7H6O4 CTPT l (C7H6O4)n m MX < MC6H12O6 n = 1
CTPT l C7H6O4.
X c 4 nguyn t Oxi, c k=5 m X tc dng c vi 4 mol NaOH v li c phn ng trng
gng nn X c 1 nhm H-COO gn vo vng benzen v trong vng cn c 2 nhm OH phenol
na.
110

X c 5 CTCT p n A.
Cu 47: Cho 7,65 gam hn hp X gm Al v Al2O3 (trong Al chim 60% khi lng) tan hon ton
trong dung dch Y gm H2SO4 v NaNO3, thu c dung dch Z ch cha 3 mui trung ha v m gam
hn hp kh T (trong T c 0,015 mol H2). Cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo Z n khi cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton, thu c 93,2 gam kt ta. Cn nu cho Z phn ng vi NaOH th lng NaOH phn ng
ti a l 0,935 mol. Gi tr ca m gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 2,5.
B. 3,0.
C. 1,5.
D. 1,0.
Ta c mAl = 4,59 gam, mAl2O3 = 3,06 gam nAl = 0,17 (mol), nAl2O3 = 0,03 (mol) tng s mol Al
trong hh = 0,23 (mol)
Gi s mol ca H2SO4 = x (mol) v ca NaNO3 = y (mol)
V T c c H2 NO3- ht v H+ d tc dng vi Al to ra H2.
trong Z ch c mui SO42-, m Z cha 3 mui c c mui amoni
trong Z gm: Al2(SO4)3 0,23/2 = 0,115 (mol); Na2SO4 y/2 (mol); (NH4)2SO4 z (mol)
Bo ton nguyn t S z = x 0,115.3 y/2 (mol) (1)
Cho Z tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 BaSO4 (x mol) x = 0,4 s mol H+ = 0,8 (mol)
Cho Z tc dng vi dung dch NaOH c cc phn ng:
Al3+ + 3OH- Al(OH)3
0,23
0,69
0,23
Al(OH)3 + OH- AlO2- + 2H2O

0,23
0,23
NH4+ + OH- NH3 + H2O

2z
2z
tng s mol OH- = 0,92 + 2z = 0,935 z = 0,0075 (mol) s mol NH4+ = 0,015 (mol)
Thay vo (1) y = 0,095 (mol)
Mt khc, khi cho X + Y th c cc phn ng:
2kH+ + NO3- + Al Al3+ + spk l kh (NO2,NO,N2O,N2) + kH2O (2)
a
a/2
6H+ + Al2O3 2Al3+ + 3H2O (3)

0,18
0,03
6H+ + 2Al 2Al3+ + 3H2 (4)

0,03
0,015
30H+ + 3NO3- + 8Al 8Al3+ + 3NH4+ + 9H2O (5)

0,15
0,015
0,045
tng s mol H+ = a + 0,18 + 0,03 + 0,15 = 0,8 a = 0,44 (mol)

p dng bo ton khi lng:
mAl + mAl2O3 + mH+ + mNO3- = mAl3+ + mT + mNH4+ + mH2O ( cc phn ng 2;3;5)
111

mT = 1,47 gam. p n C
Cu 48: Cho cht X c CTPT l CH6O3N2 phn ng va vi dung dch NaOH (un nng), thu c
dung dch Y ch gm cc cht v c v 2,24 lit kh Z (ktc) c kh nng lm xanh giy qu tm m. C cn
Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2.
B. 8,3.
C. 8,5.
D. 6,8.
CTCT: CH3-NH3NO3 + NaOH CH3-NH2 + NaNO3 + H2O

0,1
0,1
m = 8,5 gam p n C
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c no, mch h (u cha C, H, O), trong phn t mi cht c hai
nhm chc trong s cc nhm -OH, -CHO, -COOH. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 4,05 gam Ag v 1,86 gam mt mui amoni hu c. Cho ton
b lng mui amoni hu c ny vo dung dch NaOH (d, un nng), thu c 0,02 mol NH3. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 1,50.
B. 2,98.
C. 1,22.
D. 1,24.
Gi CT chung ca 2 cht trong X l x(HO)R(COOH)y(CHO)z.
Phng trnh phn ng:
x(HO)R(COOH)y(CHO)z + 2zAgNO3 + (3z+y)NH3 + zH2O
a
2az
(3z+y)a
az
x(HO)R(COONH4)y(COONH4)z + 2zAg + 2zNH4NO3 (1)
a
2az
2az
s mol Ag = 0,375 mol 2az = 0,0375 az = 0,01875
x(HO)R(COONH4)y(COONH4)z + NaOH x(HO)R(COONa)y+z + (y+z)NH3 + (y+z)H2O
a
a(y+z)
s mol NH3 = 0,02 mol a(y+z) = 0,02 ay = 0,00125
p dng bo ton khi lng cho phn ng (1) m = 1,22 gam p n C
Cu 50: Hn hp T gm hai ancol n chc l X v Y (MX < MY), ng ng k tip ca nhau. un nng
27,2 gam T vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp cc cht hu c Z gm: 0,08 mol ba ete (c khi lng 6,76
gam) v mt lng ancol d. t chy hon ton Z cn va 43,68 lt O2 (ktc). Hiu sut phn ng to
ete ca X v Y ln lt l
A. 20% v 40%.
B. 40% v 30%.
C. 30% v 30%.
D. 50% v 20%.
Gi CT chung ca 2 ancol l R-OH CT chung ca 3 ete l R-O-R, MTB ca 3 ete = 6,76/0,08 =

84,5 R = 34,25 2 ancol l C2H5OH (a mol) v C3H7OH (b mol)
46a + 60b = 27,2 (1)
Li c: t chy Z cn 1 lng oxi = t chy T do c th tnh s mol oxi dng t chy Z
bng cc phn ng t chy T:
C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O
a
3a
C3H7OH + 4,5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

b
4,5b
112

3a + 4,5b = 1,95 (2). T (1) v (2) a = 0,2 mol v b = 0,3 mol
Gi s cc ete gm c: C2H5-O-C2H5 (x mol); C3H7-O-C3H7 (y mol); C2H5-O-C3H7 (z mol)
s mol C2H5OH phn ng = 2x + z (mol) v s mol C3H7OH phn ng = 2y + z (mol)
x + y + z = 0,08 (3) v 74x + 102y + 88z = 6,76 (4)
T (4) 74(x + y + z) + 28y + 14z = 6,76 2y + z = 0,06 = s mol C3H7OH phn ng
Ly (3).2 (2y + z) = 2x + z 2x + z = 0,1 = s mol C2H5OH phn ng
H% (C2H5OH) = 50% v H% (C3H7OH) = 20% p n D.
113

MN HA HC LN 10-CHUYN H VINH
Cu 1 : Dn kh than t qua m gam hn hp X gm cc cht Fe2O3, CuO, Fe3O4 (c s mol bng
nhau) un nng thu c 36 gam hn hp cht rn Y.Cho Y phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long
d thu c 11,2 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht,ktc).Gi tr ca m l :
A. 47,2
B. 46,4
C. 54,2
D. 48,2
Cu 2 : t chy hon ton 29,2 gam axit cacboxylic X cn va V lt O2 , thu c H2O v 26,88 lt
CO2.Mt khc, khi trung ha hon ton 9,125 gam X cn va 100ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,5M
v KOH 0,75M.Bit cc th tch kh u o ktc.Gi tr ca V l :
A. 16,8
B. 29,12
C. 8,96
D. 13,44
Cu 3 : Khi nu canh cua th thy cc mng riu cua ni ln l do :
A. S ng t ca protein do nhit . B. Phn ng thy phn ca protein.
C. Phn ng mu ca protein.
C. S ng t ca lipit.
Cu 4 : Cho 20,7 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al, Cu, Zn vo dung dch HCl d, n khi cc phn ng
kt thc thy thot ra 11,2 lt kh H2 ( ktc) v thu c dung dch Y cha m gam mui.Gi tr ca m
c th l :
A. 56,20
B. 59,05
C. 58,45
D. 49,80
Cu 5 : Hp cht X c cc tnh cht :
(1) L cht kh nhit thng, nng hn khng kh.
(2) Lm nht mu dung dch thuc tm.
(3) B hp th bi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d to kt ta trng.
X l cht no trong cc cht sau :
A. NO2
B. SO2
C. CO2
D. H2S
Cu 6 : CO2 khng phn ng vi cht no trong cc cht sau :
A. NaOH
B. CaO
C. O2
D. Mg
Cu 7 : Cht no sau y l monosaccarit?
A. Saccarozo
B. Xenlulozo
C. Aminozo
D. Glucozo
Cu 8 : X l dung dch cha H2SO4 1M v HCl 1M.Y l dung dch cha NaOH 1M v KOH 1M. Trn
V1 lt dung dch X vi V2 lt dung dch Y n kh cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 1 lt dung
dch Z c PH = 13. Khi c cn ton b dung dch Z th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn khan ?
A. 90,11
B. 75,31
C. 68,16
D. 100,37
Cu 9 : Thc hin phn ng sau trong bnh kn c dung tch khng i 2 lt. X2(k) Y2(k) 2Z(k)
114

Lc u s mol ca kh X2 l 0,6 mol, sau 10 pht s mol ca kh X2 cn li 0,12 mol. Tc trung
bnh ca phn ng tnh theo X2 trong khong thi gian trn l :
A. 4.104 mol / (l.s).
B. 2, 4 mol / (l.s).
C. 4, 6 mol / (l.s).
D. 8.104 mol / (l.s).
Cu 10 : t chy hon ton 29,2 gam hn hp X gm andehit acrylic, metyl axetat, andehit axetic v
etylen glicol thu c 1,15 mol CO2 v 23,4 gam H2O. Mt khc, khi cho 36,5 gam hn hp X trn tc
dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c ti a m gam Ag. Gi tr gn nht ca m l :
A. 43,5
B. 64,8
C. 53,9
D. 81,9
Cu 11 : Ma ty d dng no khi a vo c th con ngi u c th lm thay i chc nng sinh
l. Ma ty c tc dng c ch kch thch mnh m gy o gic lm cho ngi dng khng lm ch
c bn thn. Nghin ma ty s dn ti ri lon tm, sinh l, ri lon tiu ha, ri lon chc nng
thn kinh, ri lon tun hon, h hp. Tim chch ma ty c th gy try tim mch d dn n t
vong, v vy phi lun ni KHNG vi ma ty.Nhm cht no sau y l ma ty (cm dng) ?
A. Penixilin, ampixilin, erythromixin.
B. Thuc phin, cn sa, heroin, cocain.
C. Thuc phin, penixilin, moocphin.
D. Seduxen, cn sa, ampixilin, cocain.
Cu 12 : Ha tan hon ton ln lt m1 gam hn hp X gm Mg v Fe ri m2 gam mt oxit st trong
dung dch H2SO4 long, rt d thu c dung dch Y v 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Dung dch Y tc dng va
vi 100ml dung dch KMnO4 0,15M thu c dung dch Z cha 36,37 gam hn hp mui trung
ha. Gi tr ca m1 v m2 ln lt l :
A. 1,68 v 6,4
B. 2,32 v 9,28
C. 4,56 v 2,88
D. 3,26 v 4,64
Cu 13 : Trong cc phn t : CO2, NH3, C2H2, SO2, H2O c bao nhiu phn t phn cc?
A. 1
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
Cu 14 : Thc hin cc th nghim sau :
(1) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch KMnO4 .
(2) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch H2S.
(3) Sc hn hp kh thu c khi nhit phn Cu(NO3)2 vo nc.
(4) Cho Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3.
(5) Cho HCl vo dung dch Fe(NO3)2.
(6) Cho Fe2O3 vo dung dch HI.
S th nghim c phn ng oxi ha kh xy ra l :
A. 3
B. 5
C. 6
D. 4
Cu 15 : Cho cc phng trnh phn ng sau :
t
2R 2nHCl
2RCln nH 2
0
RCln nNH 3 (d ) R(OH) n nNH 4Cl

R(OH) n (4 n)NaOH Na (4 n) RO 2 2H 2O
Kim loi R l :
A. Zn.
B. Cr.
C. Ni.
D. Al.
115

Cu 16 : Cho m gam cacbon tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c V lt ktc hn
hp kh X gm CO2 v SO2 .Hp th ht X bng dung dch NaOH va thu c dung dch Y ch
cha hai mui trung ha. C cn dung dch Y thu c 35,8 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m v V ln
lt l :
A. 2,4 v 6,72
B. 2,4 v 4,48
C. 1,2 v 22,4
D. 1,2 v 6,72
Cu 17 : Monome no sau y dng trng ngng to ra policaproait (nilon 6 )?
A. Hexametyleniamin
B. Caprolactam.
C. Axit aminocaproic
C. Axit aminoenantoic.
Cu 18 : t chy hon ton V lt hi mt amin X (no, mch h, n chc, bc 1) bng O2 va th
thu c 12V hn hp kh v hi gm CO2 , H2O v N2 .Cc th tch kh u o cng iu kin
nhit , p sut. S ng phn cu to tha mn cc iu kin trn ca X l :
A. 6
B. 9
C. 8
D. 7
H3O ,t
H 2O,xt,H
CuO,t
HCN
X
Y
Z
T .
Cu 19 : Cho s chuyn ha : Etilen
T c cng thc cu to thu gn l :
A. CH3CH(OH)COOH
B. CH2=CH-COOH.
C. CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH2(OH)CH2COOOH
Cu 20 : Cho cc cht sau : CO2, NO2, CO, CrO3, P2O5, Al2O3. C bao nhiu cht tc dng c vi
dung dch NaOH long nhit thng?
A. 7
B. 6
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 21 : Thy phn 63,5 gam hn hp X gm tripeptit Ala Gly Gly v tetrapeptit Ala Ala Ala
Gly thu c hn hp Y gm 0,15 mol Ala Gly ; 0,05 mol Gly Gly ; 0,1 mol Gly; Ala Ala v Ala.
Mt khc, khi thy phn hon ton 63,5 gam hn hp X bi 500ml dung dch NaOH 2M th thu c
dung dch Z. C cn cn thn dung dch Z thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr gn nht ca m l :
A. 100,5
B. 112,5
C. 96,4
D. 90,6
Cu 22 : X phng ha hon ton m1 gam este n chc X cn va 100ml dung dch KOH 2M. C
cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m2 gam cht rn khan Y gm hai mui ca kali. Khi t ch
hon ton Y thu c K2CO3, H2O v 30,8 gam CO2.Gi tr ca m1, m2 ln lt l :
A. 12,2 v 18,4
B. 13,6 v 11,6
C. 13,6 v 23,0
D. 12,2 v 12,8
Cu 23 : Nhn xt no sau y khng ng ?
A. Hidro ha hon ton triolein hoc trilinolein u thu c tristearin.
B. Cht bo l este ca glixerol v cc axit bo.
C. Du m ng thc vt b i thiu do ni i C = C gc axit khng no ca cht bo b oxi
ha chm bi oxi khng kh to thnh peoxit, cht ny b phn hy thnh cc sn phm c mi kh
chu.
D. Cht bo nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc.
Cu 24 : Hn hp X gm cc cht CuO, Fe3O4, Al c s mol bng nhau.Thc hin phn ng nhit
nhm 33,9 gam X trong mi trng kh tr, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp cht rn Y. Cho Y
tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c hn hp sn phm kh Z ch gm NO2, NO c tng
th tch 4,48 lt (ktc). T khi ca Z so vi heli l :
0
116

A. 10,5
B. 21,0
C. 9,5
D. 19,0
Cu 25 : Hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim 2 chu k lin tip. Ly 8,5 gam hn hp X cho tc dng
ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c dung dch Y v 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). C cn dung dch Y thu c
m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m v hai kim loi kim ln lt l :
A. 32,6 v Na, K
B. 46,8 v Li, Na
C. 32,6 v Li, Na
D. 19,15 v Na, K
Cu 26 : Hn hp R gm hai ancol no, mch h X v Y (c s mol bng nhau, M X M Y 16 ). Khi t
chy mt lng hn hp R thu c CO2 v H2O c t l tng ng l 2 : 3. Phn trm khi lng
ca X trong R l :
A. 57,40%
B. 29,63%
C. 42,59%
D. 34,78%
Cu 27 : Ha tan hon ton hn hp X gm BaO, NH4HCO3, NaHCO3 (c t l mol ln lt l 5 : 4 :
2) vo nc d, un nng. n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y cha :
A. NaHCO3 v Ba(HCO3)2
B. Na2CO3.
C. NaHCO3
D. NaHCO3 v (NH4)2CO3.
Cu 28 : Khi sc t t n d CO2 vo dung dch c cha 0,1 mol NaOH, x mol KOH v y mol
Ba(OH)2. Kt qu th nghim thu c biu din trn th sau :
S mol BaCO3
0,6
0,2
S mol CO2
Gi tr ca x, y, z ln lt l :
A. 0,6 ; 0,4 v 1,5
C. 0,2 ; 0,6 v 1,25
Cu 29 : Hnh v sau do mt hc
sinh v m t li th nghim n
mn in ha hc khi cm hai l
Cu v Zn (c ni vi nhau bng
mt dy dn) vo dung dch
H2SO4 long:
Trong hnh v bn chi tit no
cha ng ?
A. Chiu dch chuyn ca ion
Zn2+.
B. B mt hai thanh Cu v Zn.
1,6
B. 0,3 ; 0,3 v 1,2

D. 0,3 ; 0,6 v 1,4
e
Nguyen Anh Phong
Cu
Zn
2+
Zn
H2
Dung dich H2SO4
117

C. K thiu cc in cc
D. Chiu dch chuyn ca electron
trong dy dn
Cu 30: Trong cc cht: m-HOC6H4OH, p-CH3COOC6H4OH, CH3CH2COOH, (CH3NH3)2CO3,
CH2(Cl)COOC2H5, HOOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH, ClH3NCH(CH3)COOH
C bao nhiu cht m 1 mol cht phn ng c ti a vi 2 mol NaOH?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 6
D. 5
Cu 31: Tnh cht no sau y khng phi ca kim loi kim
A. u kh c nc d dng
B. Ch iu ch c bng phng php in phn nng chy
C. Th in cc chun (E0) c gi tr rt m v c tnh kh rt mnh
D. u c cu to mng tinh th lp phng tm din
Cu 32: Cho cc th nghim sau:
(1) cho etanol tc dng vi Na kim loi
(2) cho etanol tc dng vi dung dch HCl bc khi
(3) cho glixerol tc dng vi Cu(OH)2
(4) cho etanol tc dng vi CH3COOH c H2SO4 c xc tc
C bao nhiu th nghim trong c phn ng th H ca nhm OH ancol
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
Cu 33: Geraniol l dn xut cha 1 nguyn t oxi ca teepen c trong tinh du hoa hng, n c mi
thm c trng v l mt n hng qu dng trong cng nghip hng liu v thc phm. Khi
phn tch nh lng geraniol ngi ta thu c 77,92%C, 11,7%H v khi lng v cn li l oxi.
Cng thc ca geraniol l:
A. C20H30O
B. C18H30O
C. C10H18O
D. C10H20O
Cu 34: Mt loi phn kali cha 59,6% KCl, 34,5% K2CO3 v khi lng, cn li l SiO2. dinh
dng ca loi phn bn trn l:
A. 6,10
B. 49,35
C. 50,70
D. 60,20
Cu 35: Ha tan ht m gam cht rn X gm Fe, FeS, FeS2 bng dung dch HNO3 d . Sau khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp sn phm kh ch gm 2 kh NO v NO2 c t
khi so vi H2 l 17,4 v dung dch Y ch cha hai cht tan. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 11,52
B. 2,08
C. 4,64
D. 4,16
Cu 36: Cht no trong cc cht sau y khng phi l cht c tnh lng tnh
A. NaHCO3
B. Al(OH)3
C. ZnO
D. Al
Cu 37: cc este thng c mi thm d chu: isoamyl axetat c mi chui chn, etyl butirat c mi
da chn, etyl isovalerat c mi to,Este c mi chui chn c cng thc cu to thu gn l:
A. CH3COOCH2CH(CH3)2.
B. CH3COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2.
C. CH3COOCH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3.
D. CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3.
Cu 38: Trong cng nghip polietilen (PE) c iu ch t metan theo s
H2 80%
H2 80%
H2 80%
CH4
C2 H 2
C2 H 4
PE
118

tng hp 5,376 kg PE theo s trn cn V m3 kh thin nhin (ktc, cha 75% metan theo th
tch). Gi tr ca V l
A. 11,2
B. 22,4
C. 28,0
D. 16,8
Cu 39: cho cc dung dch sau: NaOHCO3, NaHSO4, CH3COONa, BaCl2, NaNO2, NaF. C bao nhiu
dung dch c pH>7?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
D. 4
Cu 40: Cho cc s hiu nguyn t cc nguyn t X, Y, Z, T ln lt l 7, 9, 15, 19. Dy cc nguyn t
c sp xp theo chiu tng dn m in l:
A.T<Z< X< Y
B. Y< T < Z < X
C. T< Y <Z< X
D. X < Y < Z < T
Cu 41: Thy phn m gam mantozo, sau mt thi gian thu c dung dch X. Khi cho dung dch X
tc dng gn ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c ti a 194,4 gam Ag. Bit hiu sut
qu trnh thy phn l 80%. Gi tr gn nht ca m l:
A. 180,25
B. 192,68
C. 145,35
D. 170,80
Cu 42: t chy hon ton 22,9 gam hn hp X gm hai este n chc, mch h to bi cng mt
ancol vi hai axit cacboxylic k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, thu c 1,1 mol CO2 v 15,3 gam
H2O. mt khc, ton b lng X trn phn ng ht vi 300ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung
dch Y. C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m c th l:
A. 20,4
B. 23,9
C. 18,4
D. 19,0
+
Cu 43: Dung dch X c cha 0,5 mol Na ; 0,2 mol Cl ; 0,1 mol NO3 ; 0,1 mol Ca2+; ,1 mol Mg2+;v
HCO3-. un si dung dch X n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Dung
dch Y l:
A. Nc mm
B. nc c tnh cng tm thi
C. nc c tnh cng vnh cu
D. nc c tnh cng ton phn
Cu 44: Khi t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X gm C3H4; C3H6; C4H4; CxHy th thu c 25,3
gam CO2 v 6,75 gam H2O. cng thc ca CxHy l
A. C2H4
B. C3H8
C. C2H2
D. CH4
Cu 45: Nu ch c dng thm 1 dung dch nhn bit cc kim loi ng ring bit: Na, Mg, Al,
Fe th l dung dch no trong cc dung dch sau:
A. dung dch BaCl2
B. dung dch Ba(OH)2
C. dung dch NaOH
D. dung dch FeCl3
Cu 46: Cng thc chung ca axit no, hai chc, mch h l:
A. CnH2n-2O4 vi n nguyn dng, n 3.
B. CnH2nO4 vi n nguyn dng, n 2.
C. CnH2n-2O4 vi n nguyn dng, n 2.
D. CnH2n+2O4 vi n nguyn dng, n 2.
Cu 47: Trong tng s cc ht electron, proton, notron trong ion M2+ l 34. Nhn xt no sau y
khng ng?
A. M thuc chu k 3, nhm IIA
B. M c cu trc mng tinh th lc phng
C. iu ch M ngi ta dng phng php nhit luyn
119

D. M c trong khong vt cacnalit
Cu 48: C bao nhiu hp cht hu c tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH c cng cng thc phn
t C8H10O?
A. 9
B. 6
C. 8
D. 5
Cu 49: in phn (vi in cc tr, c mng ngn) m gam dung dch cha 0,1 mol FeCl3 v 0,15 mol
HCl vi cng dng in khng i 1,92A. sau thi gian t gi th dung dch thu c sau in
phn c khi lng (m-5,156)gam. Bit trong qu trnh in phn nc bay hi khng ng k. Gi
tr ca t l:
A. 2,5
B. 2,0
C. 3,0
D. 1,5
Cu 50: Hn hp T gm X, Y, Z (58<Mx<MY<MZ<78, l hp cht hu c tp phc, phn t ch cha
C, H v O c cc tnh cht sau:
- X, Y, Z u tc dng c vi Na
- Y, Z tc dng c vi NaHCO3
- X, Y u c phn ng trng bc
Nu t chy ht 0,25 mol hn hp T th thu c m gam cht CO2, m gn nht vi gi tr:
A. 44,4
B. 22,2
C. 11,1
D. 33,3
Cu 1 : Chn p n A
Fe2O3 : a
Fe : 5a
BTKL
344a 16b 36

H2 ,CO,t 0
36(gam) Cu : a BTE
Ta c : X CuO : a
15a 2a 2b 0,5.3

Fe O : a
O : b
3 4
a 0,1
m 160 80 232 .0,1 47, 2(gam)

b 0,1
Cu 2 : Chn p n B
trnh nhm ln ta quy tt c s liu v 29,2 gam.
n CO 1, 2(mol)
Chy
2
Ta c : X
n H2O a(mol)
OH
3, 2(0,1.0,5 0,1.0, 75) 0, 4(mol) n X 0, 4
BTKL
mTrongX
29, 2 1, 2.12 0, 4.2.16 2(mol) a 1(mol)
H
BTNT.O
0, 4.2 2.n O2 1, 2.2 1 V 1,3.22, 4 29,12(l)
Cu 3 : Chn p n A
Cu 4 : Chn p n D
Ta c : n H2 0,5(mol) n Cl 0,5.2 1(mol)
BTKL
m 1.35,5 20, 7 56, 2
V c Cu d :
Cu 5 : Chn p n B
+ X tc dng vi thuc tm nn loi C.
+ X to kt ta trng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d nn loi A vi D.
120

Cu 6 : Chn p n C
Cu 7 : Chn p n D
Cu 8 : Chn p n A
n d 0,1(mol) 2V2 3V1 0,1 V2 0, 62
Z c PH = 13 OH 0,1 OH
1(
lt
)
V1 0,38
2
1
BTKL
0,38(98 36,5) 0, 62(40 56) m 0,38.3.18 m 90,11(gam)
Cu 9 : Chn p n A
Ch : Th tch ca bnh l 2 lt nh !Thi bui ny m c bn vn c mc nh V = 1 lt ththua cc
bn y.
0, 6 0,12
2 4.104 mol / (l.s)

Ta c ngay : v 2
10.60
Cu 10 : Chn p n C
Thi bui 2015 ny ngi ta c v thch nhng bi ton hn hp nhiu cht.Nhng loi bi tp ny
ch mang tnh cht da nhau thui ch thc ra cng n gin.Ch cn cc em m ra ci chung ca
m hp l tiu dit gn ngay.
+ Bn X ny c g chung ?
c hai tn c 1.O v 4.H u c mi lin quan ti Ag.
Hai thng cn li c 2.O v 6.H khng lin quan ti Ag.
CO :1,15(mol)
Cx H 4 O : a(mol)
Dn vo thnh
Chy
+ Vy th X
H 2O :1,3(mol)
C y H 6O2 : b(mol)
29, 2 1,15.12 1,3.2
BTKL
X
n Trong
0,8(mol)
O
16
BTNT.O
a 2b 0,8
a 0, 2

BTNT.H
4a 6b 2, 6 b 0,3
Ch : C s thay i khi lng gia cc ln th nghim cc em nh !

n CHO 0, 2.1, 25 0, 25 m 0, 25.2.108 54(gam)
Cu 11 : Chn p n B
Cu 12 : Chn p n B
n H2 0, 05(mol)
Ta c :
BTE
n Fe2 0, 075(mol)
n KMnO4 0, 015(mol)
+ Vy oxit khng th l Fe2O3 .
+ Nu oxit l Fe3O4 : c (mol) b c 0, 075(mol)
Mg : a
X
a b 0, 05
Fe : b
121

K : 0, 015
2
Mn : 0, 015
BTKL
120a 200b 600c 32,8

Ta c ngay : 36,37 Mg 2 : a
Fe3 : b 3c
BTDT
0, 045 2a 3b 9c
SO 24 :

2
a 0, 015(mol)
m 24a 56b 2,32(gam)
b 0, 035(mol) 1
m2 0, 04.232 9, 28(gam)
c 0, 04(mol)
c p n nn ta yn tm khng xy ra trng hp oxit l FeO na.

Cu 13 : Chn p n C
C 3 phn t phn cc l : NH3, SO2 v H2O.
Ch : CO2 cha lin kt CHT phn cc tuy nhin do tnh i xng nn xt c phn t th khng
phn cc.
Cu 14 : Chn p n B
Cc th nghim c phn ng oxi ha kh l : (1), (2), (3), (5), (6).
+ Vi (5) : 3Fe2 NO3 4H 3Fe3 NO 2H2O
+ Vi (6) : Ch khng tn ti mui FeI3 ch c mui FeI2 thi nh !
Cu 15 : Chn p n D
+ thy Zn(OH)2 v Ni(OH)2 to phc (tan) trong dung dch c NH3 d.
+ Khng th l Cr c v Cr(OH)2 khng tan trong NaOH.
Cu 16 : Chn p n D
BTNT.C

CO32 : a
BTNT.S
CO : a(mol)
BTE
BTKL
VX 2
35,8
SO32 : 2a
a 0,1(mol)
Ta
SO
:
2a
2
BTDT
Na : 6a

m 12.0,1 1, 2(gam)
V 0,1.3.22, 4 6,72(l)
Cu 17 : Chn p n C
Cu 18 : Chn p n C
nCO2
Chy
(n 1,5)H 2O n n 2 12 n 5
Ta c : Cn H 2n 3 N
0,5N
2
Ch : Khi phi m s ng phn.Cc bn cn nh s ng phn ca cc gc quan trng sau :

CH3
C 2 H5
c 1 ng phn
C 3 H 7
c 2 ng phn
C 4 H 9
c 4 ng phn
C5H11
c 8 ng phn
122

Cu 19 : Chn p n A
S tng minh l ;
H2O
CuO,t
CH 3 CH 2 OH
CH 3CHO
+ CH 2 CH 2
0
HCN
H
CH3 CH(CN)O
CH3 CH(COO H)OH
+ CH3CHO
Cu 20 : Chn p n D
Cc cht tc dng c l :CO2, NO2, CrO3, P2O5, Al2O3.
Ch : Cr v Cr2O3 ch tan c trong kim c.
Cu 21 : Chn p n A
BTKL
203a 288b 63,5

A G G : a(mol)
a 0,1

Ta c : 63,5
BT.G
2a b 0,15 0,1 0,1 b 0,15

A A A G : b(mol)

BTKL
63,5 1.40 m 0, 25.18 m 99(gam)
Cu 22 : Chn p n C
X n chc m cho hai mui X l este ca phenol RCOOC6H5.
RCOOK : 0,1 Chy

BTNT.K
Y
n K 2CO3 0,1(mol)
Ta c : n KOH 0, 2(mol)
C6 H5OK : 0,1
BTNT.C
n CO2 0,7(mol)
n Ctrong X 0,7 0,1 0,8 X : CH3COOC6H5
m1 0,1.136 13, 6(gam)

BTKL
13, 6 0, 2.56 m 2 0,1.18 m 2 23(gam)

Cu 23 : Chn p n B
Chnh xc phi l trieste ca glixerol.
Cu 24 : Chn p n C
CuO : a
BTKL
80a 232a 27a 33,9 a 0,1(mol) n e 0, 4(mol)
Ta c : 33,9(gam) Fe3O4 : a
Al : a
NO 2 : x BTE x y 0, 2
x 0,1(mol)
0, 2
d(Z / He) 9,5

x 3y 0, 4 y 0,1(mol)
NO : y
Cu 25 : Chn p n D
BTKL
m 8,5 0,3.35,5 19,15(gam)
Ta c : n H2 0,15(mol) n Cl 0,3(mol)
Cu 26 : Chn p n A
X : C2 H 6O 2
62
%C2 H 6 O 2
57, 407%
D thy R l :
62 46
Y : C2 H 6O
Cu 27 : Chn p n B
BaCO3
HCO3 : 6(mol)
D thy ta c 10 mol OH- s chi va vi

Na 2 CO3
NH 4 : 4(mol) NH3
Cu 28 : Chn p n D
123

BTNT.Ba
y n BaCO3 0,6
Nhn vo ci hnh l c
Con s 1,6 cho ta : 1, 6 0, 6 x 0,1

BaCO3
NaHCO3
KHCO3
0, 6
x 0,3
CO32 2HCO3
Tm z cng rt n nhng c p ri ng ph thi gian lm g nh !

Cu 29 : Chn p n C
Zn l cc ( ) v Cu l cc (+)
Cu 30 : Chn p n D
Cc cht tha mn l : HO C6H4 OH , CH3 NH3 2 CO3 , CH 2 (Cl)COOC2 H5 ,
HOOC CH 2 CH(NH 2 )COOH, ClH 3 NCH(CH 3 )COOH
Cu 31 : Chn p n D
Cc kim loi kim c kiu mng lp phng tm khi.
Cu 32 : Chn p n B
Bao gm cc th nghim : (1), (3), (4).
Cu 33 : Chn p n C
16
%O
0,1038 R 138 C10 H18O
R 16
Cu 34 : Chn p n A
n KCl 0,8(mol)
BTNT.K
Gi s c 100 gam phn
n K2O 0, 65
n
0,
25(mol)
K
CO
2 3
Vy dinh dng ca phn l : 0, 65.94 61,1%
Cu 35 : Chn p n D
Fe : 2a(mol)
Hai cht tan l HNO3 v Fe2(SO4)3.Do m
S: 3a(mol)
NO : 0,14(mol)
BTE
2a.3 3a.6 0,14.3 0, 06 a 0, 02(mol)

V 0, 2
NO
:
0,
06(mol)
2
m 4,16(gam)
Cu 36 : Chn p n D
Nhc rt rt nhiu ln ri nh ! Al v Zn va tc dng vi axit va tc dng vi kim nhng khng
phi cht lng tnh.
Cu 37 : Chn p n B
Cu 38 : Chn p n B
3
5,376 1
1
V 22, 4.
.
.2.
22, 4(m3 )
Ta
28 0,8
0, 75
BTNT.C
Cu 39 : Chn p n D
Cc dung dch c PH > 7 l : NaHCO3, CH3COONa, NaNO2, NaF.
Ch : NaHCO3 c PH > 7 nhng bnh thng s khng lm i mu qu tm.
Cu 40 : Chn p n A
D thy Y c in tch ht nhn l 9 (Flo) c m in ln nht.
124

Cu 41 : Chn p n D
Gi n Mantozo a n Ag 1,8 0,8a.4 0, 2a.2 a 0,5(mol) m 171(gam)
glu fruc
Man du
Ch : Mantozo d vn cho phn ng trng bc cc bn nh !

Cu 42 : Chn p n A
22,9 1,1.12 0,85.2

n CO 1,1
Chy
BTKL
Ta c : X
2
n Otrong X
0,5 n X 0, 25(mol)
16
n H2O 0,85
MX
CH 2 CH COO CH 3 : 0,15(mol)
22,9
TH 1
91, 6
X
0, 25
CH 2 CH CH 2 COO CH3 : 0,1(mol)
BTKL
22,9 0,3.40 m 0, 25.32 m 26,9(gam) (loi)

CH3OH
HCOO CH 2 CH CH 2 : 0,15(mol)
TH 2
X
CH 3COO CH 2 CH CH 2 : 0,1(mol)
BTKL
22,9 0,3.40 m
0, 25.58
m 20, 4(gam)
CH2 CH CH2 OH
Cu 43 : Chn p n A
BTDT
0,5 0,1.2 0,1.2 0, 2 0,1 n HCO n HCO 0,6

3
t
CO32 : 0,3(mol) 0, 2
un si ta c HCO3
0
Cu 44 : Chn p n C
n CO 0,575 C 2,875
Chy
Ta c : X
2
C2 H 2
n
0,375
3,75
H2 O
Cu 45 : Chn p n D
+ u tin m ra ngay Na v ta s c thm dung dch NaOH.
+ C NaOH s m ra Al ngay.
+ Ag cng d dng soi ra v n khng tan trong dung dch no ht.
+ Vi Mg v Fe cng soi ra c.
Cu 46 : Chn p n C
Cu 47 : Chn p n C
D thy M l Mg.Ngi ta iu ch M bng phng php in phn nng chy.
Cu 48 : Chn p n A
C tt c 9 ng phn bao gm :
125

CH3
CH3
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
OH
OH
OH
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
OH
OH
OH
OH
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
OH
HO
CH3
CH3
HO
CH3
OH
CH3
Cu 49 : Chn p n B
D thy khi lng gim l khi lng ca Clo v Hidro.
2a 0,1
BTE
n H 2
Ta c : n Cl2 a n e 2a
2
BTKL
71a 2a 0,1 5,156 a 0, 072(mol)
ne
It
0,144.96500
t
7200(s) 2(h)
F
1,93
Cu 50 : Chn p n B
X : HO CH 2 CHO
C th suy ra T l : Y : HOC COOH

Z : HO CH COOH
2
nTrongT
2nT 0, 25.2 0,5(mol) m 0,5.44 22(gam)
C
126

10 Đề Thi Ôn Luyện THPT Quốc Gia 2016

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10 Đề Thi Ôn Luyện THPT Quốc Gia 2016

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thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

THI TH THPT QUC GIA NM 2016

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Phng trnh ha hc no sau y ph hp vi m hnh thu kh trn?

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

=> nO2 = 0,65 mol

=> V = 14,56 lit

Nhit phn KNO3 -> O2 ; KMnO4 + HClc -> Cl2

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

=> mmui = 6,75g

Zn2+ + 2OH- -> Zn(OH)2 ; Zn(OH)2 + 4NH3 -> Zn(NH3)4(OH)2

=> nAg = nFe2+ = 0,16 mol => nFeO = 0,08 mol

Nu l FeO -> nHCl = 2nFe + 2nFeO = 0,32 mol < nHCl

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

V FeS tan trong HCl

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Ly (1) (2) : 0,5MY = 28 => MY = 56 (C4H8)

=> Vru = 600 ml = 0,6 lit

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

=> mmui = 68g

V trong Y c 2 mui ca 2 axit l ng phn ca nhau

+) R1 = 43 => R2 = 57 (C4H9) c trong p n

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

THI TH THPT QUC GIA NM 2016

nhit khng i, khi thay i p sut chung ca mi h cn bng, cn bng ha hc no trn

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

D. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Hnh v trn minh ha phn ng iu ch cht Y no sau y?

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

THI TH THPT QUC GIA NM 2016

Cu 4: Lu hunh trong cht no sau y va c tnh oxy ha va c tnh kh

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

. Trong X,Y,Z u l sn phm chnh. Nhn xt no sau y ng :

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc

Trn con ng thnh cng khng c du chn ngi li bing !

thi th THPT Quc Gia nm 2016 Mn Ha Hc